See familiar in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “known to one”",
"word": "unfamiliar"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “known to one”",
"word": "unknown"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “acquainted”",
"word": "unacquainted"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "cold"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "cool"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "distant"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "impersonal"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "standoffish"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "unfriendly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "strange"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "unaccustomed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "unpredictable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "unwonted"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "familiar fraud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "familiarity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "familiarly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "familiar stranger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "on familiar ground"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "overfamiliar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "familiāris",
"4": "",
"5": "pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household"
},
"expansion": "Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "familial"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of familial",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hīwcūþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English hīwcūþ",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial. Displaced native Old English hīwcūþ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more familiar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most familiar",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "familiar (comparative more familiar, superlative most familiar)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "common"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "customary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "everyday"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "normal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "regular"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "familial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "accepted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "approved"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "believed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "recognized"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:",
"text": "The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "There’s a familiar face; that tune sounds familiar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Known to one, or generally known; commonplace."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-adj-bblQ~3x3",
"links": [
[
"Known",
"know"
],
[
"commonplace",
"commonplace"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maʔlūf",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "مَأْلُوف"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "canotʻ",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "ծանոթ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "tanış",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "таныш"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "znajómy",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "знаёмы"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "paricit",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "परिचित"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poznát",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "позна́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvésten",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "изве́стен"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shúxī, shóuxī",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "známý"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekendt"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekend"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "konata"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familier"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nacnobi",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "ნაცნობი"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekannt"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oikeíos",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "οικείος"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gnostós",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "γνωστός"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gnórimos",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "γνώριμος"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "filikós",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "φιλικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "gnṓrimos",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "γνώριμος"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mukkár",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מֻכָּר"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "paricit",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "परिचित"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "ismerős"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiara"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "aithnidiúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "o-najimi no",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "おなじみの"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "allyeojin",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "알려진"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "nas"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "niyas"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "conocido"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poznat",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "познат"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "paricayamuḷḷa",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "പരിചയമുള്ള"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "paricitaṁ",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "പരിചിതം"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "paricit",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "परिचित"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "oḷkhīce",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ओळखीचे"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "oḷkhīcī",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ओळखीची"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "oḷkhīcā",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ओळखीचा"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "fanmilyi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âšnâ, âšenâ",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "آشنا"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "znany"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "znajomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "nieobcy"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "znakómyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "знако́мый"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izvéstnyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "изве́стный"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "упознат"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "upoznat"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "známy"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "znan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "poznan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekant"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "pamilyar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znajómyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "знайо́мий"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 6 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidómyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "відо́мий"
}
]
},
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"examples": [
{
"text": "I'm quite familiar with this system; she's not familiar with manual gears.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acquainted."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-adj-GyJxnGED",
"links": [
[
"Acquainted",
"acquainted"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "acquainted"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "hy",
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"roman": "canotʻ",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "ծանոթ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poznát",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "позна́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shúxī, shóuxī",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "fortrolig"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "bekendt"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "vertrouwd"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exoikeioménos",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "εξοικειωμένος"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "be familiar with",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "eolas a bheith agat ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "aithnidiúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "şareza",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "شارەزا"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "aşna"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "şareza"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "pispor"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "zana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "suētus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "waia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "kjent"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âšnâ, âšenâ",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "آشنا"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "znajomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "conhecido"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "znakómyj",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "знако́мый"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 95 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znajómyj",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "знайо́мий"
}
]
},
{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We are on familiar terms now; our neighbour is not familiar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Don’t be familiar with me, boy!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 156, column 1:",
"text": "Be thou familiar; but by no meanes vulgar:[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intimate or friendly."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-adj-mNUC5CNA",
"links": [
[
"Intimate",
"intimate"
],
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "close"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "friendly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "intimate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "personal"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 94 0",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "cheeky"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 94 0",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "fresh"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 94 0",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "impudent"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "mterim",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "մտերիմ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blízǎk",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "бли́зък"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "intímen",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "инти́мен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shúxī, shóuxī",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "vertrouwd"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiara"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "läheinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "tuttavallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familier"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oikeíos",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "οικείος"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "filikós",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "φιλικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familier"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "akrab"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "nêz"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "nêzîk"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "rata"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "fanmilyi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "bliski"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "poufały"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiarny"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "próximo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blízkij",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "бли́зкий"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "intímnyj",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "инти́мный"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "mahilway"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpen-mít",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "เป็นมิตร"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "blyzʹkýj",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "близьки́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 96 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "intýmnyj",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "інти́мний"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "familiáren",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "фамилиа́рен"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiair"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "trofamiliara"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "liian tuttavallinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "poufały"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "familʹjárnyj",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "фамилья́рный"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "mahilway"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 4 93 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "familʹjárnyj",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "фамілья́рний"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1822, Lord Byron, Werner\nfamiliar feuds",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a family; familial."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-adj-0LjdPdUf",
"links": [
[
"familial",
"familial"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-familiar.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/En-us-familiar.ogg/En-us-familiar.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/En-us-familiar.ogg"
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "accustomed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "habitual"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "known"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "predictable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "routine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "wonted"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "wontish"
}
],
"word": "familiar"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "familiāris",
"4": "",
"5": "pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household"
},
"expansion": "Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "familial"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of familial",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hīwcūþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English hīwcūþ",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial. Displaced native Old English hīwcūþ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "familiars",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
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}
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The witch’s familiar was a black cat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 75:",
"text": "The familiars of the magicians, on the other hand, were not in all cases evil, and often may have approximated the \"guides\" with whom present-day spiritualists are well acquainted.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 8:",
"text": "\"What power hath gold?\" Catweazle wondered as he picked up his familiar and put him in his special pocket.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-noun-UoZomxcD",
"links": [
[
"attendant",
"attendant"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"demon",
"demon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(witchcraft) An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form."
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "familyar",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "ֆամիլյար"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǐmó",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "使魔"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "geleidegeest"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "geleidedier"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "apuolento"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "apuhenki"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esprit familier"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "familier"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "daimónia",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "δαιμόνια"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spirito famigliare"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "famiglio"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"alt": "つかいま",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsukaima",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "使い魔"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sayeongma",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "사역마"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chowaniec"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espírito familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "spirit familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "familʹjár",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фамилья́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "duh zaštitnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familijar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espíritu familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "husande"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "familʹjar",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "фамільяр"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 1 1 2 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "sứ ma"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A member of one's family or household."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-noun-yuCk82x~",
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"household",
"household"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A member of one's family or household."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A member of a pope's or bishop's household."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-noun-KH81XNm~",
"links": [
[
"pope",
"pope"
],
[
"bishop",
"bishop"
]
]
},
{
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{
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Concerning the Patient”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 1, member 4, subsection 3, page 199:",
"text": "[A] friend of mine, that finding a Receipt in Braſsivola, would needs take Hellebor in ſubſtance, & try it on his own perſon; but had not ſome of his familiars come to viſite him by chance, he had by his indiſcretion hazarded himſelfe; many ſuch I have obſerued.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A close friend."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-noun-ozjwV3vs",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A close friend."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
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{
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],
"glosses": [
"The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people."
],
"id": "en-familiar-en-noun-qMPCiOKM",
"links": [
[
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"Inquisition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nigget"
}
],
"word": "familiar"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “known to one”",
"word": "unfamiliar"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “known to one”",
"word": "unknown"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “acquainted”",
"word": "unacquainted"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "cold"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "cool"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "distant"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "impersonal"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "standoffish"
},
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “intimate”",
"word": "unfriendly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "strange"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "unaccustomed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "unpredictable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "unwonted"
}
],
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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"Terms with Arabic translations",
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"Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"es:Family members"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "familiar fraud"
},
{
"word": "familiarity"
},
{
"word": "familiarly"
},
{
"word": "familiar stranger"
},
{
"word": "on familiar ground"
},
{
"word": "overfamiliar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "familiāris",
"4": "",
"5": "pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household"
},
"expansion": "Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "familial"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of familial",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hīwcūþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English hīwcūþ",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial. Displaced native Old English hīwcūþ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more familiar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most familiar",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "familiar (comparative more familiar, superlative most familiar)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "common"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "customary"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "everyday"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "normal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "regular"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "familial"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "accepted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "approved"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "believed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "recognized"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 249:",
"text": "The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen. No one queried it. It was in the classic pattern of human weakness, mean and embarrassing and sad.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8845:",
"text": "Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "There’s a familiar face; that tune sounds familiar.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Known to one, or generally known; commonplace."
],
"links": [
[
"Known",
"know"
],
[
"commonplace",
"commonplace"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I'm quite familiar with this system; she's not familiar with manual gears.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Acquainted."
],
"links": [
[
"Acquainted",
"acquainted"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "We are on familiar terms now; our neighbour is not familiar",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Don’t be familiar with me, boy!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii], page 156, column 1:",
"text": "Be thou familiar; but by no meanes vulgar:[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Intimate or friendly."
],
"links": [
[
"Intimate",
"intimate"
],
[
"friendly",
"friendly"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1822, Lord Byron, Werner\nfamiliar feuds",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a family; familial."
],
"links": [
[
"familial",
"familial"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-familiar.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/En-us-familiar.ogg/En-us-familiar.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/En-us-familiar.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "acquainted"
},
{
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "close"
},
{
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "friendly"
},
{
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "intimate"
},
{
"sense": "friendly",
"tags": [
"intimate"
],
"word": "personal"
},
{
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "cheeky"
},
{
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "fresh"
},
{
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "impudent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "accustomed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "habitual"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "known"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "predictable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "routine"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "wonted"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:familiar",
"word": "wontish"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "maʔlūf",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "مَأْلُوف"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "canotʻ",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "ծանոթ"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "tanış",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "таныш"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "znajómy",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "знаёмы"
},
{
"code": "bho",
"lang": "Bhojpuri",
"roman": "paricit",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "परिचित"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poznát",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "позна́т"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvésten",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "изве́стен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shúxī, shóuxī",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "známý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekendt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekend"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "konata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familier"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nacnobi",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "ნაცნობი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekannt"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oikeíos",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "οικείος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gnostós",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "γνωστός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gnórimos",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "γνώριμος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "filikós",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "φιλικός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "gnṓrimos",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "γνώριμος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mukkár",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מֻכָּר"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "paricit",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "परिचित"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "ismerős"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiara"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "aithnidiúil"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "o-najimi no",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "おなじみの"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "allyeojin",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "알려진"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "nas"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "niyas"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "conocido"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "poznat",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "познат"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "paricayamuḷḷa",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "പരിചയമുള്ള"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "paricitaṁ",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "പരിചിതം"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "paricit",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "परिचित"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "oḷkhīce",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ओळखीचे"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "oḷkhīcī",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ओळखीची"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "oḷkhīcā",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ओळखीचा"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "fanmilyi"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âšnâ, âšenâ",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "آشنا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "znany"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "znajomy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "nieobcy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "znakómyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "знако́мый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izvéstnyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "изве́стный"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "упознат"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "known to one",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "upoznat"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "známy"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "znan"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "poznan"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "bekant"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "pamilyar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znajómyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "знайо́мий"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "vidómyj",
"sense": "known to one",
"word": "відо́мий"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "canotʻ",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "ծանոթ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poznát",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "позна́т"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shúxī, shóuxī",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "fortrolig"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "bekendt"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "vertrouwd"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exoikeioménos",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "εξοικειωμένος"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "be familiar with",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "eolas a bheith agat ar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "aithnidiúil"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "şareza",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "شارەزا"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "aşna"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "şareza"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "pispor"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "zana"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "suētus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "waia"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "kjent"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âšnâ, âšenâ",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "آشنا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "znajomy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "conhecido"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "znakómyj",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "знако́мый"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znajómyj",
"sense": "acquainted",
"word": "знайо́мий"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "mterim",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "մտերիմ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blízǎk",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "бли́зък"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "intímen",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "инти́мен"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shúxī, shóuxī",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "熟悉"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "vertrouwd"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "läheinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "tuttavallinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familier"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oikeíos",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "οικείος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "filikós",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "φιλικός"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familier"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "akrab"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiare"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "nêz"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "nêzîk"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "rata"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "fanmilyi"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "bliski"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "poufały"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiarny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "próximo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "blízkij",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "бли́зкий"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "intímnyj",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "инти́мный"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "mahilway"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpen-mít",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "เป็นมิตร"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "blyzʹkýj",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "близьки́й"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "intýmnyj",
"sense": "intimate or friendly",
"word": "інти́мний"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "familiáren",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "фамилиа́рен"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "familiair"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "trofamiliara"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "liian tuttavallinen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "poufały"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "familʹjárnyj",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "фамилья́рный"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "mahilway"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "familʹjárnyj",
"sense": "inappropriately intimate or friendly",
"word": "фамілья́рний"
}
],
"word": "familiar"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bhojpuri translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"es:Family members"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "familiāris",
"4": "",
"5": "pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household"
},
"expansion": "Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "familial"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of familial",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hīwcūþ"
},
"expansion": "Old English hīwcūþ",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin familiāris (“pertaining to servants; pertaining to the household”). Doublet of familial. Displaced native Old English hīwcūþ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "familiars",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "familiar (plural familiars)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "a tutelary spirit that guides a person",
"word": "daimon"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The witch’s familiar was a black cat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 75:",
"text": "The familiars of the magicians, on the other hand, were not in all cases evil, and often may have approximated the \"guides\" with whom present-day spiritualists are well acquainted.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 8:",
"text": "\"What power hath gold?\" Catweazle wondered as he picked up his familiar and put him in his special pocket.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form."
],
"links": [
[
"attendant",
"attendant"
],
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"demon",
"demon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(witchcraft) An attendant spirit, often in animal or demon form."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A member of one's family or household."
],
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"household",
"household"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A member of one's family or household."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A member of a pope's or bishop's household."
],
"links": [
[
"pope",
"pope"
],
[
"bishop",
"bishop"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Concerning the Patient”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 1, member 4, subsection 3, page 199:",
"text": "[A] friend of mine, that finding a Receipt in Braſsivola, would needs take Hellebor in ſubſtance, & try it on his own perſon; but had not ſome of his familiars come to viſite him by chance, he had by his indiſcretion hazarded himſelfe; many ſuch I have obſerued.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A close friend."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A close friend."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people."
],
"links": [
[
"Inquisition",
"Inquisition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) The officer of the Inquisition who arrested suspected people."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fəˈmɪl.i.ɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɚˈmɪl.jɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-familiar.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/En-us-familiar.ogg/En-us-familiar.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/En-us-familiar.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nigget"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "familyar",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "ֆամիլյար"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǐmó",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "使魔"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "geleidegeest"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "geleidedier"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "apuolento"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "apuhenki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esprit familier"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "familier"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "daimónia",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "δαιμόνια"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spirito famigliare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "famiglio"
},
{
"alt": "つかいま",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tsukaima",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "使い魔"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sayeongma",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "사역마"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chowaniec"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espírito familiar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "spirit familiar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "familʹjár",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фамилья́р"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "duh zaštitnik"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familijar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "espíritu familiar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "familiar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "husande"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "familʹjar",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "фамільяр"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "attendant spirit",
"word": "sứ ma"
}
],
"word": "familiar"
}
Download raw JSONL data for familiar meaning in English (28.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: witchcraft",
"path": [
"familiar"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "familiar",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: witchcraft",
"path": [
"familiar"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "familiar",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.