See elf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for elf meaning in English (38.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dark elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf and safety"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf arrow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf-bolt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf-cap moss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf circle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfdom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfette"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfhood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfinwood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf king"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Elfland"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elflike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elflock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf owl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf queen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elf-shot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "half-elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "light elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "machine elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "were-elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wood elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wood-elf"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "إِلْف",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: إِلْف (ʔilf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: إِلْف (ʔilf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "elf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: elf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: elf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "elfe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: elfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: elfe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Elf",
"3": "Elfe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Elf, Elfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Elf, Elfe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "エルフ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "erufu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: エルフ (erufu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: エルフ (erufu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "엘프",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 엘프 (elpeu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 엘프 (elpeu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "эльф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: эльф (elʹf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: эльф (elʹf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ельф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ельф (elʹf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: ельф (elʹf)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English elf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ielf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ielf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ælf"
},
"expansion": "ælf",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*albi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *albi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*albiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *albiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂elbʰós",
"4": "",
"5": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "alf",
"3": "oaf"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of alf and oaf",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English elf, from Old English ielf, ælf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi, from Proto-Germanic *albiz. Ultimately probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”). Doublet of alf and oaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "elves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "elfs",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "elves",
"2": "elfs",
"pl2qual": "now nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "elf (plural elves or (now nonstandard) elfs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wood elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wood-elf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elfin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elvan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elvish"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Norse mythology",
"orig": "en:Norse mythology",
"parents": [
"Mythology",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 14 3 25 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1594, Tho[mas] Nashe, The Terrors of the Night or, A Discourse of Apparitions, London: […] Iohn Danter for William Iones, […]",
"text": "Their Robbin-good-fellowes, Elfes, Fairies, Hobgoblins of our latter age, which idolatrous former daies and the fantasticall world of Greece ycleaped Fawnes, Satyres, Dryades & Hamadryades, did most of their merry prankes in the Night.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1649, ΕΙΚΩΝ Ἡ ΠΙΣΤΗ. Or, The Faithfull Pourtraicture of a Loyall Subject, in Vindication of ΕΙΚΏΝ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΉ. […], page 16",
"text": "[…] I had rather have a Child which my Wife ſhould bring me, though by another man, then to have a Changeling brought me by a company of Fairies, Elfs and Goblins: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1657, Peter Heylyn, Cosmographie in Four Books. Containing the Chorographie and Historie of the Whole World, and All the Principal Kingdoms, Provinces, Seas, and Isles Thereof., 2nd edition, London: […] Henry Seile, […], page 131",
"text": "The quarrel ſpreading into parties, called the Guelfs and the Gibellines, became at laſt the wonder and amazement of all good people: inſomuch as ſome are of opinion, that the fiction of the Elfs and Goblins, wherewith we uſe to fright young children, was derived from hence.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1678, The Shepherds Calendar: Containing Twelve Æglogues, Proportionable to the Twelve Months. […], London: […] Henry Hills for Jonathan Edwin, […], page 26",
"text": "The opinion of Fairies and Elfs is very old, and yet ſticketh very religiously in the minds of ſome. But to root that rank opinion of Elfs out of mens hearts, the truth is, that there be no ſuch things, nor yet the ſhadows of the things, but only by a ſort of bald Friers and knaviſh ſhavelings ſo faigned; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1690, William Cleland, A Collection of Several Poems and Verses, Composed upon Various Occasions, published 1697, page 59",
"text": "For there and ſeveral other places / About mill dams and green brae faces, / Both Elrich, Elfs and Brownies ſtayed, / And Green gown’d Farries daunc’d and played; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1760, Andrew Brice, “TUSCANY”, in The Grand Gazetteer; or, Topographic Dictionary, &c., page 1322, column 1",
"text": "[…]the Devaſtations under the Goths, Guelphs, and Gibelines [whence ſome would derive the Terms of Elfs (or Elves) or Fairies, and Goblins (or Hobgoblins) or Spectres, &c.] […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1802, J[ames] Sibbald, “Glossary; or An Explanation of Ancient Scottish Words”, in Chronicle of Scottish Poetry; from the Thirteenth Century, to the Union of the Crowns: To Which Is Added a Glossary, volume IV, Edinburgh: […] [F]or J. Sibbald, […], [b]y C. Stewart & Co. […]",
"text": "Farefolkis, fairies, elfs, or elves; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1850, Matthew Stewart, Remarks on the Subject of Language, with Some Observations in the Form of Notes, Illustrative of the Information Which Language May Afford of the History and Opinions of Mankind, London: […] Richard and John Edward Taylor, […], for, […] the Author, page 14",
"text": "These Picts are the Clan Alpin, the Alps, or Elfs or Elves,—[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1852, William Bell, Shakespeare’s Puck, and His Folkslore, Illustrated from the Superstitions of All Nations, but More Especially from the Earliest Religion and Rites of Northern Europe and the Wends, London, page 58",
"text": "The next species of these airy nothings are the elfs, or elves; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1868, S[abine] Baring-Gould, “The Piper of Hameln”, in Curious Myths of the Middle Ages, second series, Philadelphia, Pa.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott & Co.; London: Rivingtons, page 173",
"text": "The Arbhus became in Teutonic mythology the Alben, Elben or Elfen, our Elfs, and in Scandinavian the Alfar.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1868, David Hume, William Cooke Stafford, The History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time; Compiled from the Most Authentic Sources, volume I, London, New York, N.Y.: The London Printing and Publishing Company, Limited, page 53, column 1",
"text": "The elfs or elves were inhabitants of the fields and groves, the progenitors of the fairies of the middle ages; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1877, Sidney Lanier, “The Hard Times in Elfland. A Story of Christmas Eve.”, in [Mary Lanier], editor, Poems of Sidney Lanier, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1884, page 159",
"text": "Since you’ve been out, the news arrives / The Elfs’ Insurance Company’s gone.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1879, William Henderson, “Index”, in Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties of England and the Borders. […], London: […] [F]or the Folk-Lore Society by W. Satchell, Peyton and Co., […], page 364",
"text": "Eve, Danish legend of her concealing her unwashed children, from whom come elfs, trolls, &c.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1889 May, “[Literary Notices.] The Folk-Lore of Plants. By T. F. Thiselton Dyer. […]”, in Popular Science, page 128, column 1",
"text": "Much of fairy lore clusters around the so-called fairy rings, that is, the green circles in old pastures within which the elfs were supposed to dance at night by the light of the moon.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1903, Henry Yule, A[rthur] C[oke] Burnell, “NAT, s.”, in William Crooke, editor, Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms, Etymological, Historical, Geographical and Discursive, London: John Murray, […], page 619, column 2",
"text": "NAT,[…]; a term applied to all spiritual beings, angels, elfs, demons, or what not, including the gods of the Hindus.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1917 November, Elizabeth Clendenning Ring, “Florence Earle Coates: Some Phases of Her Life and Poetry”, in The Book News Monthly, volume 36, page 109, column 1",
"text": "Elfs and fays, from their haunts in the mountains, whistle their eerie ballads above the gray roof of “Dove Cottage,” and dance their ghostly jigs on the huge hearthstone, among whose blazing logs the Fire God paints his immortal canvases, with colorings splendid beyond the dream of man.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Heilan Yvette Grimes, The Norse Myths, Hollow Earth Publishing, page 254",
"text": "Alfs [elfs]: Another name for the elfs or elves.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A luminous spirit presiding over nature and fertility and dwelling in the world of Álfheim (Elfland). Compare angel, nymph, fairy."
],
"id": "en-elf-en-noun-jCZGXlXW",
"links": [
[
"Norse",
"Norse"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"Álfheim",
"Álfheim"
],
[
"Elfland",
"Elfland"
],
[
"angel",
"angel"
],
[
"nymph",
"nymph"
],
[
"fairy",
"fairy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Norse mythology) A luminous spirit presiding over nature and fertility and dwelling in the world of Álfheim (Elfland). Compare angel, nymph, fairy."
],
"tags": [
"Norse"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "精靈"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnglíng",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "精灵"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "álf"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "elver"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "valohaltia"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfus"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alv"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "alʹv",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "альв"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "эльф"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erfu"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alv"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "älva"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "alf"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "alʹv",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "альв"
},
{
"_dis1": "53 11 32 1 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ельф"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 32 13 2 21 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 14 3 25 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882 October 7, “The Life of George Cruikshank: in Two Epochs. By Blanchard Jerrold. […]”, in The Athenæum: Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, number 2867, London: […] John C. Francis, […], page 471, column 1",
"text": "We may add, and our author has knowledge of the fact, that not even the Germans, those masterly delineators and imaginators of fairy-land, have shown greater or more exquisite insight into the lives and ways of elfs and fays than that which was shown by George Cruikshank.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 281",
"text": "All the fairy tales of my childhood were conjured up before my startled imagination, and appeared to be realised in the forms which surrounded me; I saw the whole forest filled with trolls, elves, and sporting dwarfs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any from a race of mythical, supernatural beings resembling but seen as distinct from human beings. They are usually delicate-featured and skilled in magic or spellcrafting; sometimes depicted as clashing with dwarves, especially in modern fantasy literature."
],
"id": "en-elf-en-noun-N3dEOyeN",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"mythical",
"mythical"
],
[
"supernatural",
"supernatural"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"human being",
"human being"
],
[
"magic",
"magic"
],
[
"spellcraft",
"spellcraft"
],
[
"clashing",
"clashing"
],
[
"dwarves",
"dwarves"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "20 45 20 14 1",
"english": "hostile",
"sense": "supernatural creature",
"word": "goblin"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 45 20 14 1",
"english": "small, mischievous",
"sense": "supernatural creature",
"word": "fairy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔālf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "آلْف"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "bar",
"lang": "Bavarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "Åip"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "елф"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "精靈"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnglíng",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "精灵"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "alf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "haldjas"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "haltia"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "tonttu"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "keiju"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "peikko"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "maahinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lutin"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "farfadet"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ouva"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "elpi",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "ელფი"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elb"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Alb"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Alp"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Elbin"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Elfin"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alb"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alp"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xotikó",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ξωτικό"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אלף"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dev",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "देव"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "apsarā",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "अप्सरा"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "elph",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "एल्फ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "एल्फ़"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "manó"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "tündér"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "tünde"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "álfur"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "lucharachán"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ealbh"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"alt": "ようせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yōsei",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "妖精"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "erufu",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "エルフ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "elpeu",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "엘프"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yojeong",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "요정"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfus"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfs"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfas"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elfė"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vílenik",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ви́леник"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "džúdže",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "џу́џе"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "елф"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "nanu"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "elpha",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "एल्फ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alv"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "ielf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alp"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "álfr"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "osx",
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "الف"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "vorujak",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "وروجک"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "эльф"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "eemock"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sìthiche"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luspardan"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tàcharan"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "патуљак"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "вилељак"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "patuljak"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "vilenjak"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erfu"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "donni di casa"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škriatok"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duende"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "kibwengo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 66 19 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ельф"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fantasy",
"orig": "en:Fantasy",
"parents": [
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 14 3 25 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 24 47 2 3 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "en:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [
"Fantasy",
"Mythology",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Society",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 34 2 12 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Stock characters",
"orig": "en:Stock characters",
"parents": [
"Fictional characters",
"Fiction",
"Artistic works",
"Art",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of the magical, typically forest-guarding races bearing some similarities to the Norse álfar (through Tolkien's Eldar)."
],
"id": "en-elf-en-noun-Cb4RVV4E",
"links": [
[
"fantasy",
"fantasy"
],
[
"álfar",
"álfar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fantasy) Any of the magical, typically forest-guarding races bearing some similarities to the Norse álfar (through Tolkien's Eldar)."
],
"topics": [
"fantasy"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "精靈"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnglíng",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "精灵"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "haltia"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ouva"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "tünde"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfus"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "эльф"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erfu"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 24 61 5 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "alv"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A very diminutive person; a dwarf."
],
"id": "en-elf-en-noun-wG5bDjWb",
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive"
],
[
"dwarf",
"dwarf"
],
[
"Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary",
"w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909"
],
[
"G. & C. Merriam",
"w:Merriam-Webster"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South African English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 29 14 3 25 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 21 20 2 31 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Percoid fish",
"orig": "en:Percoid fish",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)."
],
"id": "en-elf-en-noun-NpTUrhkG",
"links": [
[
"bluefish",
"bluefish"
],
[
"Pomatomus saltatrix",
"Pomatomus saltatrix#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa) The bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-elf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg/En-us-elf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ĕlf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "elve"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"A Dictionary of the English Language",
"Andrew Brice",
"Edmund Spenser",
"Google Ngram Viewer",
"John Dryden",
"Laurence Eusden",
"Nathaniel Hawthorne",
"Oliver and Boyd",
"Paul Laurence Dunbar",
"Peter Heylyn",
"Sabine Baring-Gould",
"Sidney Lanier",
"Thomas Nashe",
"elf"
],
"word": "elf"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English elf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ielf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ielf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ælf"
},
"expansion": "ælf",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*albi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *albi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*albiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *albiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂elbʰós",
"4": "",
"5": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "alf",
"3": "oaf"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of alf and oaf",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English elf, from Old English ielf, ælf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi, from Proto-Germanic *albiz. Ultimately probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”). Doublet of alf and oaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "elfs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "elfing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "elfed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "elfed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "elf (third-person singular simple present elfs, present participle elfing, simple past and past participle elfed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 29 14 3 25 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To twist into elflocks (of hair); to mat."
],
"id": "en-elf-en-verb-ZUmy7gPW",
"links": [
[
"twist",
"twist"
],
[
"elflock",
"elflock"
],
[
"mat",
"mat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) To twist into elflocks (of hair); to mat."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dark elf & light elf"
},
{
"word": "fairy"
},
{
"word": "brownie"
},
{
"word": "dwarf"
},
{
"word": "hobbit"
},
{
"word": "Eldar"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-elf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg/En-us-elf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ĕlf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "elve"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"elf"
],
"word": "elf"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/1 syllable",
"en:Mythological creatures",
"en:Percoid fish",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dark elf"
},
{
"word": "elf and safety"
},
{
"word": "elf arrow"
},
{
"word": "elf-bolt"
},
{
"word": "elf-cap moss"
},
{
"word": "elf circle"
},
{
"word": "elfdom"
},
{
"word": "elfette"
},
{
"word": "elfhood"
},
{
"word": "elfinwood"
},
{
"word": "elfish"
},
{
"word": "elf king"
},
{
"word": "Elfland"
},
{
"word": "elfless"
},
{
"word": "elflike"
},
{
"word": "elflock"
},
{
"word": "elf owl"
},
{
"word": "elf queen"
},
{
"word": "elfship"
},
{
"word": "elf-shot"
},
{
"word": "half-elf"
},
{
"word": "light elf"
},
{
"word": "machine elf"
},
{
"word": "were-elf"
},
{
"word": "wood elf"
},
{
"word": "wood-elf"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "إِلْف",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: إِلْف (ʔilf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: إِلْف (ʔilf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "elf",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: elf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: elf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "elfe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: elfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: elfe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Elf",
"3": "Elfe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Elf, Elfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Elf, Elfe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "エルフ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "erufu"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: エルフ (erufu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: エルフ (erufu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "엘프",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 엘프 (elpeu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 엘프 (elpeu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "эльф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: эльф (elʹf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: эльф (elʹf)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ельф",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ельф (elʹf)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: ельф (elʹf)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English elf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ielf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ielf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ælf"
},
"expansion": "ælf",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*albi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *albi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*albiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *albiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂elbʰós",
"4": "",
"5": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "alf",
"3": "oaf"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of alf and oaf",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English elf, from Old English ielf, ælf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi, from Proto-Germanic *albiz. Ultimately probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”). Doublet of alf and oaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "elves",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "elfs",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "elves",
"2": "elfs",
"pl2qual": "now nonstandard"
},
"expansion": "elf (plural elves or (now nonstandard) elfs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"word": "elven"
},
{
"word": "wood elf"
},
{
"word": "wood-elf"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "elfin"
},
{
"word": "elven"
},
{
"word": "elvan"
},
{
"word": "elvish"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Norse mythology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1594, Tho[mas] Nashe, The Terrors of the Night or, A Discourse of Apparitions, London: […] Iohn Danter for William Iones, […]",
"text": "Their Robbin-good-fellowes, Elfes, Fairies, Hobgoblins of our latter age, which idolatrous former daies and the fantasticall world of Greece ycleaped Fawnes, Satyres, Dryades & Hamadryades, did most of their merry prankes in the Night.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1649, ΕΙΚΩΝ Ἡ ΠΙΣΤΗ. Or, The Faithfull Pourtraicture of a Loyall Subject, in Vindication of ΕΙΚΏΝ ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΉ. […], page 16",
"text": "[…] I had rather have a Child which my Wife ſhould bring me, though by another man, then to have a Changeling brought me by a company of Fairies, Elfs and Goblins: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1657, Peter Heylyn, Cosmographie in Four Books. Containing the Chorographie and Historie of the Whole World, and All the Principal Kingdoms, Provinces, Seas, and Isles Thereof., 2nd edition, London: […] Henry Seile, […], page 131",
"text": "The quarrel ſpreading into parties, called the Guelfs and the Gibellines, became at laſt the wonder and amazement of all good people: inſomuch as ſome are of opinion, that the fiction of the Elfs and Goblins, wherewith we uſe to fright young children, was derived from hence.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1678, The Shepherds Calendar: Containing Twelve Æglogues, Proportionable to the Twelve Months. […], London: […] Henry Hills for Jonathan Edwin, […], page 26",
"text": "The opinion of Fairies and Elfs is very old, and yet ſticketh very religiously in the minds of ſome. But to root that rank opinion of Elfs out of mens hearts, the truth is, that there be no ſuch things, nor yet the ſhadows of the things, but only by a ſort of bald Friers and knaviſh ſhavelings ſo faigned; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1690, William Cleland, A Collection of Several Poems and Verses, Composed upon Various Occasions, published 1697, page 59",
"text": "For there and ſeveral other places / About mill dams and green brae faces, / Both Elrich, Elfs and Brownies ſtayed, / And Green gown’d Farries daunc’d and played; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1760, Andrew Brice, “TUSCANY”, in The Grand Gazetteer; or, Topographic Dictionary, &c., page 1322, column 1",
"text": "[…]the Devaſtations under the Goths, Guelphs, and Gibelines [whence ſome would derive the Terms of Elfs (or Elves) or Fairies, and Goblins (or Hobgoblins) or Spectres, &c.] […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1802, J[ames] Sibbald, “Glossary; or An Explanation of Ancient Scottish Words”, in Chronicle of Scottish Poetry; from the Thirteenth Century, to the Union of the Crowns: To Which Is Added a Glossary, volume IV, Edinburgh: […] [F]or J. Sibbald, […], [b]y C. Stewart & Co. […]",
"text": "Farefolkis, fairies, elfs, or elves; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1850, Matthew Stewart, Remarks on the Subject of Language, with Some Observations in the Form of Notes, Illustrative of the Information Which Language May Afford of the History and Opinions of Mankind, London: […] Richard and John Edward Taylor, […], for, […] the Author, page 14",
"text": "These Picts are the Clan Alpin, the Alps, or Elfs or Elves,—[…]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1852, William Bell, Shakespeare’s Puck, and His Folkslore, Illustrated from the Superstitions of All Nations, but More Especially from the Earliest Religion and Rites of Northern Europe and the Wends, London, page 58",
"text": "The next species of these airy nothings are the elfs, or elves; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1868, S[abine] Baring-Gould, “The Piper of Hameln”, in Curious Myths of the Middle Ages, second series, Philadelphia, Pa.: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott & Co.; London: Rivingtons, page 173",
"text": "The Arbhus became in Teutonic mythology the Alben, Elben or Elfen, our Elfs, and in Scandinavian the Alfar.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1868, David Hume, William Cooke Stafford, The History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time; Compiled from the Most Authentic Sources, volume I, London, New York, N.Y.: The London Printing and Publishing Company, Limited, page 53, column 1",
"text": "The elfs or elves were inhabitants of the fields and groves, the progenitors of the fairies of the middle ages; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1877, Sidney Lanier, “The Hard Times in Elfland. A Story of Christmas Eve.”, in [Mary Lanier], editor, Poems of Sidney Lanier, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1884, page 159",
"text": "Since you’ve been out, the news arrives / The Elfs’ Insurance Company’s gone.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1879, William Henderson, “Index”, in Notes on the Folk-Lore of the Northern Counties of England and the Borders. […], London: […] [F]or the Folk-Lore Society by W. Satchell, Peyton and Co., […], page 364",
"text": "Eve, Danish legend of her concealing her unwashed children, from whom come elfs, trolls, &c.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1889 May, “[Literary Notices.] The Folk-Lore of Plants. By T. F. Thiselton Dyer. […]”, in Popular Science, page 128, column 1",
"text": "Much of fairy lore clusters around the so-called fairy rings, that is, the green circles in old pastures within which the elfs were supposed to dance at night by the light of the moon.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1903, Henry Yule, A[rthur] C[oke] Burnell, “NAT, s.”, in William Crooke, editor, Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms, Etymological, Historical, Geographical and Discursive, London: John Murray, […], page 619, column 2",
"text": "NAT,[…]; a term applied to all spiritual beings, angels, elfs, demons, or what not, including the gods of the Hindus.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1917 November, Elizabeth Clendenning Ring, “Florence Earle Coates: Some Phases of Her Life and Poetry”, in The Book News Monthly, volume 36, page 109, column 1",
"text": "Elfs and fays, from their haunts in the mountains, whistle their eerie ballads above the gray roof of “Dove Cottage,” and dance their ghostly jigs on the huge hearthstone, among whose blazing logs the Fire God paints his immortal canvases, with colorings splendid beyond the dream of man.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Heilan Yvette Grimes, The Norse Myths, Hollow Earth Publishing, page 254",
"text": "Alfs [elfs]: Another name for the elfs or elves.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A luminous spirit presiding over nature and fertility and dwelling in the world of Álfheim (Elfland). Compare angel, nymph, fairy."
],
"links": [
[
"Norse",
"Norse"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"Álfheim",
"Álfheim"
],
[
"Elfland",
"Elfland"
],
[
"angel",
"angel"
],
[
"nymph",
"nymph"
],
[
"fairy",
"fairy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Norse mythology) A luminous spirit presiding over nature and fertility and dwelling in the world of Álfheim (Elfland). Compare angel, nymph, fairy."
],
"tags": [
"Norse"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882 October 7, “The Life of George Cruikshank: in Two Epochs. By Blanchard Jerrold. […]”, in The Athenæum: Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, number 2867, London: […] John C. Francis, […], page 471, column 1",
"text": "We may add, and our author has knowledge of the fact, that not even the Germans, those masterly delineators and imaginators of fairy-land, have shown greater or more exquisite insight into the lives and ways of elfs and fays than that which was shown by George Cruikshank.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 281",
"text": "All the fairy tales of my childhood were conjured up before my startled imagination, and appeared to be realised in the forms which surrounded me; I saw the whole forest filled with trolls, elves, and sporting dwarfs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any from a race of mythical, supernatural beings resembling but seen as distinct from human beings. They are usually delicate-featured and skilled in magic or spellcrafting; sometimes depicted as clashing with dwarves, especially in modern fantasy literature."
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
],
[
"mythical",
"mythical"
],
[
"supernatural",
"supernatural"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"human being",
"human being"
],
[
"magic",
"magic"
],
[
"spellcraft",
"spellcraft"
],
[
"clashing",
"clashing"
],
[
"dwarves",
"dwarves"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Fantasy"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of the magical, typically forest-guarding races bearing some similarities to the Norse álfar (through Tolkien's Eldar)."
],
"links": [
[
"fantasy",
"fantasy"
],
[
"álfar",
"álfar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(fantasy) Any of the magical, typically forest-guarding races bearing some similarities to the Norse álfar (through Tolkien's Eldar)."
],
"topics": [
"fantasy"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A very diminutive person; a dwarf."
],
"links": [
[
"diminutive",
"diminutive"
],
[
"dwarf",
"dwarf"
],
[
"Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary",
"w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909"
],
[
"G. & C. Merriam",
"w:Merriam-Webster"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"South African English"
],
"glosses": [
"The bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)."
],
"links": [
[
"bluefish",
"bluefish"
],
[
"Pomatomus saltatrix",
"Pomatomus saltatrix#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa) The bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-elf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg/En-us-elf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ĕlf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "hostile",
"sense": "supernatural creature",
"word": "goblin"
},
{
"english": "small, mischievous",
"sense": "supernatural creature",
"word": "fairy"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "elve"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "精靈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnglíng",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "精灵"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "álf"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "elver"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "valohaltia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfus"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alv"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "alʹv",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "альв"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "эльф"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erfu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "erfa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alv"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "älva"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"word": "alf"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "alʹv",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "альв"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "Norse mythology: luminous spirit dwelling in Álfheim",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ельф"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔālf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "آلْف"
},
{
"code": "bar",
"lang": "Bavarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "Åip"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "елф"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "精靈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnglíng",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "精灵"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "alf"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alf"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "haldjas"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "haltia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "tonttu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "keiju"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "peikko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "maahinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lutin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "farfadet"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ouva"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "elpi",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "ელფი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elfe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elf"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elb"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Elbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Alb"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Alp"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Elbin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Elfe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Elfin"
},
{
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elbe"
},
{
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alb"
},
{
"code": "gmh",
"lang": "Middle High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alp"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xotikó",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ξωτικό"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אלף"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "dev",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "देव"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "apsarā",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "अप्सरा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "elph",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "एल्फ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "एल्फ़"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "manó"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "tündér"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "tünde"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "álfur"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "lucharachán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ealbh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"alt": "ようせい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yōsei",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "妖精"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "erufu",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "エルフ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "elpeu",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "엘프"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yojeong",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "요정"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elfa"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elfė"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vílenik",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ви́леник"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "džúdže",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "џу́џе"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "елф"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "nanu"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "elpha",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "एल्फ"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alv"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "ielf"
},
{
"code": "goh",
"lang": "Old High German",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alp"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "álfr"
},
{
"code": "osx",
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "alf"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "elf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "الف"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "vorujak",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "وروجک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "эльф"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "eemock"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sìthiche"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luspardan"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tàcharan"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "патуљак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "вилељак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "patuljak"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "vilenjak"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erfu"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "donni di casa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škriatok"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duende"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "kibwengo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "mythical, supernatural being",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ельф"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "精靈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīnglíng",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "精灵"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "haltia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ouva"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "elf"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"word": "tünde"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfus"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "elʹf",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "эльф"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erfu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "elfo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "fantasy: magical, typically forest-guarding creature",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "alv"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"A Dictionary of the English Language",
"Andrew Brice",
"Edmund Spenser",
"Google Ngram Viewer",
"John Dryden",
"Laurence Eusden",
"Nathaniel Hawthorne",
"Oliver and Boyd",
"Paul Laurence Dunbar",
"Peter Heylyn",
"Sabine Baring-Gould",
"Sidney Lanier",
"Thomas Nashe",
"elf"
],
"word": "elf"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/1 syllable",
"en:Mythological creatures",
"en:Percoid fish",
"en:Stock characters"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "elf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English elf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ielf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ielf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ælf"
},
"expansion": "ælf",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*albi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *albi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*albiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *albiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂elbʰós",
"4": "",
"5": "white"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "alf",
"3": "oaf"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of alf and oaf",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English elf, from Old English ielf, ælf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi, from Proto-Germanic *albiz. Ultimately probably derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”). Doublet of alf and oaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "elfs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "elfing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "elfed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "elfed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "elf (third-person singular simple present elfs, present participle elfing, simple past and past participle elfed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "dark elf & light elf"
},
{
"word": "fairy"
},
{
"word": "brownie"
},
{
"word": "dwarf"
},
{
"word": "hobbit"
},
{
"word": "Eldar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To twist into elflocks (of hair); to mat."
],
"links": [
[
"twist",
"twist"
],
[
"elflock",
"elflock"
],
[
"mat",
"mat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) To twist into elflocks (of hair); to mat."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɛlf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlf"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-elf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg/En-us-elf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/En-us-elf.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ĕlf"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "elve"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"elf"
],
"word": "elf"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.