See chaff in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chaff meaning in English (29.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chaff engine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "Acyranthes spp.",
"word": "chaff flower"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Fringilla coelebs",
"word": "chaffinch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Achyranthes arborescens",
"word": "chaff tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "separate the wheat from the chaff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sort the wheat from the chaff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "winnow the wheat from the chaff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "you can't catch old birds with chaff"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "chaf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċeaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kaf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kafą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kafą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "caff"
},
"expansion": "Scots caff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Sääf"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Sääf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjêf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian tsjêf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kaf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kaf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English chaf, from Old English ċeaf, from Proto-West Germanic *kaf, from Proto-Germanic *kafą. Cognate with Scots caff, Saterland Frisian Sääf, West Frisian tsjêf, Dutch kaf, German Low German Kaff, regional German Kaff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chaffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "chaff (usually uncountable, plural chaffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "paleaceous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "paleous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: bran"
},
{
"text": "To separate out the chaff, early cultures tossed baskets of grain into the air and let the wind blow away the lighter chaff.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 251",
"text": "In the passage outside the door, the threshers, who had done their day's work, were stamping the snow off their feet before they came in, - their hair full of chaff.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The inedible parts of a grain-producing plant."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-noun-fIYJ5a9Z",
"links": [
[
"inedible",
"inedible"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "byk"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "darman",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "դարման"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "հարդ"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "mjakína",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мякі́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "palóva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пало́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pljáva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pallús"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bǐkāng",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "秕糠"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "穀殼"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔké",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "谷壳"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "穀糠"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔkāng",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "谷糠"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cim",
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bülla"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avne"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "ruumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "akana"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balle"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "bale"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tasco"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "muíña"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palla"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coaño"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caño"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spreu"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kaff"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spelze"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ákhuron",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ἄχυρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lépuron",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λέπυρον"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mótz",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "מוץ"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "pelyva"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "korpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "palio"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "sekam"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lóchán"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cáith"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pula"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crusca"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"alt": "もみがら",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "momigara",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "籾殻"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "もみがら"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "wanggyeo",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "왕겨"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apluda"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palea"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kuef"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pleva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плева"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "umi",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "ഉമി"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "karfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "ara",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "ᠠᡵᠠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "pāpapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àbet"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ac"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "òlva"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balòfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "pox",
"lang": "Polabian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "plåvoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "plewy"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "moinha"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palha"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleavă"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mjakína",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мяки́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plével",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пле́вел"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "séčka",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "се́чка"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polóva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поло́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "palāva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पलाव"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плева"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пљева"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pljeva"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "plevy"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "paja"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barcia"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bagazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "wishwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "agn"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "glɛ̀ɛp",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "แกลบ"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "pīsäl"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "kepek"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "polóva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поло́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "topan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "توپان"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "kipek",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "كىپەك"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "trấu"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "manus"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tsjêf"
},
{
"_dis1": "83 7 3 3 4",
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "npluag"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 8 10 23 13 24 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 9 8 20 20 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 5 11 19 21 19 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal foods",
"orig": "en:Animal foods",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1831, William Youatt, The Horse, page 130",
"text": "By adding chaff to his corn, the horse must take more time to eat it, and time is given for the commencement of digestion, before fermentation can occur. In this way chaff is very useful, especially after long fasts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Straw or hay cut up fine for the food of cattle."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-noun-pWTm6Wf~",
"links": [
[
"Straw",
"straw"
],
[
"hay",
"hay"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "silppu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empallada"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coaño"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mastullada"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "szecska"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vaykkōl",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "വയ്ക്കോൽ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "pāpapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "tiawhe"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sieczka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pienso"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 87 2 5 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "síčka",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сі́чка"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1927-1929, Mahatma Gandhi, chapter XXI, in Mahadev Desai, transl., The Story of My Experiments with Truth, published 1940",
"text": "Who that has prided himself on his spiritual strength has not seen it humbled to the dust? A knowledge of religion, as distinguished from experience, seems but chaff in such moments of trial.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any excess or unwanted material, resource, or person; anything worthless."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-noun-7tLwo2VC",
"links": [
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Any excess or unwanted material, resource, or person; anything worthless."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pljáva",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "kaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "akanat"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palla"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coaño"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"alt": "かす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kasu",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "滓"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "patirŭ",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "പതിര്"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbrósy",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "отбро́сы"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плева"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пљева"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pljeva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "paja"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 81 1 15",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "wishwa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 17 5 11 19 21 19 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal foods",
"orig": "en:Animal foods",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Light jesting talk; banter; raillery."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-noun-JcjZJj26",
"links": [
[
"banter",
"banter"
],
[
"raillery",
"raillery"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 93 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zakačka",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "закачка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 93 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"word": "irvailu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 93 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"word": "vinoilu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 1 93 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"word": "whakatara"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "en:Military",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 11 8 10 23 13 24 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 9 8 20 20 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 5 11 19 21 19 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal foods",
"orig": "en:Animal foods",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loose material, e.g. small strips of aluminum foil dropped from aircraft, intended to interfere with radar detection."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "rope"
}
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-noun-2PlpfXMk",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"aircraft",
"aircraft"
],
[
"interfere",
"interfere"
],
[
"radar",
"radar"
],
[
"detection",
"detection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) Loose material, e.g. small strips of aluminum foil dropped from aircraft, intended to interfere with radar detection."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "window"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 6 13 3 77",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "loose material dropped from aircraft to interfere with radar",
"word": "silppu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 13 3 77",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "loose material dropped from aircraft to interfere with radar",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Düppel"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɑːf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chaff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "chaff"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "chaf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċeaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kaf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kafą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kafą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "caff"
},
"expansion": "Scots caff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Sääf"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Sääf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjêf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian tsjêf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kaf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kaf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English chaf, from Old English ċeaf, from Proto-West Germanic *kaf, from Proto-Germanic *kafą. Cognate with Scots caff, Saterland Frisian Sääf, West Frisian tsjêf, Dutch kaf, German Low German Kaff, regional German Kaff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chaffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chaff (third-person singular simple present chaffs, present participle chaffing, simple past and past participle chaffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 8 10 23 13 24 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 9 8 20 20 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 5 11 19 21 19 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal foods",
"orig": "en:Animal foods",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-verb-ZisPFAjT",
"links": [
[
"banter",
"banter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "62 23 15",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zakačam se",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "закачам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 23 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "irvailla"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 23 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "vinoilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 23 15",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karakau",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "からかう"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 23 15",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "whakatara"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 8 10 23 13 24 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 13 9 8 20 20 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 17 5 11 19 21 19 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal foods",
"orig": "en:Animal foods",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language; to quiz."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-verb-iewNsjNf",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language; to quiz."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 83 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "plagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 83 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "irvailla"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 83 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "vinoilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 83 4",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "moketar"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 83 4",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karakau",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "からかう"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 83 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "whakatara"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To cut up (straw or hay) for use as cattle feed."
],
"id": "en-chaff-en-verb-kqyx5E9h",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cut up (straw or hay) for use as cattle feed."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɑːf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chaff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "chaff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Rhymes:English/æf",
"Rhymes:English/æf/1 syllable",
"en:Animal foods"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chaff engine"
},
{
"alt": "Acyranthes spp.",
"word": "chaff flower"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Fringilla coelebs",
"word": "chaffinch"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Achyranthes arborescens",
"word": "chaff tree"
},
{
"word": "separate the wheat from the chaff"
},
{
"word": "sort the wheat from the chaff"
},
{
"word": "winnow the wheat from the chaff"
},
{
"word": "you can't catch old birds with chaff"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "chaf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċeaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kaf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kafą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kafą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "caff"
},
"expansion": "Scots caff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Sääf"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Sääf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjêf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian tsjêf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kaf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kaf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English chaf, from Old English ċeaf, from Proto-West Germanic *kaf, from Proto-Germanic *kafą. Cognate with Scots caff, Saterland Frisian Sääf, West Frisian tsjêf, Dutch kaf, German Low German Kaff, regional German Kaff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chaffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "chaff (usually uncountable, plural chaffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "paleaceous"
},
{
"word": "paleous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: bran"
},
{
"text": "To separate out the chaff, early cultures tossed baskets of grain into the air and let the wind blow away the lighter chaff.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 251",
"text": "In the passage outside the door, the threshers, who had done their day's work, were stamping the snow off their feet before they came in, - their hair full of chaff.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The inedible parts of a grain-producing plant."
],
"links": [
[
"inedible",
"inedible"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1831, William Youatt, The Horse, page 130",
"text": "By adding chaff to his corn, the horse must take more time to eat it, and time is given for the commencement of digestion, before fermentation can occur. In this way chaff is very useful, especially after long fasts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Straw or hay cut up fine for the food of cattle."
],
"links": [
[
"Straw",
"straw"
],
[
"hay",
"hay"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1927-1929, Mahatma Gandhi, chapter XXI, in Mahadev Desai, transl., The Story of My Experiments with Truth, published 1940",
"text": "Who that has prided himself on his spiritual strength has not seen it humbled to the dust? A knowledge of religion, as distinguished from experience, seems but chaff in such moments of trial.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any excess or unwanted material, resource, or person; anything worthless."
],
"links": [
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Any excess or unwanted material, resource, or person; anything worthless."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Light jesting talk; banter; raillery."
],
"links": [
[
"banter",
"banter"
],
[
"raillery",
"raillery"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"Loose material, e.g. small strips of aluminum foil dropped from aircraft, intended to interfere with radar detection."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "rope"
}
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"aircraft",
"aircraft"
],
[
"interfere",
"interfere"
],
[
"radar",
"radar"
],
[
"detection",
"detection"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(military) Loose material, e.g. small strips of aluminum foil dropped from aircraft, intended to interfere with radar detection."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "window"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɑːf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chaff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "byk"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "darman",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "դարման"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"hard"
],
"word": "հարդ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "mjakína",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мякі́на"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "palóva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пало́ва"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pljáva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ва"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pallús"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bǐkāng",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "秕糠"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "穀殼"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔké",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "谷壳"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "穀糠"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǔkāng",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "谷糠"
},
{
"code": "cim",
"lang": "Cimbrian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bülla"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "avne"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kaf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "ruumen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "akana"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balle"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "bale"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tasco"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "muíña"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palla"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coaño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caño"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spreu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kaff"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spelze"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ákhuron",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ἄχυρον"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "lépuron",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λέπυρον"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mótz",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "מוץ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "pelyva"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "korpa"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "palio"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "sekam"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lóchán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cáith"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pula"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crusca"
},
{
"alt": "もみがら",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "momigara",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "籾殻"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "もみがら"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "wanggyeo",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "왕겨"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "apluda"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palea"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kuef"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pleva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "плева"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "umi",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "ഉമി"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "karfa"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "ara",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "ᠠᡵᠠ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "pāpapa"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "àbet"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ac"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "òlva"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "balòfa"
},
{
"code": "pox",
"lang": "Polabian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "plåvoi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "plewy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "moinha"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palha"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleavă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mjakína",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мяки́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plével",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пле́вел"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "séčka",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "се́чка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "polóva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поло́ва"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "palāva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पलाव"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плева"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пљева"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pljeva"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "plevy"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "paja"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barcia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "bagazo"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "wishwa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "agn"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "glɛ̀ɛp",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "แกลบ"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "pīsäl"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "kepek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "polóva",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "поло́ва"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "topan",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "توپان"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "kipek",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "كىپەك"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "trấu"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "manus"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tsjêf"
},
{
"code": "mww",
"lang": "White Hmong",
"sense": "inedible parts of grain plant",
"word": "npluag"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pljáva",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "пля́ва"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "kaf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "akanat"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palla"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coaño"
},
{
"alt": "かす",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kasu",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "滓"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "patirŭ",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "പതിര്"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbrósy",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "отбро́сы"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "плева"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "пљева"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pleva"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "pljeva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "paja"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "excess or unwanted material",
"word": "wishwa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "loose material dropped from aircraft to interfere with radar",
"word": "silppu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "loose material dropped from aircraft to interfere with radar",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Düppel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "silppu"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palla"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empallada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coaño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mastullada"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "szecska"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vaykkōl",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "വയ്ക്കോൽ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "pāpapa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"word": "tiawhe"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sieczka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pienso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "síčka",
"sense": "straw or hay cut up for cattle food",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сі́чка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zakačka",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "закачка"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"word": "irvailu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"word": "vinoilu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "light jesting talk",
"word": "whakatara"
}
],
"word": "chaff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Rhymes:English/æf",
"Rhymes:English/æf/1 syllable",
"en:Animal foods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "chaf"
},
"expansion": "Middle English chaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċeaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċeaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kaf"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kaf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kafą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kafą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "caff"
},
"expansion": "Scots caff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Sääf"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Sääf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "tsjêf"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian tsjêf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kaf"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kaf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kaff"
},
"expansion": "German Kaff",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English chaf, from Old English ċeaf, from Proto-West Germanic *kaf, from Proto-Germanic *kafą. Cognate with Scots caff, Saterland Frisian Sääf, West Frisian tsjêf, Dutch kaf, German Low German Kaff, regional German Kaff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chaffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chaffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "chaff (third-person singular simple present chaffs, present participle chaffing, simple past and past participle chaffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter."
],
"links": [
[
"banter",
"banter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language; to quiz."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language; to quiz."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To cut up (straw or hay) for use as cattle feed."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cut up (straw or hay) for use as cattle feed."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃɑːf/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃæf/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æf"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-chaff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/79/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-chaff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zakačam se",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "закачам се"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "irvailla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "vinoilla"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karakau",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "からかう"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to use idle language to ridicule",
"word": "whakatara"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "plagen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "irvailla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "vinoilla"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "moketar"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karakau",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "からかう"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make fun of",
"word": "whakatara"
}
],
"word": "chaff"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.