"堪える" meaning in Japanese

See 堪える in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [ko̞ta̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]
Head templates: {{ja-verb|こたえる|tr=intransitive|type=2}} 堪(こた)える • (kotaeru) intransitive ichidan (stem 堪(こた)え (kotae), past 堪(こた)えた (kotaeta)) Forms: 堪える [canonical] (ruby: 堪(こた)), kotaeru [romanization], 堪え [stem] (ruby: 堪(こた)), 堪えた [past] (ruby: 堪(こた)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 堪え [error-unrecognized-form], こたえ [error-unrecognized-form], kotae [error-unrecognized-form], 堪える [error-unrecognized-form], こたえる [error-unrecognized-form], kotaeru [error-unrecognized-form], 堪えれ [error-unrecognized-form], こたえれ [error-unrecognized-form], kotaere [error-unrecognized-form], 堪えよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], 堪えろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], こたえよ [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], こたえろ [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], kotaeyo [error-unrecognized-form, imperative, literary], kotaero [colloquial, error-unrecognized-form, imperative], 堪えられる [passive], こたえられる [passive], kotaerareru [passive], 堪えさせる [causative], 堪えさす [causative], こたえさせる [causative], こたえさす [causative], kotaesaseru [causative], kotaesasu [causative], 堪えられる [potential], 堪えれる [colloquial, potential], こたえられる [potential], こたえれる [colloquial, potential], kotaerareru [potential], kotaereru [colloquial, potential], 堪えよう [volitional], こたえよう [volitional], kotaeyō [volitional], 堪えない [negative], 堪えぬ [negative], 堪えん [negative], こたえない [negative], こたえぬ [negative], こたえん [negative], kotaenai [negative], kotaenu [negative], kotaen [negative], 堪えず [continuative, negative], こたえず [continuative, negative], kotaezu [continuative, negative], 堪えます [formal], こたえます [formal], kotaemasu [formal], 堪えた [perfective], こたえた [perfective], kotaeta [perfective], 堪えて [conjunctive], こたえて [conjunctive], kotaete [conjunctive], 堪えれば [conditional, hypothetical], こたえれば [conditional, hypothetical], kotaereba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to endure, to withstand Synonyms: 耐える, 我慢, こらえる
    Sense id: en-堪える-ja-verb-O4yuYGrO Categories (other): Japanese terms with multiple readings Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 11 42 47
  2. Fixed expression: 堪えられない: irresistable, really good
    Sense id: en-堪える-ja-verb-prn-s410 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 6 48 45 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 8 44 49 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 11 42 47 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 8 43 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 7 43 50
  3. Fixed expression: 持ち堪える: to hang on, to withstand, to endure, to hold up
    Sense id: en-堪える-ja-verb-L29OADrU Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 6 48 45 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 10 40 50 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 8 44 49 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 11 42 47 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 8 43 50 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 7 43 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Download JSON data for 堪える meaning in Japanese (9.1kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "堪える",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "堪",
          "こた"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪え",
      "roman": "kotae",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "堪",
          "こた"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えた",
      "roman": "kotaeta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "堪",
          "こた"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-ichi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪え",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪える",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaesaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaesasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaereru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaenai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaemasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaereba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "こたえる",
        "tr": "intransitive",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "堪(こた)える • (kotaeru) intransitive ichidan (stem 堪(こた)え (kotae), past 堪(こた)えた (kotaeta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 42 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to endure the failure",
          "roman": "shippai ga mi ni kotaeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "失敗",
              "しっぱい"
            ],
            [
              "身",
              "み"
            ],
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "失敗が身に堪える"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to endure, to withstand"
      ],
      "id": "en-堪える-ja-verb-O4yuYGrO",
      "links": [
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "耐える"
        },
        {
          "word": "我慢"
        },
        {
          "word": "こらえる"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 48 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 44 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 42 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 43 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 43 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the heat I can't endure",
          "roman": "kotaerarenai atsusa",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ],
            [
              "暑",
              "あつ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "堪えられない暑さ"
        },
        {
          "english": "it's so interesting that I can't resist",
          "roman": "omoshirokute kotaerarenai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "面白",
              "おもしろ"
            ],
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "面白くて堪えられない"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fixed expression: 堪えられない: irresistable, really good"
      ],
      "id": "en-堪える-ja-verb-prn-s410",
      "links": [
        [
          "堪えられない",
          "堪えられない#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "irresistable",
          "irresistable"
        ],
        [
          "really",
          "really"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 48 45",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 40 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 44 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 42 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 43 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 43 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to hold up until the end",
          "roman": "saigo made mochikotaeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "最後",
              "さいご"
            ],
            [
              "持",
              "も"
            ],
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "最後まで持ち堪える"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fixed expression: 持ち堪える: to hang on, to withstand, to endure, to hold up"
      ],
      "id": "en-堪える-ja-verb-L29OADrU",
      "links": [
        [
          "持ち堪える",
          "持ち堪える#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "hang on",
          "hang on"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ],
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ],
        [
          "hold up",
          "hold up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "こたえる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ko̞ta̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "堪える"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese type 2 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "たえる"
  ],
  "word": "堪える"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese type 2 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "こらえる"
  ],
  "word": "堪える"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese intransitive verbs",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese type 2 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "堪える",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "堪",
          "こた"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪え",
      "roman": "kotae",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "堪",
          "こた"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えた",
      "roman": "kotaeta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "堪",
          "こた"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-ichi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪え",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotae",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪える",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえれ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaere",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえよ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえろ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeyo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaero",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえさせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえさす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaesaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaesasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaerareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaereru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえよう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeyō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえん",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaenai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaenu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaezu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaemasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえた",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえて",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "堪えれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "こたえれば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kotaereba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "こたえる",
        "tr": "intransitive",
        "type": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "堪(こた)える • (kotaeru) intransitive ichidan (stem 堪(こた)え (kotae), past 堪(こた)えた (kotaeta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to endure the failure",
          "roman": "shippai ga mi ni kotaeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "失敗",
              "しっぱい"
            ],
            [
              "身",
              "み"
            ],
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "失敗が身に堪える"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to endure, to withstand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "耐える"
        },
        {
          "word": "我慢"
        },
        {
          "word": "こらえる"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the heat I can't endure",
          "roman": "kotaerarenai atsusa",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ],
            [
              "暑",
              "あつ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "堪えられない暑さ"
        },
        {
          "english": "it's so interesting that I can't resist",
          "roman": "omoshirokute kotaerarenai",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "面白",
              "おもしろ"
            ],
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "面白くて堪えられない"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fixed expression: 堪えられない: irresistable, really good"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "堪えられない",
          "堪えられない#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "irresistable",
          "irresistable"
        ],
        [
          "really",
          "really"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to hold up until the end",
          "roman": "saigo made mochikotaeru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "最後",
              "さいご"
            ],
            [
              "持",
              "も"
            ],
            [
              "堪",
              "こた"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "最後まで持ち堪える"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Fixed expression: 持ち堪える: to hang on, to withstand, to endure, to hold up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "持ち堪える",
          "持ち堪える#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "hang on",
          "hang on"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ],
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ],
        [
          "hold up",
          "hold up"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "こたえる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ko̞ta̠e̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "堪える"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.