"itself" meaning in English

See itself in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Pronoun

IPA: /ɪtˈsɛlf/ [Canada, General-American, Received-Pronunciation], /ɪtˈself/ [General-Australian] Audio: en-us-itself.ogg Forms: it [reflexive-of], himself [masculine], herself [feminine], themself [gender-neutral], themselves [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛlf Etymology: From Middle English hit-self, equivalent to it + -self. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|hit-self}} Middle English hit-self, {{suffix|en|it|self}} it + -self Head templates: {{head|en|pronoun|the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun||the reflexive form of|it|masculine|himself|feminine|herself|gender-neutral|themself|plural|themselves|||||||head=}} itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves), {{en-pron|the reflexive form of|it|masculine|himself|feminine|herself|gender-neutral|themself|plural|themselves|desc=the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun}} itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)
  1. (reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject Tags: neuter, personal, pronoun, reflexive, singular, third-person
    Sense id: en-itself-en-pron--RtZjwE5 Categories (other): English reflexive pronouns, American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts, English entries with incorrect language header, English intensifiers, English pronouns, English terms suffixed with -self, English third person pronouns, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with American Sign Language translations, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Interlingua translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Khakas translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Mauritian Creole translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Northern Sami translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tuvan translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Yakut translations Disambiguation of American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts: 45 34 21 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 52 26 22 Disambiguation of English intensifiers: 53 29 18 Disambiguation of English pronouns: 46 30 25 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -self: 39 33 28 Disambiguation of English third person pronouns: 32 39 28 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 47 27 26 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 50 28 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 68 17 15 Disambiguation of Terms with American Sign Language translations: 64 21 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 34 33 33 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 55 24 22 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 46 29 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 45 30 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 40 33 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 50 25 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 62 20 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 49 26 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 52 24 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 36 33 31 Disambiguation of Terms with Interlingua translations: 66 17 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 61 20 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 61 20 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Khakas translations: 50 26 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 61 20 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 42 31 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 64 18 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Mauritian Creole translations: 78 12 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Navajo translations: 56 23 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Sami translations: 75 14 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 41 31 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 43 31 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 61 20 19 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 42 31 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 61 19 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Tuvan translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 46 29 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Yakut translations: 49 28 23
  2. (emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate Tags: emphatic, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person Translations ((emphatic) it): A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback (American Sign Language), αὐτό (autó) (Ancient Greek), نَفْسُهُ (nafsuhu) [masculine] (Arabic), نَفْسُهَا (nafsuhā) [feminine] (Arabic), яно́ само́ (janó samó) [neuter] (Belarusian), самият (samijat) (Bulgarian), mateix (Catalan), sám (Czech), samotný (Czech), o sobě (Czech), sám o sobě (Czech), jako takový (Czech), zelf (Dutch), mem (Esperanto), itse (Finnish), soi-même (French), mesmo (Galician), maga (Hungarian), se stesso [masculine] (Italian), sé stesso [masculine] (Italian), ipsum (Latin), viņš pats [masculine] (Latvian), viņa pati [feminine] (Latvian), ieš (Northern Sami), ono samo [neuter] (Polish), ele/ela mesmo (Portuguese), próprio (Portuguese), própria (Portuguese), оно́ само́ (onó samó) (Russian), ono samo [neuter] (Slovak), sí mismo (Spanish), mismo (Spanish), воно́ само́ (vonó samó) [neuter] (Ukrainian), само́ (samó) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-itself-en-pron-M7-ZHWXi Categories (other): English grammar appendices, English terms suffixed with -self, English third person pronouns, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Hungarian translations Disambiguation of English grammar appendices: 23 44 33 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -self: 39 33 28 Disambiguation of English third person pronouns: 32 39 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 34 33 33 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 40 33 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 36 33 31 Disambiguation of '(emphatic) it': 24 47 29
  3. (emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject Tags: archaic, emphatic, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person
    Sense id: en-itself-en-pron-zWpS1sqJ Categories (other): English terms suffixed with -self, English third person pronouns, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Hungarian translations Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -self: 39 33 28 Disambiguation of English third person pronouns: 32 39 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 34 33 33 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 40 33 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 36 33 31
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: itsself [obsolete], it self, it selfe [obsolete] Translations ((reflexive) it): ἑαυτό (heautó) (Ancient Greek), ἑαυτῷ (heautôi) (Ancient Greek), ἑαυτοῦ (heautoû) (Ancient Greek), نَفْسُهُ (nafsuhu) [masculine] (Arabic), نَفْسُهَا (nafsuhā) [feminine] (Arabic), сябе́ (sjabjé) (Belarusian), -цца (-cca) (note: verb ending) (Belarusian), es (Catalan), sám (Czech), se (Czech), sebe (Czech), sám sebe (Czech), zichzelf (Dutch), itsensä (Finnish), se (French), se (Galician), von selbst (German), von allein (German), selbst (German), sich selbst (German), maga [nominative] (Hungarian), magát [accusative] (Hungarian), sé [feminine, masculine] (Italian), позы (pozı) (Khakas), sē (Latin), sēsē (Latin), sibi (Latin), suī (Latin), se (Lower Sorbian), limem (Mauritian Creole), tʼáá bí (Navajo), iežas (Northern Sami), się (Polish), se (Portuguese), a si mesmo (Portuguese), -ся (-sja) (Russian), себя́ (sebjá) (Russian), сам себя́ (sam sebjá) (Russian), se (Spanish), solo (Spanish), a si mismo (Spanish), por si mismo (Spanish), боду (bodu) (Tuvan), се́бе (sébe) (Ukrainian), бэйэтэ (beyete) (Yakut)
Derived forms: a house divided against itself cannot stand, being-for-itself, being-in-itself, dense-in-itself, end in itself, history repeats itself, in and of itself, in itself, in-itselfness, lend itself to, of itself, pay for itself, repeat itself, suggest itself, the trash takes itself out, thing in itself, thing-in-itself, write itself Related terms: Ime [colloquial], me, myselfmemysen, mine, mymineme [archaic, before-vowel], we, us, ourselvesourselfoursen, ours, our, you, yourselfyoursen, yoursyourn [dialectal, obsolete], your, thou, thee, thyselftheeselfthysen, thine, thythine [before-vowel], youye [archaic], yourselves, you ally'all you guys, y'allselves, y'all's you guys' your guys' [proscribed], y'all's your all's you guys' your guys' [nonstandard, proscribed], he, him, himselfhisselfhissen [archaic], hishisn [dialectal, obsolete], his, she, her, herselfhersen, hershern [dialectal, obsolete], ithit, itselfhitself, itshis [archaic], itshishits [archaic], they, them, themself, themselves, theirs, their, one, oneself, –, one's, themhem, 'em, themselvestheirsen, theirstheirn [dialectal, obsolete] Disambiguation of '(reflexive) it': 35 36 29

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "a house divided against itself cannot stand"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "being-for-itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "being-in-itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "dense-in-itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "end in itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "history repeats itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "in and of itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "in itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "in-itselfness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "lend itself to"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "of itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pay for itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "repeat itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "suggest itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "the trash takes itself out"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "thing in itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "thing-in-itself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "write itself"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "hit-self"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English hit-self",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "self"
      },
      "expansion": "it + -self",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English hit-self, equivalent to it + -self.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "it",
      "tags": [
        "reflexive-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "himself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "themself",
      "tags": [
        "gender-neutral"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "themselves",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "10": "herself",
        "11": "gender-neutral",
        "12": "themself",
        "13": "plural",
        "14": "themselves",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "20": "",
        "3": "the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun",
        "4": "",
        "5": "the reflexive form of",
        "6": "it",
        "7": "masculine",
        "8": "himself",
        "9": "feminine",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "the reflexive form of",
        "10": "themselves",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "masculine",
        "4": "himself",
        "5": "feminine",
        "6": "herself",
        "7": "gender-neutral",
        "8": "themself",
        "9": "plural",
        "desc": "the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)",
      "name": "en-pron"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "Ime"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "me"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "myselfmemysen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "mine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "before-vowel"
      ],
      "word": "mymineme"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "we"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "us"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ourselvesourselfoursen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ours"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "our"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "you"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "yourselfyoursen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "yoursyourn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "your"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "thou"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "thee"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "thyselftheeselfthysen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "thine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "before-vowel"
      ],
      "word": "thythine"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "youye"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "yourselves"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "you ally'all you guys"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "y'allselves"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "y'all's you guys' your guys'"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard",
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "he"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "him"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "himselfhisselfhissen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "hishisn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "his"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "she"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "her"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "herselfhersen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "hershern"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ithit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "itselfhitself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "itshis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "itshishits"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "they"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "them"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "themself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "themselves"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "theirs"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "their"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "one"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "oneself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "–"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "one's"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "themhem"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "'em"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "themselvestheirsen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "theirstheirn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English reflexive pronouns",
          "parents": [
            "Reflexive pronouns",
            "Personal pronouns",
            "Pronouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 34 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 26 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 29 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English intensifiers",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 30 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 33 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -self",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 39 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English third person pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 27 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 28 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "68 17 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 21 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with American Sign Language translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 24 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 30 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 33 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 25 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 26 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 24 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 17 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 26 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Khakas translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 31 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 18 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mauritian Creole translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 23 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 14 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 31 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 31 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 20 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 31 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 19 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tuvan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 29 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 28 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Yakut translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The door closed by itself"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject"
      ],
      "id": "en-itself-en-pron--RtZjwE5",
      "links": [
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "reflexive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "23 44 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English grammar appendices",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 33 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -self",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 39 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English third person pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 33 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 2, member 6, subsection iv, page 298:",
          "text": "Beautie alone is a ſoveraigne remedy againſt feare,griefe,and all melancholy fits; a charm,as Peter de la Seine and many other writers affirme,a banquet it ſelfe;he gives inſtance in diſcontented Menelaus that was ſo often freed by Helenas faire face: and ʰTully, 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chiefe patron of this Tenent.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "The door itself is quite heavy.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate"
      ],
      "id": "en-itself-en-pron-M7-ZHWXi",
      "links": [
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "ase",
          "lang": "American Sign Language",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "nafsuhu",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "نَفْسُهُ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "nafsuhā",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "نَفْسُهَا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "janó samó",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "яно́ само́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "samijat",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "самият"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "mateix"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "sám"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "samotný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "o sobě"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "sám o sobě"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "jako takový"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "zelf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "mem"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "itse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "soi-même"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "mesmo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "autó",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "αὐτό"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "maga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "se stesso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "sé stesso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "ipsum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "viņš pats"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "viņa pati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "se",
          "lang": "Northern Sami",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "ieš"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ono samo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "ele/ela mesmo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "próprio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "própria"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "onó samó",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "оно́ само́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ono samo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "sí mismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "mismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "vonó samó",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "воно́ само́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "24 47 29",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "samó",
          "sense": "(emphatic) it",
          "word": "само́"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "39 33 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -self",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 39 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English third person pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "34 33 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 33 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 33 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1842, Andrew Ure, A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures and Mines:",
          "text": "The oil by degrees gets covered with a curdy mass, which after some time settles to the bottom, while itself becomes limpid and colorless.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "it; used to refer back to an earlier subject"
      ],
      "id": "en-itself-en-pron-zWpS1sqJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "emphatic",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪtˈsɛlf/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-itself.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg/En-us-itself.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪtˈself/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛlf"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "itsself"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "it self"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "it selfe"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nafsuhu",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نَفْسُهُ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nafsuhā",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "نَفْسُهَا"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "sjabjé",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "сябе́"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "note": "verb ending",
      "roman": "-cca",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "-цца"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "es"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sám"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sebe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sám sebe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "zichzelf"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "itsensä"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "von selbst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "von allein"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "selbst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sich selbst"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "heautó",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "ἑαυτό"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "heautôi",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "ἑαυτῷ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "heautoû",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "ἑαυτοῦ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "nominative"
      ],
      "word": "maga"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "accusative"
      ],
      "word": "magát"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sé"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "kjh",
      "lang": "Khakas",
      "roman": "pozı",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "позы"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sē"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sēsē"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sibi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "suī"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "mfe",
      "lang": "Mauritian Creole",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "limem"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "tʼáá bí"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "se",
      "lang": "Northern Sami",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "iežas"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "się"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "a si mesmo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-sja",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "-ся"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sebjá",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "себя́"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sam sebjá",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "сам себя́"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "dsb",
      "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "solo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "a si mismo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "por si mismo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "tyv",
      "lang": "Tuvan",
      "roman": "bodu",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "боду"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "sébe",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "се́бе"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "35 36 29",
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "beyete",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "бэйэтэ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "itself"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English grammar appendices",
    "English intensifiers",
    "English lemmas",
    "English pronouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -self",
    "English third person pronouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
    "Requests for review of Italian translations",
    "Requests for review of Japanese translations",
    "Requests for review of Korean translations",
    "Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
    "Requests for review of Swedish translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛlf",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛlf/2 syllables",
    "Terms with American Sign Language translations",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Interlingua translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Khakas translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Mauritian Creole translations",
    "Terms with Navajo translations",
    "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tuvan translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Yakut translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "a house divided against itself cannot stand"
    },
    {
      "word": "being-for-itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "being-in-itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "dense-in-itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "end in itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "history repeats itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "in and of itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "in itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "in-itselfness"
    },
    {
      "word": "lend itself to"
    },
    {
      "word": "of itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "pay for itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "repeat itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "suggest itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "the trash takes itself out"
    },
    {
      "word": "thing in itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "thing-in-itself"
    },
    {
      "word": "write itself"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "hit-self"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English hit-self",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "self"
      },
      "expansion": "it + -self",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English hit-self, equivalent to it + -self.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "it",
      "tags": [
        "reflexive-of"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "himself",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "herself",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "themself",
      "tags": [
        "gender-neutral"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "themselves",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "10": "herself",
        "11": "gender-neutral",
        "12": "themself",
        "13": "plural",
        "14": "themselves",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "20": "",
        "3": "the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun",
        "4": "",
        "5": "the reflexive form of",
        "6": "it",
        "7": "masculine",
        "8": "himself",
        "9": "feminine",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "the reflexive form of",
        "10": "themselves",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "masculine",
        "4": "himself",
        "5": "feminine",
        "6": "herself",
        "7": "gender-neutral",
        "8": "themself",
        "9": "plural",
        "desc": "the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)",
      "name": "en-pron"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "word": "Ime"
    },
    {
      "word": "me"
    },
    {
      "word": "myselfmemysen"
    },
    {
      "word": "mine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "before-vowel"
      ],
      "word": "mymineme"
    },
    {
      "word": "we"
    },
    {
      "word": "us"
    },
    {
      "word": "ourselvesourselfoursen"
    },
    {
      "word": "ours"
    },
    {
      "word": "our"
    },
    {
      "word": "you"
    },
    {
      "word": "yourselfyoursen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "yoursyourn"
    },
    {
      "word": "your"
    },
    {
      "word": "thou"
    },
    {
      "word": "thee"
    },
    {
      "word": "thyselftheeselfthysen"
    },
    {
      "word": "thine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "before-vowel"
      ],
      "word": "thythine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "youye"
    },
    {
      "word": "yourselves"
    },
    {
      "word": "you ally'all you guys"
    },
    {
      "word": "y'allselves"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "y'all's you guys' your guys'"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "nonstandard",
        "proscribed"
      ],
      "word": "y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'"
    },
    {
      "word": "he"
    },
    {
      "word": "him"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "himselfhisselfhissen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "hishisn"
    },
    {
      "word": "his"
    },
    {
      "word": "she"
    },
    {
      "word": "her"
    },
    {
      "word": "herselfhersen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "hershern"
    },
    {
      "word": "ithit"
    },
    {
      "word": "itselfhitself"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "itshis"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "itshishits"
    },
    {
      "word": "they"
    },
    {
      "word": "them"
    },
    {
      "word": "themself"
    },
    {
      "word": "themselves"
    },
    {
      "word": "theirs"
    },
    {
      "word": "their"
    },
    {
      "word": "one"
    },
    {
      "word": "oneself"
    },
    {
      "word": "–"
    },
    {
      "word": "one's"
    },
    {
      "word": "themhem"
    },
    {
      "word": "'em"
    },
    {
      "word": "themselvestheirsen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "theirstheirn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English reflexive pronouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The door closed by itself"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "reflexive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 2, member 6, subsection iv, page 298:",
          "text": "Beautie alone is a ſoveraigne remedy againſt feare,griefe,and all melancholy fits; a charm,as Peter de la Seine and many other writers affirme,a banquet it ſelfe;he gives inſtance in diſcontented Menelaus that was ſo often freed by Helenas faire face: and ʰTully, 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chiefe patron of this Tenent.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "The door itself is quite heavy.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "emphatic",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1842, Andrew Ure, A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures and Mines:",
          "text": "The oil by degrees gets covered with a curdy mass, which after some time settles to the bottom, while itself becomes limpid and colorless.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "it; used to refer back to an earlier subject"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "it",
          "it"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "emphatic",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪtˈsɛlf/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American",
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-itself.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg/En-us-itself.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɪtˈself/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛlf"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "itsself"
    },
    {
      "word": "it self"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "it selfe"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nafsuhu",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نَفْسُهُ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nafsuhā",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "نَفْسُهَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "sjabjé",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "сябе́"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "note": "verb ending",
      "roman": "-cca",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "-цца"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "es"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sám"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sebe"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sám sebe"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "zichzelf"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "itsensä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "von selbst"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "von allein"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "selbst"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sich selbst"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "heautó",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "ἑαυτό"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "heautôi",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "ἑαυτῷ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "heautoû",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "ἑαυτοῦ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "nominative"
      ],
      "word": "maga"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "accusative"
      ],
      "word": "magát"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sé"
    },
    {
      "code": "kjh",
      "lang": "Khakas",
      "roman": "pozı",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "позы"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sē"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sēsē"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "sibi"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "suī"
    },
    {
      "code": "mfe",
      "lang": "Mauritian Creole",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "limem"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "tʼáá bí"
    },
    {
      "code": "se",
      "lang": "Northern Sami",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "iežas"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "się"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "a si mesmo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-sja",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "-ся"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sebjá",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "себя́"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sam sebjá",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "сам себя́"
    },
    {
      "code": "dsb",
      "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "se"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "solo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "a si mismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "por si mismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "tyv",
      "lang": "Tuvan",
      "roman": "bodu",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "боду"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "sébe",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "се́бе"
    },
    {
      "code": "sah",
      "lang": "Yakut",
      "roman": "beyete",
      "sense": "(reflexive) it",
      "word": "бэйэтэ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ase",
      "lang": "American Sign Language",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nafsuhu",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نَفْسُهُ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nafsuhā",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "نَفْسُهَا"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "janó samó",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "яно́ само́"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "samijat",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "самият"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "mateix"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "sám"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "samotný"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "o sobě"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "sám o sobě"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "jako takový"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "zelf"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "mem"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "itse"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "soi-même"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "mesmo"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "autó",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "αὐτό"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "maga"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "se stesso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sé stesso"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "ipsum"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "viņš pats"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "viņa pati"
    },
    {
      "code": "se",
      "lang": "Northern Sami",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "ieš"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ono samo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "ele/ela mesmo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "próprio"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "própria"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "onó samó",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "оно́ само́"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ono samo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "sí mismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "mismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "vonó samó",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "воно́ само́"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "samó",
      "sense": "(emphatic) it",
      "word": "само́"
    }
  ],
  "word": "itself"
}

Download raw JSONL data for itself meaning in English (15.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "itself/English/pron: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English grammar appendices\", \"English intensifiers\", \"English lemmas\", \"English pronouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -self\", \"English third person pronouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛlf\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/2 syllables\", \"Terms with American Sign Language translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khakas translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mauritian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Yakut translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"a house divided against itself cannot stand\"}, {\"word\": \"being-for-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"being-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"dense-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"end in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"history repeats itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in and of itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in-itselfness\"}, {\"word\": \"lend itself to\"}, {\"word\": \"of itself\"}, {\"word\": \"pay for itself\"}, {\"word\": \"repeat itself\"}, {\"word\": \"suggest itself\"}, {\"word\": \"the trash takes itself out\"}, {\"word\": \"thing in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"thing-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"write itself\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"hit-self\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English hit-self\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"self\"}, \"expansion\": \"it + -self\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English hit-self, equivalent to it + -self.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"it\", \"tags\": [\"reflexive-of\"]}, {\"form\": \"himself\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"]}, {\"form\": \"herself\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"]}, {\"form\": \"themself\", \"tags\": [\"gender-neutral\"]}, {\"form\": \"themselves\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"10\": \"herself\", \"11\": \"gender-neutral\", \"12\": \"themself\", \"13\": \"plural\", \"14\": \"themselves\", \"15\": \"\", \"16\": \"\", \"17\": \"\", \"18\": \"\", \"19\": \"\", \"2\": \"pronoun\", \"20\": \"\", \"3\": \"the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"the reflexive form of\", \"6\": \"it\", \"7\": \"masculine\", \"8\": \"himself\", \"9\": \"feminine\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"the reflexive form of\", \"10\": \"themselves\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"masculine\", \"4\": \"himself\", \"5\": \"feminine\", \"6\": \"herself\", \"7\": \"gender-neutral\", \"8\": \"themself\", \"9\": \"plural\", \"desc\": \"the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun\"}, \"expansion\": \"itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)\", \"name\": \"en-pron\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"pron\", \"related\": [{\"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"Ime\"}, {\"word\": \"me\"}, {\"word\": \"myselfmemysen\"}, {\"word\": \"mine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"before-vowel\"], \"word\": \"mymineme\"}, {\"word\": \"we\"}, {\"word\": \"us\"}, {\"word\": \"ourselvesourselfoursen\"}, {\"word\": \"ours\"}, {\"word\": \"our\"}, {\"word\": \"you\"}, {\"word\": \"yourselfyoursen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"yoursyourn\"}, {\"word\": \"your\"}, {\"word\": \"thou\"}, {\"word\": \"thee\"}, {\"word\": \"thyselftheeselfthysen\"}, {\"word\": \"thine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"before-vowel\"], \"word\": \"thythine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"youye\"}, {\"word\": \"yourselves\"}, {\"word\": \"you ally'all you guys\"}, {\"word\": \"y'allselves\"}, {\"tags\": [\"proscribed\"], \"word\": \"y'all's you guys' your guys'\"}, {\"tags\": [\"nonstandard\", \"proscribed\"], \"word\": \"y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'\"}, {\"word\": \"he\"}, {\"word\": \"him\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"himselfhisselfhissen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"hishisn\"}, {\"word\": \"his\"}, {\"word\": \"she\"}, {\"word\": \"her\"}, {\"word\": \"herselfhersen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"hershern\"}, {\"word\": \"ithit\"}, {\"word\": \"itselfhitself\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"itshis\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"itshishits\"}, {\"word\": \"they\"}, {\"word\": \"them\"}, {\"word\": \"themself\"}, {\"word\": \"themselves\"}, {\"word\": \"theirs\"}, {\"word\": \"their\"}, {\"word\": \"one\"}, {\"word\": \"oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"–\"}, {\"word\": \"one's\"}, {\"word\": \"themhem\"}, {\"word\": \"'em\"}, {\"word\": \"themselvestheirsen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"theirstheirn\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English reflexive pronouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The door closed by itself\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject\"], \"tags\": [\"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"reflexive\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 2, member 6, subsection iv, page 298:\", \"text\": \"Beautie alone is a ſoveraigne remedy againſt feare,griefe,and all melancholy fits; a charm,as Peter de la Seine and many other writers affirme,a banquet it ſelfe;he gives inſtance in diſcontented Menelaus that was ſo often freed by Helenas faire face: and ʰTully, 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chiefe patron of this Tenent.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"The door itself is quite heavy.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate\"], \"tags\": [\"emphatic\", \"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1842, Andrew Ure, A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures and Mines:\", \"text\": \"The oil by degrees gets covered with a curdy mass, which after some time settles to the bottom, while itself becomes limpid and colorless.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; used to refer back to an earlier subject\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"emphatic\", \"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ɪtˈsɛlf/\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\", \"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-itself.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg/En-us-itself.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɪtˈself/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɛlf\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"itsself\"}, {\"word\": \"it self\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"it selfe\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhu\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهُ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhā\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهَا\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sjabjé\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"сябе́\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"note\": \"verb ending\", \"roman\": \"-cca\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"-цца\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"es\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sám\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sebe\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sám sebe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"zichzelf\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"itsensä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"von selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"von allein\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sich selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautó\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτό\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautôi\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτῷ\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautoû\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτοῦ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\"], \"word\": \"maga\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\"], \"word\": \"magát\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sé\"}, {\"code\": \"kjh\", \"lang\": \"Khakas\", \"roman\": \"pozı\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"позы\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sē\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sēsē\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sibi\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"suī\"}, {\"code\": \"mfe\", \"lang\": \"Mauritian Creole\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"limem\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"tʼáá bí\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"iežas\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"a si mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"-sja\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"-ся\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sebjá\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"себя́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sam sebjá\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"сам себя́\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"solo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"a si mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"por si mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"bodu\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"боду\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sébe\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"се́бе\"}, {\"code\": \"sah\", \"lang\": \"Yakut\", \"roman\": \"beyete\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"бэйэтэ\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhu\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهُ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhā\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهَا\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"janó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"яно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"samijat\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"самият\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mateix\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sám\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"samotný\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"o sobě\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sám o sobě\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"jako takový\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"zelf\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mem\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"itse\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"soi-même\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"autó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"αὐτό\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"maga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"se stesso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sé stesso\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ipsum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viņš pats\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"viņa pati\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ieš\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ono samo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ele/ela mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"próprio\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"própria\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"onó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"оно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ono samo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sí mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vonó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"воно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"само́\"}], \"word\": \"itself\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "pron",
  "title": "itself",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "itself/English/pron: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English grammar appendices\", \"English intensifiers\", \"English lemmas\", \"English pronouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -self\", \"English third person pronouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛlf\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/2 syllables\", \"Terms with American Sign Language translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khakas translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mauritian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Yakut translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"a house divided against itself cannot stand\"}, {\"word\": \"being-for-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"being-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"dense-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"end in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"history repeats itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in and of itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in-itselfness\"}, {\"word\": \"lend itself to\"}, {\"word\": \"of itself\"}, {\"word\": \"pay for itself\"}, {\"word\": \"repeat itself\"}, {\"word\": \"suggest itself\"}, {\"word\": \"the trash takes itself out\"}, {\"word\": \"thing in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"thing-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"write itself\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"hit-self\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English hit-self\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"self\"}, \"expansion\": \"it + -self\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English hit-self, equivalent to it + -self.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"it\", \"tags\": [\"reflexive-of\"]}, {\"form\": \"himself\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"]}, {\"form\": \"herself\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"]}, {\"form\": \"themself\", \"tags\": [\"gender-neutral\"]}, {\"form\": \"themselves\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"10\": \"herself\", \"11\": \"gender-neutral\", \"12\": \"themself\", \"13\": \"plural\", \"14\": \"themselves\", \"15\": \"\", \"16\": \"\", \"17\": \"\", \"18\": \"\", \"19\": \"\", \"2\": \"pronoun\", \"20\": \"\", \"3\": \"the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"the reflexive form of\", \"6\": \"it\", \"7\": \"masculine\", \"8\": \"himself\", \"9\": \"feminine\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"the reflexive form of\", \"10\": \"themselves\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"masculine\", \"4\": \"himself\", \"5\": \"feminine\", \"6\": \"herself\", \"7\": \"gender-neutral\", \"8\": \"themself\", \"9\": \"plural\", \"desc\": \"the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun\"}, \"expansion\": \"itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)\", \"name\": \"en-pron\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"pron\", \"related\": [{\"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"Ime\"}, {\"word\": \"me\"}, {\"word\": \"myselfmemysen\"}, {\"word\": \"mine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"before-vowel\"], \"word\": \"mymineme\"}, {\"word\": \"we\"}, {\"word\": \"us\"}, {\"word\": \"ourselvesourselfoursen\"}, {\"word\": \"ours\"}, {\"word\": \"our\"}, {\"word\": \"you\"}, {\"word\": \"yourselfyoursen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"yoursyourn\"}, {\"word\": \"your\"}, {\"word\": \"thou\"}, {\"word\": \"thee\"}, {\"word\": \"thyselftheeselfthysen\"}, {\"word\": \"thine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"before-vowel\"], \"word\": \"thythine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"youye\"}, {\"word\": \"yourselves\"}, {\"word\": \"you ally'all you guys\"}, {\"word\": \"y'allselves\"}, {\"tags\": [\"proscribed\"], \"word\": \"y'all's you guys' your guys'\"}, {\"tags\": [\"nonstandard\", \"proscribed\"], \"word\": \"y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'\"}, {\"word\": \"he\"}, {\"word\": \"him\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"himselfhisselfhissen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"hishisn\"}, {\"word\": \"his\"}, {\"word\": \"she\"}, {\"word\": \"her\"}, {\"word\": \"herselfhersen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"hershern\"}, {\"word\": \"ithit\"}, {\"word\": \"itselfhitself\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"itshis\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"itshishits\"}, {\"word\": \"they\"}, {\"word\": \"them\"}, {\"word\": \"themself\"}, {\"word\": \"themselves\"}, {\"word\": \"theirs\"}, {\"word\": \"their\"}, {\"word\": \"one\"}, {\"word\": \"oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"–\"}, {\"word\": \"one's\"}, {\"word\": \"themhem\"}, {\"word\": \"'em\"}, {\"word\": \"themselvestheirsen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"theirstheirn\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English reflexive pronouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The door closed by itself\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject\"], \"tags\": [\"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"reflexive\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 2, member 6, subsection iv, page 298:\", \"text\": \"Beautie alone is a ſoveraigne remedy againſt feare,griefe,and all melancholy fits; a charm,as Peter de la Seine and many other writers affirme,a banquet it ſelfe;he gives inſtance in diſcontented Menelaus that was ſo often freed by Helenas faire face: and ʰTully, 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chiefe patron of this Tenent.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"The door itself is quite heavy.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate\"], \"tags\": [\"emphatic\", \"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1842, Andrew Ure, A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures and Mines:\", \"text\": \"The oil by degrees gets covered with a curdy mass, which after some time settles to the bottom, while itself becomes limpid and colorless.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; used to refer back to an earlier subject\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"emphatic\", \"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ɪtˈsɛlf/\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\", \"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-itself.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg/En-us-itself.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɪtˈself/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɛlf\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"itsself\"}, {\"word\": \"it self\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"it selfe\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhu\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهُ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhā\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهَا\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sjabjé\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"сябе́\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"note\": \"verb ending\", \"roman\": \"-cca\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"-цца\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"es\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sám\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sebe\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sám sebe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"zichzelf\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"itsensä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"von selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"von allein\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sich selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautó\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτό\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautôi\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτῷ\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautoû\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτοῦ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\"], \"word\": \"maga\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\"], \"word\": \"magát\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sé\"}, {\"code\": \"kjh\", \"lang\": \"Khakas\", \"roman\": \"pozı\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"позы\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sē\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sēsē\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sibi\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"suī\"}, {\"code\": \"mfe\", \"lang\": \"Mauritian Creole\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"limem\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"tʼáá bí\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"iežas\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"a si mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"-sja\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"-ся\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sebjá\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"себя́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sam sebjá\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"сам себя́\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"solo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"a si mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"por si mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"bodu\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"боду\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sébe\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"се́бе\"}, {\"code\": \"sah\", \"lang\": \"Yakut\", \"roman\": \"beyete\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"бэйэтэ\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhu\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهُ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhā\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهَا\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"janó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"яно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"samijat\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"самият\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mateix\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sám\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"samotný\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"o sobě\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sám o sobě\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"jako takový\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"zelf\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mem\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"itse\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"soi-même\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"autó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"αὐτό\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"maga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"se stesso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sé stesso\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ipsum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viņš pats\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"viņa pati\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ieš\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ono samo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ele/ela mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"próprio\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"própria\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"onó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"оно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ono samo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sí mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vonó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"воно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"само́\"}], \"word\": \"itself\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "pron",
  "title": "itself",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
  "msg": "itself/English/pron: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English grammar appendices\", \"English intensifiers\", \"English lemmas\", \"English pronouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms suffixed with -self\", \"English third person pronouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Korean translations\", \"Requests for review of Mandarin translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛlf\", \"Rhymes:English/ɛlf/2 syllables\", \"Terms with American Sign Language translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khakas translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Mauritian Creole translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Yakut translations\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"a house divided against itself cannot stand\"}, {\"word\": \"being-for-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"being-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"dense-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"end in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"history repeats itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in and of itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"in-itselfness\"}, {\"word\": \"lend itself to\"}, {\"word\": \"of itself\"}, {\"word\": \"pay for itself\"}, {\"word\": \"repeat itself\"}, {\"word\": \"suggest itself\"}, {\"word\": \"the trash takes itself out\"}, {\"word\": \"thing in itself\"}, {\"word\": \"thing-in-itself\"}, {\"word\": \"write itself\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"hit-self\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English hit-self\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"self\"}, \"expansion\": \"it + -self\", \"name\": \"suffix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English hit-self, equivalent to it + -self.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"it\", \"tags\": [\"reflexive-of\"]}, {\"form\": \"himself\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"]}, {\"form\": \"herself\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"]}, {\"form\": \"themself\", \"tags\": [\"gender-neutral\"]}, {\"form\": \"themselves\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"10\": \"herself\", \"11\": \"gender-neutral\", \"12\": \"themself\", \"13\": \"plural\", \"14\": \"themselves\", \"15\": \"\", \"16\": \"\", \"17\": \"\", \"18\": \"\", \"19\": \"\", \"2\": \"pronoun\", \"20\": \"\", \"3\": \"the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"the reflexive form of\", \"6\": \"it\", \"7\": \"masculine\", \"8\": \"himself\", \"9\": \"feminine\", \"head\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)\", \"name\": \"head\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"the reflexive form of\", \"10\": \"themselves\", \"2\": \"it\", \"3\": \"masculine\", \"4\": \"himself\", \"5\": \"feminine\", \"6\": \"herself\", \"7\": \"gender-neutral\", \"8\": \"themself\", \"9\": \"plural\", \"desc\": \"the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun\"}, \"expansion\": \"itself (the third person singular, neuter, personal pronoun, the reflexive form of it, masculine himself, feminine herself, gender-neutral themself, plural themselves)\", \"name\": \"en-pron\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"pron\", \"related\": [{\"tags\": [\"colloquial\"], \"word\": \"Ime\"}, {\"word\": \"me\"}, {\"word\": \"myselfmemysen\"}, {\"word\": \"mine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"before-vowel\"], \"word\": \"mymineme\"}, {\"word\": \"we\"}, {\"word\": \"us\"}, {\"word\": \"ourselvesourselfoursen\"}, {\"word\": \"ours\"}, {\"word\": \"our\"}, {\"word\": \"you\"}, {\"word\": \"yourselfyoursen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"yoursyourn\"}, {\"word\": \"your\"}, {\"word\": \"thou\"}, {\"word\": \"thee\"}, {\"word\": \"thyselftheeselfthysen\"}, {\"word\": \"thine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"before-vowel\"], \"word\": \"thythine\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"youye\"}, {\"word\": \"yourselves\"}, {\"word\": \"you ally'all you guys\"}, {\"word\": \"y'allselves\"}, {\"tags\": [\"proscribed\"], \"word\": \"y'all's you guys' your guys'\"}, {\"tags\": [\"nonstandard\", \"proscribed\"], \"word\": \"y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'\"}, {\"word\": \"he\"}, {\"word\": \"him\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"himselfhisselfhissen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"hishisn\"}, {\"word\": \"his\"}, {\"word\": \"she\"}, {\"word\": \"her\"}, {\"word\": \"herselfhersen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"hershern\"}, {\"word\": \"ithit\"}, {\"word\": \"itselfhitself\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"itshis\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"itshishits\"}, {\"word\": \"they\"}, {\"word\": \"them\"}, {\"word\": \"themself\"}, {\"word\": \"themselves\"}, {\"word\": \"theirs\"}, {\"word\": \"their\"}, {\"word\": \"one\"}, {\"word\": \"oneself\"}, {\"word\": \"–\"}, {\"word\": \"one's\"}, {\"word\": \"themhem\"}, {\"word\": \"'em\"}, {\"word\": \"themselvestheirsen\"}, {\"tags\": [\"dialectal\", \"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"theirstheirn\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English reflexive pronouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The door closed by itself\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(reflexive pronoun) it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject\"], \"tags\": [\"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"reflexive\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 2, member 6, subsection iv, page 298:\", \"text\": \"Beautie alone is a ſoveraigne remedy againſt feare,griefe,and all melancholy fits; a charm,as Peter de la Seine and many other writers affirme,a banquet it ſelfe;he gives inſtance in diſcontented Menelaus that was ſo often freed by Helenas faire face: and ʰTully, 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chiefe patron of this Tenent.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"The door itself is quite heavy.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(emphatic) it; used to intensify the subject, especially to emphasize that it is the only participant in the predicate\"], \"tags\": [\"emphatic\", \"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1842, Andrew Ure, A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures and Mines:\", \"text\": \"The oil by degrees gets covered with a curdy mass, which after some time settles to the bottom, while itself becomes limpid and colorless.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"it; used to refer back to an earlier subject\"], \"links\": [[\"it\", \"it\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(emphatic, archaic) it; used to refer back to an earlier subject\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"emphatic\", \"neuter\", \"personal\", \"pronoun\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ɪtˈsɛlf/\", \"tags\": [\"Canada\", \"General-American\", \"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-itself.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg/En-us-itself.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/En-us-itself.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ɪtˈself/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɛlf\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"itsself\"}, {\"word\": \"it self\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"it selfe\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhu\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهُ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhā\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهَا\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"sjabjé\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"сябе́\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"note\": \"verb ending\", \"roman\": \"-cca\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"-цца\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"es\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sám\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sebe\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sám sebe\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"zichzelf\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"itsensä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"von selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"von allein\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sich selbst\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautó\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτό\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautôi\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτῷ\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"heautoû\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"ἑαυτοῦ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"nominative\"], \"word\": \"maga\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"accusative\"], \"word\": \"magát\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sé\"}, {\"code\": \"kjh\", \"lang\": \"Khakas\", \"roman\": \"pozı\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"позы\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sē\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sēsē\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"sibi\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"suī\"}, {\"code\": \"mfe\", \"lang\": \"Mauritian Creole\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"limem\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"tʼáá bí\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"iežas\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"a si mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"-sja\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"-ся\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sebjá\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"себя́\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sam sebjá\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"сам себя́\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"se\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"solo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"a si mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"por si mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"bodu\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"боду\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"sébe\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"се́бе\"}, {\"code\": \"sah\", \"lang\": \"Yakut\", \"roman\": \"beyete\", \"sense\": \"(reflexive) it\", \"word\": \"бэйэтэ\"}, {\"code\": \"ase\", \"lang\": \"American Sign Language\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"A@Chesthigh SmallFrontandback\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhu\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهُ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"nafsuhā\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"نَفْسُهَا\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"janó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"яно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"samijat\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"самият\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mateix\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sám\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"samotný\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"o sobě\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sám o sobě\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"jako takový\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"zelf\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mem\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"itse\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"soi-même\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"autó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"αὐτό\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"maga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"se stesso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sé stesso\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ipsum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viņš pats\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"viņa pati\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ieš\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ono samo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"ele/ela mesmo\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"próprio\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"própria\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"onó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"оно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ono samo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"sí mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"mismo\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"vonó samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"воно́ само́\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"samó\", \"sense\": \"(emphatic) it\", \"word\": \"само́\"}], \"word\": \"itself\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "pron",
  "title": "itself",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.