See pa- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂epó",
"4": "",
"5": "off, away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "from, out of, by",
"tr": "apa"
},
"expansion": "Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀπό",
"3": "",
"4": "away, off"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अप"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अप (apa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Albanian *apa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Cognate to Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”),[1] Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”), Sanskrit अप (apa).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A negating prefix; un-, in-"
],
"id": "en-pa--sq-prefix-9lhjUhnm",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"in-",
"in-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bem",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bem",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bem",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bemba",
"lang_code": "bem",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bemba entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-pa--bem-prefix-6q2YLPOZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
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"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pá-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pá-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pá-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pá-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pá-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chichewa subject concords",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 subject concord."
],
"id": "en-pa--ny-prefix-SVN2ZufQ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
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"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
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"pos": "",
"sc": "",
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"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix"
],
"id": "en-pa--ny-prefix-teKej7pJ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pakobylka"
},
{
"word": "paroží"
},
{
"word": "patvar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pseudo-"
],
"id": "en-pa--cs-prefix--UZcLjBl",
"links": [
[
"pseudo-",
"pseudo-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pseudo-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pa ]"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pā-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of pā-"
],
"id": "en-pa--haw-prefix-NmETU1xQ",
"links": [
[
"pā-",
"pā-#Hawaiian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lakota",
"lang_code": "lkt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lakota entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a dynamic verb from the attached stative verb"
],
"id": "en-pa--lkt-prefix-d~H617eU",
"links": [
[
"dynamic verb",
"dynamic verb#English"
],
[
"stative verb",
"stative verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lakota entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "paksá, papȟópa, pak'éǧa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a dynamic verb from the attached stative verb",
"to have pressure applied; to be modified by force (i.e. by pushing or squeezing)"
],
"id": "en-pa--lkt-prefix-r6sYAmFf",
"links": [
[
"dynamic verb",
"dynamic verb#English"
],
[
"stative verb",
"stative verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lai",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lai",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lai",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lambya",
"lang_code": "lai",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lambya entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-pa--lai-prefix-6q2YLPOZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "lv-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under' or 'for a short time' (like Lithuanian pa- or Russian по- (po-))."
],
"id": "en-pa--lv-prefix-dmkrmTeN",
"links": [
[
"pa-",
"pa-#Lithuanian"
],
[
"по-",
"по-#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*pa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂pó",
"t": "off, away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*po",
"t": "after, by"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”); see there for more.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes an action's movement under something; under-"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-xCwq-J77",
"links": [
[
"under-",
"under-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs expressing movement) Describes an action's movement under something; under-"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs expressing movement"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes a briefly lasting action"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-QOSG2F-j",
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes a briefly lasting action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes an action's smallness"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-~goNJrki",
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes an action's smallness"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 13 10 10 10 0 0 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes the ability or means to do something"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-HQ9FR-~O",
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes the ability or means to do something"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes a meaning specific to the verb"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-hoNOGDlw",
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes a meaning specific to the verb"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes a place or thing that is under or near to"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-98kvJRRX",
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with nouns) Describes a place or thing that is under or near to"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 7 3 3 2 3 2 3 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 14 16 14 14 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes approximate time"
],
"id": "en-pa--lt-prefix-PiA4DKTw",
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with nouns) Describes approximate time"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[paː]"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *pa-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"causative prefix"
],
"id": "en-pa--mak-prefix-VQXfdeDw",
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"prefix"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhq",
"2": "sio-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Siouan *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "pa-"
},
"expansion": "Lakota pa-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Siouan *pa-. Compare Lakota pa-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mandan",
"lang_code": "mhq",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Instrumental prefix: by pushing; appears often in verbs relating to use of a cutting instrument."
],
"id": "en-pa--mhq-prefix-WPswY~CA",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mgv",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mgv",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mgv",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Matengo",
"lang_code": "mgv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Matengo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-pa--mgv-prefix-6q2YLPOZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhw",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mbukushu",
"lang_code": "mhw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mbukushu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-pa--mhw-prefix-6q2YLPOZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*pa-<id:later>",
"id": "prefix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pa-\nPolish pa-",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pa-\nPolish pa-\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa-"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pa",
""
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Przemyśl Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pa- + łęk → pałąk",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words"
],
"id": "en-pa--pl-prefix-aZJob1fQ",
"raw_glosses": [
"(not productive or dialectal, Przemyśl) affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shona",
"lang_code": "sn",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Shona entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"id": "en-pa--sn-prefix-6q2YLPOZ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Slovak entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pseudo-"
],
"id": "en-pa--sk-prefix--UZcLjBl",
"links": [
[
"pseudo-",
"pseudo-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pa- -an"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pating-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*pa-",
"4": "",
"5": "causative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa- (“causative prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*pa-",
"4": "",
"5": "causative prefix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *pa- (“causative prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa- (“causative prefix”), from Proto-Austronesian *pa- (“causative prefix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pang-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "su",
"2": "pref"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sundanese",
"lang_code": "su",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 28 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pa- + ambung → pangambung (“nose”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming suffix",
"noun-forming suffix denoting a tool/instrument"
],
"id": "en-pa--su-prefix-odGsADSx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 28 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pa- + mayang → pamayang (“fisher”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming suffix",
"noun-forming suffix denoting an actor"
],
"id": "en-pa--su-prefix-8Oy2XTMW",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 28 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pa- + parin → paparin (“gift”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming suffix",
"noun-forming suffix denoting a patient"
],
"id": "en-pa--su-prefix-DBmfbZZQ",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 28 27 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sundanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pa- + béntar (“lightning bolt”) → pabéntar (“to disagree with each other”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pa- + anggang → paanggang (“to be separated from each other”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pa- + amprok → paamprok (“to meet each other”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pa- + beulit → pabeulit (“entangled”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb or adjective-forming prefix indicating an action done to another at the same time (reciprocal construction)"
],
"id": "en-pa--su-prefix-kb3od3BN",
"links": [
[
"reciprocal",
"reciprocal#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Bantu *pà-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 3 3 3 2 6 3 2 2 3 2 3 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 21 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "54 46",
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{
"_dis1": "54 46",
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{
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"expansion": "Lithuanian po-",
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],
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[
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"reconstruction"
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}
],
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{
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],
"lang": "East Formosan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Saisiyat",
"lang_code": "xsy",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Rukai",
"lang_code": "dru-pro",
"word": "*pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Puyuma",
"lang_code": "pyu",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Paiwan",
"lang_code": "pwn",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"word": "*pa-"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Austronesian",
"lang_code": "map-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/pa-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Austronesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"causative prefix"
],
"id": "en-pa--map-pro-prefix-VQXfdeDw",
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative"
]
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"prefix",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Enets",
"lang_code": "enf",
"roman": "pjaš'",
"word": "пяҫь"
},
{
"lang": "Tundra Enets",
"lang_code": "enh",
"roman": "peše",
"word": "пеше"
}
],
"lang": "Enets",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Nenets",
"lang_code": "syd-fne",
"roman": "pyaš",
"word": "пяш"
},
{
"lang": "Tundra Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk",
"roman": "pyasʹ°",
"word": "пясь"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Koibal",
"lang_code": "zkb",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
}
],
"lang": "Kamassian",
"lang_code": "xas",
"roman": "pʰaźət",
"word": "пхазьәт"
},
{
"lang": "Mator",
"lang_code": "mtm",
"roman": "hä-",
"word": "хӓ-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/pa-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 0 27 23 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 17 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start, begin"
],
"id": "en-pa--syd-pro-verb-Sto7oiUP",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"qualifier": "North Samoyedic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(North Samoyedic) to start, begin"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 17 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do, make"
],
"id": "en-pa--syd-pro-verb-k5eib9sg",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"make",
"make"
]
],
"qualifier": "South Samoyedic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Samoyedic) to do, make"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 0 27 23 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 17 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be able to"
],
"id": "en-pa--syd-pro-verb-rQQtiMKr",
"links": [
[
"able",
"able"
]
],
"qualifier": "South Samoyedic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Samoyedic) to be able to"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂epó",
"4": "",
"5": "off, away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cms",
"2": "",
"3": "",
"4": "from, out of, by",
"tr": "apa"
},
"expansion": "Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀπό",
"3": "",
"4": "away, off"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "अप"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अप (apa)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Albanian *apa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Cognate to Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”),[1] Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”), Sanskrit अप (apa).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian prefixes",
"Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Messapic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A negating prefix; un-, in-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"in-",
"in-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bem",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bem",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bem",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Bemba",
"lang_code": "bem",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bemba entries with incorrect language header",
"Bemba lemmas",
"Bemba noun prefixes",
"Bemba prefixes",
"Bemba terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Bemba terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"Chichewa lemmas",
"Chichewa noun prefixes",
"Chichewa prefixes",
"Chichewa subject concords",
"Chichewa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Chichewa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Chichewa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pá-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pá-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pá-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pá-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pá-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "subject concords"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 16 subject concord."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"Chichewa lemmas",
"Chichewa noun prefixes",
"Chichewa prefixes",
"Chichewa terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Chichewa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Chichewa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ny",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "pakobylka"
},
{
"word": "paroží"
},
{
"word": "patvar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech prefixes",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"pseudo-"
],
"links": [
[
"pseudo-",
"pseudo-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pseudo-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pa ]"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "pā-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Hawaiian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hawaiian lemmas",
"Hawaiian prefixes",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative spelling of pā-"
],
"links": [
[
"pā-",
"pā-#Hawaiian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Lakota entries with incorrect language header",
"Lakota lemmas",
"Lakota prefixes",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lakota",
"lang_code": "lkt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms a dynamic verb from the attached stative verb"
],
"links": [
[
"dynamic verb",
"dynamic verb#English"
],
[
"stative verb",
"stative verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "paksá, papȟópa, pak'éǧa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms a dynamic verb from the attached stative verb",
"to have pressure applied; to be modified by force (i.e. by pushing or squeezing)"
],
"links": [
[
"dynamic verb",
"dynamic verb#English"
],
[
"stative verb",
"stative verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lai",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lai",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lai",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lambya",
"lang_code": "lai",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lambya entries with incorrect language header",
"Lambya lemmas",
"Lambya noun prefixes",
"Lambya prefixes",
"Lambya terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Lambya terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "lv-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian prefixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Usually found on verbs (and their derived nouns or adjectives) with the meaning 'under' or 'for a short time' (like Lithuanian pa- or Russian по- (po-))."
],
"links": [
[
"pa-",
"pa-#Lithuanian"
],
[
"по-",
"по-#Russian"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Lithuanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lithuanian lemmas",
"Lithuanian prefixes",
"Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Lithuanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Lithuanian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*pa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂pó",
"t": "off, away"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*po",
"t": "after, by"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó (“off, away”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *po (“after, by”); see there for more.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes an action's movement under something; under-"
],
"links": [
[
"under-",
"under-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs expressing movement) Describes an action's movement under something; under-"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs expressing movement"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes a briefly lasting action"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes a briefly lasting action"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes an action's smallness"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes an action's smallness"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes the ability or means to do something"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes the ability or means to do something"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes a meaning specific to the verb"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with verbs) Describes a meaning specific to the verb"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes a place or thing that is under or near to"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with nouns) Describes a place or thing that is under or near to"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"Describes approximate time"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Comes along with po 'after', e.g. Grybšt pa-grybšt - grybšnis po grybšnio, bearing meanings 'after', 'definite', 'slight':",
"(with nouns) Describes approximate time"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[paː]"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "map-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *pa-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pa-, from Proto-Austronesian *pa-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mak",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Makasar",
"lang_code": "mak",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Makasar entries with incorrect language header",
"Makasar lemmas",
"Makasar prefixes",
"Makasar terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
"Makasar terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Makasar terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
"Makasar terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"causative prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"prefix"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhq",
"2": "sio-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Siouan *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lkt",
"2": "pa-"
},
"expansion": "Lakota pa-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Siouan *pa-. Compare Lakota pa-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhq",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mandan",
"lang_code": "mhq",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandan entries with incorrect language header",
"Mandan lemmas",
"Mandan prefixes",
"Mandan terms derived from Proto-Siouan",
"Mandan terms inherited from Proto-Siouan",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Instrumental prefix: by pushing; appears often in verbs relating to use of a cutting instrument."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mgv",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mgv",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mgv",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Matengo",
"lang_code": "mgv",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Matengo entries with incorrect language header",
"Matengo lemmas",
"Matengo noun prefixes",
"Matengo prefixes",
"Matengo terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Matengo terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhw",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhw",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mbukushu",
"lang_code": "mhw",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mbukushu entries with incorrect language header",
"Mbukushu lemmas",
"Mbukushu noun prefixes",
"Mbukushu prefixes",
"Mbukushu terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Mbukushu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*pa-<id:later>",
"id": "prefix",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pa-\nPolish pa-",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*pa-"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pa-\nPolish pa-\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pa-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pa-"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pa",
""
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish dialectal terms",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Przemyśl Polish",
"Rhymes:Polish/a",
"Rhymes:Polish/a/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pa- + łęk → pałąk",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(not productive or dialectal, Przemyśl) affects the definition in various ways, mostly seen in inherited or borrowed words"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Amis",
"lang_code": "ami",
"word": "pa-"
}
],
"lang": "Amis",
"lang_code": "ami"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Kavalan",
"lang_code": "ckv",
"word": "pa-"
}
],
"lang": "Kavalanic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "East Formosan",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Saisiyat",
"lang_code": "xsy",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Rukai",
"lang_code": "dru-pro",
"word": "*pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Puyuma",
"lang_code": "pyu",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Paiwan",
"lang_code": "pwn",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pro",
"word": "*pa-"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Austronesian",
"lang_code": "map-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/pa-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Austronesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Austronesian lemmas",
"Proto-Austronesian prefixes"
],
"glosses": [
"causative prefix"
],
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative"
]
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"prefix",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samoyedic lemmas",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Samoyedic verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Enets",
"lang_code": "enf",
"roman": "pjaš'",
"word": "пяҫь"
},
{
"lang": "Tundra Enets",
"lang_code": "enh",
"roman": "peše",
"word": "пеше"
}
],
"lang": "Enets",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Nenets",
"lang_code": "syd-fne",
"roman": "pyaš",
"word": "пяш"
},
{
"lang": "Tundra Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk",
"roman": "pyasʹ°",
"word": "пясь"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Koibal",
"lang_code": "zkb",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
}
],
"lang": "Kamassian",
"lang_code": "xas",
"roman": "pʰaźət",
"word": "пхазьәт"
},
{
"lang": "Mator",
"lang_code": "mtm",
"roman": "hä-",
"word": "хӓ-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/pa-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to start, begin"
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"begin",
"begin"
]
],
"qualifier": "North Samoyedic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(North Samoyedic) to start, begin"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to do, make"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"make",
"make"
]
],
"qualifier": "South Samoyedic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Samoyedic) to do, make"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be able to"
],
"links": [
[
"able",
"able"
]
],
"qualifier": "South Samoyedic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Samoyedic) to be able to"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic prefixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Belarusian",
"lang_code": "be",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
},
{
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
}
],
"lang": "East Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
"lang_code": "cu",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
},
{
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
},
{
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "pa-",
"word": "па-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Cyrillic script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "па-"
},
{
"lang": "Latin script",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "pa-"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh"
},
{
"lang": "Slovene",
"lang_code": "sl",
"word": "pa-"
}
],
"lang": "South Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"word": "pa-"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"word": "pa-"
}
],
"lang": "Sorbian",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"lang": "West Slavic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"id": "later"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "po-"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian po-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Lithuanian po-.\nAccording to Rejzek (2006) the original meaning was \"later, secondary\" since the primary evidence for the Slavic words for step-children (*pasynъkъ, *padъťi, *pasьrbъ, *pastorъkъ) is inconclusive.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pa-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"later, secondary"
],
"links": [
[
"later",
"later"
],
[
"secondary",
"secondary"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"false, pseudo-"
],
"links": [
[
"false",
"false"
],
[
"pseudo-",
"pseudo-"
]
],
"qualifier": "Late Common-Slavic or post-Common-Slavic",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Common-Slavic or post-Common-Slavic) false, pseudo-"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "bnt-pro",
"3": "*pà-",
"4": "",
"5": "Class 16 noun prefix"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Bantu *pà- (“Class 16 noun prefix”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sn",
"2": "prefix",
"cat2": "noun prefixes"
},
"expansion": "pa-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Shona",
"lang_code": "sn",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 21 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Shona entries with incorrect language header",
"Shona lemmas",
"Shona noun prefixes",
"Shona prefixes",
"Shona terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"Shona terms inherited from Proto-Bantu"
],
"glosses": [
"Class 16 noun prefix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "pa-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
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25
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{
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"text": "numön (“to count”) → panumön (“to be counted”)"
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],
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}
],
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}
Download raw JSONL data for pa- meaning in All languages combined (40.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: not productive or dialectal, Przemyśl",
"path": [
"pa-"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "pa-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: not productive or dialectal, Przemyśl",
"path": [
"pa-"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "pa-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: there, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] subject concord",
"path": [
"pa-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "pa-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: verb-initial form of -pa- (“there, [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] object concord”)",
"path": [
"pa-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "pa-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1412",
"msg": "gloss may contain unhandled list items: contraction of pa- + -a-, literally “[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Pa locative class|pa class_((XVI))]] gnomic”",
"path": [
"pa-"
],
"section": "Swahili",
"subsection": "prefix",
"title": "pa-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.