"trench" meaning in English

See trench in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/, /t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trench.wav [Southern-England] Forms: trenches [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛnt͡ʃ Etymology: Borrowed into Middle English from Old French trenche. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-}} Middle English, {{der|en|fro|trenche}} Old French trenche Head templates: {{en-noun}} trench (plural trenches)
  1. A long, narrow ditch or hole dug in the ground. Translations (long, narrow ditch or hole): hendek [masculine] (Albanian), τάφρος (táphros) [masculine] (Ancient Greek), خَنْدَق (ḵandaq) [masculine] (Arabic), أُخْدُود (ʔuḵdūd) [masculine] (Arabic), խրամատ (xramat) (Armenian), lubaki (Basque), траншэ́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Belarusian), роў (roŭ) [masculine] (Belarusian), кана́ва (kanáva) [feminine] (Belarusian), ако́п (akóp) [masculine] (Belarusian), и́зкоп (ízkop) [masculine] (Bulgarian), кана́вка (kanávka) [feminine] (Bulgarian), trinxera [feminine] (Catalan), 壕溝 (Chinese Mandarin), 壕沟 (háogōu) (Chinese Mandarin), 戰壕 (Chinese Mandarin), 战壕 (zhànháo) (Chinese Mandarin), příkop [masculine] (Czech), výkop [masculine] (Czech), zákop [masculine] (Czech), rýha [feminine] (Czech), brázda [feminine] (Czech), grøft [common-gender] (Danish), geul [feminine] (Dutch), sloot [feminine, masculine] (Dutch), greppel [feminine, masculine] (Dutch), fosaĵo (Esperanto), oja (Finnish), tranchée [feminine] (French), fossé [masculine] (French), trincheira [feminine] (Galician), gabia [feminine] (Galician), foxo [masculine] (Galician), თხრილი (txrili) (Georgian), ტრანშეა (ṭranšea) (Georgian), Graben [masculine] (German), 𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰 (graba) [feminine] (Gothic), χαράκωμα (charákoma) [neuter] (Greek), תְּעָלָה (te'ala) (Hebrew), खाई (khāī) [feminine] (Hindi), árok (Hungarian), trancheo (Ido), palung (Indonesian), kanava (Ingrian), díog [feminine] (Irish), fosso [masculine] (Italian), trincea [feminine] (Italian), fossato [masculine] (Italian), 塹壕 (zangō) (alt: ざんごう) (Japanese), トレンチ (torenchi) (Japanese), (mizo) (alt: みぞ) (Japanese), ប្រឡាយ (prɑɑlaay) (Khmer), mũkaro [class-3] (Kikuyu), 참호 (chamho) (alt: 塹壕) (Korean), 트렌치 (teurenchi) (Korean), ຄູ (khū) (Lao), ຮ່ອງ (hǭng) (Lao), fossa [feminine] (Latin), scrobis [masculine] (Latin), ров (rov) [masculine] (Macedonian), parit (Malay), jurang (Malay), खंदक (khandak) [masculine] (Marathi), tranchie [feminine] (Norman), grøft [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), خندق (hendek) (Ottoman Turkish), آرق (ark) (note: for irrigation) (Ottoman Turkish), ترانشه (trânše) (Persian), okop [masculine] (Polish), rów [masculine] (Polish), fosso [masculine] (Portuguese), tranșee [feminine] (Romanian), fosă [feminine] (Romanian), транше́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Russian), око́п (okóp) [masculine] (Russian), ров (rov) [masculine] (Russian), кана́ва (kanáva) [feminine] (Russian), trainnse [feminine] (Scottish Gaelic), clais [feminine] (Scottish Gaelic), о̀пкоп [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), ро̏в [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), ја́рак [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), òpkop [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), rȍv [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), járak [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), priekopa [feminine] (Slovak), výkop [masculine] (Slovak), zákop [masculine] (Slovak), jarek [masculine] (Slovene), rov [masculine] (Slovene), trinchera [feminine] (Spanish), mtaro (Swahili), handaki (Swahili), dike [neuter] (Swedish), fåra [common-gender] (Swedish), ränna [common-gender] (Swedish), trintsera (Tagalog), хандақ (xandaq) (Tajik), కందకము (kandakamu) (Telugu), คู (kuu) (Thai), ร่อง (rɔ̂ng) (Thai), ས་ཤུར (sa shur) (Tibetan), hendek (Turkish), siper (Turkish), транше́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Ukrainian), око́п (okóp) [masculine] (Ukrainian), окі́п (okíp) [masculine] (Ukrainian), рів (riv) [masculine] (Ukrainian), кана́ва (kanáva) [feminine] (Ukrainian), hào (Vietnamese), ffos [feminine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-trench-en-noun-jCQJU1gZ Disambiguation of 'long, narrow ditch or hole': 85 10 3 2
  2. (military) A narrow excavation as used in warfare, as a cover for besieging or emplaced forces. Categories (topical): Military Translations (military excavation): loopgraaf (Afrikaans), hendek [masculine] (Albanian), ὄρυγμα (órugma) [neuter] (Ancient Greek), خَنْدَق (ḵandaq) [masculine] (Arabic), խրամ (xram) (Armenian), խանդակ (xandak) (Armenian), xəndək (Azerbaijani), ако́п (akóp) [masculine] (Belarusian), траншэ́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Belarusian), роў (roŭ) [masculine] (Belarusian), око́п (okóp) [masculine] (Bulgarian), транше́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Bulgarian), 壕溝 (Chinese Mandarin), 壕沟 (háogōu) (Chinese Mandarin), zákop [masculine] (Czech), skyttegrav [common-gender] (Danish), loopgraaf [feminine] (Dutch), tranĉeo (Esperanto), kaevik (Estonian), juoksuhauta (Finnish), ampumahauta (Finnish), tranchée [feminine] (French), trincheira [feminine] (Galician), სანგარი (sangari) (Georgian), ტრანშეა (ṭranšea) (Georgian), Schützengraben [masculine] (German), Graben [masculine] (German), όρυγμα (órygma) [neuter] (Greek), खाई (khāī) [feminine] (Hindi), lövészárok (Hungarian), skotgröf [feminine] (Icelandic), trincea [feminine] (Italian), fossato [masculine] (Italian), buca [feminine] (Italian), жертаса (jertasa) (Kazakh), траншея (tranşeä) (Kazakh), ор (or) (Kazakh), окоп (okop) (Kyrgyz), траншея (tranşeya) (Kyrgyz), tranšeja [feminine] (Latvian), ierakums [masculine] (Latvian), apkasas [masculine] (Lithuanian), ров (rov) [masculine] (Macedonian), транше́ја (tranšéja) [feminine] (Macedonian), awarua (Maori), kōruarua (Maori), trenche (Middle English), siper (Northern Kurdish), skyttergrav [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), skyttargrav [feminine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), خندق (hendek) (Ottoman Turkish), سنګر (sangar) [masculine] (Pashto), سنگر (sangar) (Persian), ترانشه (trânše) (Persian), خندق (xandaq) (Persian), okop [masculine] (Polish), rów [masculine] (Polish), transzeja [feminine] (Polish), trincheira [feminine] (Portuguese), tranșee [feminine] (Romanian), око́п (okóp) [masculine] (Russian), транше́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Russian), ров (rov) [masculine] (Russian), транше́ја [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), tranšéja [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), zákop [masculine] (Slovak), jarek [masculine] (Slovene), trinchera [feminine] (Spanish), skyttegrav [common-gender] (Swedish), trintsera (Tagalog), хандақ (xandaq) (Tajik), คู (kuu) (Thai), siper (Turkish), око́п (okóp) [masculine] (Ukrainian), окі́п (okíp) [masculine] (Ukrainian), транше́я (tranšéja) [feminine] (Ukrainian), рів (riv) [masculine] (Ukrainian), خَنْدَق (xandaq) (Urdu), خەندەك (xendek) (Uyghur), ئاكوپ (akop) (Uyghur), transheya (Uzbek), okop (Uzbek), xandaq (Uzbek), chiến hào (Vietnamese), אַקאָפּע (akope) [feminine] (Yiddish)
    Sense id: en-trench-en-noun-83wButAN Topics: government, military, politics, war Disambiguation of 'military excavation': 14 71 6 10
  3. (archaeology) A pit, usually rectangular with smooth walls and floor, excavated during an archaeological investigation. Categories (topical): Archaeology
    Sense id: en-trench-en-noun-E8FTYeQ1 Topics: archaeology, history, human-sciences, sciences
  4. (informal) A trench coat. Tags: informal
    Sense id: en-trench-en-noun-dWxctTrH Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 18 4 6 32 16 3 3 3 3 8 5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: tranche

Verb

IPA: /t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/, /t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trench.wav [Southern-England] Forms: trenches [present, singular, third-person], trenching [participle, present], trenched [participle, past], trenched [past]
Rhymes: -ɛnt͡ʃ Etymology: Borrowed into Middle English from Old French trenche. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-}} Middle English, {{der|en|fro|trenche}} Old French trenche Head templates: {{en-verb}} trench (third-person singular simple present trenches, present participle trenching, simple past and past participle trenched)
  1. (usually followed by upon) To invade, especially with regard to the rights or the exclusive authority of another; to encroach. Tags: usually
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-2z4q5UqC
  2. (military, infantry) To excavate an elongated pit for protection of soldiers and or equipment, usually perpendicular to the line of sight toward the enemy. Categories (topical): Military
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-pq4BvzP9 Topics: government, military, politics, war
  3. (archaeology) To excavate an elongated and often narrow pit. Categories (topical): Archaeology
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-yAmD5ycZ Topics: archaeology, history, human-sciences, sciences
  4. To have direction; to aim or tend.
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-7IyPl7Cx
  5. To cut; to form or shape by cutting; to make by incision, hewing, etc.
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-kJCIjgtS
  6. To cut furrows or ditches in.
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-VTdeMvk7
  7. To dig or cultivate very deeply, usually by digging parallel contiguous trenches in succession, filling each from the next.
    Sense id: en-trench-en-verb-eeXSWzZp
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: trenchant

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for trench meaning in English (36.1kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "entrench"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "entrenching tool"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "fire trench"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "in the trenches"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "micro trenching"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "mini-trench"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "oceanic trench"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "slit trench"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "stench trench"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench art"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench binoculars"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench boot"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench broom"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench club"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench coat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench cut"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench derby"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench dress"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench effect"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trencher"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench fever"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench foot"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench knife"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench mentality"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench mortar"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench mouth"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench plate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench-plough"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench-plow"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench stick"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trench warfare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "trenche"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French trenche",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed into Middle English from Old French trenche.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "trenches",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "trench (plural trenches)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "tranche"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The trenches for installing the underground cables were dug with a trencher.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A long, narrow ditch or hole dug in the ground."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-noun-jCQJU1gZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "ditch",
          "ditch"
        ],
        [
          "hole",
          "hole"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hendek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḵandaq",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "خَنْدَق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔuḵdūd",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "أُخْدُود"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "xramat",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "խրամատ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "lubaki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "траншэ́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "roŭ",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "роў"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "kanáva",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кана́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "akóp",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ако́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ízkop",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "и́зкоп"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "kanávka",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кана́вка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trinxera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "壕溝"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "háogōu",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "壕沟"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "戰壕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "zhànháo",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "战壕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "příkop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "výkop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zákop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rýha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brázda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "grøft"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "geul"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sloot"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "greppel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "fosaĵo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "oja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranchée"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fossé"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trincheira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gabia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "foxo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "txrili",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "თხრილი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ṭranšea",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ტრანშეა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Graben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "graba",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "charákoma",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "χαράκωμα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "táphros",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "τάφρος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "te'ala",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "תְּעָלָה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "khāī",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "खाई"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "árok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "trancheo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "palung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "izh",
          "lang": "Ingrian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "kanava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "díog"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fosso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trincea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fossato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "alt": "ざんごう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "zangō",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "塹壕"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "torenchi",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "トレンチ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "alt": "みぞ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "mizo",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "溝"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "prɑɑlaay",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ប្រឡាយ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ki",
          "lang": "Kikuyu",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "class-3"
          ],
          "word": "mũkaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "alt": "塹壕",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "chamho",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "참호"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "teurenchi",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "트렌치"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "khū",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ຄູ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "hǭng",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ຮ່ອງ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "fossa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "scrobis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "rov",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ров"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "parit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "jurang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "khandak",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "खंदक"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "nrf",
          "lang": "Norman",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranchie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grøft"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "hendek",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "خندق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "note": "for irrigation",
          "roman": "ark",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "آرق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "trânše",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ترانشه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "okop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rów"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fosso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranșee"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "fosă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "okóp",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "око́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rov",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ров"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kanáva",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кана́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trainnse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "clais"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "о̀пкоп"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ро̏в"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ја́рак"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "òpkop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rȍv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "járak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "priekopa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "výkop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zákop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jarek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rov"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trinchera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "mtaro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "handaki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "dike"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "fåra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "ränna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "trintsera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "xandaq",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "хандақ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "kandakamu",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "కందకము"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kuu",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "คู"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "rɔ̂ng",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ร่อง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "bo",
          "lang": "Tibetan",
          "roman": "sa shur",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "ས་ཤུར"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "hendek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "siper"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "okóp",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "око́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "okíp",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "окі́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "riv",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "рів"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "kanáva",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кана́ва"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "word": "hào"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "85 10 3 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ffos"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Military",
          "orig": "en:Military",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The soldiers in the trenches rely on logistical support.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A narrow excavation as used in warfare, as a cover for besieging or emplaced forces."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-noun-83wButAN",
      "links": [
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "excavation",
          "excavation"
        ],
        [
          "warfare",
          "warfare"
        ],
        [
          "besieging",
          "besieging"
        ],
        [
          "emplaced",
          "emplaced"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(military) A narrow excavation as used in warfare, as a cover for besieging or emplaced forces."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "af",
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "loopgraaf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hendek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḵandaq",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "خَنْدَق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "xram",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "խրամ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "xandak",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "խանդակ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "xəndək"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "akóp",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ако́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "траншэ́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "roŭ",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "роў"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "okóp",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "око́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "壕溝"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "háogōu",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "壕沟"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zákop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "skyttegrav"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "loopgraaf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "tranĉeo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "kaevik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "juoksuhauta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "ampumahauta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranchée"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trincheira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "sangari",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "სანგარი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ṭranšea",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "ტრანშეა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schützengraben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Graben"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "órygma",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "όρυγμα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "órugma",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ὄρυγμα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "khāī",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "खाई"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "lövészárok"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "skotgröf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trincea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fossato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "buca"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "jertasa",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "жертаса"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "tranşeä",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "траншея"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "or",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "ор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "siper"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "okop",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "окоп"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "tranşeya",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "траншея"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranšeja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ierakums"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "apkasas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "rov",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ров"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́ја"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "awarua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "kōruarua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "trenche"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "skyttergrav"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "skyttargrav"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "hendek",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "خندق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "sangar",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "سنګر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "sangar",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "سنگر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "trânše",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "ترانشه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "xandaq",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "خندق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "okop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rów"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "transzeja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trincheira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranșee"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "okóp",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "око́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "rov",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ров"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́ја"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "tranšéja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zákop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jarek"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "trinchera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "skyttegrav"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "trintsera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "xandaq",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "хандақ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kuu",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "คู"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "siper"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "okóp",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "око́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "okíp",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "окі́п"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "tranšéja",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "транше́я"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "riv",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "рів"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "xandaq",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "خَنْدَق"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "xendek",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "خەندەك"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "akop",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "ئاكوپ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "transheya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "okop"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "xandaq"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "word": "chiến hào"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "14 71 6 10",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "akope",
          "sense": "military excavation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "אַקאָפּע"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Archaeology",
          "orig": "en:Archaeology",
          "parents": [
            "Anthropology",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Zoology",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Biology",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A pit, usually rectangular with smooth walls and floor, excavated during an archaeological investigation."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-noun-E8FTYeQ1",
      "links": [
        [
          "archaeology",
          "archaeology"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "rectangular",
          "rectangular"
        ],
        [
          "excavate",
          "excavate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaeology) A pit, usually rectangular with smooth walls and floor, excavated during an archaeological investigation."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "archaeology",
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 4 6 32 16 3 3 3 3 8 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1999, April 24, Xiphias Gladius, \"Re: trenchcoat mafia\", ne.general.selected, Usenet",
          "text": "I was the first person in my high school to wear a trench and fedora constantly, and Ben was one of the first to wear a black trench."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007, Nina Garcia, The Little Black Book of Style, HarperCollins, as excerpted in Elle, October, page 138",
          "text": "A classic trench can work in any kind of weather and goes well with almost anything."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A trench coat."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-noun-dWxctTrH",
      "links": [
        [
          "trench coat",
          "trench coat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal) A trench coat."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnt͡ʃ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trench.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "trench"
  ],
  "word": "trench"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "trenche"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French trenche",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed into Middle English from Old French trenche.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "trenches",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trenching",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trenched",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trenched",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "trench (third-person singular simple present trenches, present participle trenching, simple past and past participle trenched)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "trenchant"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1640, Ben Jonson, Underwoods, page 68",
          "text": "Shee is the Judge, Thou Executioner, Or if thou needs would'st trench upon her power, Thou mightst have yet enjoy'd thy crueltie, With some more thrift, and more varietie.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1949, Charles Austin Beard, American Government and Politics, page 16",
          "text": "He could make what laws he pleased, as long as those laws did not trench upon property rights.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Carl von Clausewitz, J. J. Graham, On War, page 261",
          "text": "[O]ur ideas, therefore, must trench upon the province of tactics.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To invade, especially with regard to the rights or the exclusive authority of another; to encroach."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-2z4q5UqC",
      "links": [
        [
          "upon",
          "upon#English"
        ],
        [
          "invade",
          "invade"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "exclusive",
          "exclusive"
        ],
        [
          "authority",
          "authority"
        ],
        [
          "encroach",
          "encroach"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually followed by upon) To invade, especially with regard to the rights or the exclusive authority of another; to encroach."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by upon"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Military",
          "orig": "en:Military",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To excavate an elongated pit for protection of soldiers and or equipment, usually perpendicular to the line of sight toward the enemy."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-pq4BvzP9",
      "links": [
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "elongate",
          "elongate"
        ],
        [
          "perpendicular",
          "perpendicular"
        ],
        [
          "line of sight",
          "line of sight"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "infantry",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(military, infantry) To excavate an elongated pit for protection of soldiers and or equipment, usually perpendicular to the line of sight toward the enemy."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Archaeology",
          "orig": "en:Archaeology",
          "parents": [
            "Anthropology",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Zoology",
            "All topics",
            "Society",
            "Biology",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To excavate an elongated and often narrow pit."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-yAmD5ycZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "archaeology",
          "archaeology"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaeology) To excavate an elongated and often narrow pit."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "archaeology",
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To have direction; to aim or tend."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-7IyPl7Cx"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut; to form or shape by cutting; to make by incision, hewing, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-kJCIjgtS"
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to trench land for the purpose of draining it",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut furrows or ditches in."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-VTdeMvk7"
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to trench a garden for certain crops",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To dig or cultivate very deeply, usually by digging parallel contiguous trenches in succession, filling each from the next."
      ],
      "id": "en-trench-en-verb-eeXSWzZp"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnt͡ʃ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trench.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "trench"
  ],
  "word": "trench"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnt͡ʃ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnt͡ʃ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "entrench"
    },
    {
      "word": "entrenching tool"
    },
    {
      "word": "fire trench"
    },
    {
      "word": "in the trenches"
    },
    {
      "word": "micro trenching"
    },
    {
      "word": "mini-trench"
    },
    {
      "word": "oceanic trench"
    },
    {
      "word": "slit trench"
    },
    {
      "word": "stench trench"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench art"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench binoculars"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench boot"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench broom"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench club"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench coat"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench cut"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench derby"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench dress"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench effect"
    },
    {
      "word": "trencher"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench fever"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench foot"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench knife"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench mentality"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench mortar"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench mouth"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench plate"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench-plough"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench-plow"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench stick"
    },
    {
      "word": "trench warfare"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "trenche"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French trenche",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed into Middle English from Old French trenche.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "trenches",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "trench (plural trenches)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "tranche"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The trenches for installing the underground cables were dug with a trencher.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A long, narrow ditch or hole dug in the ground."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ditch",
          "ditch"
        ],
        [
          "hole",
          "hole"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Military"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The soldiers in the trenches rely on logistical support.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A narrow excavation as used in warfare, as a cover for besieging or emplaced forces."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "excavation",
          "excavation"
        ],
        [
          "warfare",
          "warfare"
        ],
        [
          "besieging",
          "besieging"
        ],
        [
          "emplaced",
          "emplaced"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(military) A narrow excavation as used in warfare, as a cover for besieging or emplaced forces."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Archaeology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A pit, usually rectangular with smooth walls and floor, excavated during an archaeological investigation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "archaeology",
          "archaeology"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "rectangular",
          "rectangular"
        ],
        [
          "excavate",
          "excavate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaeology) A pit, usually rectangular with smooth walls and floor, excavated during an archaeological investigation."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "archaeology",
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English informal terms"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1999, April 24, Xiphias Gladius, \"Re: trenchcoat mafia\", ne.general.selected, Usenet",
          "text": "I was the first person in my high school to wear a trench and fedora constantly, and Ben was one of the first to wear a black trench."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007, Nina Garcia, The Little Black Book of Style, HarperCollins, as excerpted in Elle, October, page 138",
          "text": "A classic trench can work in any kind of weather and goes well with almost anything."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A trench coat."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "trench coat",
          "trench coat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal) A trench coat."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnt͡ʃ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trench.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hendek"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḵandaq",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "خَنْدَق"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔuḵdūd",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "أُخْدُود"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "xramat",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "խրամատ"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "lubaki"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "траншэ́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "roŭ",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "роў"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "kanáva",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кана́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "akóp",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ако́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ízkop",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "и́зкоп"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "kanávka",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кана́вка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trinxera"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "壕溝"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "háogōu",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "壕沟"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "戰壕"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhànháo",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "战壕"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "příkop"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "výkop"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zákop"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rýha"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brázda"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "grøft"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "geul"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sloot"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "greppel"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "fosaĵo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "oja"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranchée"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fossé"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trincheira"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gabia"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "foxo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "txrili",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "თხრილი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ṭranšea",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ტრანშეა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Graben"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "graba",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "charákoma",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "χαράκωμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "táphros",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "τάφρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "te'ala",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "תְּעָלָה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "khāī",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "खाई"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "árok"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "trancheo"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "palung"
    },
    {
      "code": "izh",
      "lang": "Ingrian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "kanava"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "díog"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fosso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trincea"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fossato"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ざんごう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "zangō",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "塹壕"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "torenchi",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "トレンチ"
    },
    {
      "alt": "みぞ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "mizo",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "溝"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "prɑɑlaay",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ប្រឡាយ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ki",
      "lang": "Kikuyu",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "class-3"
      ],
      "word": "mũkaro"
    },
    {
      "alt": "塹壕",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "chamho",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "참호"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "teurenchi",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "트렌치"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "khū",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ຄູ"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "hǭng",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ຮ່ອງ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "fossa"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "scrobis"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "rov",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ров"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "parit"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "jurang"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "khandak",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "खंदक"
    },
    {
      "code": "nrf",
      "lang": "Norman",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranchie"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grøft"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "hendek",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "خندق"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "note": "for irrigation",
      "roman": "ark",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "آرق"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "trânše",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ترانشه"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "okop"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rów"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fosso"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranșee"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "fosă"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "okóp",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "око́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rov",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ров"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kanáva",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кана́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trainnse"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "clais"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "о̀пкоп"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ро̏в"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ја́рак"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "òpkop"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rȍv"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "járak"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "priekopa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "výkop"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zákop"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jarek"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rov"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trinchera"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "mtaro"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "handaki"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "dike"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "fåra"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "ränna"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "trintsera"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "xandaq",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "хандақ"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "kandakamu",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "కందకము"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kuu",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "คู"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "rɔ̂ng",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ร่อง"
    },
    {
      "code": "bo",
      "lang": "Tibetan",
      "roman": "sa shur",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "ས་ཤུར"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "hendek"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "siper"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "okóp",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "око́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "okíp",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "окі́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "riv",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "рів"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "kanáva",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кана́ва"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "word": "hào"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "long, narrow ditch or hole",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ffos"
    },
    {
      "code": "af",
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "loopgraaf"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hendek"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḵandaq",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "خَنْدَق"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "xram",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "խրամ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "xandak",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "խանդակ"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "xəndək"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "akóp",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ако́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "траншэ́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "roŭ",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "роў"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "okóp",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "око́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "壕溝"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "háogōu",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "壕沟"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zákop"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "skyttegrav"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "loopgraaf"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "tranĉeo"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "kaevik"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "juoksuhauta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "ampumahauta"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranchée"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trincheira"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "sangari",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "სანგარი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ṭranšea",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "ტრანშეა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schützengraben"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Graben"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "órygma",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "όρυγμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "órugma",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ὄρυγμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "khāī",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "खाई"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "lövészárok"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "skotgröf"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trincea"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fossato"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "buca"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "jertasa",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "жертаса"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "tranşeä",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "траншея"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "or",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "ор"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "siper"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "okop",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "окоп"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "tranşeya",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "траншея"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranšeja"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ierakums"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "apkasas"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "rov",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ров"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́ја"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "awarua"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "kōruarua"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "trenche"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "skyttergrav"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "skyttargrav"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "hendek",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "خندق"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "sangar",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سنګر"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "sangar",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "سنگر"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "trânše",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "ترانشه"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "xandaq",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "خندق"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "okop"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rów"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "transzeja"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trincheira"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranșee"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "okóp",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "око́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "rov",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ров"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́ја"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "tranšéja"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zákop"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jarek"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "trinchera"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "skyttegrav"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "trintsera"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "xandaq",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "хандақ"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kuu",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "คู"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "siper"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "okóp",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "око́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "okíp",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "окі́п"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "tranšéja",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "транше́я"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "riv",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "рів"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "xandaq",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "خَنْدَق"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "xendek",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "خەندەك"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "akop",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "ئاكوپ"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "transheya"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "okop"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "xandaq"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "word": "chiến hào"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "akope",
      "sense": "military excavation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "אַקאָפּע"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "trench"
  ],
  "word": "trench"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnt͡ʃ",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnt͡ʃ/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "trenche"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French trenche",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed into Middle English from Old French trenche.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "trenches",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trenching",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trenched",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "trenched",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "trench (third-person singular simple present trenches, present participle trenching, simple past and past participle trenched)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "trenchant"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1640, Ben Jonson, Underwoods, page 68",
          "text": "Shee is the Judge, Thou Executioner, Or if thou needs would'st trench upon her power, Thou mightst have yet enjoy'd thy crueltie, With some more thrift, and more varietie.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1949, Charles Austin Beard, American Government and Politics, page 16",
          "text": "He could make what laws he pleased, as long as those laws did not trench upon property rights.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2005, Carl von Clausewitz, J. J. Graham, On War, page 261",
          "text": "[O]ur ideas, therefore, must trench upon the province of tactics.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To invade, especially with regard to the rights or the exclusive authority of another; to encroach."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "upon",
          "upon#English"
        ],
        [
          "invade",
          "invade"
        ],
        [
          "right",
          "right"
        ],
        [
          "exclusive",
          "exclusive"
        ],
        [
          "authority",
          "authority"
        ],
        [
          "encroach",
          "encroach"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually followed by upon) To invade, especially with regard to the rights or the exclusive authority of another; to encroach."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "followed by upon"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Military"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To excavate an elongated pit for protection of soldiers and or equipment, usually perpendicular to the line of sight toward the enemy."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "military",
          "military"
        ],
        [
          "elongate",
          "elongate"
        ],
        [
          "perpendicular",
          "perpendicular"
        ],
        [
          "line of sight",
          "line of sight"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "infantry",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(military, infantry) To excavate an elongated pit for protection of soldiers and or equipment, usually perpendicular to the line of sight toward the enemy."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "government",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Archaeology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To excavate an elongated and often narrow pit."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "archaeology",
          "archaeology"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaeology) To excavate an elongated and often narrow pit."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "archaeology",
        "history",
        "human-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To have direction; to aim or tend."
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To cut; to form or shape by cutting; to make by incision, hewing, etc."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to trench land for the purpose of draining it",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cut furrows or ditches in."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "to trench a garden for certain crops",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To dig or cultivate very deeply, usually by digging parallel contiguous trenches in succession, filling each from the next."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnt͡ʃ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t(ʃ)ɹɛnʃ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnt͡ʃ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-trench.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-trench.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "trench"
  ],
  "word": "trench"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.