See abash in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for abash meaning in English (15.5kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "dignify"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "honor"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashedness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abashment"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bashful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "unabashed"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abaisen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abaisen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abaishen"
},
"expansion": "abaishen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abashen",
"3": "",
"4": "lose one's composure, be upset"
},
"expansion": "abashen (“lose one's composure, be upset”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "abaiss",
"4": "abaïss"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman abaïss",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "abair"
},
"expansion": "Middle French abair",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "abaisser",
"3": "",
"4": "lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned"
},
"expansion": "abaisser (“lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "esbair",
"4": "esbaïr"
},
"expansion": "Old French esbaïr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ébahir"
},
"expansion": "ébahir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "es-",
"3": "",
"4": "utterly"
},
"expansion": "es- (“utterly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bair",
"3": "baïr",
"4": "to astonish"
},
"expansion": "baïr (“to astonish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*exbadō"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *exbadō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex-",
"t": "out of"
},
"expansion": "ex- (“out of”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "bado",
"t": "I gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "bado (“I gape, yawn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "onomatopoeic"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "badaud",
"t": "rubbernecker"
},
"expansion": "French badaud (“rubbernecker”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested from 1303, as Middle English abaisen, abaishen, abashen (“lose one's composure, be upset”), from the later 14th-century also transitive \"to make ashamed, to perplex or embarrass\"; from Anglo-Norman abaïss, from Middle French abair, abaisser (“lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned”), from Old French esbaïr, (French ébahir), from es- (“utterly”) + baïr (“to astonish”), from Medieval Latin *exbadō, from ex- (“out of”) + bado (“I gape, yawn”), an onomatopoeic word imitating a yawn, see also French badaud (“rubbernecker”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abash (third-person singular simple present abashes, present participle abashing, simple past and past participle abashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "attack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "defame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "deride"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "insult"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "mock"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "ether"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "put someone in his place"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "schlong"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "soften someone's cough"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "make a fool of oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "make a spectacle of oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "make an exhibition of oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "put one's foot in it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "put one's foot in one's mouth"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "embarrassed"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "abet"
},
{
"word": "animate"
},
{
"word": "buoy"
},
{
"word": "cheer"
},
{
"word": "countenance"
},
{
"word": "embolden"
},
{
"word": "encourage"
},
{
"word": "incite"
},
{
"word": "inspirit"
},
{
"word": "rally"
},
{
"word": "reassure"
},
{
"word": "uphold"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 8, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 129",
"text": "The stare seemed to abash Poirot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit."
],
"id": "en-abash-en-verb-kMTWUTAi",
"links": [
[
"ashamed",
"ashamed"
],
[
"embarrass",
"embarrass"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"self-possession",
"self-possession"
],
[
"consciousness",
"consciousness"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"inferiority",
"inferiority"
],
[
"disconcert",
"disconcert"
],
[
"discomfit",
"discomfit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bewilder"
},
{
"word": "confuse"
},
{
"word": "confound"
},
{
"word": "daunt"
},
{
"word": "discompose"
},
{
"word": "disconcert"
},
{
"word": "discountenance"
},
{
"word": "dishearten"
},
{
"word": "embarrass"
},
{
"word": "faze"
},
{
"word": "fluster"
},
{
"word": "humble"
},
{
"word": "humiliate"
},
{
"word": "mortify"
},
{
"word": "rattle"
},
{
"word": "shake"
},
{
"word": "shame"
},
{
"word": "snub"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "utandırmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "xəcalət vermək"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "qızartmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zasramvam",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "засрамвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuštavam",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "смущавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "zahanbit"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "skamme ud"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "gøre forlegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "beschamen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "in verlegenheid brengen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "van zijn stuk brengen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "saattaa häpeilemään"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "saattaa hämille"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "saattaa hämilleen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confondre"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "beschämen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confunder"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confondere"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "imbarazzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "turbare"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"alt": "ろうばいさせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rōbaisaseru",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "狼狽させる"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "iṡtélya"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbunuva",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "збунува"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "cur nearey (er)"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "nearee"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "gjøre skamfull"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "zawstydzać"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "speszyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "envergonhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confundir"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smuščátʹ",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смуща́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "konfúzitʹ",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "конфу́зить"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privodítʹ v zamešátelʹstvo",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "приводи́ть в замеша́тельство"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "fa'ama"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confundir"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "avergonzar"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "abochornar"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "utandırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "mahcup etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bentežyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "бентежити"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zbentežyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "збентежити"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "soromyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "соромити"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prysoromyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "присоромити"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485 July 31, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter III, in William Caxton, editor, Le Morte d'Arthur, volume 1",
"text": "[...] as King Uther lay by his queen, he asked her, by the faith she owed to him, whose was the body; then she sore abashed to give answer.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lose self-possession; to become ashamed."
],
"id": "en-abash-en-verb-D68mBQm6",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To lose self-possession; to become ashamed."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"word": "nolostua"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smutítʹsja",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смути́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skonfúzitʹsja",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сконфу́зиться"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prijtí v zamešátelʹstvo",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "прийти́ в замеша́тельство"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbæʃ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-abash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/En-us-abash.ogg/En-us-abash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/En-us-abash.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-abash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/En-ca-abash.ogg/En-ca-abash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/En-ca-abash.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "abasse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "abase"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "abash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "bring low"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "confuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "confound"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "debase"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "degrade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "demean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "depress"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "disconcert"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "discomfit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "embarrass"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "humble"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "humiliate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "lower"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "mortify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "put to shame"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "shame"
}
],
"word": "abash"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "dignify"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "honor"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English onomatopoeias",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Vietnamese translations",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/2 syllables",
"en:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abashable"
},
{
"word": "abashed"
},
{
"word": "abashedly"
},
{
"word": "abashedness"
},
{
"word": "abashing"
},
{
"word": "abashless"
},
{
"word": "abashment"
},
{
"word": "bashful"
},
{
"word": "unabashed"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abaisen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abaisen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abaishen"
},
"expansion": "abaishen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "abashen",
"3": "",
"4": "lose one's composure, be upset"
},
"expansion": "abashen (“lose one's composure, be upset”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "abaiss",
"4": "abaïss"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman abaïss",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "abair"
},
"expansion": "Middle French abair",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "frm",
"2": "abaisser",
"3": "",
"4": "lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned"
},
"expansion": "abaisser (“lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "esbair",
"4": "esbaïr"
},
"expansion": "Old French esbaïr",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ébahir"
},
"expansion": "ébahir",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "es-",
"3": "",
"4": "utterly"
},
"expansion": "es- (“utterly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "bair",
"3": "baïr",
"4": "to astonish"
},
"expansion": "baïr (“to astonish”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*exbadō"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *exbadō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ex-",
"t": "out of"
},
"expansion": "ex- (“out of”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "bado",
"t": "I gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "bado (“I gape, yawn”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "onomatopoeic"
},
"expansion": "onomatopoeic",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "badaud",
"t": "rubbernecker"
},
"expansion": "French badaud (“rubbernecker”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested from 1303, as Middle English abaisen, abaishen, abashen (“lose one's composure, be upset”), from the later 14th-century also transitive \"to make ashamed, to perplex or embarrass\"; from Anglo-Norman abaïss, from Middle French abair, abaisser (“lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned”), from Old French esbaïr, (French ébahir), from es- (“utterly”) + baïr (“to astonish”), from Medieval Latin *exbadō, from ex- (“out of”) + bado (“I gape, yawn”), an onomatopoeic word imitating a yawn, see also French badaud (“rubbernecker”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abash (third-person singular simple present abashes, present participle abashing, simple past and past participle abashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "attack"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "defame"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "deride"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "insult"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "mock"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "ether"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "put someone in his place"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "schlong"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "soften someone's cough"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "make a fool of oneself"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "make a spectacle of oneself"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "make an exhibition of oneself"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "put one's foot in it"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"tags": [
"idiomatic"
],
"word": "put one's foot in one's mouth"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "embarrassed"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "abet"
},
{
"word": "animate"
},
{
"word": "buoy"
},
{
"word": "cheer"
},
{
"word": "countenance"
},
{
"word": "embolden"
},
{
"word": "encourage"
},
{
"word": "incite"
},
{
"word": "inspirit"
},
{
"word": "rally"
},
{
"word": "reassure"
},
{
"word": "uphold"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1934, Agatha Christie, chapter 8, in Murder on the Orient Express, London: HarperCollins, published 2017, page 129",
"text": "The stare seemed to abash Poirot.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit."
],
"links": [
[
"ashamed",
"ashamed"
],
[
"embarrass",
"embarrass"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"self-possession",
"self-possession"
],
[
"consciousness",
"consciousness"
],
[
"guilt",
"guilt"
],
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"inferiority",
"inferiority"
],
[
"disconcert",
"disconcert"
],
[
"discomfit",
"discomfit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bewilder"
},
{
"word": "confuse"
},
{
"word": "confound"
},
{
"word": "daunt"
},
{
"word": "discompose"
},
{
"word": "disconcert"
},
{
"word": "discountenance"
},
{
"word": "dishearten"
},
{
"word": "embarrass"
},
{
"word": "faze"
},
{
"word": "fluster"
},
{
"word": "humble"
},
{
"word": "humiliate"
},
{
"word": "mortify"
},
{
"word": "rattle"
},
{
"word": "shake"
},
{
"word": "shame"
},
{
"word": "snub"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1485 July 31, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter III, in William Caxton, editor, Le Morte d'Arthur, volume 1",
"text": "[...] as King Uther lay by his queen, he asked her, by the faith she owed to him, whose was the body; then she sore abashed to give answer.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lose self-possession; to become ashamed."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To lose self-possession; to become ashamed."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbæʃ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbæʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-abash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/En-us-abash.ogg/En-us-abash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/En-us-abash.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-abash.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4d/En-ca-abash.ogg/En-ca-abash.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/En-ca-abash.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abasse"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "abase"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "abash"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "bring low"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "confuse"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "confound"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "debase"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "degrade"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "demean"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "depress"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "disconcert"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "discomfit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "embarrass"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "humble"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "humiliate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "lower"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "mortify"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "put to shame"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:abash",
"word": "shame"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "utandırmaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "xəcalət vermək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "qızartmaq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zasramvam",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "засрамвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smuštavam",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "смущавам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "zahanbit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "skamme ud"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "gøre forlegen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "beschamen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "in verlegenheid brengen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "van zijn stuk brengen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "saattaa häpeilemään"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "saattaa hämille"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "saattaa hämilleen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confondre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "beschämen"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confunder"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confondere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "imbarazzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "turbare"
},
{
"alt": "ろうばいさせる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "rōbaisaseru",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "狼狽させる"
},
{
"code": "lkt",
"lang": "Lakota",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "iṡtélya"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zbunuva",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "збунува"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "cur nearey (er)"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "nearee"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "gjøre skamfull"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "zawstydzać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "speszyć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "envergonhar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confundir"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smuščátʹ",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "смуща́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "konfúzitʹ",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "конфу́зить"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "privodítʹ v zamešátelʹstvo",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "приводи́ть в замеша́тельство"
},
{
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "fa'ama"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "confundir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "avergonzar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "abochornar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "utandırmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "mahcup etmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bentežyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "бентежити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zbentežyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "збентежити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "soromyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "соромити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "prysoromyty",
"sense": "to make ashamed, to embarrass",
"word": "присоромити"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"word": "nolostua"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smutítʹsja",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "смути́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skonfúzitʹsja",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сконфу́зиться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prijtí v zamešátelʹstvo",
"sense": "obsolete: to lose self-possession; to become ashamed",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "прийти́ в замеша́тельство"
}
],
"word": "abash"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.