"犯" meaning in Chinese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

IPA: /fän⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /fan²¹³/ [Chengdu, Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /fæ̃⁴⁴/ [Dungan, Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /faːn²²/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /faːn²²⁻³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /fan¹¹/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /fam⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /fam⁵³/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /fæ̃⁴⁵/ [Jin, Sinological-IPA, Taiyuan], /xuaŋ⁵⁵/ [Jian'ou, Sinological-IPA], /huɑŋ²⁴²/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /huan²²/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /huan³³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Taipei], /huan²²/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /huaŋ³⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /huam³⁵/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /ɸan²¹/ [Changsha, Sinological-IPA, Xiang], /ɸan⁴⁵/ [Changsha, Sinological-IPA, Xiang], /fän⁵¹/, /fan²¹³/, /fæ̃⁴⁴/, /faːn²²/, /faːn²²⁻³⁵/, /fan¹¹/, /fam⁵⁵/, /fam⁵³/, /fæ̃⁴⁵/, /xuaŋ⁵⁵/, /huɑŋ²⁴²/, /huan²²/, /huan³³/, /huan²²/, /huaŋ³⁵/, /huam³⁵/, /ve²³/, /ɸan²¹/, /ɸan⁴⁵/ Chinese transliterations: fàn [Mandarin, Pinyin, standard], fan⁴ [Mandarin, Pinyin, standard], ㄈㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], fan⁴ [Chengdu, Mandarin, Pinyin, Sichuanese], фан [Cyrillic, Dungan, Mandarin, Wiktionary-specific], fan [Cyrillic, Dungan, Mandarin, Wiktionary-specific], III [Cyrillic, Dungan, Mandarin, Wiktionary-specific], faan⁶ [Cantonese, Jyutping], faan⁶⁻² [Cantonese, Jyutping], fan⁵ [Gan, Wiktionary-specific], fam [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], fam⁴ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], fan³ [Jin, Wiktionary-specific], huāng, huâng, hoǎn [Hokkien, POJ], hoān [Hokkien, POJ], huang⁶ [Peng'im, Teochew], huam⁶ [Peng'im, Teochew], ⁶ve, fan⁵, fan⁴, fàn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], ㄈㄢˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], fàn [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], fan⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], fàn [Mandarin, Yale], fann [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], фань [Mandarin, Palladius], fanʹ [Mandarin, Palladius], fan [Chengdu, Latinxua-Sin-Wenz, Mandarin], faahn [Cantonese, Yale], fáan [Cantonese, Yale], faan⁶ [Cantonese, Pinyin], faan⁶⁻² [Cantonese, Pinyin], fan⁶ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], fan⁶⁻² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], fan⁵ [Gan, Nanchang, Wiktionary-specific], fam [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], fam [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], fam⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], fan³ [Jin, Taiyuan, Wiktionary-specific], huāng [Jian'ou, Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized], huâng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], huǎn [Hokkien, Tai-lo], huān [Hokkien, Tai-lo], hoan [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], huăng [POJ, Teochew], huăm [POJ, Teochew], ⁶ve [Wu], ve^去 [Wu], ³ve [Wu], /ve²³/ [Wu], fan⁵ [Changsha, Wiktionary-specific, Xiang], fan⁴ [Changsha, Wiktionary-specific, Xiang], bjomX [Middle-Chinese], /*bomʔ/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: "To pass over" > "to offend against, oppose". Compare 氾. This character originally had bilabial nasal (*-m) final in Old and Middle Chinese, but had undergone dissimilation (from bilabial plosive *b-) to become *-n in most dialects. However, there are still some dialects that retain this feature, such as Meixian and Teochew dialect. Similar dissimilation happened in 帆 and 風. Etymology templates: {{zh-l|*氾}} 氾, {{zh-l|*帆}} 帆, {{zh-l|*風}} 風 Head templates: {{head|zh|hanzi}} 犯
  1. to infringe on; to attack; to encroach
    Sense id: en-犯-zh-character-e-ksJN7p
  2. to commit (crime); to violate
    Sense id: en-犯-zh-character-LeXbQZyf Categories (other): Elementary Mandarin Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 3 31 25 3 30 8
  3. criminal; offender; culprit Categories (topical): Crime
    Sense id: en-犯-zh-character-DoGo07RN Disambiguation of Crime: 1 23 65 0 4 6 Categories (other): Elementary Mandarin Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 3 31 25 3 30 8
  4. to happen; to break out (usually something wrong or bad)
    Sense id: en-犯-zh-character-1B-nIs3V Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 3 23 6 52 8 7 Disambiguation of Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 3 11 6 65 8 7
  5. to brave; to face; to withstand
    Sense id: en-犯-zh-character-VC8Agdr- Categories (other): Elementary Mandarin Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 3 31 25 3 30 8
  6. to be worth; to merit; to deserve; to be worthy of
    Sense id: en-犯-zh-character-9m8dXf9N
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: (guāi) [in-compounds, literary], 破壞 (pòhuài), 破坏 (pòhuài), 背離 (bèilí), 背离 (bèilí), 違反 (wéifǎn), 违反 (wéifǎn), 違背 (wéibèi), 违背 (wéibèi), 差事 (chāishi) [historical, literary], 差使 (chāishi) [historical, literary], 犯人 (fànrén), 犯罪分子 (fànzuì fènzǐ), 犯罪者 (fànzuìzhě), 罪犯 (zuìfàn), 違法者 (wéifǎzhě), 违法者 (wéifǎzhě), 值得, 值當 (zhídàng) [Jin, Mandarin, colloquial, including], 值当 (zhídàng) [Jin, Mandarin, colloquial, including], [literary], [in-compounds, literary] Derived forms: 不作為犯, 不作为犯, 不是風犯, 不是风犯, 不犯, 不犯尋思, 不犯寻思, 不犯王法, 不犯著, 主犯 (zhǔfàn), 互不侵犯, 人犯 (rénfàn), 作奸犯科 (zuòjiānfànkē), 作姦犯科 (zuòjiānfànkē), 作為犯, 作为犯, 來犯 (láifàn), 来犯 (láifàn), 侵犯 (qīnfàn), 偶犯, 傾巢來犯, 倾巢来犯, 兇犯 (xiōngfàn), 凶犯 (xiōngfàn), 內犯, 内犯, 共同正犯 (gòngtóng zhèngfàn), 共犯 (gòngfàn), 共犯罪, 再犯 (zàifàn), 再犯率, 冒犯 (màofàn), 冒險犯難, 冒险犯难, 凜然難犯, 凛然难犯, 刑事犯, 初犯 (chūfàn), 前科犯 (qiánkēfàn), 匪犯, 原犯, 各不相犯, 同案犯 (tóng'ànfàn), 單行犯, 单行犯, 囚犯 (qiúfàn), 女犯, 嫌犯 (xiánfàn), 嫌疑犯 (xiányífàn), 子犯, 少年犯 (shàoniánfàn), 少年犯罪 (shàonián fànzuì), 常業犯, 常业犯, 干名犯義, 干名犯义, 干犯 (gānfàn), 從犯 (cóngfàn), 从犯 (cóngfàn), 性侵犯 (xìngqīnfàn), 性犯罪 (xìngfànzuì), 惱犯, 恼犯, 慣犯 (guànfàn), 惯犯 (guànfàn), 慣行犯, 惯行犯, 戰犯 (zhànfàn), 战犯 (zhànfàn), 戰犯法庭, 战犯法庭, 打牙犯嘴, 投手犯規, 投手犯规, 技術犯規, 技术犯规, 政治犯 (zhèngzhìfàn), 故犯 (gùfàn), 教唆犯 (jiàosuōfàn), 既遂犯, 明知故犯 (míngzhīgùfàn), 智能犯罪, 暴力犯罪, 有犯無隱, 有犯无隐, 未決犯, 未决犯, 未遂犯, 欽犯 (qīnfàn), 钦犯 (qīnfàn), 正犯 (zhèngfàn), 殺人犯 (shārénfàn), 杀人犯 (shārénfàn), 毫毛不犯, 沖犯 (chōngfàn), 冲犯 (chōngfàn), 流竄犯, 流窜犯, 瀆犯, 渎犯, 牽連犯 (qiānliánfàn), 牵连犯 (qiānliánfàn), 犯上 (fànshàng), 犯上作亂, 犯上作乱, 犯不上, 犯不是, 犯不著 (fànbùzháo), 犯事 (fànshì), 犯人 (fànrén), 犯傻, 犯刺兒, 犯刺儿, 犯勁, 犯劲, 犯土, 犯境, 犯夜, 犯奸, 犯對, 犯对, 犯得上 (fàndeshàng), 犯得著 (fàndezháo), 犯忌, 犯忌諱, 犯忌讳, 犯惡, 犯恶, 犯意 (fànyì), 犯愁 (fànchóu), 犯戒 (fànjiè), 犯拙, 犯案 (fàn'àn), 犯款, 犯歲, 犯岁, 犯毒, 犯法 (fànfǎ), 犯法違理, 犯法违理, 犯渾 (fànhún), 犯浑 (fànhún), 犯潮, 犯牙兒, 犯牙儿, 犯牛勁, 犯牛劲, 犯由, 犯疑, 犯病 (fànbìng), 犯的上, 犯相, 犯禁 (fànjìn), 犯科, 犯節氣, 犯节气, 犯罪 (fànzuì), 犯罪團伙, 犯罪团伙, 犯罪學 (fànzuìxué), 犯罪学 (fànzuìxué), 犯罪率 (fànzuìlǜ), 犯罪現場 (fànzuì xiànchǎng), 犯罪现场 (fànzuì xiànchǎng), 犯罪者 (fànzuìzhě), 犯罪行為 (fànzuì xíngwéi), 犯罪行为 (fànzuì xíngwéi), 犯罪集團, 犯罪集团, 犯而不校, 犯脾氣 (fàn píqi), 犯脾气 (fàn píqi), 犯舌, 犯規 (fànguī), 犯规 (fànguī), 犯言, 犯調, 犯调, 犯諱, 犯讳, 犯賤 (fànjiàn), 犯贱 (fànjiàn), 犯蹕, 犯跸, 犯過, 犯过, 犯錯 (fàncuò), 犯错 (fàncuò), 犯闕, 犯阙, 犯關排闥, 犯关排闼, 犯難, 犯难, 犯順, 犯顺, 犯顏 (fànyán), 犯颜 (fànyán), 犯顏苦諫, 犯颜苦谏, 犯鱗, 犯鳞, 現行犯 (xiànxíngfàn), 现行犯 (xiànxíngfàn), 甲級戰犯 (jiǎjí zhànfàn), 甲级战犯 (jiǎjí zhànfàn), 疑犯 (yífàn), 白領犯罪, 白领犯罪, 盜犯, 盗犯, 監犯 (jiānfàn), 监犯 (jiānfàn), 真兇實犯, 真凶实犯, 真贓實犯, 真赃实犯, 眾怒難犯, 众怒难犯, 知法犯法 (zhīfǎfànfǎ), 秋毫不犯, 秋毫無犯 (qiūháowúfàn), 秋毫无犯 (qiūháowúfàn), 竄犯 (cuànfàn), 窜犯 (cuànfàn), 竊犯, 窃犯, 累犯 (lěifàn), 經濟犯罪, 经济犯罪, 縱火犯 (zònghuǒfàn), 纵火犯 (zònghuǒfàn), 罪犯 (zuìfàn), 脅從犯, 胁从犯, 舅犯, 良心犯 (liángxīnfàn), 虞犯少年, 行政犯, 衝犯, 冲犯, 要犯 (yàofàn), 觸犯 (chùfàn), 触犯 (chùfàn), 觸禁犯忌, 触禁犯忌, 認犯頭, 认犯头, 調犯, 调犯, 賭犯, 赌犯, 越獄犯, 越狱犯, 軍事犯, 军事犯, 逆天犯順, 逆天犯顺, 逃犯 (táofàn), 通緝犯 (tōngjīfàn), 通缉犯 (tōngjīfàn), 連續犯, 连续犯, 進犯 (jìnfàn), 进犯 (jìnfàn), 過犯 (guòfàn), 过犯 (guòfàn), 違犯 (wéifàn), 违犯 (wéifàn), 過贓犯法, 过赃犯法, 重犯, 間接正犯, 间接正犯, 陵犯, 首犯 (shǒufàn), 麻犯

Download JSON data for 犯 meaning in Chinese (27.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不作為犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不作为犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不是風犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不是风犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不犯尋思"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不犯寻思"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不犯王法"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "不犯著"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhǔfàn",
      "word": "主犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "互不侵犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "rénfàn",
      "word": "人犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zuòjiānfànkē",
      "word": "作奸犯科"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zuòjiānfànkē",
      "word": "作姦犯科"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "作為犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "作为犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "láifàn",
      "word": "來犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "láifàn",
      "word": "来犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "侵犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "偶犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "傾巢來犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "倾巢来犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiōngfàn",
      "word": "兇犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiōngfàn",
      "word": "凶犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "內犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "内犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gòngtóng zhèngfàn",
      "word": "共同正犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gòngfàn",
      "word": "共犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "共犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zàifàn",
      "word": "再犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "再犯率"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "màofàn",
      "word": "冒犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "冒險犯難"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "冒险犯难"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "凜然難犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "凛然难犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "刑事犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chūfàn",
      "word": "初犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiánkēfàn",
      "word": "前科犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "匪犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "原犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "各不相犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tóng'ànfàn",
      "word": "同案犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "單行犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "单行犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiúfàn",
      "word": "囚犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "女犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiánfàn",
      "word": "嫌犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiányífàn",
      "word": "嫌疑犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "子犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shàoniánfàn",
      "word": "少年犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shàonián fànzuì",
      "word": "少年犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "常業犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "常业犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "干名犯義"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "干名犯义"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gānfàn",
      "word": "干犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cóngfàn",
      "word": "從犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cóngfàn",
      "word": "从犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìngqīnfàn",
      "word": "性侵犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìngfànzuì",
      "word": "性犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "惱犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "恼犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guànfàn",
      "word": "慣犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guànfàn",
      "word": "惯犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "慣行犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "惯行犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhànfàn",
      "word": "戰犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhànfàn",
      "word": "战犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "戰犯法庭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "战犯法庭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "打牙犯嘴"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "投手犯規"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "投手犯规"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "技術犯規"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "技术犯规"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhèngzhìfàn",
      "word": "政治犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "gùfàn",
      "word": "故犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiàosuōfàn",
      "word": "教唆犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "既遂犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "míngzhīgùfàn",
      "word": "明知故犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "智能犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "暴力犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "有犯無隱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "有犯无隐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "未決犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "未决犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "未遂犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "欽犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "钦犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhèngfàn",
      "word": "正犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shārénfàn",
      "word": "殺人犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shārénfàn",
      "word": "杀人犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "毫毛不犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chōngfàn",
      "word": "沖犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chōngfàn",
      "word": "冲犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "流竄犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "流窜犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "瀆犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "渎犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiānliánfàn",
      "word": "牽連犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiānliánfàn",
      "word": "牵连犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànshàng",
      "word": "犯上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯上作亂"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯上作乱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯不上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯不是"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànbùzháo",
      "word": "犯不著"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànshì",
      "word": "犯事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànrén",
      "word": "犯人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯傻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯刺兒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯刺儿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯勁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯劲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯土"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯境"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯夜"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯奸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯對"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯对"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàndeshàng",
      "word": "犯得上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàndezháo",
      "word": "犯得著"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯忌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯忌諱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯忌讳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯惡"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯恶"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànyì",
      "word": "犯意"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànchóu",
      "word": "犯愁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànjiè",
      "word": "犯戒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯拙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàn'àn",
      "word": "犯案"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯款"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯歲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯岁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯毒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànfǎ",
      "word": "犯法"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯法違理"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯法违理"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànhún",
      "word": "犯渾"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànhún",
      "word": "犯浑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯潮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯牙兒"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯牙儿"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯牛勁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯牛劲"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯由"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯疑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànbìng",
      "word": "犯病"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯的上"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯相"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànjìn",
      "word": "犯禁"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯科"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯節氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯节气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuì",
      "word": "犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯罪團伙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯罪团伙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuìxué",
      "word": "犯罪學"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuìxué",
      "word": "犯罪学"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuìlǜ",
      "word": "犯罪率"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuì xiànchǎng",
      "word": "犯罪現場"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuì xiànchǎng",
      "word": "犯罪现场"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuìzhě",
      "word": "犯罪者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuì xíngwéi",
      "word": "犯罪行為"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuì xíngwéi",
      "word": "犯罪行为"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯罪集團"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯罪集团"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯而不校"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàn píqi",
      "word": "犯脾氣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàn píqi",
      "word": "犯脾气"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯舌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànguī",
      "word": "犯規"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànguī",
      "word": "犯规"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯言"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯調"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯调"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯諱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯讳"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànjiàn",
      "word": "犯賤"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànjiàn",
      "word": "犯贱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯蹕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯跸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯過"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯过"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàncuò",
      "word": "犯錯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fàncuò",
      "word": "犯错"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯闕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯阙"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯關排闥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯关排闼"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯難"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯难"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯順"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯顺"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànyán",
      "word": "犯顏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànyán",
      "word": "犯颜"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯顏苦諫"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯颜苦谏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯鱗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "犯鳞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiànxíngfàn",
      "word": "現行犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "xiànxíngfàn",
      "word": "现行犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiǎjí zhànfàn",
      "word": "甲級戰犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiǎjí zhànfàn",
      "word": "甲级战犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yífàn",
      "word": "疑犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "白領犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "白领犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "盜犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "盗犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiānfàn",
      "word": "監犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jiānfàn",
      "word": "监犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "真兇實犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "真凶实犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "真贓實犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "真赃实犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "眾怒難犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "众怒难犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhīfǎfànfǎ",
      "word": "知法犯法"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "秋毫不犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiūháowúfàn",
      "word": "秋毫無犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "qiūháowúfàn",
      "word": "秋毫无犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cuànfàn",
      "word": "竄犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "cuànfàn",
      "word": "窜犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "竊犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "窃犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "lěifàn",
      "word": "累犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "經濟犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "经济犯罪"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zònghuǒfàn",
      "word": "縱火犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zònghuǒfàn",
      "word": "纵火犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zuìfàn",
      "word": "罪犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "脅從犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "胁从犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "舅犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "liángxīnfàn",
      "word": "良心犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "虞犯少年"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "行政犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "衝犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "冲犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "yàofàn",
      "word": "要犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chùfàn",
      "word": "觸犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chùfàn",
      "word": "触犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "觸禁犯忌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "触禁犯忌"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "認犯頭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "认犯头"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "調犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "调犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "賭犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "赌犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "越獄犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "越狱犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "軍事犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "军事犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "逆天犯順"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "逆天犯顺"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "táofàn",
      "word": "逃犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tōngjīfàn",
      "word": "通緝犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tōngjīfàn",
      "word": "通缉犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "連續犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "连续犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnfàn",
      "word": "進犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jìnfàn",
      "word": "进犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòfàn",
      "word": "過犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòfàn",
      "word": "过犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéifàn",
      "word": "違犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéifàn",
      "word": "违犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "過贓犯法"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "过赃犯法"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "重犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "間接正犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "间接正犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "陵犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shǒufàn",
      "word": "首犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "麻犯"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "犯"
          },
          "expansion": "犯",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "犯",
            "2": "はん",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "犯(はん) (han)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "범(犯)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 범(犯) (beom)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "犯",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "犯",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "phạm",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "犯"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: phạm (犯)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "犯",
            "2": "はん",
            "3": "범",
            "4": "phạm",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "犯",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "犯",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "犯",
            "v": "犯",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (犯):\n* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)\n* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)\n* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "はん",
            "3": "범",
            "4": "phạm"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (犯):\n* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)\n* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)\n* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (犯):\n* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)\n* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)\n* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*氾"
      },
      "expansion": "氾",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*帆"
      },
      "expansion": "帆",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*風"
      },
      "expansion": "風",
      "name": "zh-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "\"To pass over\" > \"to offend against, oppose\". Compare 氾.\nThis character originally had bilabial nasal (*-m) final in Old and Middle Chinese, but had undergone dissimilation (from bilabial plosive *b-) to become *-n in most dialects. However, there are still some dialects that retain this feature, such as Meixian and Teochew dialect. Similar dissimilation happened in 帆 and 風.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "犯",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "We will not attack if we are not attacked.",
          "ref": "人不犯我,我不犯人 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
          "text": "rén bù fàn wǒ, wǒ bù fàn rén [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to infringe on; to attack; to encroach"
      ],
      "id": "en-犯-zh-character-e-ksJN7p",
      "links": [
        [
          "infringe",
          "infringe"
        ],
        [
          "attack",
          "attack"
        ],
        [
          "encroach",
          "encroach"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 31 25 3 30 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to commit crime",
          "roman": "fànzuì",
          "text": "犯罪",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to commit (crime); to violate"
      ],
      "id": "en-犯-zh-character-LeXbQZyf",
      "links": [
        [
          "commit",
          "commit"
        ],
        [
          "violate",
          "violate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 31 25 3 30 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 23 65 0 4 6",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Crime",
          "orig": "zh:Crime",
          "parents": [
            "Criminal law",
            "Society",
            "Law",
            "All topics",
            "Justice",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "criminal",
          "roman": "zuìfàn",
          "text": "罪犯",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The criminal ran loose!",
          "ref": "俾個犯走甩咗呀! [Cantonese, trad.]",
          "text": "俾个犯走甩咗呀! [Cantonese, simp.]\nbei² go³ faan⁶⁻² zau² lat¹ zo² aa³! [Jyutping]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "criminal; offender; culprit"
      ],
      "id": "en-犯-zh-character-DoGo07RN",
      "links": [
        [
          "criminal",
          "criminal"
        ],
        [
          "offender",
          "offender"
        ],
        [
          "culprit",
          "culprit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 23 6 52 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 11 6 65 8 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to get angry; to lose one's temper",
          "roman": "fànpíqì",
          "text": "犯脾氣/犯脾气",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to happen; to break out (usually something wrong or bad)"
      ],
      "id": "en-犯-zh-character-1B-nIs3V",
      "links": [
        [
          "happen",
          "happen"
        ],
        [
          "break out",
          "break out"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 31 25 3 30 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to brave; to face; to withstand"
      ],
      "id": "en-犯-zh-character-VC8Agdr-",
      "links": [
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ],
        [
          "face",
          "face"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be worth; to merit; to deserve; to be worthy of"
      ],
      "id": "en-犯-zh-character-9m8dXf9N",
      "links": [
        [
          "worth",
          "worth"
        ],
        [
          "merit",
          "merit"
        ],
        [
          "deserve",
          "deserve"
        ],
        [
          "worthy",
          "worthy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "Sichuanese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "фан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "III"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "huāng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "huâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoǎn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huang⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huam⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶ve"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "фань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faahn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fáan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²⁻³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huāng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xuaŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huâng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huɑŋ²⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huǎn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huăng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huăm"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huam³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶ve"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ve^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³ve"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ve²³/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bjomX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*bomʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fän⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²⁻³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xuaŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huɑŋ²⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huaŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huam³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ve²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*bomʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "guāi",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "乖"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "pòhuài",
      "word": "破壞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "pòhuài",
      "word": "破坏"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bèilí",
      "word": "背離"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "bèilí",
      "word": "背离"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéifǎn",
      "word": "違反"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéifǎn",
      "word": "违反"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéibèi",
      "word": "違背"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéibèi",
      "word": "违背"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chāishi",
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "差事"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "chāishi",
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "差使"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànrén",
      "word": "犯人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuì fènzǐ",
      "word": "犯罪分子"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "fànzuìzhě",
      "word": "犯罪者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zuìfàn",
      "word": "罪犯"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéifǎzhě",
      "word": "違法者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "wéifǎzhě",
      "word": "违法者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "值得"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhídàng",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Mandarin",
        "colloquial",
        "including"
      ],
      "word": "值當"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhídàng",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Mandarin",
        "colloquial",
        "including"
      ],
      "word": "值当"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "耐"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "足"
    }
  ],
  "word": "犯"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese Han characters",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min nouns",
    "Eastern Min proper nouns",
    "Eastern Min verbs",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Northern Min lemmas",
    "Northern Min nouns",
    "Northern Min proper nouns",
    "Northern Min verbs",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "zh:Crime"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "不作為犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "不作为犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "不是風犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "不是风犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "不犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "不犯尋思"
    },
    {
      "word": "不犯寻思"
    },
    {
      "word": "不犯王法"
    },
    {
      "word": "不犯著"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhǔfàn",
      "word": "主犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "互不侵犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rénfàn",
      "word": "人犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zuòjiānfànkē",
      "word": "作奸犯科"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zuòjiānfànkē",
      "word": "作姦犯科"
    },
    {
      "word": "作為犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "作为犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "láifàn",
      "word": "來犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "láifàn",
      "word": "来犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "侵犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "偶犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "傾巢來犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "倾巢来犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiōngfàn",
      "word": "兇犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiōngfàn",
      "word": "凶犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "內犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "内犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngtóng zhèngfàn",
      "word": "共同正犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gòngfàn",
      "word": "共犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "共犯罪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zàifàn",
      "word": "再犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "再犯率"
    },
    {
      "roman": "màofàn",
      "word": "冒犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "冒險犯難"
    },
    {
      "word": "冒险犯难"
    },
    {
      "word": "凜然難犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "凛然难犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "刑事犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chūfàn",
      "word": "初犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánkēfàn",
      "word": "前科犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "匪犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "原犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "各不相犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tóng'ànfàn",
      "word": "同案犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "單行犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "单行犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiúfàn",
      "word": "囚犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "女犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiánfàn",
      "word": "嫌犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiányífàn",
      "word": "嫌疑犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "子犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shàoniánfàn",
      "word": "少年犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shàonián fànzuì",
      "word": "少年犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "常業犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "常业犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "干名犯義"
    },
    {
      "word": "干名犯义"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gānfàn",
      "word": "干犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cóngfàn",
      "word": "從犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cóngfàn",
      "word": "从犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìngqīnfàn",
      "word": "性侵犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìngfànzuì",
      "word": "性犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "惱犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "恼犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guànfàn",
      "word": "慣犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guànfàn",
      "word": "惯犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "慣行犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "惯行犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhànfàn",
      "word": "戰犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhànfàn",
      "word": "战犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "戰犯法庭"
    },
    {
      "word": "战犯法庭"
    },
    {
      "word": "打牙犯嘴"
    },
    {
      "word": "投手犯規"
    },
    {
      "word": "投手犯规"
    },
    {
      "word": "技術犯規"
    },
    {
      "word": "技术犯规"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhèngzhìfàn",
      "word": "政治犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gùfàn",
      "word": "故犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiàosuōfàn",
      "word": "教唆犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "既遂犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "míngzhīgùfàn",
      "word": "明知故犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "智能犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "暴力犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "有犯無隱"
    },
    {
      "word": "有犯无隐"
    },
    {
      "word": "未決犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "未决犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "未遂犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "欽犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qīnfàn",
      "word": "钦犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhèngfàn",
      "word": "正犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shārénfàn",
      "word": "殺人犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shārénfàn",
      "word": "杀人犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "毫毛不犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngfàn",
      "word": "沖犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chōngfàn",
      "word": "冲犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "流竄犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "流窜犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "瀆犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "渎犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānliánfàn",
      "word": "牽連犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiānliánfàn",
      "word": "牵连犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànshàng",
      "word": "犯上"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯上作亂"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯上作乱"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯不上"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯不是"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànbùzháo",
      "word": "犯不著"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànshì",
      "word": "犯事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànrén",
      "word": "犯人"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯傻"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯刺兒"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯刺儿"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯勁"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯劲"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯土"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯境"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯夜"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯奸"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯對"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯对"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàndeshàng",
      "word": "犯得上"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàndezháo",
      "word": "犯得著"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯忌"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯忌諱"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯忌讳"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯惡"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯恶"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànyì",
      "word": "犯意"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànchóu",
      "word": "犯愁"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànjiè",
      "word": "犯戒"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯拙"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàn'àn",
      "word": "犯案"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯款"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯歲"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯岁"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯毒"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànfǎ",
      "word": "犯法"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯法違理"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯法违理"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànhún",
      "word": "犯渾"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànhún",
      "word": "犯浑"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯潮"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯牙兒"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯牙儿"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯牛勁"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯牛劲"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯由"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯疑"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànbìng",
      "word": "犯病"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯的上"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯相"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànjìn",
      "word": "犯禁"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯科"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯節氣"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯节气"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuì",
      "word": "犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯罪團伙"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯罪团伙"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuìxué",
      "word": "犯罪學"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuìxué",
      "word": "犯罪学"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuìlǜ",
      "word": "犯罪率"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuì xiànchǎng",
      "word": "犯罪現場"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuì xiànchǎng",
      "word": "犯罪现场"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuìzhě",
      "word": "犯罪者"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuì xíngwéi",
      "word": "犯罪行為"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuì xíngwéi",
      "word": "犯罪行为"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯罪集團"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯罪集团"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯而不校"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàn píqi",
      "word": "犯脾氣"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàn píqi",
      "word": "犯脾气"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯舌"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànguī",
      "word": "犯規"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànguī",
      "word": "犯规"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯言"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯調"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯调"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯諱"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯讳"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànjiàn",
      "word": "犯賤"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànjiàn",
      "word": "犯贱"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯蹕"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯跸"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯過"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯过"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàncuò",
      "word": "犯錯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fàncuò",
      "word": "犯错"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯闕"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯阙"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯關排闥"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯关排闼"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯難"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯难"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯順"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯顺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànyán",
      "word": "犯顏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànyán",
      "word": "犯颜"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯顏苦諫"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯颜苦谏"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯鱗"
    },
    {
      "word": "犯鳞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiànxíngfàn",
      "word": "現行犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xiànxíngfàn",
      "word": "现行犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǎjí zhànfàn",
      "word": "甲級戰犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiǎjí zhànfàn",
      "word": "甲级战犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yífàn",
      "word": "疑犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "白領犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "白领犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "盜犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "盗犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānfàn",
      "word": "監犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jiānfàn",
      "word": "监犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "真兇實犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "真凶实犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "真贓實犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "真赃实犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "眾怒難犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "众怒难犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhīfǎfànfǎ",
      "word": "知法犯法"
    },
    {
      "word": "秋毫不犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiūháowúfàn",
      "word": "秋毫無犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiūháowúfàn",
      "word": "秋毫无犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cuànfàn",
      "word": "竄犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cuànfàn",
      "word": "窜犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "竊犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "窃犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lěifàn",
      "word": "累犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "經濟犯罪"
    },
    {
      "word": "经济犯罪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zònghuǒfàn",
      "word": "縱火犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zònghuǒfàn",
      "word": "纵火犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zuìfàn",
      "word": "罪犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "脅從犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "胁从犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "舅犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "liángxīnfàn",
      "word": "良心犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "虞犯少年"
    },
    {
      "word": "行政犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "衝犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "冲犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "yàofàn",
      "word": "要犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chùfàn",
      "word": "觸犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chùfàn",
      "word": "触犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "觸禁犯忌"
    },
    {
      "word": "触禁犯忌"
    },
    {
      "word": "認犯頭"
    },
    {
      "word": "认犯头"
    },
    {
      "word": "調犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "调犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "賭犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "赌犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "越獄犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "越狱犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "軍事犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "军事犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "逆天犯順"
    },
    {
      "word": "逆天犯顺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "táofàn",
      "word": "逃犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tōngjīfàn",
      "word": "通緝犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tōngjīfàn",
      "word": "通缉犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "連續犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "连续犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnfàn",
      "word": "進犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìnfàn",
      "word": "进犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòfàn",
      "word": "過犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòfàn",
      "word": "过犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéifàn",
      "word": "違犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéifàn",
      "word": "违犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "過贓犯法"
    },
    {
      "word": "过赃犯法"
    },
    {
      "word": "重犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "間接正犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "间接正犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "陵犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒufàn",
      "word": "首犯"
    },
    {
      "word": "麻犯"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "犯"
          },
          "expansion": "犯",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "犯",
            "2": "はん",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "犯(はん) (han)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "범(犯)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 범(犯) (beom)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "犯",
            "sc": "Hani"
          },
          "expansion": "犯",
          "name": "l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "phạm",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "tr": "犯"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: phạm (犯)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "犯",
            "2": "はん",
            "3": "범",
            "4": "phạm",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "犯",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "犯",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "犯",
            "v": "犯",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (犯):\n* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)\n* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)\n* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "はん",
            "3": "범",
            "4": "phạm"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (犯):\n* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)\n* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)\n* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (犯):\n* → Japanese: 犯(はん) (han)\n* → Korean: 범(犯) (beom)\n* → Vietnamese: phạm (犯)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*氾"
      },
      "expansion": "氾",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*帆"
      },
      "expansion": "帆",
      "name": "zh-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*風"
      },
      "expansion": "風",
      "name": "zh-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "\"To pass over\" > \"to offend against, oppose\". Compare 氾.\nThis character originally had bilabial nasal (*-m) final in Old and Middle Chinese, but had undergone dissimilation (from bilabial plosive *b-) to become *-n in most dialects. However, there are still some dialects that retain this feature, such as Meixian and Teochew dialect. Similar dissimilation happened in 帆 and 風.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "hanzi"
      },
      "expansion": "犯",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "We will not attack if we are not attacked.",
          "ref": "人不犯我,我不犯人 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
          "text": "rén bù fàn wǒ, wǒ bù fàn rén [Pinyin]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to infringe on; to attack; to encroach"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "infringe",
          "infringe"
        ],
        [
          "attack",
          "attack"
        ],
        [
          "encroach",
          "encroach"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to commit crime",
          "roman": "fànzuì",
          "text": "犯罪",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to commit (crime); to violate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "commit",
          "commit"
        ],
        [
          "violate",
          "violate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese terms with usage examples",
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "criminal",
          "roman": "zuìfàn",
          "text": "罪犯",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The criminal ran loose!",
          "ref": "俾個犯走甩咗呀! [Cantonese, trad.]",
          "text": "俾个犯走甩咗呀! [Cantonese, simp.]\nbei² go³ faan⁶⁻² zau² lat¹ zo² aa³! [Jyutping]",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "criminal; offender; culprit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "criminal",
          "criminal"
        ],
        [
          "offender",
          "offender"
        ],
        [
          "culprit",
          "culprit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to get angry; to lose one's temper",
          "roman": "fànpíqì",
          "text": "犯脾氣/犯脾气",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to happen; to break out (usually something wrong or bad)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "happen",
          "happen"
        ],
        [
          "break out",
          "break out"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to brave; to face; to withstand"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ],
        [
          "face",
          "face"
        ],
        [
          "withstand",
          "withstand"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to be worth; to merit; to deserve; to be worthy of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "worth",
          "worth"
        ],
        [
          "merit",
          "merit"
        ],
        [
          "deserve",
          "deserve"
        ],
        [
          "worthy",
          "worthy"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin",
        "Sichuanese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "фан"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "III"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "huāng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "huâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoǎn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huang⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huam⁶"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "⁶ve"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄈㄢˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fàn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fann"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "фань"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fanʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fän⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Chengdu",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Dungan",
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faahn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fáan"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "faan⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁶"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁶⁻²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²⁻³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fam⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Taiyuan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Taiyuan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huāng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xuaŋ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Jian'ou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huâng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huɑŋ²⁴²/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huǎn"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "hoan"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huăng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "huăm"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huaŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huam³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "⁶ve"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ve^去"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "³ve"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/ve²³/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Wiktionary-specific",
        "Xiang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "fan⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan⁴⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Changsha",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Xiang"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "bjomX"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*bomʔ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fän⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/faːn²²⁻³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fan¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fam⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/fæ̃⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xuaŋ⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huɑŋ²⁴²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huan²²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huaŋ³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/huam³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ve²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸan⁴⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*bomʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "guāi",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "乖"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pòhuài",
      "word": "破壞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pòhuài",
      "word": "破坏"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bèilí",
      "word": "背離"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bèilí",
      "word": "背离"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéifǎn",
      "word": "違反"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéifǎn",
      "word": "违反"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéibèi",
      "word": "違背"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéibèi",
      "word": "违背"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chāishi",
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "差事"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chāishi",
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "差使"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànrén",
      "word": "犯人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuì fènzǐ",
      "word": "犯罪分子"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fànzuìzhě",
      "word": "犯罪者"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zuìfàn",
      "word": "罪犯"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéifǎzhě",
      "word": "違法者"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wéifǎzhě",
      "word": "违法者"
    },
    {
      "word": "值得"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhídàng",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Mandarin",
        "colloquial",
        "including"
      ],
      "word": "值當"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhídàng",
      "tags": [
        "Jin",
        "Mandarin",
        "colloquial",
        "including"
      ],
      "word": "值当"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "耐"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "足"
    }
  ],
  "word": "犯"
}
{
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  "msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
  "path": [
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  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": "started on line 106, detected on line 106"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": "started on line 93, detected on line 106"
}

{
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  "section": "Chinese",
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  "title": "犯",
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{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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  "path": [
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
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  "path": [
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
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{
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  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": ""
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{
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  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
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}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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  "path": [
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
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}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
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  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Northern Min (KCR)'",
  "path": [
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  ],
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  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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  "path": [
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
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}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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  "path": [
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  "title": "犯",
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{
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{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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  "title": "犯",
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}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
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  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "犯",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
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  "title": "犯",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.