See substance in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for substance meaning in English (40.4kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "nothing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "vacuum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "void"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "energy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "force"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "heat"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "light"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "power"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "ego"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "dream"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "mind"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "personality"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "phantom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "shadow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "soul"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "spirit"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "economic substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "exosubstance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ground substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mucosubstance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "multisubstance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nanosubstance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Nissl substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonsubstance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "perfluoroalkyl substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "polyfluoroalkyl substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "polysubstance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "queen substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substance dependence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substancehood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substanceless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substanceness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substance-wise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substantification"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substantify"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Middle English substance",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Old French substance",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "substantia",
"t": "substance, essence"
},
"expansion": "Latin substantia (“substance, essence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substāns"
},
"expansion": "substāns",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substō",
"lit": "stand under",
"t": "exist"
},
"expansion": "substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stō",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "stō (“stand”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "andweorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English andweorc",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English substance, from Old French substance, from Latin substantia (“substance, essence”), from substāns, present active participle of substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”), from sub + stō (“stand”). Displaced native Old English andweorc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "substances",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "substance (countable and uncountable, plural substances)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"holonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "plenum"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "gas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "liquid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "solid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "food"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subsist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substantial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substantive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations",
"text": "Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physical matter; material."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-en:stuff",
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:stuff"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "matter"
},
{
"word": "stuff"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 31 14 1 25 7 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 28 9 1 15 4 6 4 12 13 4 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physical matter; material.",
"A form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-en:stuff1",
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:stuff",
"en:homogeneous"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "matter"
},
{
"word": "stuff"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 59 4 1 9 3 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "veštestvo",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 59 4 1 9 3 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 59 4 1 9 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nivtiereba",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"word": "ნივთიერება"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 59 4 1 9 3 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "damhna"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 59 4 1 9 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"word": "pūmatū"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1684-1690, Thomas Burnet, Sacred Theory of the Earth\nThis edition is the same in substance with the Latin."
},
{
"ref": "1796, Edmund Burke, Letters on a Regicide Peace",
"text": "It is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance it is not only insulting, but alarming.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The essential part of anything; the most vital part."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-oxmiIWsN",
"links": [
[
"essential",
"essential"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crux"
},
{
"word": "gist"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ēutʿyun",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "էություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎštnost",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "същност"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substància"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "實質"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shízhì",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "实质"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "podstata"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "hovedindhold"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "ydin"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "substanssi"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "olemus"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fond"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "arsi",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "არსი"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ουσία"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οὐσία"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tókhen",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "תוכן"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "lényeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "szubsztancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kosshi",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "骨子"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"alt": "本質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bonjil",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "본질"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"alt": "實質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "siljil",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "실질"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substantia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "tino"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "istota"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substância"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substanță"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súščnostʹ",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́щность"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "susbaint"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jai-kwaam",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "ใจความ"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 68 3 4 4 9",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "แก่นสาร"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Some textile fabrics have little substance.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Substantiality; solidity; firmness."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-BgK7HxXe",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "rakenne"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerna"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "miolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"alt": "實體",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "silche",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "실체"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"alt": "本質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bonjil",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "본질"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 1 96 1 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "enjundia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a man of substance",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Material possessions; estate; property; resources."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-bt~aEd6e",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "imuštestvo",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "имущество"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "資產"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zīchǎn",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "资产"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "財產"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cáichǎn",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "财产"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "formue"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "varat"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "varallisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "biens"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "bens"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "periousía",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "περιουσία"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οὐσία"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "vagyon"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"alt": "資產",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jasan",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "자산"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"alt": "財產",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaesan",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "재산"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "formue"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "majątek"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "riqueza"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substanță"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ves",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вес"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 13 3 1 68 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "resurs"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "substance abuse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Drugs (illegal narcotics)"
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-b34yud4l",
"links": [
[
"Drugs",
"drug"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dope"
},
{
"word": "gear"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wùzhì",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúpǐn",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "毒品"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "aineet"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ousíes",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ουσίες"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "szer"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"alt": "麻藥",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "mayak",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "마약"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "narkotika"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "narkotika"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stoff"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "narkotyk"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substância"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "drog"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "narcotic"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "veščestvó",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество́"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 4 2 2 4 79 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "substans"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Philosophy",
"orig": "en:Philosophy",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "en:Theology",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ousia, essence; underlying reality or hypostasis in the philosophical sense."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-noun-zyUOmeLp",
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"Ousia",
"ousia"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
],
[
"hypostasis",
"hypostasis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology, philosophy) Ousia, essence; underlying reality or hypostasis in the philosophical sense."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"lifestyle",
"philosophy",
"religion",
"sciences",
"theology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌbstəns/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsʌbstənts]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbstəns"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-substance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg/En-us-substance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "substaunce"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "corporeity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "body"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "mass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "material"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "matter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "stuff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "substance"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancë"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lëndë"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mādda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مَادَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nyutʿ",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "նյութ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "maddə"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "matdə",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "матдә"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "réčyva",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "рэ́чыва"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "substáncyja",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нцыя"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "podartho",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "পদার্থ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "veštestvó",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество́"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "substáncija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нция"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "drap",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ဒြပ်"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substància"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "mat⁶ zat¹",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "物质"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wùzhì",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "wuu",
"lang": "Wu Chinese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "wuu",
"lang": "Wu Chinese",
"roman": "⁵veq-tseq",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "látka"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "masse"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substantie"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "substanco"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "aine"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "aine"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "materia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substance"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nivtiereba",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ნივთიერება"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stoff"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ουσία"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οὐσία"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "húlē",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ὕλη"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupóstasis",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ὑπόστασις"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khómer",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חומר \\ חֹמֶר"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "padārth",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पदार्थ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vastu",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "वस्तु"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "anyag"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "tartalom"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "efni"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "zat"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mianach"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "damhna"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sostanza"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "busshitsu",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "zat",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "зат"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "vŏətthoʼ",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "វត្ថុ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"alt": "物質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "muljil",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "물질"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "made"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "zat",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "зат"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sa sān",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ສະສານ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substantia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "materia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viela"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "medžiaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "supstancija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "супстанција"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "bahan"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "zat"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "matū"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "pūmatū"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "kiko"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bodis",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бодис"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bodas",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "masse"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "andweorc"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "mādá",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ماده"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mâdde",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ماده"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancja"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substância"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substanță"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "veščestvó",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество́"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "substáncija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нция"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "matérija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мате́рия"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "супста̀нца"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "supstànca"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "látka"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "snov"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ämne"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "modda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "модда"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "matdä",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "матдә"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "padārthamu",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "పదార్థము"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sà-sǎan",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "สสาร"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "madde"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "madda"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rečovyná",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "речовина́"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "substáncija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нція"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "māda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "مادہ"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "madda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ماددا"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "modda"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"alt": "物質",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "vật chất"
},
{
"_dis1": "42 42 3 1 6 3 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "materye",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "מאַטעריע"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"substance"
],
"word": "substance"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Middle English substance",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Old French substance",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "substantia",
"t": "substance, essence"
},
"expansion": "Latin substantia (“substance, essence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substāns"
},
"expansion": "substāns",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substō",
"lit": "stand under",
"t": "exist"
},
"expansion": "substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stō",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "stō (“stand”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "andweorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English andweorc",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English substance, from Old French substance, from Latin substantia (“substance, essence”), from substāns, present active participle of substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”), from sub + stō (“stand”). Displaced native Old English andweorc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "substances",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "substancing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "substanced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "substanced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "substance (third-person singular simple present substances, present participle substancing, simple past and past participle substanced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, Adeline Dutton Train Whitney, The Other Girls, page 335",
"text": "If life were nothing but what gets phrased and substanced, the world might as well be rolled up and laid away again in darkness.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1982, Dhupaty V. K. Raghavacharyulu, The Song of the Red Rose and Other Poems, page 78",
"text": "The calm ruminating / Reverie, substancing / Intellect into emotion, / Is shelter enough for love / Unhumiliated by faith.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give substance to; to make real or substantial."
],
"id": "en-substance-en-verb-ioX1o8xS",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, transitive) To give substance to; to make real or substantial."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "style"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌbstəns/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsʌbstənts]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbstəns"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-substance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg/En-us-substance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg",
"tags": [
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],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "substaunce"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"substance"
],
"word": "substance"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "nothing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "vacuum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "void"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "energy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "force"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "heat"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "light"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "power"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "ego"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "dream"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "mind"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "personality"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "phantom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "shadow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "soul"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "spirit"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Azerbaijani translations",
"Requests for review of Bulgarian translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Requests for review of Middle English translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Slovak translations",
"Requests for review of Tibetan translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Welsh translations",
"Requests for review of Yiddish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbstəns",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbstəns/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "economic substance"
},
{
"word": "exosubstance"
},
{
"word": "ground substance"
},
{
"word": "mucosubstance"
},
{
"word": "multisubstance"
},
{
"word": "nanosubstance"
},
{
"word": "Nissl substance"
},
{
"word": "nonsubstance"
},
{
"word": "perfluoroalkyl substance"
},
{
"word": "polyfluoroalkyl substance"
},
{
"word": "polysubstance"
},
{
"word": "queen substance"
},
{
"word": "substance dependence"
},
{
"word": "substancehood"
},
{
"word": "substanceless"
},
{
"word": "substanceness"
},
{
"word": "substance-wise"
},
{
"word": "substantification"
},
{
"word": "substantify"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Middle English substance",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Old French substance",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "substantia",
"t": "substance, essence"
},
"expansion": "Latin substantia (“substance, essence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substāns"
},
"expansion": "substāns",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substō",
"lit": "stand under",
"t": "exist"
},
"expansion": "substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stō",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "stō (“stand”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "andweorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English andweorc",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English substance, from Old French substance, from Latin substantia (“substance, essence”), from substāns, present active participle of substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”), from sub + stō (“stand”). Displaced native Old English andweorc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "substances",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "substance (countable and uncountable, plural substances)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"holonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "plenum"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "gas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "liquid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "solid"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "food"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "subsist"
},
{
"word": "substantial"
},
{
"word": "substantive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1699, William Temple, Heads designed for an essay on conversations",
"text": "Study gives strength to the mind; conversation, grace: the first apt to give stiffness, the other suppleness: one gives substance and form to the statue, the other polishes it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Physical matter; material."
],
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:stuff"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "matter"
},
{
"word": "stuff"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"glosses": [
"Physical matter; material.",
"A form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties."
],
"links": [
[
"matter",
"matter"
],
[
"material",
"material"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:stuff",
"en:homogeneous"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "matter"
},
{
"word": "stuff"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1684-1690, Thomas Burnet, Sacred Theory of the Earth\nThis edition is the same in substance with the Latin."
},
{
"ref": "1796, Edmund Burke, Letters on a Regicide Peace",
"text": "It is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance it is not only insulting, but alarming.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The essential part of anything; the most vital part."
],
"links": [
[
"essential",
"essential"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crux"
},
{
"word": "gist"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Some textile fabrics have little substance.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Substantiality; solidity; firmness."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a man of substance",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Material possessions; estate; property; resources."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "substance abuse",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Drugs (illegal narcotics)"
],
"links": [
[
"Drugs",
"drug"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dope"
},
{
"word": "gear"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Philosophy",
"en:Theology"
],
"glosses": [
"Ousia, essence; underlying reality or hypostasis in the philosophical sense."
],
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"Ousia",
"ousia"
],
[
"essence",
"essence"
],
[
"reality",
"reality"
],
[
"hypostasis",
"hypostasis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology, philosophy) Ousia, essence; underlying reality or hypostasis in the philosophical sense."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"lifestyle",
"philosophy",
"religion",
"sciences",
"theology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌbstəns/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsʌbstənts]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbstəns"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-substance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg/En-us-substance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "substaunce"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "corporeity"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "body"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "mass"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "material"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "matter"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "stuff"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:substance",
"word": "substance"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lëndë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mādda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مَادَّة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "nyutʿ",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "նյութ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "maddə"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "matdə",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "матдә"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "réčyva",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "рэ́чыва"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "substáncyja",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нцыя"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "podartho",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "পদার্থ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "veštestvó",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "substáncija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нция"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "drap",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ဒြပ်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substància"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "mat⁶ zat¹",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "物質"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "物质"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wùzhì",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"code": "wuu",
"lang": "Wu Chinese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"code": "wuu",
"lang": "Wu Chinese",
"roman": "⁵veq-tseq",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "látka"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "masse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substantie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "substanco"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "aine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "aine"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "materia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substance"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nivtiereba",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ნივთიერება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Stoff"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ουσία"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οὐσία"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "húlē",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ὕλη"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "hupóstasis",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ὑπόστασις"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khómer",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חומר \\ חֹמֶר"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "padārth",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पदार्थ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "vastu",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "वस्तु"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "anyag"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "tartalom"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "efni"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "zat"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mianach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "damhna"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sostanza"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "busshitsu",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "zat",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "зат"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "vŏətthoʼ",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "វត្ថុ"
},
{
"alt": "物質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "muljil",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "물질"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "made"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "zat",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "зат"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "sa sān",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ສະສານ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substantia"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "materia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "viela"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "medžiaga"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "supstancija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "супстанција"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "bahan"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "zat"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "matū"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "pūmatū"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "kiko"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bodis",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бодис"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bodas",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "masse"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "andweorc"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "mādá",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ماده"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "mâdde",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ماده"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substância"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substanță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "veščestvó",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "substáncija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "matérija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мате́рия"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "супста̀нца"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "supstànca"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "látka"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "snov"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ämne"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "modda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "модда"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "matdä",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "матдә"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "padārthamu",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "పదార్థము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "sà-sǎan",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "สสาร"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "madde"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "madda"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "rečovyná",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "речовина́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "substáncija",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"literary"
],
"word": "субста́нція"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "māda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "مادہ"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "madda",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "ماددا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "modda"
},
{
"alt": "物質",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"word": "vật chất"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "materye",
"sense": "physical matter; material — see also matter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "מאַטעריע"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ēutʿyun",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "էություն"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sǎštnost",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "същност"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substància"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "實質"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shízhì",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "实质"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "podstata"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substance"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "hovedindhold"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "ydin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "substanssi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "olemus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substance"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fond"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "arsi",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "არსი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ουσία"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οὐσία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tókhen",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "תוכן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "lényeg"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "szubsztancia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kosshi",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "骨子"
},
{
"alt": "本質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bonjil",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "본질"
},
{
"alt": "實質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "siljil",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "실질"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substantia"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "tino"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "istota"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substância"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substanță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súščnostʹ",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́щность"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "susbaint"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "essential part",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "jai-kwaam",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "ใจความ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "essential part",
"word": "แก่นสาร"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "rakenne"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cerna"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "miolo"
},
{
"alt": "實體",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "silche",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "실체"
},
{
"alt": "本質",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bonjil",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "본질"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "substantiality; solidity; firmness",
"word": "enjundia"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "imuštestvo",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "имущество"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "資產"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zīchǎn",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "资产"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "財產"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cáichǎn",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "财产"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "formue"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "varat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "varallisuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "biens"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "bens"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "periousía",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "περιουσία"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ousía",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "οὐσία"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "vagyon"
},
{
"alt": "資產",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jasan",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "자산"
},
{
"alt": "財產",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaesan",
"sense": "material possessions",
"word": "재산"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "formue"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "majątek"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "riqueza"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substanță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ves",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вес"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sustancia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "material possessions",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "resurs"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "veštestvo",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nivtiereba",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"word": "ნივთიერება"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "damhna"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties",
"word": "pūmatū"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "物質"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wùzhì",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "物质"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dúpǐn",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "毒品"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "aineet"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substancia"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Substanz"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ousíes",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ουσίες"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "szer"
},
{
"alt": "麻藥",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "mayak",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "마약"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "drugs",
"word": "narkotika"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "narkotika"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stoff"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "substans"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "narkotyk"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "substância"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "drog"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "narcotic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "veščestvó",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вещество́"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "drugs",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "substans"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"substance"
],
"word": "substance"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of Azerbaijani translations",
"Requests for review of Bulgarian translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Requests for review of Middle English translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Slovak translations",
"Requests for review of Tibetan translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Requests for review of Welsh translations",
"Requests for review of Yiddish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbstəns",
"Rhymes:English/ʌbstəns/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Middle English substance",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "substance"
},
"expansion": "Old French substance",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "substantia",
"t": "substance, essence"
},
"expansion": "Latin substantia (“substance, essence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substāns"
},
"expansion": "substāns",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "substō",
"lit": "stand under",
"t": "exist"
},
"expansion": "substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sub"
},
"expansion": "sub",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "stō",
"t": "stand"
},
"expansion": "stō (“stand”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "andweorc"
},
"expansion": "Old English andweorc",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English substance, from Old French substance, from Latin substantia (“substance, essence”), from substāns, present active participle of substō (“exist”, literally “stand under”), from sub + stō (“stand”). Displaced native Old English andweorc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "substances",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "substancing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "substanced",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "substanced",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "substance (third-person singular simple present substances, present participle substancing, simple past and past participle substanced)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "style"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1873, Adeline Dutton Train Whitney, The Other Girls, page 335",
"text": "If life were nothing but what gets phrased and substanced, the world might as well be rolled up and laid away again in darkness.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1982, Dhupaty V. K. Raghavacharyulu, The Song of the Red Rose and Other Poems, page 78",
"text": "The calm ruminating / Reverie, substancing / Intellect into emotion, / Is shelter enough for love / Unhumiliated by faith.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give substance to; to make real or substantial."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, transitive) To give substance to; to make real or substantial."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsʌbstəns/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsʌbstənts]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌbstəns"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-substance.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg/En-us-substance.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/En-us-substance.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "substaunce"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"substance"
],
"word": "substance"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": bu̍t-chit vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"substance"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "substance",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.