"-nya" meaning in All languages combined

See -nya on Wiktionary

Suffix [Indonesian]

IPA: /ˈɲa/ [Standard-Indonesian], [ˈɲa] [Standard-Indonesian] Forms: -nja [alternative]
Rhymes: -a Etymology: From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na). Etymology templates: {{inh|id|ms|-nya}} Malay -nya, {{inh|id|poz-mly-pro|*ña}} Proto-Malayic *ña, {{inh|id|poz-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, {{inh|id|map-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Austronesian *ni-a, {{cog|tl|niya}} Tagalog niya, {{cog|jv|-ne}} Javanese -ne, {{cog|mad|-na}} Madurese -na Head templates: {{head|id|suffix}} -nya
  1. third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    as a possessive adjective
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-Wwe4iu5M Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2
  2. third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    as a direct or indirect object
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-ZTlGMqUC Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2
  3. third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    as an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-QPJscyGm Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2
  4. (by extension)
    (in some contexts and positions only) used to mark definiteness
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-gQW9CuTe Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2
  5. (by extension)
    used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-qkFLtWBN Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2
  6. (by extension)
    used to emphasize an adjective
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-JlP4ulU3
  7. (by extension)
    uses to nominalize an adjective
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix--tDccoQG
  8. (by extension)
    (with the passive prefix 'di-') used to nominalize a passive verb
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-mwx8QeqI
  9. (by extension)
    (sometimes colloquial in some contexts) uses to nominalize an active verb
    Tags: broadly, colloquial, morpheme, sometimes
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-HU8N0L29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: se- -nya
Related terms: aku, saya1, kami, -ku, -, ku-, kita, kamu, Anda2, kau3, kalian, Anda sekalian2, Anda semua2, -mu, dia, beliau4, ia3, mereka, diri5, diri sendiri, sendiri, This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language, The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like, The enclitics are only used obliquely (english: object or possessor), while the proclitic is only used as a subject

Particle [Kambera]

Head templates: {{head|xbr|particle}} -nya
  1. continuative aspect enclitic
    Sense id: en--nya-xbr-particle-7zzYyAxk Categories (other): Kambera pronouns Disambiguation of Kambera pronouns: 59 41 Related terms: ku-, -nggu, -ka, -ngga, mu- (alt: u-), -mu, -kau, -nggau, na-, -na, -ya, ta-, -nda, -ta, ma-, -ma, -kama, -nggama, mi- (alt: i-), -mi, -kami (alt: -kai), -nggami (alt: -nggai), da-, -da, -ha, -nja

Pronoun [Kambera]

Head templates: {{head|xbr|pronoun}} -nya
  1. third person singular dative enclitic Tags: dative, enclitic, singular, third-person
    Sense id: en--nya-xbr-pron-6ANdzFjY Categories (other): Kambera entries with incorrect language header, Kambera particles, Kambera pronominal clitics Disambiguation of Kambera entries with incorrect language header: 34 66 Disambiguation of Kambera particles: 37 63 Disambiguation of Kambera pronominal clitics: 24 76

Suffix [Malay]

IPA: /ɲə/ (note: schwa-variety), [ɲə] (note: schwa-variety), /ɲa/ [Baku], [ɲa] [Baku] Forms: -ڽا [Jawi], -nye [alternative, pronunciation-spelling], -nyo [alternative, pronunciation-spelling]
Etymology: From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a. Compare Tagalog niya. Etymology templates: {{inh|ms|poz-mly-pro|*ña}} Proto-Malayic *ña, {{inh|ms|poz-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, {{inh|ms|map-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Austronesian *ni-a, {{cog|tl|niya}} Tagalog niya Head templates: {{head|ms|suffix|Jawi spelling|-ڽا}} -nya (Jawi spelling -ڽا)
  1. Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    As a possessive adjective.
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-5I94Jy9D Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5
  2. Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    As a direct or indirect object
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-moZClZbl Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5
  3. Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below).
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-FQUOWPD2 Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5
  4. (by extension)
    (in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-OYJIS4lH Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5
  5. (by extension)
    Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-TXui7v2j Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2 Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5
  6. (by extension)
    Used to emphasize an adjective.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-BG0xboey
  7. (by extension)
    Used to nominalize an adjective.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-M4G-EWya
  8. (by extension)
    (with the passive prefix 'di-') Used to nominalize a passive verb.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-wA~bVueg
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: se- -nya
Related terms: -ku, -mu, nya, saya, ساي aku, اکو, ku- (english: informal/towards God) [dated, poetic, possessive], كوـ -ku (english: informal/towards God) [dated, poetic, possessive], ـكو hamba (english: informal/towards God) [dated, poetic, possessive], همبا daku (english: informal/towards God) [dated, poetic, possessive], داکو (english: informal/towards God) [dated, poetic, possessive], kami [exclusive, inclusive, informal], کامي kita orang [exclusive, inclusive, informal], كيت اورڠ kita [exclusive, inclusive, informal], کيت [exclusive, inclusive, informal], beta, بيتا, kamu, کامو, engkau, اڠکاو, kau- (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], كاوـ kau (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], كاو awak (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], اوق anda (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], اندا awda (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], اءودا -mu (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], ـمو dikau (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], ديکاو (english: informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [Brunei, formal, informal, poetic, possessive], anda semua [archaic, formal, informal], اندا سموا awak semua [archaic, formal, informal], اوق سموا kamu semua [archaic, formal, informal], كامو سموا kalian [archaic, formal, informal], کالين kau orang [archaic, formal, informal], كاو اورڠ [archaic, formal, informal], tuanku, توانكو, dia [honorific, possessive], دي ia [honorific, possessive], اي beliau [honorific, possessive], بلياو -nya [honorific, possessive], ـڽ [honorific, possessive], mereka [informal], مريک dia orang [informal], دي اورڠ [informal], baginda, بݢيندا

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "-nya"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay -nya",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "niya"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog niya",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "2": "-ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Javanese -ne",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mad",
        "2": "-na"
      },
      "expansion": "Madurese -na",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-nja",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "-nya"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "",
        "nya"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "aku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "saya1"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "kita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "Anda2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "kau3"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "kalian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "Anda sekalian2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "Anda semua2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "beliau4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "ia3"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "diri5"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "diri sendiri"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "sendiri"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "titles"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "or the like"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "english": "object or possessor",
      "translation": "object or possessor",
      "word": "The enclitics are only used obliquely"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 45 47 0 2 2 2",
      "word": "while the proclitic is only used as a subject"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "his mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "translation": "his mother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a possessive adjective"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-Wwe4iu5M",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I hugged him",
          "text": "aku memeluknya",
          "translation": "I hugged him",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "we haven't tell her yet about this",
          "text": "kami belum memberitahukannya tentang ini",
          "translation": "we haven't tell her yet about this",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-ZTlGMqUC",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              29
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I borrow this pen from him",
          "text": "aku pinjam pensil ini darinya",
          "translation": "I borrow this pen from him",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-QPJscyGm",
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the building is beautiful",
          "literal_meaning": "its building (is) beautiful",
          "text": "bangunannya indah",
          "translation": "the building is beautiful",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "where is the cloth?",
          "literal_meaning": "where (is) its cloth?",
          "text": "pakaiannya mana?",
          "translation": "where is the cloth?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-gQW9CuTe",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 15 18 7 5 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 25 9 10 2 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 14 14 8 6 5 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "my book",
          "literal_meaning": "book of me",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "translation": "my book",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Dani's older brother",
          "literal_meaning": "older brother of Dani",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "translation": "Dani's older brother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-qkFLtWBN",
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "how sweet this candy is",
          "text": "manisnya permen ini",
          "translation": "how sweet this candy is",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-JlP4ulU3",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the extinction of a language (punah means 'extinct')",
          "text": "punahnya suatu bahasa",
          "translation": "the extinction of a language (punah means 'extinct')",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya pemerintah",
          "translation": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix--tDccoQG",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "translation": "the reading of the book",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-mwx8QeqI",
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the way he writes is slow",
          "text": "dia nulisnya lama",
          "translation": "the way he writes is slow",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "you should not eat like that",
          "text": "kamu makannya jangan gitu",
          "translation": "you should not eat like that",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-HU8N0L29",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(sometimes colloquial in some contexts) uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "colloquial",
        "morpheme",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɲa/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɲa]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-a"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbr",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kambera",
  "lang_code": "xbr",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "34 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kambera entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kambera particles",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 76",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kambera pronominal clitics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular dative enclitic"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-xbr-pron-6ANdzFjY",
      "links": [
        [
          "dative",
          "dative#English"
        ],
        [
          "enclitic",
          "enclitic#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "enclitic",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbr",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kambera",
  "lang_code": "xbr",
  "pos": "particle",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kambera pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I am going.",
          "text": "Laku-nggu-nya.",
          "translation": "I am going.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "continuative aspect enclitic"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-xbr-particle-7zzYyAxk",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "ku-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-nggu"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ka"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ngga"
        },
        {
          "alt": "u-",
          "word": "mu-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-mu"
        },
        {
          "word": "-kau"
        },
        {
          "word": "-nggau"
        },
        {
          "word": "na-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-na"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ya"
        },
        {
          "word": "ta-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-nda"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ta"
        },
        {
          "word": "ma-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ma"
        },
        {
          "word": "-kama"
        },
        {
          "word": "-nggama"
        },
        {
          "alt": "i-",
          "word": "mi-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-mi"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-kai",
          "word": "-kami"
        },
        {
          "alt": "-nggai",
          "word": "-nggami"
        },
        {
          "word": "da-"
        },
        {
          "word": "-da"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ha"
        },
        {
          "word": "-nja"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "word": "-nya"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Petjo",
      "lang_code": "pey",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "-nja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "niya"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog niya",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a. Compare Tagalog niya.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ڽا",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-nye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "pronunciation-spelling"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-nyo",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "pronunciation-spelling"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "Jawi spelling",
        "4": "-ڽا"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya (Jawi spelling -ڽا)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "-nya"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "nya"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "saya"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "ساي aku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "اکو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "كوـ -ku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "ـكو hamba"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "همبا daku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "داکو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کامي kita orang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كيت اورڠ kita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کيت"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "beta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "بيتا"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "کامو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "engkau"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "اڠکاو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "kau-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "كاوـ kau"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "كاو awak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "اوق anda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "اندا awda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "اءودا -mu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "ـمو dikau"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "ديکاو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "anda semua"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "اندا سموا awak semua"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "اوق سموا kamu semua"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كامو سموا kalian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کالين kau orang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كاو اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "tuanku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "توانكو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "دي ia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "اي beliau"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "بلياو -nya"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـڽ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "مريک dia orang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "دي اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "baginda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 3 44 49 0 2 2",
      "word": "بݢيندا"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ],
            [
              4,
              7
            ],
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "his/her mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "translation": "his/her mother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a possessive adjective."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-5I94Jy9D",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ],
            [
              13,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I hugged him/her",
          "text": "Aku memeluknya.",
          "translation": "I hugged him/her",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              22,
              25
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              19
            ],
            [
              20,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "english": "We haven't told him/her yet about this.",
          "text": "Kami belum memberitahunya tentang ini.",
          "translation": "We haven't told him/her yet about this.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-moZClZbl",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              30,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              28
            ],
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I borrowed this pen from him/her.",
          "text": "Aku pinjam pensel ini daripadanya.",
          "translation": "I borrowed this pen from him/her.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-FQUOWPD2",
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The building is beautiful.",
          "literal_meaning": "its building (is) beautiful",
          "text": "Bangunannya lawa.",
          "translation": "The building is beautiful.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-OYJIS4lH",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 11 10 5 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 10 10 5 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 4 12 12 4 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 4 11 12 4 4 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 3 15 15 3 1 2 1 5 3 3 3 3 14 16 3 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 16 19 7 7 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "24 24 24 11 13 2 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 16 16 16 16 8 8 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "my book",
          "literal_meaning": "book of me",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "translation": "my book",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Dani's older brother",
          "literal_meaning": "older brother of Dani",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "translation": "Dani's older brother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-TXui7v2j",
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "This candy is so sweet.",
          "text": "Manisnya gula-gula ini",
          "translation": "This candy is so sweet.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-BG0xboey",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the speed of a car (laju means 'fast')",
          "text": "lajunya sebuah kereta",
          "translation": "the speed of a car (laju means 'fast')",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya kerajaan",
          "translation": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-M4G-EWya",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "translation": "the reading of the book",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-wA~bVueg",
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɲə/",
      "note": "schwa-variety"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɲə]",
      "note": "schwa-variety"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɲa/",
      "tags": [
        "Baku"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɲa]",
      "tags": [
        "Baku"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian 1-syllable words",
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian pronouns",
    "Indonesian suffixes",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/a",
    "Rhymes:Indonesian/a/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "-nya"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay -nya",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "niya"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog niya",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "2": "-ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Javanese -ne",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mad",
        "2": "-na"
      },
      "expansion": "Madurese -na",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-nja",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "-nya"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "",
        "nya"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "aku"
    },
    {
      "word": "saya1"
    },
    {
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "word": "-"
    },
    {
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "word": "kita"
    },
    {
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "word": "Anda2"
    },
    {
      "word": "kau3"
    },
    {
      "word": "kalian"
    },
    {
      "word": "Anda sekalian2"
    },
    {
      "word": "Anda semua2"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "word": "beliau4"
    },
    {
      "word": "ia3"
    },
    {
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "word": "diri5"
    },
    {
      "word": "diri sendiri"
    },
    {
      "word": "sendiri"
    },
    {
      "word": "This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language"
    },
    {
      "word": "The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms"
    },
    {
      "word": "titles"
    },
    {
      "word": "or the like"
    },
    {
      "english": "object or possessor",
      "translation": "object or possessor",
      "word": "The enclitics are only used obliquely"
    },
    {
      "word": "while the proclitic is only used as a subject"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "his mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "translation": "his mother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a possessive adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I hugged him",
          "text": "aku memeluknya",
          "translation": "I hugged him",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "we haven't tell her yet about this",
          "text": "kami belum memberitahukannya tentang ini",
          "translation": "we haven't tell her yet about this",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              29
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I borrow this pen from him",
          "text": "aku pinjam pensil ini darinya",
          "translation": "I borrow this pen from him",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the building is beautiful",
          "literal_meaning": "its building (is) beautiful",
          "text": "bangunannya indah",
          "translation": "the building is beautiful",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "where is the cloth?",
          "literal_meaning": "where (is) its cloth?",
          "text": "pakaiannya mana?",
          "translation": "where is the cloth?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "my book",
          "literal_meaning": "book of me",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "translation": "my book",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Dani's older brother",
          "literal_meaning": "older brother of Dani",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "translation": "Dani's older brother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "how sweet this candy is",
          "text": "manisnya permen ini",
          "translation": "how sweet this candy is",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the extinction of a language (punah means 'extinct')",
          "text": "punahnya suatu bahasa",
          "translation": "the extinction of a language (punah means 'extinct')",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya pemerintah",
          "translation": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "translation": "the reading of the book",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian colloquialisms",
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the way he writes is slow",
          "text": "dia nulisnya lama",
          "translation": "the way he writes is slow",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "you should not eat like that",
          "text": "kamu makannya jangan gitu",
          "translation": "you should not eat like that",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(sometimes colloquial in some contexts) uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "colloquial",
        "morpheme",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɲa/",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɲa]",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Indonesian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-a"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Kambera entries with incorrect language header",
    "Kambera lemmas",
    "Kambera particles",
    "Kambera pronominal clitics",
    "Kambera pronouns",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbr",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kambera",
  "lang_code": "xbr",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular dative enclitic"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dative",
          "dative#English"
        ],
        [
          "enclitic",
          "enclitic#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "enclitic",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Kambera entries with incorrect language header",
    "Kambera lemmas",
    "Kambera particles",
    "Kambera pronominal clitics",
    "Kambera pronouns",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xbr",
        "2": "particle"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Kambera",
  "lang_code": "xbr",
  "pos": "particle",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nggu"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ka"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ngga"
    },
    {
      "alt": "u-",
      "word": "mu-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kau"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nggau"
    },
    {
      "word": "na-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-na"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ya"
    },
    {
      "word": "ta-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nda"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ta"
    },
    {
      "word": "ma-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ma"
    },
    {
      "word": "-kama"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nggama"
    },
    {
      "alt": "i-",
      "word": "mi-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mi"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-kai",
      "word": "-kami"
    },
    {
      "alt": "-nggai",
      "word": "-nggami"
    },
    {
      "word": "da-"
    },
    {
      "word": "-da"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ha"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nja"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Kambera terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I am going.",
          "text": "Laku-nggu-nya.",
          "translation": "I am going.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "continuative aspect enclitic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Malay 1-syllable words",
    "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
    "Malay lemmas",
    "Malay pronouns",
    "Malay suffixes",
    "Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
    "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
    "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Malay terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "lang_code": "id",
      "word": "-nya"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Petjo",
      "lang_code": "pey",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "-nja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "niya"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog niya",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a. Compare Tagalog niya.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ڽا",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-nye",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "pronunciation-spelling"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-nyo",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "pronunciation-spelling"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "Jawi spelling",
        "4": "-ڽا"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya (Jawi spelling -ڽا)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "-nya"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "word": "nya"
    },
    {
      "word": "saya"
    },
    {
      "word": "ساي aku"
    },
    {
      "word": "اکو"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "كوـ -ku"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "ـكو hamba"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "همبا daku"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/towards God",
      "word": "داکو"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کامي kita orang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كيت اورڠ kita"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کيت"
    },
    {
      "word": "beta"
    },
    {
      "word": "بيتا"
    },
    {
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "word": "کامو"
    },
    {
      "word": "engkau"
    },
    {
      "word": "اڠکاو"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "kau-"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "كاوـ kau"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "كاو awak"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "اوق anda"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "اندا awda"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "اءودا -mu"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "ـمو dikau"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "Brunei",
        "formal",
        "informal",
        "poetic",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "translation": "informal/poetic/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "word": "ديکاو"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "anda semua"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "اندا سموا awak semua"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "اوق سموا kamu semua"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كامو سموا kalian"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کالين kau orang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كاو اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "word": "tuanku"
    },
    {
      "word": "توانكو"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "دي ia"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "اي beliau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "بلياو -nya"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـڽ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "مريک dia orang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "دي اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "word": "baginda"
    },
    {
      "word": "بݢيندا"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ],
            [
              4,
              7
            ],
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "his/her mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "translation": "his/her mother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a possessive adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ],
            [
              13,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I hugged him/her",
          "text": "Aku memeluknya.",
          "translation": "I hugged him/her",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              22,
              25
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              19
            ],
            [
              20,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "english": "We haven't told him/her yet about this.",
          "text": "Kami belum memberitahunya tentang ini.",
          "translation": "We haven't told him/her yet about this.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              30,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              28
            ],
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I borrowed this pen from him/her.",
          "text": "Aku pinjam pensel ini daripadanya.",
          "translation": "I borrowed this pen from him/her.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The building is beautiful.",
          "literal_meaning": "its building (is) beautiful",
          "text": "Bangunannya lawa.",
          "translation": "The building is beautiful.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "my book",
          "literal_meaning": "book of me",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "translation": "my book",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Dani's older brother",
          "literal_meaning": "older brother of Dani",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "translation": "Dani's older brother",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "This candy is so sweet.",
          "text": "Manisnya gula-gula ini",
          "translation": "This candy is so sweet.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the speed of a car (laju means 'fast')",
          "text": "lajunya sebuah kereta",
          "translation": "the speed of a car (laju means 'fast')",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya kerajaan",
          "translation": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "translation": "the reading of the book",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɲə/",
      "note": "schwa-variety"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɲə]",
      "note": "schwa-variety"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɲa/",
      "tags": [
        "Baku"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɲa]",
      "tags": [
        "Baku"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -nya meaning in All languages combined (20.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.