See es in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ēź-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*eǵ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bat-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aš"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian es",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "as"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)azъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "азъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ꙗзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "я"
},
"expansion": "Russian я (ja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "аз"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian аз (az)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "já"
},
"expansion": "Czech já",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Polish ja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ekan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ek"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ih",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "German ich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "I"
},
"expansion": "English I",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "uk"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (uk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अहम्",
"tr": "ahám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अहम् (ahám)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐγώ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ego"
},
"expansion": "Latin ego",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ӕз"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian ӕз (æz)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ (from *éǵh₂). The non-nominative forms derive from Proto-Indo-European dependent stem *me- (the a instead of e in the Baltic languages appears to result from Iranian influence): reduplicated *me-me- → *mene → Proto-Baltic genitive/accusative *mane → *manen (by analogy with other accusatives) → *manens (by analogy with other genitives) → genitive manis, while *manen → accusative mani. Dative man comes from an older *mani. Instrumental variant manim imitates the nominal i-stem paradigm. Cognates include Lithuanian aš (archaic eš), Old Prussian es, as, Sudovian as, Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ (Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ), Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian я (ja), Bulgarian аз (az), Czech já (from jaz), Polish ja (from jaz)), Proto-Germanic *ekan, *ek (Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik), Old Norse ek, Old High German ih, German ich, Old English ic, English I), Hittite [script needed] (uk), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Latin ego, Ossetian ӕз (æz).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-personal pronoun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "manis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "manim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "mani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "manī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "es",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pers",
"2": "1st",
"3": "s"
},
"expansion": "es (personal, 1st person singular)",
"name": "lv-pronoun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mani",
"3": "manis",
"4": "man",
"5": "mani",
"6": "manī",
"extrad": "manim"
},
"name": "lv-decl-personal pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I live here.",
"text": "Es te dzīvoju.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He met me on the road.",
"text": "Viņš mani sastapa ceļā.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Come to me (to my place)!",
"text": "Atnāc pie manis!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Come dance with me!",
"text": "Nāc ar mani dejot!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I don't have time. (lit. There is no time to me.)",
"text": "Man nav laika.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I; first person pronoun, referring to the speaker"
],
"id": "en-es-lv-pron-ZvRqqhfl",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "manējs"
},
{
"word": "vietniekvārds"
}
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛs]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-es.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg/Lv-riga-es.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg"
}
],
"word": "es"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ēź-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*eǵ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bat-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aš"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian es",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "as"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)azъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "азъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ꙗзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "я"
},
"expansion": "Russian я (ja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "аз"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian аз (az)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "já"
},
"expansion": "Czech já",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Polish ja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ekan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ek"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ih",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "German ich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "I"
},
"expansion": "English I",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "uk"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (uk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अहम्",
"tr": "ahám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अहम् (ahám)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐγώ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ego"
},
"expansion": "Latin ego",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ӕз"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian ӕз (æz)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ (from *éǵh₂). The non-nominative forms derive from Proto-Indo-European dependent stem *me- (the a instead of e in the Baltic languages appears to result from Iranian influence): reduplicated *me-me- → *mene → Proto-Baltic genitive/accusative *mane → *manen (by analogy with other accusatives) → *manens (by analogy with other genitives) → genitive manis, while *manen → accusative mani. Dative man comes from an older *mani. Instrumental variant manim imitates the nominal i-stem paradigm. Cognates include Lithuanian aš (archaic eš), Old Prussian es, as, Sudovian as, Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ (Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ), Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian я (ja), Bulgarian аз (az), Czech já (from jaz), Polish ja (from jaz)), Proto-Germanic *ekan, *ek (Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik), Old Norse ek, Old High German ih, German ich, Old English ic, English I), Hittite [script needed] (uk), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Latin ego, Ossetian ӕз (æz).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "es m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "es m (invariable)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "my I, my ego",
"text": "mans es",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The speaker highlighted his I, his ego.",
"text": "Runātājs izcēla savu es.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is terrible to know and feel nothing except oneself, one's I.",
"text": "Briesmīgi nezināt nekā un just tikai sevi, savu es.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A person can prove their worth, testify their “I”, only in (their) work.",
"text": "Cilvēks var pierādīt savu vērtību, apliecināt savu “es” tikai darbā.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I, ego (the essence of a person)"
],
"id": "en-es-lv-noun-dZaLgQ6L",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"ego",
"ego"
],
[
"essence",
"essence#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛs]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-es.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg/Lv-riga-es.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg"
}
],
"word": "es"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A cross-linguistically frequent way of naming this sound, and the respective letter.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "es m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "es m (invariable)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 74 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Latvian name of the Latin script letter S/s."
],
"id": "en-es-lv-noun-FBmTH~gO",
"links": [
[
"Latin script",
"Appendix:Latin script#English"
],
[
"S",
"S#Latvian"
],
[
"s",
"s#Latvian"
]
],
"related": [
{
"alt": "A",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"roman": "Ā",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ā"
},
{
"roman": "B",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "bē"
},
{
"roman": "C",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "cē"
},
{
"roman": "Č",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "čē"
},
{
"roman": "D",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "dē"
},
{
"alt": "E",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"roman": "Ē",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ē"
},
{
"alt": "F",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ef"
},
{
"roman": "G",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "gā"
},
{
"roman": "Ģ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ģē"
},
{
"roman": "H",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "hā"
},
{
"alt": "I",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"roman": "Ī",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ī"
},
{
"roman": "J",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "jē"
},
{
"roman": "K",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "kā"
},
{
"roman": "Ķ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ķē"
},
{
"alt": "L",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "el"
},
{
"roman": "Ļ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "eļ"
},
{
"alt": "M",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "em"
},
{
"alt": "N",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "en"
},
{
"roman": "Ņ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "eņ"
},
{
"alt": "O",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "o"
},
{
"roman": "P",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "pē"
},
{
"alt": "R",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "er"
},
{
"roman": "Š",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "eš"
},
{
"roman": "T",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "tē"
},
{
"alt": "U",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "u"
},
{
"roman": "Ū",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ū"
},
{
"roman": "V",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "vē"
},
{
"roman": "Z",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "zē"
},
{
"roman": "Ž",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "žē"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "es"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian indeclinable nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian personal pronouns",
"Latvian pronouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 52 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ēź-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*eǵ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bat-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aš"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian es",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "as"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)azъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "азъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ꙗзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "я"
},
"expansion": "Russian я (ja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "аз"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian аз (az)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "já"
},
"expansion": "Czech já",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Polish ja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ekan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ek"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ih",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "German ich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "I"
},
"expansion": "English I",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "uk"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (uk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अहम्",
"tr": "ahám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अहम् (ahám)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐγώ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ego"
},
"expansion": "Latin ego",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ӕз"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian ӕз (æz)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ (from *éǵh₂). The non-nominative forms derive from Proto-Indo-European dependent stem *me- (the a instead of e in the Baltic languages appears to result from Iranian influence): reduplicated *me-me- → *mene → Proto-Baltic genitive/accusative *mane → *manen (by analogy with other accusatives) → *manens (by analogy with other genitives) → genitive manis, while *manen → accusative mani. Dative man comes from an older *mani. Instrumental variant manim imitates the nominal i-stem paradigm. Cognates include Lithuanian aš (archaic eš), Old Prussian es, as, Sudovian as, Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ (Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ), Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian я (ja), Bulgarian аз (az), Czech já (from jaz), Polish ja (from jaz)), Proto-Germanic *ekan, *ek (Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik), Old Norse ek, Old High German ih, German ich, Old English ic, English I), Hittite [script needed] (uk), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Latin ego, Ossetian ӕз (æz).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-personal pronoun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "mani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "manis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "man",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "manim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "mani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "manī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "es",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pers",
"2": "1st",
"3": "s"
},
"expansion": "es (personal, 1st person singular)",
"name": "lv-pronoun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mani",
"3": "manis",
"4": "man",
"5": "mani",
"6": "manī",
"extrad": "manim"
},
"name": "lv-decl-personal pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "manējs"
},
{
"word": "vietniekvārds"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I live here.",
"text": "Es te dzīvoju.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "He met me on the road.",
"text": "Viņš mani sastapa ceļā.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Come to me (to my place)!",
"text": "Atnāc pie manis!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Come dance with me!",
"text": "Nāc ar mani dejot!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I don't have time. (lit. There is no time to me.)",
"text": "Man nav laika.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I; first person pronoun, referring to the speaker"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛs]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-es.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg/Lv-riga-es.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg"
}
],
"word": "es"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian indeclinable nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian personal pronouns",
"Latvian pronouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages with 52 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Hittite terms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*ēź-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*eǵ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eǵ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bat-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Baltic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "aš"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian aš",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "es"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian es",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "as"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian as",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*(j)azъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "азъ"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "ꙗзъ"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "я"
},
"expansion": "Russian я (ja)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "аз"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian аз (az)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "já"
},
"expansion": "Czech já",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Polish ja",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ekan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ekan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌹𐌺"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ek"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse ek",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ih"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ih",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ich"
},
"expansion": "German ich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ic",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "I"
},
"expansion": "English I",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"tr": "uk"
},
"expansion": "Hittite [script needed] (uk)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अहम्",
"tr": "ahám"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अहम् (ahám)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἐγώ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ego"
},
"expansion": "Latin ego",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ӕз"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian ӕз (æz)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *eǵ (from *éǵh₂). The non-nominative forms derive from Proto-Indo-European dependent stem *me- (the a instead of e in the Baltic languages appears to result from Iranian influence): reduplicated *me-me- → *mene → Proto-Baltic genitive/accusative *mane → *manen (by analogy with other accusatives) → *manens (by analogy with other genitives) → genitive manis, while *manen → accusative mani. Dative man comes from an older *mani. Instrumental variant manim imitates the nominal i-stem paradigm. Cognates include Lithuanian aš (archaic eš), Old Prussian es, as, Sudovian as, Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ (Old Church Slavonic азъ (azŭ), Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian я (ja), Bulgarian аз (az), Czech já (from jaz), Polish ja (from jaz)), Proto-Germanic *ekan, *ek (Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik), Old Norse ek, Old High German ih, German ich, Old English ic, English I), Hittite [script needed] (uk), Sanskrit अहम् (ahám), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬆𐬨 (azəm), Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Latin ego, Ossetian ӕз (æz).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "es m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "es m (invariable)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "my I, my ego",
"text": "mans es",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The speaker highlighted his I, his ego.",
"text": "Runātājs izcēla savu es.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "It is terrible to know and feel nothing except oneself, one's I.",
"text": "Briesmīgi nezināt nekā un just tikai sevi, savu es.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A person can prove their worth, testify their “I”, only in (their) work.",
"text": "Cilvēks var pierādīt savu vērtību, apliecināt savu “es” tikai darbā.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I, ego (the essence of a person)"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"ego",
"ego"
],
[
"essence",
"essence#English"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɛs]"
},
{
"audio": "lv-riga-es.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg/Lv-riga-es.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Lv-riga-es.ogg"
}
],
"word": "es"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian indeclinable nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Pages with 52 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "A cross-linguistically frequent way of naming this sound, and the respective letter.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "es m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "es m (invariable)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"alt": "A",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"roman": "Ā",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ā"
},
{
"roman": "B",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "bē"
},
{
"roman": "C",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "cē"
},
{
"roman": "Č",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "čē"
},
{
"roman": "D",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "dē"
},
{
"alt": "E",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "e"
},
{
"roman": "Ē",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ē"
},
{
"alt": "F",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ef"
},
{
"roman": "G",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "gā"
},
{
"roman": "Ģ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ģē"
},
{
"roman": "H",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "hā"
},
{
"alt": "I",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "i"
},
{
"roman": "Ī",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ī"
},
{
"roman": "J",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "jē"
},
{
"roman": "K",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "kā"
},
{
"roman": "Ķ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "ķē"
},
{
"alt": "L",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "el"
},
{
"roman": "Ļ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "eļ"
},
{
"alt": "M",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "em"
},
{
"alt": "N",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "en"
},
{
"roman": "Ņ",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "eņ"
},
{
"alt": "O",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "o"
},
{
"roman": "P",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "pē"
},
{
"alt": "R",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "er"
},
{
"roman": "Š",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "eš"
},
{
"roman": "T",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "tē"
},
{
"alt": "U",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "u"
},
{
"roman": "Ū",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "garais ū"
},
{
"roman": "V",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "vē"
},
{
"roman": "Z",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "zē"
},
{
"roman": "Ž",
"tags": [
"Latvian",
"letter-name"
],
"word": "žē"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The Latvian name of the Latin script letter S/s."
],
"links": [
[
"Latin script",
"Appendix:Latin script#English"
],
[
"S",
"S#Latvian"
],
[
"s",
"s#Latvian"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "es"
}
Download raw JSONL data for es meaning in Latvian (14.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (b941637 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.