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{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "archaeologic" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "archaeological" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "archaeologist" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "dendroarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "ethnoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "geoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "maritime archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "software archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "xenoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "zooarchaeology" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "grc", "3": "ἀρχαιολογία", "4": "", "5": "antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”)", "name": "uder" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "ἀρχαῖος", "3": "", "4": "primal, old, ancient" }, "expansion": "ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "λόγος", "3": "", "4": "speech, oration, study" }, "expansion": "λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "archaeo-", "3": "-logy" }, "expansion": "By surface analysis, archaeo- + -logy", "name": "surf" } ], "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”), from ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”). By surface analysis, archaeo- + -logy.", "forms": [ { "form": "archaeologies", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "archaeology (countable and uncountable, plural archaeologies)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hypernyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "humanities" } ], "hyponyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "alternative archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "bioarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "cult archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "dendroarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "ethnoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "field archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "geoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "maritime archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "media archaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "osteoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "xenoarchaeology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "zooarchaeology" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "archaic" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "archaism" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "History", "orig": "en:History", "parents": [ "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "The building's developers have asked for some archaeology to be undertaken.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "the actual excavation, examination, analysis and interpretation." ], "id": "en-archaeology-en-noun-ZfuByi6C", "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "7 55 35 2", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "8 41 48 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup", "parents": [ "Entries with topic categories using raw markup", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 39 46 8", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -logy", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "History", "orig": "en:History", "parents": [ "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "The archaeology will tell us which methods of burial were used by the Ancient Greeks.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "the actual remains together with their location in the stratigraphy." ], "id": "en-archaeology-en-noun-kbgNzbdD", "links": [ [ "stratigraphy", "stratigraphy" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "8 41 48 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup", "parents": [ "Entries with topic categories using raw markup", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 28 49 13", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms prefixed with archaeo-", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 39 46 8", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -logy", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "6 39 50 5", "kind": "other", "name": "English undefined derivations", "parents": [ "Undefined derivations", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 21 52 8", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Archaeology", "orig": "en:Archaeology", "parents": [ "Anthropology", "Sciences", "Social sciences", "Zoology", "All topics", "Society", "Biology", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "History", "orig": "en:History", "parents": [ "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "She studied archaeology at Edinburgh University.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "the academic subject; in the USA: one of the four sub-disciplines of anthropology." ], "id": "en-archaeology-en-noun-Aws2TgxE", "links": [ [ "academic", "academic" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "25 25 25 25", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "History", "orig": "en:History", "parents": [ "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1997, Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, Totem Books, Icon Books, pages 36, 63, and 64", "text": "He first presented a complementary thesis on the Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), in which he used the term “archaeology” for the first time, and which indicated the period of history to which he was constantly to return.\nThe latent grid of knowledge which organizes every scientific discourse and defines what can or cannot be thought scientifically — the process of uncovering these levels Foucault calls 'archaeology'.\n“Archaeology”, as the investigation of that which renders necessary a certain form of thought, implies an excavation of unconsciously organized sediments of thought. Unlike a history of ideas, it doesn’t assume that knowledge accumulates towards any historical conclusion. Archaeology ignores individuals and their histories. It prefers to excavate impersonal structures of knowledge.\nArchaeology is a task that doesn’t consist of treating discourse as signs referring to a real content like madness. It treats discourses, such as medicine, as practices that form the objects of which they speak.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains" ], "id": "en-archaeology-en-noun-XUS2rDXm", "raw_glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:" ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌɑː.kiˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-archaeology.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-archaeology.ogg/En-us-archaeology.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-archaeology.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "tags": [ "Commonwealth", "archaic" ], "word": "archæology" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "tags": [ "US" ], "word": "archeology" } ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "argeologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologji" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕilmu l-ʔāṯār", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "عِلْمُ الآثَار" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāṯār", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural" ], "word": "آثَار" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕilmu l-ʔāṯāri l-qadīma", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "عِلْمُ الْآثَارِ الْقَدِيمَة" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hnagitutʿyun", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "հնագիտություն" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueoloxía" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arxeologiya" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "arxeologiya", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археология" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "arxjealóhija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археало́гія" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "protnototto", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "প্রত্নতত্ত্ব" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arkeologiezh" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "henoniezh" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "arheologija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археология" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "hre:haung:su.tesa.na.pa.nya", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "ရှေးဟောင်းသုတေသနပညာ" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "考古學" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kǎogǔxué", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "考古学" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkæologi" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "oudheidkunde" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arĥeologio" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologio" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arheoloogia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archéologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueoloxía" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "arkeologia", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "არქეოლოგია" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Archäologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Altertumskunde" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "archaiología", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "αρχαιολογία" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "akeyoloji" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "arkheologia", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "ארכאולוגיה" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "purātatva", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "पुरातत्व" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "archeológia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "régészet" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "fornleifafræði" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologio" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologi" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "seandálaíocht" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "alt": "こうこがく", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kōkogaku", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "考古学" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "kn", "lang": "Kannada", "roman": "purātattva śāstra", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "ಪುರಾತತ್ತ್ವ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "arxeologiä", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археология" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bo’raan vityie", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "បុរាណវិទ្យា" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bo’raan voattʰo’ vityie", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "បុរាណវត្ថុវិទ្យា" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gogohak", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "고고학" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeolojî" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "arheologiya", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археология" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "bū hān wi tha nyā", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "ບູຮານວິທະຍາ" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "archaeologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arheoloģija" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologija" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "arheologija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археологија" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologi" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "kaji purba" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "purāvastuśāstraṁ", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "പുരാവസ്തുശാസ്ത്രം" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "gv", "lang": "Manx", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "shenndaaleeaght" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "mātai whaipara tangata" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "purātattvaśāstra", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "पुरातत्त्वशास्त्र" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "arxeologi", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археологи" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "purātattvaśāstra", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "पुरातत्त्वशास्त्र" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "Jersey", "feminine" ], "word": "archéologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arkeologi" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arkeologi" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ps", "lang": "Pashto", "roman": "larγunpohəna", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "لرغونپوهنه" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "bâstân-šenâsi", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "باستانشناسی" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueologia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "rgn", "lang": "Romagnol", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologì" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "rgn", "lang": "Romagnol", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologèja" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arheologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "arxeológija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археоло́гия" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "airchaeologie" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arc-eòlas" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "àrsaidheachd" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "feminine" ], "word": "археологија" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "Roman", "feminine" ], "word": "arheologija" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archioluggìa" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeológia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arheologija" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueología" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "akiolojia" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "arkeologi" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeolohiya" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "palaagnusan" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "bostonšinosī", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "бостоншиносӣ" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "tolliyal", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "தொல்லியல்" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "purātatva śāstramu", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "పురాతత్వ శాస్త్రము" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "boo-raan-ná-ká-dii", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "โบราณคดี" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "gna' dngos rig gnas", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "གནའ་དངོས་རིག་གནས" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "gna' rdzas rtog zhib", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "གནའ་རྫས་རྟོག་ཞིབ" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeoloji" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "kazıbilim" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arheologiýa" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "arxeolóhija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археоло́гія" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arxeologiya" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "khảo cổ học" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "vönotav" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "archaeoleg" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "archeology" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "âldheidkunde" }, { "_dis1": "24 24 24 28", "code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "arkheologye", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "אַרכעאָלאָגיע" } ], "word": "archaeology" }
{ "categories": [ "English 5-syllable words", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English entries with topic categories using raw markup", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms prefixed with archaeo-", "English terms suffixed with -logy", "English terms with IPA pronunciation", "English terms with audio links", "English uncountable nouns", "English undefined derivations", "en:Archaeology", "en:History" ], "derived": [ { "word": "archaeologic" }, { "word": "archaeological" }, { "word": "archaeologist" }, { "word": "dendroarchaeology" }, { "word": "ethnoarchaeology" }, { "word": "geoarchaeology" }, { "word": "maritime archaeology" }, { "word": "software archaeology" }, { "word": "xenoarchaeology" }, { "word": "zooarchaeology" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "grc", "3": "ἀρχαιολογία", "4": "", "5": "antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”)", "name": "uder" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "ἀρχαῖος", "3": "", "4": "primal, old, ancient" }, "expansion": "ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "λόγος", "3": "", "4": "speech, oration, study" }, "expansion": "λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "archaeo-", "3": "-logy" }, "expansion": "By surface analysis, archaeo- + -logy", "name": "surf" } ], "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología, “antiquarian lore, ancient legends, history”), from ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “primal, old, ancient”) + λόγος (lógos, “speech, oration, study”). By surface analysis, archaeo- + -logy.", "forms": [ { "form": "archaeologies", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "archaeology (countable and uncountable, plural archaeologies)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hypernyms": [ { "word": "humanities" } ], "hyponyms": [ { "word": "alternative archaeology" }, { "word": "bioarchaeology" }, { "word": "cult archaeology" }, { "word": "dendroarchaeology" }, { "word": "ethnoarchaeology" }, { "word": "field archaeology" }, { "word": "geoarchaeology" }, { "word": "maritime archaeology" }, { "word": "media archaeology" }, { "word": "osteoarchaeology" }, { "word": "xenoarchaeology" }, { "word": "zooarchaeology" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "archaic" }, { "word": "archaism" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "The building's developers have asked for some archaeology to be undertaken.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "the actual excavation, examination, analysis and interpretation." ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "The archaeology will tell us which methods of burial were used by the Ancient Greeks.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "the actual remains together with their location in the stratigraphy." ], "links": [ [ "stratigraphy", "stratigraphy" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "She studied archaeology at Edinburgh University.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "the academic subject; in the USA: one of the four sub-disciplines of anthropology." ], "links": [ [ "academic", "academic" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1997, Chris Horrocks, Introducing Foucault, Totem Books, Icon Books, pages 36, 63, and 64", "text": "He first presented a complementary thesis on the Enlightenment philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), in which he used the term “archaeology” for the first time, and which indicated the period of history to which he was constantly to return.\nThe latent grid of knowledge which organizes every scientific discourse and defines what can or cannot be thought scientifically — the process of uncovering these levels Foucault calls 'archaeology'.\n“Archaeology”, as the investigation of that which renders necessary a certain form of thought, implies an excavation of unconsciously organized sediments of thought. Unlike a history of ideas, it doesn’t assume that knowledge accumulates towards any historical conclusion. Archaeology ignores individuals and their histories. It prefers to excavate impersonal structures of knowledge.\nArchaeology is a task that doesn’t consist of treating discourse as signs referring to a real content like madness. It treats discourses, such as medicine, as practices that form the objects of which they speak.", "type": "quotation" } ], "glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:", "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains" ], "raw_glosses": [ "The study of the past by excavation and analysis of its material remains:" ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˌɑː.kiˈɒl.ə.d͡ʒi/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-archaeology.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-archaeology.ogg/En-us-archaeology.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-archaeology.ogg", "tags": [ "US" ], "text": "Audio (US)" } ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "Commonwealth", "archaic" ], "word": "archæology" }, { "tags": [ "US" ], "word": "archeology" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "argeologie" }, { "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologji" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕilmu l-ʔāṯār", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "عِلْمُ الآثَار" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʔāṯār", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural" ], "word": "آثَار" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "ʕilmu l-ʔāṯāri l-qadīma", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "عِلْمُ الْآثَارِ الْقَدِيمَة" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "hnagitutʿyun", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "հնագիտություն" }, { "code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueoloxía" }, { "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arxeologiya" }, { "code": "ba", "lang": "Bashkir", "roman": "arxeologiya", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археология" }, { "code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologia" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "arxjealóhija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археало́гія" }, { "code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "protnototto", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "প্রত্নতত্ত্ব" }, { "code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arkeologiezh" }, { "code": "br", "lang": "Breton", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "henoniezh" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "arheologija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археология" }, { "code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "hre:haung:su.tesa.na.pa.nya", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "ရှေးဟောင်းသုတေသနပညာ" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueologia" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "考古學" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "kǎogǔxué", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "考古学" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologie" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkæologi" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologie" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "oudheidkunde" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arĥeologio" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologio" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arheoloogia" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologia" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archéologie" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueoloxía" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "arkeologia", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "არქეოლოგია" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Archäologie" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Altertumskunde" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "archaiología", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "αρχαιολογία" }, { "code": "ht", "lang": "Haitian Creole", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "akeyoloji" }, { "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "arkheologia", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "ארכאולוגיה" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "purātatva", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "पुरातत्व" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "archeológia" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "régészet" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "fornleifafræði" }, { "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologio" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologi" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "seandálaíocht" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologia" }, { "alt": "こうこがく", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kōkogaku", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "考古学" }, { "code": "kn", "lang": "Kannada", "roman": "purātattva śāstra", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "ಪುರಾತತ್ತ್ವ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ" }, { "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "arxeologiä", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археология" }, { "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bo’raan vityie", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "បុរាណវិទ្យា" }, { "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "bo’raan voattʰo’ vityie", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "បុរាណវត្ថុវិទ្យា" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gogohak", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "고고학" }, { "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeolojî" }, { "code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "arheologiya", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археология" }, { "code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "bū hān wi tha nyā", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "ບູຮານວິທະຍາ" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "archaeologia" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arheoloģija" }, { "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologija" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "arheologija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археологија" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeologi" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "kaji purba" }, { "code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "purāvastuśāstraṁ", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "പുരാവസ്തുശാസ്ത്രം" }, { "code": "gv", "lang": "Manx", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "shenndaaleeaght" }, { "code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "mātai whaipara tangata" }, { "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "purātattvaśāstra", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "पुरातत्त्वशास्त्र" }, { "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "arxeologi", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "археологи" }, { "code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "purātattvaśāstra", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "पुरातत्त्वशास्त्र" }, { "code": "nrf", "lang": "Norman", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "Jersey", "feminine" ], "word": "archéologie" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arkeologi" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arkeologi" }, { "code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueologia" }, { "code": "ps", "lang": "Pashto", "roman": "larγunpohəna", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "لرغونپوهنه" }, { "code": "fa", "lang": "Persian", "roman": "bâstân-šenâsi", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "باستانشناسی" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologia" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueologia" }, { "code": "rgn", "lang": "Romagnol", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologì" }, { "code": "rgn", "lang": "Romagnol", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeologèja" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arheologie" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "arxeológija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археоло́гия" }, { "code": "sco", "lang": "Scots", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "airchaeologie" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "arc-eòlas" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "àrsaidheachd" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "feminine" ], "word": "археологија" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "Roman", "feminine" ], "word": "arheologija" }, { "code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archioluggìa" }, { "code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "archeológia" }, { "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arheologija" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "arqueología" }, { "code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "akiolojia" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "arkeologi" }, { "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeolohiya" }, { "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "palaagnusan" }, { "code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "bostonšinosī", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "бостоншиносӣ" }, { "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "tolliyal", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "தொல்லியல்" }, { "code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "purātatva śāstramu", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "పురాతత్వ శాస్త్రము" }, { "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "boo-raan-ná-ká-dii", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "โบราณคดี" }, { "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "gna' dngos rig gnas", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "གནའ་དངོས་རིག་གནས" }, { "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "gna' rdzas rtog zhib", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "གནའ་རྫས་རྟོག་ཞིབ" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arkeoloji" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "kazıbilim" }, { "code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arheologiýa" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "arxeolóhija", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "археоло́гія" }, { "code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "arxeologiya" }, { "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "khảo cổ học" }, { "code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "vönotav" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "archaeoleg" }, { "code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "archeology" }, { "code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "word": "âldheidkunde" }, { "code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "arkheologye", "sense": "scientific study of past remains", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "אַרכעאָלאָגיע" } ], "word": "archaeology" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.