"drīkstēt" meaning in Latvian

See drīkstēt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [dɾìːkstɛ̂ːt] Audio: lv-riga-drīkstēt.ogg
Etymology: From an earlier drīstēt (still dialectally attested) with an epenthetic k, the intensive form of an older verb *drīst, from a stem *drīs-, from Proto-Baltic *drins-, from the (nasalized) zero grade form *dʰr̥ns- of the Proto-Indo-European stem *dʰers-, *dʰres-, *dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”) (whence also Latvian drošs (“brave, safe, sure”), q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian drį̃sti, Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to be brave, to be courageous, to dare”). Etymology templates: {{m|lv|drīstēt}} drīstēt, {{m|lv|*drīst}} *drīst, {{m|lv|*drīs-}} *drīs-, {{uder|lv|bat-pro|*drins-}} Proto-Baltic *drins-, {{m|ine-pro|*dʰr̥ns-}} *dʰr̥ns-, {{uder|lv|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{m|ine-pro|*dʰers-}} *dʰers-, {{m|ine-pro|*dʰres-}} *dʰres-, {{m|ine-pro|*dʰros-||to dare, to be brave, to attack}} *dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”), {{cog|lv|drošs||brave, safe, sure}} Latvian drošs (“brave, safe, sure”), {{cog|lt|drįsti|drį̃sti}} Lithuanian drį̃sti, {{cog|sa|धृष्णोति||to be brave, to be courageous, to dare|tr=dhṛṣṇóti}} Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to be brave, to be courageous, to dare”) Head templates: {{head|lv|verb|transitive||3rd conjugation||||||present|drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst|past|drīkstēju|head=drīkstēt}} drīkstēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst, past drīkstēju), {{lv-verb|tr|3rd|drīkst|ē}} drīkstēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst, past drīkstēju) Inflection templates: {{lv-conj|drīkst|ē|3rd}}, {{lv-conj-3|drīkst|ē|||inf=|irr1=|pass=|pol=|prespart=|refl=|stem1=drīkst|width=100%}}, {{lv-conj-table|drīkstu|drīksti|drīkst|drīkstam|drīkstat|drīkstēju|drīkstēji|drīkstēja|drīkstējām|drīkstējāt|drīkstēšu|drīkstēsi|drīkstēs|drīkstēsim|drīkstēsiet, drīkstēsit|drīksti|drīkstiet|drīkstot|drīkstēšot|drīkstētu|jādrīkst|jādrīkstot|drīkstošs|drīkstēdams|drīkstot|drīkstam|drīkstējis|drīkstams|drīkstēts|drīkstēšana|inf=|pass=|pol=|prespart=|refl=|width=100%}} Forms: conjugation [third-person], drīkstu [present], drīksti [present], drīkst [present], drīkstēju [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], drīkstu [first-person, indicative, present, singular], drīkstēju [first-person, indicative, past, singular], drīkstēšu [first-person, future, indicative, singular], - [first-person, imperative, singular], drīksti [indicative, present, second-person, singular], drīkstēji [indicative, past, second-person, singular], drīkstēsi [future, indicative, second-person, singular], drīksti [imperative, second-person, singular], drīkst [indicative, present, singular, third-person], drīkstēja [indicative, past, singular, third-person], drīkstēs [future, indicative, singular, third-person], lai drīkst [imperative, singular, third-person], drīkstam [first-person, indicative, plural, present], drīkstējām [first-person, indicative, past, plural], drīkstēsim [first-person, future, indicative, plural], drīkstēsim [first-person, imperative, plural], drīkstat [indicative, plural, present, second-person], drīkstējāt [indicative, past, plural, second-person], drīkstēsiet [future, indicative, plural, second-person], drīkstēsit [future, indicative, plural, second-person], drīkstiet [imperative, plural, second-person], drīkst [indicative, plural, present, third-person], drīkstēja [indicative, past, plural, third-person], drīkstēs [future, indicative, plural, third-person], lai drīkst [imperative, plural, third-person], drīkstot [present, renarrative], drīkstošs [active, adjectival, participle, participle-1, present], esot drīkstējis [past, renarrative], drīkstēdams [active, adverbial, participle, participle-2, present], drīkstēšot [future, renarrative], drīkstot [active, adverbial, participle, participle-3, present], lai drīkstot [imperative], drīkstam [active, participle, participle-4, present], drīkstējis [active, participle, past], drīkstētu [conditional, present], drīkstams [participle, passive, present], būtu drīkstējis [conditional, past], drīkstēts [participle, passive, past], jādrīkst [debitive, indicative], būt jādrīkst [debitive, indicative], drīkstēt [infinitive], esot jādrīkst [conjunctive, conjunctive-1, debitive], nedrīkstēt [infinitive, negative], jādrīkstot [conjunctive, conjunctive-2, debitive], drīkstēšana [noun-from-verb]
  1. may; be allowed, authorized, have the right (to do something) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-drīkstēt-lv-verb-DbGsUk5I Categories (other): Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt, Latvian words with broken intonation, Latvian words with falling intonation Disambiguation of Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt: 32 32 36 Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 32 31 37 Disambiguation of Latvian words with falling intonation: 32 31 37
  2. can; to be possible, desirable Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-drīkstēt-lv-verb-~tsRkJQT Categories (other): Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt, Latvian words with broken intonation, Latvian words with falling intonation Disambiguation of Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt: 32 32 36 Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 32 31 37 Disambiguation of Latvian words with falling intonation: 32 31 37
  3. to dare, to encourage oneself (to do something) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-drīkstēt-lv-verb-ssTWYQJ0 Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt, Latvian undefined derivations, Latvian words with broken intonation, Latvian words with falling intonation Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 30 30 40 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 18 17 66 Disambiguation of Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt: 32 32 36 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 9 9 82 Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 32 31 37 Disambiguation of Latvian words with falling intonation: 32 31 37
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: uzdrīkstēt, uzdrīkstēties

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for drīkstēt meaning in Latvian (12.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "uzdrīkstēt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "uzdrīkstēties"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "drīstēt"
      },
      "expansion": "drīstēt",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*drīst"
      },
      "expansion": "*drīst",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*drīs-"
      },
      "expansion": "*drīs-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*drins-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *drins-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰr̥ns-"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰr̥ns-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰers-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰres-"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰres-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰros-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to dare, to be brave, to attack"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "drošs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "brave, safe, sure"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian drošs (“brave, safe, sure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "drįsti",
        "3": "drį̃sti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian drį̃sti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "धृष्णोति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be brave, to be courageous, to dare",
        "tr": "dhṛṣṇóti"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to be brave, to be courageous, to dare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From an earlier drīstēt (still dialectally attested) with an epenthetic k, the intensive form of an older verb *drīst, from a stem *drīs-, from Proto-Baltic *drins-, from the (nasalized) zero grade form *dʰr̥ns- of the Proto-Indo-European stem *dʰers-, *dʰres-, *dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”) (whence also Latvian drošs (“brave, safe, sure”), q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian drį̃sti, Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to be brave, to be courageous, to dare”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstu",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīksti",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkst",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēju",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīksti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīksti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstējām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstējāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "participle-1",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot drīkstējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-2",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-3",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai drīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "participle-4",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstētu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu drīkstējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jādrīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jādrīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jādrīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-1",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nedrīkstēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jādrīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-2",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēšana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "drīkstēju",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "transitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "3rd conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "drīkstēt"
      },
      "expansion": "drīkstēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst, past drīkstēju)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "3rd",
        "3": "drīkst",
        "4": "ē"
      },
      "expansion": "drīkstēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst, past drīkstēju)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drīkst",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "3rd"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drīkst",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "inf": "",
        "irr1": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem1": "drīkst",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-3"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drīkstu",
        "10": "drīkstējāt",
        "11": "drīkstēšu",
        "12": "drīkstēsi",
        "13": "drīkstēs",
        "14": "drīkstēsim",
        "15": "drīkstēsiet,\ndrīkstēsit",
        "16": "drīksti",
        "17": "drīkstiet",
        "18": "drīkstot",
        "19": "drīkstēšot",
        "2": "drīksti",
        "20": "drīkstētu",
        "21": "jādrīkst",
        "22": "jādrīkstot",
        "23": "drīkstošs",
        "24": "drīkstēdams",
        "25": "drīkstot",
        "26": "drīkstam",
        "27": "drīkstējis",
        "28": "drīkstams",
        "29": "drīkstēts",
        "3": "drīkst",
        "30": "drīkstēšana",
        "4": "drīkstam",
        "5": "drīkstat",
        "6": "drīkstēju",
        "7": "drīkstēji",
        "8": "drīkstēja",
        "9": "drīkstējām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 31 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 31 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "may I come in?",
          "text": "vai drīkstu ienākt?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "are you allowed to go swimming?",
          "text": "vai tu drīksti iet peldēt?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "you may not, are not allowed to do that",
          "text": "tu nedrīksti to darīt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the patient is not allowed to get up yet",
          "text": "slimnieks vēl nedrīkst celties",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "either I was allowed, had the right to cut (down) those trees, and then I don't have to pay anything, or then I was not allowed, didn't have the right to cut (them), and then I am a thief?",
          "text": "vai nu es drīkstēju tos kokus cirst, un tad man nekas nav jāmaksā, vai es viņus nedrīkstēju cirst, un tad es esmu zaglis?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "may; be allowed, authorized, have the right (to do something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-drīkstēt-lv-verb-DbGsUk5I",
      "links": [
        [
          "may",
          "may"
        ],
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "allow",
          "allow"
        ],
        [
          "authorize",
          "authorize"
        ],
        [
          "have",
          "have"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 31 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 31 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "you are already a grownup, so I think that I now may, am allowed to retell it (= tell that story again)",
          "text": "tu esi jau pieaudzis, tāpēc es domāju, ka drīkstu to atstāstīt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Ozols understood that he could not hesitate any longer, it was necessary to open the meeting, even though the registration had not yet been prepared",
          "text": "Ozols saprata, ka ilgāk nedrīkst vilcināties, jāatklāj sapulce, kaut arī reģistrācija vēl nebija sagatavota",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "can; to be possible, desirable"
      ],
      "id": "en-drīkstēt-lv-verb-~tsRkJQT",
      "links": [
        [
          "can",
          "can"
        ],
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "possible",
          "possible"
        ],
        [
          "desirable",
          "desirable"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 30 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 17 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 9 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 31 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 31 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "would he have time (lit. could he be disturbed) to be visited to talk it over?",
          "text": "vai drīkstētu viņu traucēt, ieiet izrunāties?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "by himself Bite wasn't a big talker, and he was trained in such a way that in the presence of his wife and daughter he dared only agree",
          "text": "arī pats Bite nebija nekāds runātājs, bet tā iedresēts, ka sievas un meitas klātbūtnē drīkstēja tikai piebalsot",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dare, to encourage oneself (to do something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-drīkstēt-lv-verb-ssTWYQJ0",
      "links": [
        [
          "dare",
          "dare"
        ],
        [
          "encourage",
          "encourage"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[dɾìːkstɛ̂ːt]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-drīkstēt.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Lv-riga-dr%C4%ABkst%C4%93t.ogg/Lv-riga-dr%C4%ABkst%C4%93t.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Lv-riga-dr%C4%ABkst%C4%93t.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drīkstēt"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian terms with audio links",
    "Latvian terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Latvian third conjugation verbs",
    "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
    "Latvian transitive verbs",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Latvian verbs",
    "Latvian words with broken intonation",
    "Latvian words with falling intonation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "uzdrīkstēt"
    },
    {
      "word": "uzdrīkstēties"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "drīstēt"
      },
      "expansion": "drīstēt",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*drīst"
      },
      "expansion": "*drīst",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*drīs-"
      },
      "expansion": "*drīs-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*drins-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *drins-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰr̥ns-"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰr̥ns-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰers-"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰers-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰres-"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰres-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰros-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to dare, to be brave, to attack"
      },
      "expansion": "*dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "drošs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "brave, safe, sure"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian drošs (“brave, safe, sure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "drįsti",
        "3": "drį̃sti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian drį̃sti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "धृष्णोति",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be brave, to be courageous, to dare",
        "tr": "dhṛṣṇóti"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to be brave, to be courageous, to dare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From an earlier drīstēt (still dialectally attested) with an epenthetic k, the intensive form of an older verb *drīst, from a stem *drīs-, from Proto-Baltic *drins-, from the (nasalized) zero grade form *dʰr̥ns- of the Proto-Indo-European stem *dʰers-, *dʰres-, *dʰros- (“to dare, to be brave, to attack”) (whence also Latvian drošs (“brave, safe, sure”), q.v.). Cognates include Lithuanian drį̃sti, Sanskrit धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti, “to be brave, to be courageous, to dare”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstu",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīksti",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkst",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēju",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīksti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīksti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstējām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstējāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai drīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "participle-1",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot drīkstējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-2",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-3",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai drīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "participle-4",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstētu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu drīkstējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jādrīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jādrīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jādrīkst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-1",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nedrīkstēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jādrīkstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-2",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drīkstēšana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "drīkstēju",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "transitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "3rd conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "drīkstēt"
      },
      "expansion": "drīkstēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst, past drīkstēju)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "3rd",
        "3": "drīkst",
        "4": "ē"
      },
      "expansion": "drīkstēt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present drīkstu, drīksti, drīkst, past drīkstēju)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drīkst",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "3rd"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drīkst",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "inf": "",
        "irr1": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem1": "drīkst",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-3"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drīkstu",
        "10": "drīkstējāt",
        "11": "drīkstēšu",
        "12": "drīkstēsi",
        "13": "drīkstēs",
        "14": "drīkstēsim",
        "15": "drīkstēsiet,\ndrīkstēsit",
        "16": "drīksti",
        "17": "drīkstiet",
        "18": "drīkstot",
        "19": "drīkstēšot",
        "2": "drīksti",
        "20": "drīkstētu",
        "21": "jādrīkst",
        "22": "jādrīkstot",
        "23": "drīkstošs",
        "24": "drīkstēdams",
        "25": "drīkstot",
        "26": "drīkstam",
        "27": "drīkstējis",
        "28": "drīkstams",
        "29": "drīkstēts",
        "3": "drīkst",
        "30": "drīkstēšana",
        "4": "drīkstam",
        "5": "drīkstat",
        "6": "drīkstēju",
        "7": "drīkstēji",
        "8": "drīkstēja",
        "9": "drīkstējām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "may I come in?",
          "text": "vai drīkstu ienākt?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "are you allowed to go swimming?",
          "text": "vai tu drīksti iet peldēt?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "you may not, are not allowed to do that",
          "text": "tu nedrīksti to darīt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the patient is not allowed to get up yet",
          "text": "slimnieks vēl nedrīkst celties",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "either I was allowed, had the right to cut (down) those trees, and then I don't have to pay anything, or then I was not allowed, didn't have the right to cut (them), and then I am a thief?",
          "text": "vai nu es drīkstēju tos kokus cirst, un tad man nekas nav jāmaksā, vai es viņus nedrīkstēju cirst, un tad es esmu zaglis?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "may; be allowed, authorized, have the right (to do something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "may",
          "may"
        ],
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "allow",
          "allow"
        ],
        [
          "authorize",
          "authorize"
        ],
        [
          "have",
          "have"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "you are already a grownup, so I think that I now may, am allowed to retell it (= tell that story again)",
          "text": "tu esi jau pieaudzis, tāpēc es domāju, ka drīkstu to atstāstīt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Ozols understood that he could not hesitate any longer, it was necessary to open the meeting, even though the registration had not yet been prepared",
          "text": "Ozols saprata, ka ilgāk nedrīkst vilcināties, jāatklāj sapulce, kaut arī reģistrācija vēl nebija sagatavota",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "can; to be possible, desirable"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "can",
          "can"
        ],
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "possible",
          "possible"
        ],
        [
          "desirable",
          "desirable"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "would he have time (lit. could he be disturbed) to be visited to talk it over?",
          "text": "vai drīkstētu viņu traucēt, ieiet izrunāties?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "by himself Bite wasn't a big talker, and he was trained in such a way that in the presence of his wife and daughter he dared only agree",
          "text": "arī pats Bite nebija nekāds runātājs, bet tā iedresēts, ka sievas un meitas klātbūtnē drīkstēja tikai piebalsot",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to dare, to encourage oneself (to do something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dare",
          "dare"
        ],
        [
          "encourage",
          "encourage"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[dɾìːkstɛ̂ːt]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-drīkstēt.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/94/Lv-riga-dr%C4%ABkst%C4%93t.ogg/Lv-riga-dr%C4%ABkst%C4%93t.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Lv-riga-dr%C4%ABkst%C4%93t.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drīkstēt"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.