See काल on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काल#Etymology_2_2",
"tr": "kālá"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kālá)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kālá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کال",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालों",
"roman": "kālõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालो",
"roman": "kālo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "کال"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) m (Urdu spelling کال)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"time (as a concept)"
],
"id": "en-काल-hi-noun-owR~youl",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"concept",
"concept"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
45,
51
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
37
]
],
"english": "In New Delhi, the nation's capital, the Rahu period [an astrologically inauspicious time] will begin at 3:22 in the afternoon and it will remain until 4:45.",
"ref": "2020 February 11, विनीत कुमार [vinīt kumār], “आज का पंचांग: राहु काल और शुभ मुहूर्त का आज क्या है समय, पढ़ें 11 फरवरी का पंचांग [āj kā pañcāṅg: rāhu kāl aur śubh muhūrt kā āj kyā hai samay, paṛhẽ 11 pharavrī kā pañcāṅg]”, in Lokmat News Hindi:",
"roman": "vinīt kumār",
"text": "देश की राजधानी नई दिल्ली में राहु काल दोपहर बाद 03.22 बजे से शुरू होगा और ये 04.45 बजे तक रहेगा।",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"era, epoch, age, period"
],
"id": "en-काल-hi-noun-wypOp8iN",
"links": [
[
"era",
"era"
],
[
"epoch",
"epoch"
],
[
"age",
"age"
],
[
"period",
"period"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Hinduism",
"orig": "hi:Hinduism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 10 9 3 1 3 8 3 1 3 6 2 1 3 8 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 4 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
47,
52
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"english": "[…] and just then a bus arrived in the form of Death and rammed their bike from behind, due to which the deaths of both occurred at the site of the accident.",
"ref": "2020 February 12, “जेल में बंद पुत्र से मिलकर लौट रही मां व भाई काल के गाल में समाए [jel mẽ band putra se milkar lauṭ rahī mā̃ va bhāī kāl ke gāl mẽ samāe]”, in Dainik Jagran:",
"roman": "jel mẽ band putra se milkar lauṭ rahī mā̃ va bhāī kāl ke gāl mẽ samāe",
"text": "[…] तभी रास्ते में काल बन कर आई बस ने इनकी बाइक में पीछे से धक्का मार दिया, जिससे दोनों की मौत घटनास्थल पर हो गई।",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death (personified as Yama)"
],
"id": "en-काल-hi-noun-axA198kA",
"links": [
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"death",
"death"
],
[
"Yama",
"Yama"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hinduism) death (personified as Yama)"
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "hi:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 25 46 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 10 9 3 1 3 8 3 1 3 6 2 1 3 8 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 4 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 4 8 3 6 7 5 4 2 2 3 2 1 6 9 3 1 1 5 3 1 1 1 3 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tense"
],
"id": "en-काल-hi-noun-3rjMJfAU",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"tense",
"tense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) tense"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käːl]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra-sau",
"3": "𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮 (agāla)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra-sau",
"3": "𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮 (agāla)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "अकाल",
"4": "",
"5": "bad time"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अकाल (akāla, “bad time”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮 (agāla), from Sanskrit अकाल (akāla, “bad time”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کال",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालों",
"roman": "kālõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालो",
"roman": "kālo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "کال"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) m (Urdu spelling کال)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"famine; bad times"
],
"id": "en-काल-hi-noun-ZuhX-Elc",
"links": [
[
"famine",
"famine"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käːl]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kal",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
]
},
{
"form": "ಕಾಲ್",
"tags": [
"Kannada",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"10": "",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "Latin script",
"4": "kal",
"5": "Kannada script",
"6": "ಕಾಲ್",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1sc": "Latn",
"f2sc": "Knda",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) (Latin script kal, Kannada script ಕಾಲ್)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adv",
"2": "kal",
"3": "ಕಾಲ್"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) (Latin script kal, Kannada script ಕಾಲ್)",
"name": "kok-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Konkani",
"lang_code": "kok",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Konkani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 2 1 15 17 12 1 1 0 5 1 0 0 14 1 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 1 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 1 1 12 13 10 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 19 1 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yesterday"
],
"id": "en-काल-kok-adv-lSPZ--eb",
"links": [
[
"yesterday",
"yesterday"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɑːl]"
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl)",
"name": "mr-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Marathi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Marathi terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "mr",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "mr:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 2 1 15 17 12 1 1 0 5 1 0 0 14 1 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 1 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 1 1 12 13 10 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 19 1 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yesterday"
],
"id": "en-काल-mr-adv-lSPZ--eb",
"links": [
[
"yesterday",
"yesterday"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "–3"
},
{
"word": "–2"
},
{
"word": "–1"
},
{
"word": "0"
},
{
"word": "+1"
},
{
"word": "+2"
},
{
"word": "+3"
},
{
"word": "direct speech"
},
{
"word": "three days ago"
},
{
"word": "two days ago"
},
{
"word": "yesterday"
},
{
"word": "today"
},
{
"word": "tomorrow"
},
{
"word": "in two days"
},
{
"word": "in three days"
},
{
"roman": "tervā",
"word": "तेरवा"
},
{
"roman": "parvā",
"word": "परवा"
},
{
"roman": "āj̈",
"word": "आज"
},
{
"roman": "udyā",
"word": "उद्या"
},
{
"word": "reported speech"
},
{
"word": "three days before"
},
{
"word": "three days earlier"
},
{
"word": "two days before"
},
{
"word": "two days earlier"
},
{
"word": "the day before"
},
{
"word": "on that day"
},
{
"word": "the next day"
},
{
"word": "two days later"
},
{
"word": "three days later"
},
{
"word": "[Term?]"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kal/"
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालो",
"roman": "kālo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काला",
"roman": "kālā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालं",
"roman": "kālaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेहि",
"roman": "kālehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभि",
"roman": "kālebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्स",
"roman": "kālassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालत्थं",
"roman": "kālatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानं",
"roman": "kālānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्मा",
"roman": "kālasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्हा",
"roman": "kālamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काला",
"roman": "kālā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेहि",
"roman": "kālehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभि",
"roman": "kālebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्स",
"roman": "kālassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानं",
"roman": "kālānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्मिं",
"roman": "kālasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्हि",
"roman": "kālamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेसु",
"roman": "kālesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला",
"roman": "kālā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "काल m",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "time",
"word": "kāla"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 2 1 15 17 12 1 1 0 5 1 0 0 14 1 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 1 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Note that time when is the purpose of the section",
"ref": "c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar] (overall work in Pali), page 254; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:",
"roman": "Kāle iccetaṃ adhikāratthaṃ veditabbaṃ.",
"text": "काले इच्चेतं अस्हिकारत्थं वेदितब्बं॥",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Devanagari script form of kāla (“time”)"
],
"id": "en-काल-pi-noun-gQPuPfYa",
"links": [
[
"kāla",
"kāla#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"alt-of",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "sa:Face",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-dar"
},
"expansion": "Dardic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کالہٕ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کالہٕ (kālụ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کالہٕ (kālụ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāḷa",
"3": "kāḷaka"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "der",
"3": "dra-pro>*kār>black",
"id": "black"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "काली",
"roman": "kālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीम्",
"roman": "kālīm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः",
"roman": "kālīḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्या",
"roman": "kālyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभिः",
"roman": "kālībhiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै",
"roman": "kālyai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै2",
"roman": "kālyai2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै2",
"roman": "kālyai2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीनाम्",
"roman": "kālīnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याम्",
"roman": "kālyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीषु",
"roman": "kālīṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालि",
"roman": "kāli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem",
"name": "sa-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"2": "kālī",
"3": "kāla"
},
"name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"adj": "1",
"ambig_final": "",
"at_nom_s": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"n": "",
"nocat": "",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"note": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"pronominal": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"root": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kālī",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"n": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"note": "",
"novedic": "",
"pronominal": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"root": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"adj": "1",
"ambig_final": "",
"at_nom_s": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"n": "",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"note": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"pronominal": "",
"root": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 9 6 24 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 23 5 5 4 2 2 7 6 2 2 5 2 0 2 2 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "sa:Colors",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 3 3 7 3 3 11 10 3 3 9 3 0 3 3 7 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "sa:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-adj-PwFU3efS",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "sa:Face",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "der",
"3": "dra-pro>*kār>black",
"id": "black"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śvetá",
"word": "श्वेत"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śuklá",
"word": "शुक्ल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śubhrá",
"word": "शुभ्र"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dhavalá",
"word": "धवल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gaurá",
"word": "गौर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dhūmala",
"word": "धूमल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dhūsara",
"word": "धूसर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "palitá",
"word": "पलित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "malina",
"word": "मलिन"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rajata",
"word": "रजत"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kapotaká",
"word": "कपोतक"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kṛṣṇa",
"word": "कृष्ण"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śyāma",
"word": "श्याम"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śyāva",
"word": "श्याव"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kajjala",
"word": "कज्जल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rakta",
"word": "रक्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rudhira",
"word": "रुधिर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sindūra",
"word": "सिन्दूर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "aruṣa",
"word": "अरुष"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tāmra",
"word": "ताम्र"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rohita",
"word": "रोहित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "lohita",
"word": "लोहित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nāraṅga",
"word": "नारङ्ग"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kamala",
"word": "कमल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kadru",
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "babhru",
"word": "बभ्रु"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kapiśa",
"word": "कपिश"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pīta",
"word": "पीत"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kaṣāya",
"word": "कषाय"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "piṅgala",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pāṇḍu",
"word": "पाण्डु"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hiraṇya",
"word": "हिरण्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śā́daharita",
"word": "शादहरित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "harita",
"word": "हरित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "palāśa",
"word": "पलाश"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śādvala",
"word": "शाद्वल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "mārakata",
"word": "मारकत"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nī́la",
"word": "नील"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ākāśavarṇa",
"word": "आकाशवर्ण"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rājāvarta",
"word": "राजावर्त"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "vaiḍūrya",
"word": "वैडूर्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "mecaka",
"word": "मेचक"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kālaka",
"word": "कालक"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dhūmra",
"word": "धूम्र"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tuttha",
"word": "तुत्थ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śóṇa",
"word": "शोण"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nīlalohita",
"word": "नीललोहित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pāṭala",
"word": "पाटल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "aruṇa",
"word": "अरुण"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bradhna",
"word": "ब्रध्न"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 5 5 4 2 2 7 6 2 2 5 2 0 2 2 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "sa:Colors",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue colour"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-gB~sLpOF",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pupil (dark part of the eye)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-z-hJHo2g",
"links": [
[
"pupil",
"pupil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "sa:Face",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "der",
"3": "dra-pro>*kār>black",
"id": "black"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, n",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 13 9 42 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 14 14 36 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a black kind of agarwood from Agallochum (now Aquilaria)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-j4715aII",
"links": [
[
"agarwood",
"agarwood"
],
[
"Aquilaria",
"Aquilaria#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a kind of perfume (कक्कोलक (kakkolaka))"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-r3H7nv-d",
"links": [
[
"perfume",
"perfume"
],
[
"कक्कोलक",
"कक्कोलक#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-BOnA24fn",
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "sa:Face",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "highest death",
"roman": "kālakū́ṭa",
"word": "कालकूट"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-dar"
},
"expansion": "Dardic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dml",
"2": "kâl"
},
"expansion": "Dameli: kâl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dameli: kâl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mvy",
"2": "kāla",
"3": "kalaĩ"
},
"expansion": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gwc",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Kalami: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalami: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kls",
"2": "kau",
"3": "kālūna"
},
"expansion": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کال",
"3": "کالہٕ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کال (kāl), کالہٕ (kālụ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کال (kāl), کالہٕ (kālụ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "khw",
"2": "کل",
"tr": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Khowar: کل (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khowar: کل (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pashayi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aee",
"2": "kōl"
},
"expansion": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glh",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scl",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shina: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shina: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sts",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shumashti: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shumashti: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tra",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Tirahi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tirahi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trw",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Torwali: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Torwali: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "kal"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: kal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "awat-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "awte-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "wūt-kal",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāla"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "កាល",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ash",
"2": "𑀓𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦭ / kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: kala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "காலம்",
"3": "கால்",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "കാലം",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move; to turn (around)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vermę̀",
"t": "period of time"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰",
"t": "a while"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καιρός",
"t": "measure, time, season"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "vṛddhi derivative",
"name": "vrd"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. Perhaps an l-form of कार (kāra, “action”), taking \"decisive action\" as the connotation. Alternatively, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”); compare Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”) for a parallel semantic development from an earlier \"turn\" meaning (albeit from a different root). Hirt compares this to Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”), while Güntert compares this to Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”), and takes the l-consonant in काल (kāla) as a preservation of a dialectal form in order to distinguish from कार (kāra). Probably not a vṛddhi derivative of the root कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kālá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kāláḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālā́ḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālā́saḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālā́n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kāléna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaíḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālébhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālā́ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālā́nām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kālé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāléṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kā́la",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kā́lau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kā́lā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kā́lāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kā́lāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "kālá"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kālá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kālá"
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 12 17 5 0 0 16 17 0 4 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fixed or right point of time, a space of time, time (in general)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-cRd6QBAt",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 4 8 3 6 7 5 4 2 2 3 2 1 6 9 3 1 1 5 3 1 1 1 3 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 2 1 15 17 12 1 1 0 5 1 0 0 14 1 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 1 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 1 1 12 13 10 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 19 1 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 9 1 0 0 29 1 0 0 30 1 0 0 0 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 7 2 1 1 23 3 1 1 22 4 1 1 1 4 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 8 2 1 2 24 2 1 1 23 3 1 1 1 3 11 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 8 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 1 1 12 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 9 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 1 1 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Hindu deities",
"orig": "sa:Hindu deities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 3 3 7 3 3 11 10 3 3 9 3 0 3 3 7 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "sa:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 12 17 5 0 0 16 17 0 4 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 2 2 5 2 6 14 8 2 2 15 8 0 2 2 9 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 1 9 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 3 0 1 1 1 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sa:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 2 5 6 2 2 14 8 2 2 14 2 0 2 2 6 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "sa:Woods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Having driven away the assailant, he triumphs; at the time of battle he selects his antagonist as does a gambler. The man who, desirous of gratifying the gods, withholds not his riches, him the powerful Indra associates with wealth.",
"ref": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.42.9",
"roman": "yó devákāmo ná dhánā ruṇaddhi sámíttáṃ rāyā́ sṛjati svadhā́vān.",
"text": "उ॒त प्र॒हाम॑ति॒दीव्या॑ जयाति कृ॒तं यच्छ्व॒घ्नी वि॑चि॒नोति॑ का॒ले ।\nयो दे॒वका॑मो॒ न धना॑ रुणद्धि॒ समित्तं रा॒या सृ॑जति स्व॒धावा॑न् ॥\nutá prahā́matidī́vyā jayāti kṛtáṃ yácchvaghnī́ vicinóti kālé."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the proper time or season for (+genitive, dative, locative, in compound, infinitive, or subjunctive with यद् (yad)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-KCkp6oPl",
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
],
[
"यद्",
"यद्#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 8 3 3 7 3 3 11 10 3 3 9 3 0 3 3 7 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "sa:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"occasion, circumstance"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-SEG6TgqN",
"links": [
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
],
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"season"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-j44k9lxX",
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-msCt1HXd",
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 3 2 1 15 17 12 1 1 0 5 1 0 0 14 1 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 1 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 3 1 1 12 13 10 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 19 1 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 9 1 0 0 29 1 0 0 30 1 0 0 0 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 7 2 1 1 23 3 1 1 22 4 1 1 1 4 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 8 2 1 2 24 2 1 1 23 3 1 1 1 3 11 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 8 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 1 1 12 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 9 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 1 1 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Hindu deities",
"orig": "sa:Hindu deities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 8 3 3 7 3 3 11 10 3 3 9 3 0 3 3 7 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "sa:Metals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 12 17 5 0 0 16 17 0 4 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 2 2 5 2 6 14 8 2 2 15 8 0 2 2 9 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 1 9 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 3 0 1 1 1 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sa:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 2 5 6 2 2 14 8 2 2 14 2 0 2 2 6 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "sa:Woods",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a period of time, time of the world (युग (yuga))"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-oD9vvDPs",
"links": [
[
"युग",
"युग#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 12 17 5 0 0 16 17 0 4 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"measure of time, prosody"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-p0Z4jdw8",
"links": [
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a section, part"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-ds27AAk9",
"links": [
[
"section",
"section"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the end"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-kuuc0IHw",
"links": [
[
"end",
"end"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 55 0 45 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "sa:Death",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death by age"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-w6FimxCf",
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 12 17 5 0 0 16 17 0 4 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man), destiny, fate"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-5TSGWexf",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"destiny",
"destiny"
],
[
"fate",
"fate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 2 2 9 1 0 0 29 1 0 0 30 1 0 0 0 2 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 7 2 1 1 23 3 1 1 22 4 1 1 1 4 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 8 2 1 2 24 2 1 1 23 3 1 1 1 3 11 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 8 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 1 1 12 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 55 0 45 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "sa:Death",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 9 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 1 1 1 1 1 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Hindu deities",
"orig": "sa:Hindu deities",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 12 17 5 0 0 16 17 0 4 1 14 13 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 1 9 1 1 1 29 1 1 1 30 3 0 1 1 1 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sa:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am mighty time, the source of destruction that comes forth to annihilate the worlds.\nEven without your participation, the warriors arrayed in the opposing army shall cease to exist.",
"ref": "c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter 11.32",
"roman": "ṛteʼpi tvāṃ na bhaviṣyanti sarve yeʼvasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ.",
"text": "कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः ।\nऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः ॥\nkāloʼsmi lokakṣayakṛtpravṛddho lokānsamāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ."
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-Jc3UeguT",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"death",
"death"
],
[
"Yama",
"Yama"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Kāla, personified is also a देवर्षि (devarṣi) in Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-IAyqQM9l",
"links": [
[
"देवर्षि",
"देवर्षि#Sanskrit"
],
[
"Indra",
"Indra"
],
[
"Dhruva",
"Dhruva"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi nouns",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काल#Etymology_2_2",
"tr": "kālá"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kālá)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kālá).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کال",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालों",
"roman": "kālõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालो",
"roman": "kālo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "کال"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) m (Urdu spelling کال)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"time (as a concept)"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"concept",
"concept"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hindi terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
45,
51
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
34,
37
]
],
"english": "In New Delhi, the nation's capital, the Rahu period [an astrologically inauspicious time] will begin at 3:22 in the afternoon and it will remain until 4:45.",
"ref": "2020 February 11, विनीत कुमार [vinīt kumār], “आज का पंचांग: राहु काल और शुभ मुहूर्त का आज क्या है समय, पढ़ें 11 फरवरी का पंचांग [āj kā pañcāṅg: rāhu kāl aur śubh muhūrt kā āj kyā hai samay, paṛhẽ 11 pharavrī kā pañcāṅg]”, in Lokmat News Hindi:",
"roman": "vinīt kumār",
"text": "देश की राजधानी नई दिल्ली में राहु काल दोपहर बाद 03.22 बजे से शुरू होगा और ये 04.45 बजे तक रहेगा।",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"era, epoch, age, period"
],
"links": [
[
"era",
"era"
],
[
"epoch",
"epoch"
],
[
"age",
"age"
],
[
"period",
"period"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hindi terms with quotations",
"hi:Hinduism"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
47,
52
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"english": "[…] and just then a bus arrived in the form of Death and rammed their bike from behind, due to which the deaths of both occurred at the site of the accident.",
"ref": "2020 February 12, “जेल में बंद पुत्र से मिलकर लौट रही मां व भाई काल के गाल में समाए [jel mẽ band putra se milkar lauṭ rahī mā̃ va bhāī kāl ke gāl mẽ samāe]”, in Dainik Jagran:",
"roman": "jel mẽ band putra se milkar lauṭ rahī mā̃ va bhāī kāl ke gāl mẽ samāe",
"text": "[…] तभी रास्ते में काल बन कर आई बस ने इनकी बाइक में पीछे से धक्का मार दिया, जिससे दोनों की मौत घटनास्थल पर हो गई।",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death (personified as Yama)"
],
"links": [
[
"Hinduism",
"Hinduism"
],
[
"death",
"death"
],
[
"Yama",
"Yama"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hinduism) death (personified as Yama)"
],
"tags": [
"Hinduism"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"hi:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"tense"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"tense",
"tense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) tense"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käːl]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi nouns",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra-sau",
"3": "𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮 (agāla)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pra-sau",
"3": "𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮 (agāla)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "अकाल",
"4": "",
"5": "bad time"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit अकाल (akāla, “bad time”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀕𑀸𑀮 (agāla), from Sanskrit अकाल (akāla, “bad time”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "کال",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालों",
"roman": "kālõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालो",
"roman": "kālo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "کال"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) m (Urdu spelling کال)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"famine; bad times"
],
"links": [
[
"famine",
"famine"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑːl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[käːl]",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kal",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
]
},
{
"form": "ಕಾಲ್",
"tags": [
"Kannada",
"character"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"10": "",
"2": "adverb",
"3": "Latin script",
"4": "kal",
"5": "Kannada script",
"6": "ಕಾಲ್",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"f1sc": "Latn",
"f2sc": "Knda",
"g": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) (Latin script kal, Kannada script ಕಾಲ್)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adv",
"2": "kal",
"3": "ಕಾಲ್"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl) (Latin script kal, Kannada script ಕಾಲ್)",
"name": "kok-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Konkani",
"lang_code": "kok",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Konkani adverbs",
"Konkani entries with incorrect language header",
"Konkani lemmas",
"Konkani terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Konkani terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"yesterday"
],
"links": [
[
"yesterday",
"yesterday"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɑːl]"
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit काल (kāla)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāl",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "adverb",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "काल • (kāl)",
"name": "mr-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "–3"
},
{
"word": "–2"
},
{
"word": "–1"
},
{
"word": "0"
},
{
"word": "+1"
},
{
"word": "+2"
},
{
"word": "+3"
},
{
"word": "direct speech"
},
{
"word": "three days ago"
},
{
"word": "two days ago"
},
{
"word": "yesterday"
},
{
"word": "today"
},
{
"word": "tomorrow"
},
{
"word": "in two days"
},
{
"word": "in three days"
},
{
"roman": "tervā",
"word": "तेरवा"
},
{
"roman": "parvā",
"word": "परवा"
},
{
"roman": "āj̈",
"word": "आज"
},
{
"roman": "udyā",
"word": "उद्या"
},
{
"word": "reported speech"
},
{
"word": "three days before"
},
{
"word": "three days earlier"
},
{
"word": "two days before"
},
{
"word": "two days earlier"
},
{
"word": "the day before"
},
{
"word": "on that day"
},
{
"word": "the next day"
},
{
"word": "two days later"
},
{
"word": "three days later"
},
{
"word": "[Term?]"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Marathi adverbs",
"Marathi entries with incorrect language header",
"Marathi lemmas",
"Marathi term requests",
"Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Marathi terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"mr:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"yesterday"
],
"links": [
[
"yesterday",
"yesterday"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kal/"
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "masculine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालो",
"roman": "kālo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काला",
"roman": "kālā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालं",
"roman": "kālaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेहि",
"roman": "kālehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभि",
"roman": "kālebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्स",
"roman": "kālassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालत्थं",
"roman": "kālatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानं",
"roman": "kālānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्मा",
"roman": "kālasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्हा",
"roman": "kālamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काला",
"roman": "kālā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेहि",
"roman": "kālehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभि",
"roman": "kālebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्स",
"roman": "kālassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानं",
"roman": "kālānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्मिं",
"roman": "kālasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्हि",
"roman": "kālamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेसु",
"roman": "kālesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला",
"roman": "kālā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "काल m",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "time",
"word": "kāla"
}
],
"categories": [
"Devanagari script",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali masculine nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Devanagari script",
"Pali terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"english": "Note that time when is the purpose of the section",
"ref": "c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar] (overall work in Pali), page 254; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:",
"roman": "Kāle iccetaṃ adhikāratthaṃ veditabbaṃ.",
"text": "काले इच्चेतं अस्हिकारत्थं वेदितब्बं॥",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Devanagari script form of kāla (“time”)"
],
"links": [
[
"kāla",
"kāla#Pali"
]
],
"tags": [
"Devanagari",
"alt-of",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit adjectives",
"Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit neuter nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-dar"
},
"expansion": "Dardic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کالہٕ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کالہٕ (kālụ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کالہٕ (kālụ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāḷa",
"3": "kāḷaka"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya) (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "der",
"3": "dra-pro>*kār>black",
"id": "black"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "काली",
"roman": "kālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीम्",
"roman": "kālīm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः",
"roman": "kālīḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्या",
"roman": "kālyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभिः",
"roman": "kālībhiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै",
"roman": "kālyai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै2",
"roman": "kālyai2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै2",
"roman": "kālyai2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीनाम्",
"roman": "kālīnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याम्",
"roman": "kālyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीषु",
"roman": "kālīṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालि",
"roman": "kāli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem",
"name": "sa-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"2": "kālī",
"3": "kāla"
},
"name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"adj": "1",
"ambig_final": "",
"at_nom_s": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"n": "",
"nocat": "",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"note": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"pronominal": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"root": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kālī",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"n": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"note": "",
"novedic": "",
"pronominal": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"root": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"adj": "1",
"ambig_final": "",
"at_nom_s": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"n": "",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"note": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"pronominal": "",
"root": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit adjectives",
"Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit neuter nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "der",
"3": "dra-pro>*kār>black",
"id": "black"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "śvetá",
"word": "श्वेत"
},
{
"roman": "śuklá",
"word": "शुक्ल"
},
{
"roman": "śubhrá",
"word": "शुभ्र"
},
{
"roman": "dhavalá",
"word": "धवल"
},
{
"roman": "gaurá",
"word": "गौर"
},
{
"roman": "dhūmala",
"word": "धूमल"
},
{
"roman": "dhūsara",
"word": "धूसर"
},
{
"roman": "palitá",
"word": "पलित"
},
{
"roman": "malina",
"word": "मलिन"
},
{
"roman": "rajata",
"word": "रजत"
},
{
"roman": "kapotaká",
"word": "कपोतक"
},
{
"roman": "kṛṣṇa",
"word": "कृष्ण"
},
{
"roman": "śyāma",
"word": "श्याम"
},
{
"roman": "śyāva",
"word": "श्याव"
},
{
"roman": "kajjala",
"word": "कज्जल"
},
{
"roman": "rakta",
"word": "रक्त"
},
{
"roman": "rudhira",
"word": "रुधिर"
},
{
"roman": "sindūra",
"word": "सिन्दूर"
},
{
"roman": "aruṣa",
"word": "अरुष"
},
{
"roman": "tāmra",
"word": "ताम्र"
},
{
"roman": "rohita",
"word": "रोहित"
},
{
"roman": "lohita",
"word": "लोहित"
},
{
"roman": "nāraṅga",
"word": "नारङ्ग"
},
{
"roman": "kamala",
"word": "कमल"
},
{
"roman": "kadru",
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"roman": "babhru",
"word": "बभ्रु"
},
{
"roman": "kapiśa",
"word": "कपिश"
},
{
"roman": "pīta",
"word": "पीत"
},
{
"roman": "kaṣāya",
"word": "कषाय"
},
{
"roman": "piṅgala",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"roman": "pāṇḍu",
"word": "पाण्डु"
},
{
"roman": "hiraṇya",
"word": "हिरण्य"
},
{
"roman": "śā́daharita",
"word": "शादहरित"
},
{
"roman": "harita",
"word": "हरित"
},
{
"roman": "palāśa",
"word": "पलाश"
},
{
"roman": "śādvala",
"word": "शाद्वल"
},
{
"roman": "mārakata",
"word": "मारकत"
},
{
"roman": "nī́la",
"word": "नील"
},
{
"roman": "ākāśavarṇa",
"word": "आकाशवर्ण"
},
{
"roman": "rājāvarta",
"word": "राजावर्त"
},
{
"roman": "vaiḍūrya",
"word": "वैडूर्य"
},
{
"roman": "mecaka",
"word": "मेचक"
},
{
"roman": "kālaka",
"word": "कालक"
},
{
"roman": "dhūmra",
"word": "धूम्र"
},
{
"roman": "tuttha",
"word": "तुत्थ"
},
{
"roman": "śóṇa",
"word": "शोण"
},
{
"roman": "nīlalohita",
"word": "नीललोहित"
},
{
"roman": "pāṭala",
"word": "पाटल"
},
{
"roman": "aruṇa",
"word": "अरुण"
},
{
"roman": "bradhna",
"word": "ब्रध्न"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue colour"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pupil (dark part of the eye)"
],
"links": [
[
"pupil",
"pupil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit adjectives",
"Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit entries referencing etymons with invalid IDs",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit neuter nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "der",
"3": "dra-pro>*kār>black",
"id": "black"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, n",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"a black kind of agarwood from Agallochum (now Aquilaria)"
],
"links": [
[
"agarwood",
"agarwood"
],
[
"Aquilaria",
"Aquilaria#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a kind of perfume (कक्कोलक (kakkolaka))"
],
"links": [
[
"perfume",
"perfume"
],
[
"कक्कोलक",
"कक्कोलक#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit links with redundant alt parameters",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "highest death",
"roman": "kālakū́ṭa",
"word": "कालकूट"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-dar"
},
"expansion": "Dardic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dml",
"2": "kâl"
},
"expansion": "Dameli: kâl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dameli: kâl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mvy",
"2": "kāla",
"3": "kalaĩ"
},
"expansion": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gwc",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Kalami: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalami: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kls",
"2": "kau",
"3": "kālūna"
},
"expansion": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کال",
"3": "کالہٕ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کال (kāl), کالہٕ (kālụ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کال (kāl), کالہٕ (kālụ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "khw",
"2": "کل",
"tr": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Khowar: کل (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khowar: کل (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pashayi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aee",
"2": "kōl"
},
"expansion": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glh",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scl",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shina: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shina: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sts",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shumashti: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shumashti: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tra",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Tirahi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tirahi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trw",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Torwali: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Torwali: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "kal"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: kal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "awat-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "awte-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "wūt-kal",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāla"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "កាល",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ash",
"2": "𑀓𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦭ / kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: kala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "காலம்",
"3": "கால்",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "കാലം",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move; to turn (around)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vermę̀",
"t": "period of time"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰",
"t": "a while"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καιρός",
"t": "measure, time, season"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "vṛddhi derivative",
"name": "vrd"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin. Perhaps an l-form of कार (kāra, “action”), taking \"decisive action\" as the connotation. Alternatively, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”); compare Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”) for a parallel semantic development from an earlier \"turn\" meaning (albeit from a different root). Hirt compares this to Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”), while Güntert compares this to Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”), and takes the l-consonant in काल (kāla) as a preservation of a dialectal form in order to distinguish from कार (kāra). Probably not a vṛddhi derivative of the root कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kālá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kāláḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālā́ḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālā́saḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālā́n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kāléna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaíḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālébhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālā́ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālā́nām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kālé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāléṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kā́la",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kā́lau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kā́lā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kā́lāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kā́lāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "kālá"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kālá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kālá"
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a fixed or right point of time, a space of time, time (in general)"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sanskrit terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Having driven away the assailant, he triumphs; at the time of battle he selects his antagonist as does a gambler. The man who, desirous of gratifying the gods, withholds not his riches, him the powerful Indra associates with wealth.",
"ref": "c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.42.9",
"roman": "yó devákāmo ná dhánā ruṇaddhi sámíttáṃ rāyā́ sṛjati svadhā́vān.",
"text": "उ॒त प्र॒हाम॑ति॒दीव्या॑ जयाति कृ॒तं यच्छ्व॒घ्नी वि॑चि॒नोति॑ का॒ले ।\nयो दे॒वका॑मो॒ न धना॑ रुणद्धि॒ समित्तं रा॒या सृ॑जति स्व॒धावा॑न् ॥\nutá prahā́matidī́vyā jayāti kṛtáṃ yácchvaghnī́ vicinóti kālé."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the proper time or season for (+genitive, dative, locative, in compound, infinitive, or subjunctive with यद् (yad)"
],
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
],
[
"यद्",
"यद्#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"occasion, circumstance"
],
"links": [
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
],
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"season"
],
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a period of time, time of the world (युग (yuga))"
],
"links": [
[
"युग",
"युग#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"measure of time, prosody"
],
"links": [
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a section, part"
],
"links": [
[
"section",
"section"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the end"
],
"links": [
[
"end",
"end"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"death by age"
],
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man), destiny, fate"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"destiny",
"destiny"
],
[
"fate",
"fate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sanskrit terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am mighty time, the source of destruction that comes forth to annihilate the worlds.\nEven without your participation, the warriors arrayed in the opposing army shall cease to exist.",
"ref": "c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter 11.32",
"roman": "ṛteʼpi tvāṃ na bhaviṣyanti sarve yeʼvasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ.",
"text": "कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः ।\nऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः ॥\nkāloʼsmi lokakṣayakṛtpravṛddho lokānsamāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ."
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"death",
"death"
],
[
"Yama",
"Yama"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Kāla, personified is also a देवर्षि (devarṣi) in Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva"
],
"links": [
[
"देवर्षि",
"देवर्षि#Sanskrit"
],
[
"Indra",
"Indra"
],
[
"Dhruva",
"Dhruva"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ́/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
Download raw JSONL data for काल meaning in All languages combined (59.7kB)
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"path": [
"काल"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
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"trace": ""
}
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],
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.