"-nya" meaning in Malay

See -nya in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: [-ɲə] (note: Johor-Riau), [-ɲa] [Baku] Forms: -ڽا [Jawi]
Etymology: From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a. Etymology templates: {{inh|ms|poz-mly-pro|*ña}} Proto-Malayic *ña, {{inh|ms|poz-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, {{inh|ms|map-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Austronesian *ni-a Head templates: {{head|ms|suffix|Jawi spelling|-ڽا}} -nya (Jawi spelling -ڽا)
  1. Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    As a possessive adjective.
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-5I94Jy9D Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2
  2. Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    As a direct or indirect object
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-moZClZbl Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2
  3. Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.
    As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below).
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-FQUOWPD2 Categories (other): Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2
  4. (by extension)
    (in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-OYJIS4lH Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2 Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2
  5. (by extension)
    Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-TXui7v2j Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Malay entries with incorrect language header, Malay pronouns, Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2 Disambiguation of Malay entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3 Disambiguation of Malay pronouns: 26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2
  6. (by extension)
    Used to emphasize an adjective.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-BG0xboey
  7. (by extension)
    Used to nominalize an adjective.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-M4G-EWya
  8. (by extension)
    (with the passive prefix 'di-') Used to nominalize a passive verb.
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-ms-suffix-wA~bVueg
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: se- -nya
Related terms: -ku, -mu, nya, saya, ساي aku, اکو, ku- (english: informal/towards God) [dated, informal, possessive], كوـ -ku (english: informal/towards God) [dated, informal, possessive], ـكو hamba (english: informal/towards God) [dated, informal, possessive], همبا (english: informal/towards God) [dated, informal, possessive], kami [exclusive, inclusive, informal], کامي kita orang [exclusive, inclusive, informal], كيت اورڠ kita [exclusive, inclusive, informal], کيت [exclusive, inclusive, informal], beta, بيتا, kamu [formal], کامو anda [formal], اندا [formal], engkau, اڠکاو, kau- (english: informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [possessive], كاوـ awak (english: informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [possessive], اوق -mu (english: informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [possessive], ـمو (english: informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger) [possessive], awak semua [informal], اوق سموا kamu semua [informal], كامو سموا kalian [informal], کالين kau orang [informal], كاو اورڠ [informal], tuanku, توانكو, dia [honorific, possessive], دي ia [honorific, possessive], اي beliau [honorific, possessive], بلياو -nya [honorific, possessive], ـڽ [honorific, possessive], mereka [informal], مريک dia orang [informal], دي اورڠ [informal], baginda, بݢيندا

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "-nya"
          },
          "expansion": "Indonesian: -nya",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Indonesian: -nya"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pey",
            "2": "-nja",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Petjo: -nja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Petjo: -nja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ڽا",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "Jawi spelling",
        "4": "-ڽا"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya (Jawi spelling -ڽا)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "-nya"
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "nya"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "saya"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "ساي aku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "اکو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "كوـ -ku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـكو hamba"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "همبا"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کامي kita orang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كيت اورڠ kita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کيت"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "beta"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "بيتا"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "کامو anda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "اندا"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "engkau"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "اڠکاو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "kau-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "كاوـ awak"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "اوق -mu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـمو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "awak semua"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "اوق سموا kamu semua"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كامو سموا kalian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کالين kau orang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كاو اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "tuanku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "توانكو"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "دي ia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "اي beliau"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "بلياو -nya"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـڽ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "مريک dia orang"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "دي اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "baginda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 42 48 0 1 1",
      "word": "بݢيندا"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "his/her mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a possessive adjective."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-5I94Jy9D",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I hugged him/her",
          "text": "Aku memeluknya.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "We haven't told him/her yet about this.",
          "text": "Kami belum memberitahunya tentang ini.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-moZClZbl",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I borrowed this pen from him/her.",
          "text": "Aku pinjam pensel ini daripadanya.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-FQUOWPD2",
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(literally, “its building (is) beautiful”)",
          "roman": "The building is beautiful.",
          "text": "Bangunannya lawa.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-OYJIS4lH",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 17 17 18 21 3 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 26 26 9 10 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 13 12 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "my book (literally, “book of me”)",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Dani's older brother (literally, “older brother of Dani”)",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-TXui7v2j",
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "This candy is so sweet.",
          "text": "Manisnya gula-gula ini",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-BG0xboey",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the speed of a car (laju means 'fast')",
          "text": "lajunya sebuah kereta",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya kerajaan",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-M4G-EWya",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-ms-suffix-wA~bVueg",
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɲə]",
      "note": "Johor-Riau"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɲa]",
      "tags": [
        "Baku"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
    "Malay lemmas",
    "Malay pronouns",
    "Malay suffixes",
    "Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
    "Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
    "Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Malay terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "id",
            "2": "-nya"
          },
          "expansion": "Indonesian: -nya",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Indonesian: -nya"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pey",
            "2": "-nja",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Petjo: -nja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Petjo: -nja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-ڽا",
      "tags": [
        "Jawi"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ms",
        "2": "suffix",
        "3": "Jawi spelling",
        "4": "-ڽا"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya (Jawi spelling -ڽا)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "-nya"
  ],
  "lang": "Malay",
  "lang_code": "ms",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "word": "nya"
    },
    {
      "word": "saya"
    },
    {
      "word": "ساي aku"
    },
    {
      "word": "اکو"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "كوـ -ku"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـكو hamba"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God",
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "informal",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "همبا"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کامي kita orang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كيت اورڠ kita"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "exclusive",
        "inclusive",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کيت"
    },
    {
      "word": "beta"
    },
    {
      "word": "بيتا"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "کامو anda"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ],
      "word": "اندا"
    },
    {
      "word": "engkau"
    },
    {
      "word": "اڠکاو"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "kau-"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "كاوـ awak"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "اوق -mu"
    },
    {
      "english": "informal/towards God; friendly/older towards younger",
      "tags": [
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـمو"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "awak semua"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "اوق سموا kamu semua"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كامو سموا kalian"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "کالين kau orang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "كاو اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "word": "tuanku"
    },
    {
      "word": "توانكو"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "دي ia"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "اي beliau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "بلياو -nya"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "honorific",
        "possessive"
      ],
      "word": "ـڽ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "مريک dia orang"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "دي اورڠ"
    },
    {
      "word": "baginda"
    },
    {
      "word": "بݢيندا"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "his/her mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a possessive adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I hugged him/her",
          "text": "Aku memeluknya.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "We haven't told him/her yet about this.",
          "text": "Kami belum memberitahunya tentang ini.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I borrowed this pen from him/her.",
          "text": "Aku pinjam pensel ini daripadanya.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun.",
        "As an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Malay"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(literally, “its building (is) beautiful”)",
          "roman": "The building is beautiful.",
          "text": "Bangunannya lawa.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) Used to mark definiteness."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "my book (literally, “book of me”)",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Dani's older brother (literally, “older brother of Dani”)",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "This candy is so sweet.",
          "text": "Manisnya gula-gula ini",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to emphasize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the speed of a car (laju means 'fast')",
          "text": "lajunya sebuah kereta",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya kerajaan",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "Used to nominalize an adjective."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Malay terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Malay"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') Used to nominalize a passive verb."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɲə]",
      "note": "Johor-Riau"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɲa]",
      "tags": [
        "Baku"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -nya meaning in Malay (7.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Malay dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.