"-nya" meaning in Indonesian

See -nya in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ɲa/ Forms: -nja [alternative]
Etymology: From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na). Etymology templates: {{inh|id|ms|-nya}} Malay -nya, {{inh|id|poz-mly-pro|*ña}} Proto-Malayic *ña, {{inh|id|poz-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, {{inh|id|map-pro|*ni-a}} Proto-Austronesian *ni-a, {{cog|tl|niya}} Tagalog niya, {{cog|jv|-ne}} Javanese -ne, {{cog|mad|-na}} Madurese -na Head templates: {{head|id|suffix}} -nya
  1. third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    as a possessive adjective
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-Wwe4iu5M Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 27 27 27 8 9 1 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1
  2. third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    as a direct or indirect object
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-ZTlGMqUC Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 27 27 27 8 9 1 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1
  3. third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun
    as an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-QPJscyGm Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian pronouns, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian pronouns: 27 27 27 8 9 1 1 1 1 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1
  4. (by extension)
    (in some contexts and positions only) used to mark definiteness
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-gQW9CuTe Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2
  5. (by extension)
    used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-qkFLtWBN Categories (other): Indonesian entries with incorrect language header, Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Indonesian entries with incorrect language header: 18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2
  6. (by extension)
    used to emphasize an adjective
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-JlP4ulU3
  7. (by extension)
    uses to nominalize an adjective
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix--tDccoQG
  8. (by extension)
    (with the passive prefix 'di-') used to nominalize a passive verb
    Tags: broadly, morpheme
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-mwx8QeqI
  9. (by extension)
    (sometimes colloquial in some contexts) uses to nominalize an active verb
    Tags: broadly, colloquial, morpheme, sometimes
    Sense id: en--nya-id-suffix-HU8N0L29
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: se- -nya
Related terms: aku, saya1, kami, -ku, -, ku-, kita, kamu, Anda2, kau3, kalian, Anda sekalian2, -mu, dia, beliau4, ia3, mereka, diri, sendiri, This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language, The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms, titles, or the like, The enclitics are only used obliquely (english: object or possessor), while the proclitic is only used as a subject

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "-nya"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay -nya",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "niya"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog niya",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "2": "-ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Javanese -ne",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mad",
        "2": "-na"
      },
      "expansion": "Madurese -na",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-nja",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "aku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "saya1"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "kita"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "Anda2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "kau3"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "kalian"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "Anda sekalian2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "beliau4"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "ia3"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "diri"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "sendiri"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "titles"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "or the like"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "english": "object or possessor",
      "word": "The enclitics are only used obliquely"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 8 43 46 0 1 1 1",
      "word": "while the proclitic is only used as a subject"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 27 8 9 1 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "his mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a possessive adjective"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-Wwe4iu5M",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 27 8 9 1 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I hugged him",
          "text": "aku memeluknya",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "english": "we haven't tell her yet about this",
          "text": "kami belum memberitahukannya tentang ini",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-ZTlGMqUC",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 27 8 9 1 1 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              29
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I borrow this pen from him",
          "text": "aku pinjam pensil ini darinya",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-QPJscyGm",
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the building is beautiful",
          "literal_meaning": "its building (is) beautiful",
          "text": "bangunannya indah",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "where is the cloth?",
          "literal_meaning": "where (is) its cloth?",
          "text": "pakaiannya mana?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-gQW9CuTe",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 18 18 20 3 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 23 23 12 11 2 1 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 6 6 11 10 4 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 7 12 12 3 1 3 1 5 4 3 3 3 11 12 2 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 5 15 15 2 1 2 1 6 3 2 2 2 13 15 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "my book",
          "literal_meaning": "book of me",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Dani's older brother",
          "literal_meaning": "older brother of Dani",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-qkFLtWBN",
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "how sweet this candy is",
          "text": "manisnya permen ini",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-JlP4ulU3",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the extinction of a language (punah means 'extinct')",
          "text": "punahnya suatu bahasa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya pemerintah",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix--tDccoQG",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-mwx8QeqI",
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the way he writes is slow",
          "text": "dia nulisnya lama",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "you should not eat like that",
          "text": "kamu makannya jangan gitu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "id": "en--nya-id-suffix-HU8N0L29",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(sometimes colloquial in some contexts) uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "colloquial",
        "morpheme",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɲa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Indonesian lemmas",
    "Indonesian pronouns",
    "Indonesian suffixes",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic",
    "Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Malay",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic",
    "Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
    "Indonesian terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "se- -nya"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "ms",
        "3": "-nya"
      },
      "expansion": "Malay -nya",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-mly-pro",
        "3": "*ña"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayic *ña",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "poz-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "map-pro",
        "3": "*ni-a"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *ni-a",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tl",
        "2": "niya"
      },
      "expansion": "Tagalog niya",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jv",
        "2": "-ne"
      },
      "expansion": "Javanese -ne",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mad",
        "2": "-na"
      },
      "expansion": "Madurese -na",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Malay -nya, from Proto-Malayic *ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a (compare Tagalog niya, Javanese -ne, Madurese -na).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "-nja",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "id",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-nya",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Indonesian",
  "lang_code": "id",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "aku"
    },
    {
      "word": "saya1"
    },
    {
      "word": "kami"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ku"
    },
    {
      "word": "-"
    },
    {
      "word": "ku-"
    },
    {
      "word": "kita"
    },
    {
      "word": "kamu"
    },
    {
      "word": "Anda2"
    },
    {
      "word": "kau3"
    },
    {
      "word": "kalian"
    },
    {
      "word": "Anda sekalian2"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mu"
    },
    {
      "word": "dia"
    },
    {
      "word": "beliau4"
    },
    {
      "word": "ia3"
    },
    {
      "word": "mereka"
    },
    {
      "word": "diri"
    },
    {
      "word": "sendiri"
    },
    {
      "word": "This table only shows personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language"
    },
    {
      "word": "The second person pronouns are often replaced by kinship terms"
    },
    {
      "word": "titles"
    },
    {
      "word": "or the like"
    },
    {
      "english": "object or possessor",
      "word": "The enclitics are only used obliquely"
    },
    {
      "word": "while the proclitic is only used as a subject"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "his mother",
          "text": "ibunya",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a possessive adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I hugged him",
          "text": "aku memeluknya",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              25,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "english": "we haven't tell her yet about this",
          "text": "kami belum memberitahukannya tentang ini",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as a direct or indirect object"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              23,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              29
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I borrow this pen from him",
          "text": "aku pinjam pensil ini darinya",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "third person singular oblique enclitic pronoun",
        "as an object of a preposition, with the exception for 'di', 'ke', and sometimes 'dalam' (see the usage notes below)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di",
          "di#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "ke",
          "ke#Indonesian"
        ],
        [
          "dalam",
          "dalam#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the building is beautiful",
          "literal_meaning": "its building (is) beautiful",
          "text": "bangunannya indah",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "where is the cloth?",
          "literal_meaning": "where (is) its cloth?",
          "text": "pakaiannya mana?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(in some contexts and positions only) used to mark definiteness"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts and positions only"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "my book",
          "literal_meaning": "book of me",
          "text": "bukunya aku",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              16
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Dani's older brother",
          "literal_meaning": "older brother of Dani",
          "text": "abangnya Dani",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "possessive",
          "possessive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to mark possessive, especially in some context where it needs to be clear"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "how sweet this candy is",
          "text": "manisnya permen ini",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "used to emphasize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the extinction of a language (punah means 'extinct')",
          "text": "punahnya suatu bahasa",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_english_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the weakness of the government (lemah means 'weak')",
          "text": "lemahnya pemerintah",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "uses to nominalize an adjective"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the reading of the book",
          "text": "dibacanya buku",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "di-",
          "di-#Indonesian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(with the passive prefix 'di-') used to nominalize a passive verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with the passive prefix 'di-'"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indonesian colloquialisms",
        "Indonesian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "the way he writes is slow",
          "text": "dia nulisnya lama",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "you should not eat like that",
          "text": "kamu makannya jangan gitu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension)",
        "(sometimes colloquial in some contexts) uses to nominalize an active verb"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in some contexts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "colloquial",
        "morpheme",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɲa/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-nya"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -nya meaning in Indonesian (7.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Indonesian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (74c5344 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.