See to- on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tocrack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "togrind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torend"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toburst"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tocleave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tocut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "todrive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tofrush"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "togo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toquash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torace"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toshear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toshiver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toslive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tosliver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tosunder"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "totear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "totread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tobeat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "topinch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toquake"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toruffle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "todash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "todraw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tolash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toshake"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tostart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toswap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toswink"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "towind"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tobruise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toreave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "torob"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toshend"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tohew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toput"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tolug"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "to-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English to-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tō-"
},
"expansion": "Old English tō-",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tuʀ-"
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tuʀ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*twiz-",
"t": "apart, in two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twiz- (“apart, in two”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwis-",
"t": "two-ways, in twain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwis- (“two-ways, in twain”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English to-, from Old English tō-, te- (“apart, away”), from Proto-West Germanic *tuʀ-, *twiʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *twiz- (“apart, in two”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwis- (“two-ways, in twain”).",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "all to"
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tocrack is to crack, togrind is to grind or break to pieces, torend is to rend to pieces",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"Parting: forming verbs that involve cleaving, breaking, or sundering."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:parting",
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
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[
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"separation"
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[
"negation",
"negation"
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[
"intensity",
"intensity"
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[
"Parting",
"parting"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) Parting: forming verbs that involve cleaving, breaking, or sundering."
],
"senseid": [
"en:parting"
],
"tags": [
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"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tobeat is to beat excessively, topinch is to pinch severely, toquake is to quake or tremble exceedingly, toruffle is to ruffle excessively",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"To do excessively."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:excessively",
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
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[
"away",
"away"
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[
"asunder",
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[
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[
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[
"intensity",
"intensity"
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[
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"excessively"
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"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) To do excessively."
],
"senseid": [
"en:excessively"
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"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tobruise is to completely beat or batter, toreave is to remove completely, torob is to steal completely, toshend is to ruin completely",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"Completely."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:completely",
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
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[
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[
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[
"intensity",
"intensity"
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[
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"completely"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) Completely."
],
"senseid": [
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"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
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},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tolug is to pull about, towind is to whirl around",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"Moving."
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"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:moving",
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
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[
"away",
"away"
],
[
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"asunder"
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[
"separation",
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[
"negation",
"negation"
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[
"intensity",
"intensity"
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[
"Moving",
"moving"
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"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) Moving."
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"senseid": [
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"tags": [
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"morpheme"
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}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-be"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-bread"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-come"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-do"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tofore"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "toyear"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "today"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tonight"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tosol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "together"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tomorrow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tomorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-whiles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tomorning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-heap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-name"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "to-draw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tofall"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From to.",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as a current day or date, tonight as the nighttime of the current day, tosol as the current sol (Martian day)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"Current, the current form of the suffixed time. Forming nouns."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:current",
"links": [
[
"Current",
"current"
]
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 7 27 5 4 27 19 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as on the current day or date, tomorrow as on the day after the present day, tomorn as on the morning",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"On (this) time, which is a fixed point in time. Forming adverbs."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:then",
"links": [
[
"On (this)",
"on"
]
],
"senseid": [
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},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as the day which is currently happening, tonight as during the evening of today, toyear as during the year",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"During the suffixed time. Forming adverbs."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:during",
"links": [
[
"During",
"during"
]
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as current and up to date, together as coherent and well-organized",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"Of, as characteristic of the suffixed time period. Forming adverbs and adjectives."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:of",
"links": [
[
"Of",
"of"
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"senseid": [
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"_dis": "5 5 5 5 6 25 4 4 23 18 1",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tomorrow as at some point in the future, tofall as the end or decline, together as at the same time, in the same place",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"At, at the suffixed time. Forming an unfixed point in time, rather than a duration."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:at",
"links": [
[
"At",
"at"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:at"
],
"tags": [
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},
{
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{
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{
"_dis": "5 5 5 5 6 25 4 4 23 18 1",
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{
"_dis": "0 1 1 1 1 4 14 3 2 14 11 0 2 0 0 3 3 0 1 10 6 8 6 9 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to-bread is an extra loaf added by bakers to every dozen, to-name is a name added to another name",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adding, additional in quantity."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:adding",
"links": [
[
"Adding",
"adding"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:adding"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to-draw is a resort to which one is drawn, tofall is a shed or building with a roof formed in a single slope with the top resting against the wall, together is to gather into one place or thing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Toward in direction or location."
],
"id": "en-to--en-prefix-en:toward",
"links": [
[
"Toward",
"toward"
]
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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],
"word": "to-"
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{
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"pos": "prefix",
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],
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{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toansweren"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "towarened"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "towenden"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "towirchynge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "towiten"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toyede"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toyelden"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"word": "tomorwe"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "towhiles"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toyen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toyenes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toyere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toþeþur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toȝeves"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tocome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "todraght"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tofall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toflight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tohope"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toname"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tosupporte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "totagge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toturn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "towardnesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "toresen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tostonden"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "to-"
},
"expansion": "English: to-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: to-"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tō"
},
"expansion": "Old English tō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From to (“in the direction of”), from Old English tō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 6 30 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Affixed to verbs and verb inflections to impart a sense of motion, directionality and/or extension."
],
"id": "en-to--enm-prefix-enm:towards",
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
],
[
"directionality",
"directionality"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:towards"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 6 30 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Affixed to adjectives, adverbs and prepositions to impart a sense of approach, extension and/or proximity."
],
"id": "en-to--enm-prefix--sAtR7E~",
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb"
],
[
"preposition",
"preposition"
],
[
"approach",
"approach"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
],
[
"proximity",
"proximity"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Affixed to nouns to impart a sense of motion, directionality and/or extension."
],
"id": "en-to--enm-prefix-rm6rxTqB",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
],
[
"directionality",
"directionality"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Affixed to nouns to impart a sense of motion, directionality and/or extension."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tou-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ta-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tuo-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "two-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tow-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "te-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tu-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "toresen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tostonden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tobellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tobenden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tobreken"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tobresten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tobysten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tocheuen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tocleven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toclouten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tocracchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todashen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todelven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todereinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todiminuen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todrauen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todreven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todriven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todynen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tofallen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tofaren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toferen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toflen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tofleten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toflouen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tofrushen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tognauen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "togniden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tognodden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tograbben"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "togreven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "togrinden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toharwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toheden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tohenen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toheuen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tohurten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tohwiðeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toknouen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tolaughen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toliðen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tomurten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "topreven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "torenden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toschiften"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toshenden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosheren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosheten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toshiveren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toshrapen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toslateren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toslyften"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosparplen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tospateren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosprengen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosterten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toswelten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosweten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toteren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "totrayen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "totreden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "totyren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towalten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towarplen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towaxen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towherven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towurðen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toyeten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toysheden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toborstennysse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "todræfednysse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tolysnysse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tolætenysse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tosetnesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toworpennysse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toðundennysse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "toȝotenysse"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "to-"
},
"expansion": "English: to-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: to-"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tō-"
},
"expansion": "Old English tō-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tō-, te- (“apart, asunder”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 6 30 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to verbs and nouns to impart a sense of separation and/or departure."
],
"id": "en-to--enm-prefix-enm:apart",
"links": [
[
"separation",
"separation"
],
[
"departure",
"departure"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:apart"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 11 6 30 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to verbs and nouns to intensify or emphasise the meaning."
],
"id": "en-to--enm-prefix-296Bz19A",
"links": [
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
],
[
"emphasise",
"emphasise"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "te-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tu-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*twiz-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twiz-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "ti-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian ti-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "te-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon te-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zi-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German zi-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "zer-"
},
"expansion": "German zer-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌹𐍃-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐍃- (dis-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dis-"
},
"expansion": "Latin dis-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *twiz-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognate with Old Frisian ti-, te-, Old Saxon te-, Old High German zi-, zir-, zar-, zur- (German zer-), Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐍃- (dis-), and with Latin dis-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tō-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "tō-",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tō-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "tō-"
},
"expansion": "tō-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fall apart",
"text": "tefeallan, tōfeallan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to separate",
"text": "titwǣman, tōtwǣman",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to toss about",
"text": "tetorfian, tōtorfian",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal prefix with a sense of \"in pieces, apart, asunder\", or with intensive force"
],
"id": "en-to--ang-prefix-7J8mIaos",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "reputation",
"text": "tōtalu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "conversation",
"text": "tōsprǣċ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form substantives from other nouns"
],
"id": "en-to--ang-prefix-k8vT5vVV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtoː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "te-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ti-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*to-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *to-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *to-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "do-",
"tags": [
"pretonic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "pretonic",
"4": "do-"
},
"expansion": "to- (pretonic do-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "do-"
},
"expansion": "to- (pretonic do-)",
"name": "sga-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 1 1 1 4 11 2 2 11 9 1 2 0 1 3 3 1 1 13 7 10 7 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 1 1 1 4 14 3 2 14 11 0 2 0 0 3 3 0 1 10 6 8 6 9 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"prefix used to create verbs and associated verbal nouns"
],
"id": "en-to--sga-prefix-rPXFsBvF",
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "pretonic form",
"word": "do-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *tō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tōdōn (“to add; to close”)"
},
{
"text": "tōheftian (“to fix”)"
},
{
"text": "tōhlinon (“to lean against”)"
},
{
"text": "tōhnēgian (“to neigh towards”)"
},
{
"text": "tōrūnon (“to whisper”)"
},
{
"text": "tōsprekan (“to speak with, discuss, talk to”)"
},
{
"text": "tōstōtan (“to push, thrust”)"
},
{
"text": "tōward (“future”)"
},
{
"text": "tōwardes (“near”)"
},
{
"text": "tōwardig (“near”)"
},
{
"text": "tōwendian (“to turn towards”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates words with a sense of ‘towards, to, against’"
],
"id": "en-to--osx-prefix-o8HZKcDx",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kps",
"2": "t-",
"t": "first-person singular prefix"
},
"expansion": "Tehit t- (“first-person singular prefix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Tehit t- (“first-person singular prefix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "تو-",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"10": "تو-",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "",
"4": "-",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"7": "",
"8": "-",
"9": "Jawi",
"f4sc": "Arab",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "to- (Jawi تو-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"j": "تو-"
},
"expansion": "to- (Jawi تو-)",
"name": "tft-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tehit terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate clitics",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ternate pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 1 1 1 4 11 2 2 11 9 1 2 0 1 3 3 1 1 13 7 10 7 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I still remember your words to me.",
"text": "ngori tosonyinga moju ngana na demo se ngori.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular clitic, I"
],
"id": "en-to--tft-pron-5~ptrnkO",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "ngori"
},
{
"word": "fangarem"
},
{
"word": "fajaruf"
},
{
"word": "to"
},
{
"word": "ri"
},
{
"word": "ngana"
},
{
"word": "ngoni"
},
{
"word": "jou ngoni"
},
{
"word": "no"
},
{
"word": "ni"
},
{
"word": "unam"
},
{
"word": "minaf"
},
{
"word": "om"
},
{
"word": "mof"
},
{
"word": "inh"
},
{
"word": "im"
},
{
"word": "mif"
},
{
"word": "manh"
},
{
"word": "ngone"
},
{
"word": "fo"
},
{
"word": "na"
},
{
"word": "nga"
},
{
"word": "ngomi"
},
{
"word": "fangare ngomim"
},
{
"word": "fajaru ngomif"
},
{
"word": "fara ngomi1"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "mia"
},
{
"word": "nia"
},
{
"word": "anah"
},
{
"word": "enanh"
},
{
"word": "ih"
},
{
"word": "nh"
},
{
"word": "yoh"
},
{
"word": "†"
},
{
"word": "yanh"
},
{
"word": "nah"
},
{
"word": "ngah"
},
{
"word": "unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "m"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "f"
},
{
"english": "human",
"word": "h"
},
{
"tags": [
"non-human"
],
"word": "nh"
},
{
"english": "for mixed-gender groups",
"word": "1"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "†"
}
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wiy",
"2": "preverb",
"cat2": "articles"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wiyot",
"lang_code": "wiy",
"pos": "preverb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiyot articles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiyot entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiyot preverbs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The definite article: the"
],
"id": "en-to--wiy-preverb-t96J0c7g",
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɑ-/"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlo",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*taʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀ-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀ-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlo",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wolio",
"lang_code": "wlo",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "95 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wolio entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tobawa (“to be brought”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks the impersonal passive of transitive verbs"
],
"id": "en-to--wlo-prefix-P5XotUga",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tole'e (“to urinate”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms verbs expressing involuntary action"
],
"id": "en-to--wlo-prefix-Y81v5A~V",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/to-/"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "to-"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: to-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: to-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "do-",
"3": "de-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: do-, de-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: do-, de-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "de-"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: de-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: de-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "di-"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: di-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: di-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "to-",
"3": "do-",
"4": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: to-, do-, do-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: to-, do-, do-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: do-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: do-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*tó",
"t": "to, towards"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tó (“to, towards”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋫",
"pos": "connective particle",
"t": "then",
"tr": "ta-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒋫 (ta-, “then”, connective particle)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Dunkel gives two suggestions, either Proto-Indo-European *tó (“to, towards”), but there are no clear cognates, or PIE *tó (“then”), compare Hittite 𒋫 (ta-, “then”, connective particle). Matasović's derivation from PIE *tó- (pronoun) is plausible neither semantically nor morphologically, because the stem *tó- was otherwise completely replaced by *só- in Celtic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/to-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards"
],
"id": "en-to--cel-pro-prefix-8Z5Bjywf",
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme",
"Peter Schrijver"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"etymology_text": ".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/to-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "full, saturated (not hungry); see there for further descendants",
"word": "to-k"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "to-sïk"
},
{
"english": "feast, wedding; see there for further descendants",
"word": ">? Proto-Turkic: *toy"
},
{
"english": "full; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *tō-l- (“to be full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tōl-u"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *tō-l- (“to be full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tōlum"
},
{
"english": "saturated; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *to-d- (“to become satiated, full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tod-gun"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *to-d- (“to become satiated, full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tod-tur-"
},
{
"english": "to make someone full, feed; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *to-d- (“to become satiated, full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tod-gur-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to full"
],
"id": "en-to--trk-pro-verb-cMD5U99z",
"links": [
[
"full",
"full"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to full"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nci",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
"lang_code": "nci",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Classical Nahuatl entries with incorrect language header",
"Classical Nahuatl lemmas",
"Classical Nahuatl prefixes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/to/"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tocrack"
},
{
"word": "togrind"
},
{
"word": "torend"
},
{
"word": "tobreak"
},
{
"word": "toburst"
},
{
"word": "tocleave"
},
{
"word": "tocut"
},
{
"word": "todrive"
},
{
"word": "tofrush"
},
{
"word": "togo"
},
{
"word": "toquash"
},
{
"word": "torace"
},
{
"word": "torat"
},
{
"word": "torit"
},
{
"word": "torive"
},
{
"word": "toshear"
},
{
"word": "toshiver"
},
{
"word": "toslive"
},
{
"word": "tosliver"
},
{
"word": "tosunder"
},
{
"word": "totear"
},
{
"word": "totread"
},
{
"word": "tobeat"
},
{
"word": "topinch"
},
{
"word": "toquake"
},
{
"word": "toruffle"
},
{
"word": "todash"
},
{
"word": "todraw"
},
{
"word": "tolash"
},
{
"word": "toshake"
},
{
"word": "tostart"
},
{
"word": "toswap"
},
{
"word": "toswink"
},
{
"word": "towind"
},
{
"word": "tobruise"
},
{
"word": "toreave"
},
{
"word": "torob"
},
{
"word": "toshend"
},
{
"word": "tohew"
},
{
"word": "toput"
},
{
"word": "tolug"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "to-"
},
"expansion": "Middle English to-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tō-"
},
"expansion": "Old English tō-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*tuʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *tuʀ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*twiz-",
"t": "apart, in two"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twiz- (“apart, in two”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwis-",
"t": "two-ways, in twain"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwis- (“two-ways, in twain”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English to-, from Old English tō-, te- (“apart, away”), from Proto-West Germanic *tuʀ-, *twiʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *twiz- (“apart, in two”), from Proto-Indo-European *dwis- (“two-ways, in twain”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "to-",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "all to"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tocrack is to crack, togrind is to grind or break to pieces, torend is to rend to pieces",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"Parting: forming verbs that involve cleaving, breaking, or sundering."
],
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
],
[
"separation",
"separation"
],
[
"negation",
"negation"
],
[
"intensity",
"intensity"
],
[
"Parting",
"parting"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) Parting: forming verbs that involve cleaving, breaking, or sundering."
],
"senseid": [
"en:parting"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tobeat is to beat excessively, topinch is to pinch severely, toquake is to quake or tremble exceedingly, toruffle is to ruffle excessively",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"To do excessively."
],
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
],
[
"separation",
"separation"
],
[
"negation",
"negation"
],
[
"intensity",
"intensity"
],
[
"excessively",
"excessively"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) To do excessively."
],
"senseid": [
"en:excessively"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tobruise is to completely beat or batter, toreave is to remove completely, torob is to steal completely, toshend is to ruin completely",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"Completely."
],
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
],
[
"separation",
"separation"
],
[
"negation",
"negation"
],
[
"intensity",
"intensity"
],
[
"Completely",
"completely"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) Completely."
],
"senseid": [
"en:completely"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tolug is to pull about, towind is to whirl around",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"Moving."
],
"links": [
[
"apart",
"apart"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"asunder",
"asunder"
],
[
"separation",
"separation"
],
[
"negation",
"negation"
],
[
"intensity",
"intensity"
],
[
"Moving",
"moving"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(no longer productive) apart, away, asunder, in pieces; expressing separation, negation, or intensity.",
"(no longer productive) Moving."
],
"senseid": [
"en:moving"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English prefixes",
"English unproductive prefixes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "to-be"
},
{
"word": "to-bread"
},
{
"word": "to-come"
},
{
"word": "to-do"
},
{
"word": "tofore"
},
{
"word": "toyear"
},
{
"word": "today"
},
{
"word": "tonight"
},
{
"word": "tosol"
},
{
"word": "together"
},
{
"word": "tomorrow"
},
{
"word": "tomorn"
},
{
"word": "to-whiles"
},
{
"word": "tomorning"
},
{
"word": "to-heap"
},
{
"word": "to-name"
},
{
"word": "to-draw"
},
{
"word": "tofall"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From to.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "to-",
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
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"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as a current day or date, tonight as the nighttime of the current day, tosol as the current sol (Martian day)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"Current, the current form of the suffixed time. Forming nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"Current",
"current"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:current"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as on the current day or date, tomorrow as on the day after the present day, tomorn as on the morning",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"On (this) time, which is a fixed point in time. Forming adverbs."
],
"links": [
[
"On (this)",
"on"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:then"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as the day which is currently happening, tonight as during the evening of today, toyear as during the year",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"During the suffixed time. Forming adverbs."
],
"links": [
[
"During",
"during"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:during"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "today as current and up to date, together as coherent and well-organized",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"Of, as characteristic of the suffixed time period. Forming adverbs and adjectives."
],
"links": [
[
"Of",
"of"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:of"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tomorrow as at some point in the future, tofall as the end or decline, together as at the same time, in the same place",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used in various ways to indicate temporality:",
"At, at the suffixed time. Forming an unfixed point in time, rather than a duration."
],
"links": [
[
"At",
"at"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:at"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to-bread is an extra loaf added by bakers to every dozen, to-name is a name added to another name",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Adding, additional in quantity."
],
"links": [
[
"Adding",
"adding"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:adding"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to-draw is a resort to which one is drawn, tofall is a shed or building with a roof formed in a single slope with the top resting against the wall, together is to gather into one place or thing",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Toward in direction or location."
],
"links": [
[
"Toward",
"toward"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:toward"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prefixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "toansweren"
},
{
"word": "toassignen"
},
{
"word": "tobilimpen"
},
{
"word": "tobore"
},
{
"word": "tobouen"
},
{
"word": "tocasten"
},
{
"word": "toclepen"
},
{
"word": "tocomen"
},
{
"word": "tocomynge"
},
{
"word": "todiȝten"
},
{
"word": "tofon"
},
{
"word": "togrowynge"
},
{
"word": "toiteied"
},
{
"word": "toknelen"
},
{
"word": "tolepen"
},
{
"word": "toleyen"
},
{
"word": "toneȝen"
},
{
"word": "toproken"
},
{
"word": "toresen"
},
{
"word": "tosen"
},
{
"word": "tosenden"
},
{
"word": "tosetten"
},
{
"word": "tosettynge"
},
{
"word": "tospeken"
},
{
"word": "tospyren"
},
{
"word": "tosteppen"
},
{
"word": "tostonden"
},
{
"word": "tostyen"
},
{
"word": "tosweren"
},
{
"word": "tosælen"
},
{
"word": "totemen"
},
{
"word": "toten"
},
{
"word": "tothynken"
},
{
"word": "totiȝten"
},
{
"word": "toturnen"
},
{
"word": "towarened"
},
{
"word": "towenden"
},
{
"word": "towirchynge"
},
{
"word": "towiten"
},
{
"word": "toyede"
},
{
"word": "toyelden"
},
{
"word": "toysette"
},
{
"word": "toȝewriþen"
},
{
"word": "toayens"
},
{
"word": "today"
},
{
"word": "tofore"
},
{
"word": "togeder"
},
{
"word": "tomiddes"
},
{
"word": "tomorwe"
},
{
"word": "tonyght"
},
{
"word": "tosamen"
},
{
"word": "totwene"
},
{
"word": "toward"
},
{
"word": "towardes"
},
{
"word": "towardly"
},
{
"word": "towhile"
},
{
"word": "towhiles"
},
{
"word": "toyen"
},
{
"word": "toyenes"
},
{
"word": "toyere"
},
{
"word": "toþeþur"
},
{
"word": "toȝeves"
},
{
"word": "tocome"
},
{
"word": "todraght"
},
{
"word": "tofall"
},
{
"word": "toflight"
},
{
"word": "tohope"
},
{
"word": "toname"
},
{
"word": "tosupporte"
},
{
"word": "totagge"
},
{
"word": "toturn"
},
{
"word": "towardnesse"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "to-"
},
"expansion": "English: to-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: to-"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tō"
},
"expansion": "Old English tō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From to (“in the direction of”), from Old English tō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Affixed to verbs and verb inflections to impart a sense of motion, directionality and/or extension."
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
],
[
"directionality",
"directionality"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:towards"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Affixed to adjectives, adverbs and prepositions to impart a sense of approach, extension and/or proximity."
],
"links": [
[
"adjective",
"adjective"
],
[
"adverb",
"adverb"
],
[
"preposition",
"preposition"
],
[
"approach",
"approach"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
],
[
"proximity",
"proximity"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Affixed to nouns to impart a sense of motion, directionality and/or extension."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
],
[
"directionality",
"directionality"
],
[
"extension",
"extension"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Affixed to nouns to impart a sense of motion, directionality and/or extension."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toe-"
},
{
"word": "tou-"
},
{
"word": "ta-"
},
{
"word": "te-"
},
{
"word": "tu-"
},
{
"word": "tuo-"
},
{
"word": "two-"
},
{
"word": "tow-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prefixes",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tobellen"
},
{
"word": "tobenden"
},
{
"word": "tobreken"
},
{
"word": "tobresten"
},
{
"word": "tobysten"
},
{
"word": "tocheuen"
},
{
"word": "tocleven"
},
{
"word": "toclouten"
},
{
"word": "tocracchen"
},
{
"word": "todashen"
},
{
"word": "todelen"
},
{
"word": "todelven"
},
{
"word": "todereinen"
},
{
"word": "todiminuen"
},
{
"word": "todrauen"
},
{
"word": "todreven"
},
{
"word": "todriven"
},
{
"word": "todynen"
},
{
"word": "tofallen"
},
{
"word": "tofaren"
},
{
"word": "toferen"
},
{
"word": "toflen"
},
{
"word": "tofleten"
},
{
"word": "toflouen"
},
{
"word": "tofrushen"
},
{
"word": "tognauen"
},
{
"word": "togniden"
},
{
"word": "tognodden"
},
{
"word": "tograbben"
},
{
"word": "togreven"
},
{
"word": "togrinden"
},
{
"word": "toharwen"
},
{
"word": "toheden"
},
{
"word": "tohenen"
},
{
"word": "toheuen"
},
{
"word": "tohurten"
},
{
"word": "tohwiðeren"
},
{
"word": "toknouen"
},
{
"word": "tolaughen"
},
{
"word": "toliðen"
},
{
"word": "tomurten"
},
{
"word": "topreven"
},
{
"word": "torenden"
},
{
"word": "toresen"
},
{
"word": "toschiften"
},
{
"word": "toshenden"
},
{
"word": "tosheren"
},
{
"word": "tosheten"
},
{
"word": "toshiveren"
},
{
"word": "toshrapen"
},
{
"word": "toslateren"
},
{
"word": "toslyften"
},
{
"word": "tosparplen"
},
{
"word": "tospateren"
},
{
"word": "tosprengen"
},
{
"word": "tosterten"
},
{
"word": "tostonden"
},
{
"word": "toswelten"
},
{
"word": "tosweten"
},
{
"word": "toteren"
},
{
"word": "totrayen"
},
{
"word": "totreden"
},
{
"word": "totyren"
},
{
"word": "towalten"
},
{
"word": "towarplen"
},
{
"word": "towaxen"
},
{
"word": "towherven"
},
{
"word": "towurðen"
},
{
"word": "toyeten"
},
{
"word": "toysheden"
},
{
"word": "toborstennysse"
},
{
"word": "todel"
},
{
"word": "todræfednysse"
},
{
"word": "tolysnysse"
},
{
"word": "tolætenysse"
},
{
"word": "tosetnesse"
},
{
"word": "toworpennysse"
},
{
"word": "toðundennysse"
},
{
"word": "toȝotenysse"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "to-"
},
"expansion": "English: to-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: to-"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tō-"
},
"expansion": "Old English tō-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tō-, te- (“apart, asunder”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Appended to verbs and nouns to impart a sense of separation and/or departure."
],
"links": [
[
"separation",
"separation"
],
[
"departure",
"departure"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:apart"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Appended to verbs and nouns to intensify or emphasise the meaning."
],
"links": [
[
"intensify",
"intensify"
],
[
"emphasise",
"emphasise"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "te-"
},
{
"word": "tu-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English prefixes",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*twiz-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *twiz-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dwís"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dwís",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "ti-"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian ti-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "te-"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon te-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "zi-"
},
"expansion": "Old High German zi-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "zer-"
},
"expansion": "German zer-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌳𐌹𐍃-"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐍃- (dis-)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "dis-"
},
"expansion": "Latin dis-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *twiz-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognate with Old Frisian ti-, te-, Old Saxon te-, Old High German zi-, zir-, zar-, zur- (German zer-), Gothic 𐌳𐌹𐍃- (dis-), and with Latin dis-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tō-",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "tō-",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "tō-",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "tō-"
},
"expansion": "tō-",
"name": "ang-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to fall apart",
"text": "tefeallan, tōfeallan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to separate",
"text": "titwǣman, tōtwǣman",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to toss about",
"text": "tetorfian, tōtorfian",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verbal prefix with a sense of \"in pieces, apart, asunder\", or with intensive force"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "reputation",
"text": "tōtalu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "conversation",
"text": "tōsprǣċ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form substantives from other nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtoː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/toː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "te-"
},
{
"word": "ti-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*to-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *to-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *to-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "do-",
"tags": [
"pretonic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "prefix",
"3": "pretonic",
"4": "do-"
},
"expansion": "to- (pretonic do-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "do-"
},
"expansion": "to- (pretonic do-)",
"name": "sga-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish prefixes",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"prefix used to create verbs and associated verbal nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "pretonic form",
"word": "do-"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tō",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *tō.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon prefixes",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tōdōn (“to add; to close”)"
},
{
"text": "tōheftian (“to fix”)"
},
{
"text": "tōhlinon (“to lean against”)"
},
{
"text": "tōhnēgian (“to neigh towards”)"
},
{
"text": "tōrūnon (“to whisper”)"
},
{
"text": "tōsprekan (“to speak with, discuss, talk to”)"
},
{
"text": "tōstōtan (“to push, thrust”)"
},
{
"text": "tōward (“future”)"
},
{
"text": "tōwardes (“near”)"
},
{
"text": "tōwardig (“near”)"
},
{
"text": "tōwendian (“to turn towards”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Creates words with a sense of ‘towards, to, against’"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "to-"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: to-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: to-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "do-",
"3": "de-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: do-, de-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: do-, de-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "de-"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: de-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: de-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "owl",
"2": "di-"
},
"expansion": "Old Welsh: di-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Welsh: di-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "dy-"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: dy-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: dy-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "to-",
"3": "do-",
"4": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: to-, do-, do-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: to-, do-, do-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "do-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish: do-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Irish: do-"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*tó",
"t": "to, towards"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tó (“to, towards”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒋫",
"pos": "connective particle",
"t": "then",
"tr": "ta-"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒋫 (ta-, “then”, connective particle)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Dunkel gives two suggestions, either Proto-Indo-European *tó (“to, towards”), but there are no clear cognates, or PIE *tó (“then”), compare Hittite 𒋫 (ta-, “then”, connective particle). Matasović's derivation from PIE *tó- (pronoun) is plausible neither semantically nor morphologically, because the stem *tó- was otherwise completely replaced by *só- in Celtic.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "*to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/to-",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic prefixes",
"Proto-Celtic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"to, towards"
],
"links": [
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"towards",
"towards"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme",
"Peter Schrijver"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "full, saturated (not hungry); see there for further descendants",
"word": "to-k"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "to-sïk"
},
{
"english": "full; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *tō-l- (“to be full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tōl-u"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *tō-l- (“to be full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tōlum"
},
{
"english": "saturated; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *to-d- (“to become satiated, full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tod-gun"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *to-d- (“to become satiated, full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tod-tur-"
},
{
"english": "to make someone full, feed; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Turkic: *to-d- (“to become satiated, full”) (see there for further descendants)",
"word": "tod-gur-"
},
{
"english": "feast, wedding; see there for further descendants",
"word": ">? Proto-Turkic: *toy"
}
],
"etymology_text": ".",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/to-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic intransitive verbs",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to full"
],
"links": [
[
"full",
"full"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to full"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kps",
"2": "t-",
"t": "first-person singular prefix"
},
"expansion": "Tehit t- (“first-person singular prefix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Tehit t- (“first-person singular prefix”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "تو-",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tft",
"10": "تو-",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "",
"4": "-",
"5": "",
"6": "-",
"7": "",
"8": "-",
"9": "Jawi",
"f4sc": "Arab",
"head": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "to- (Jawi تو-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"j": "تو-"
},
"expansion": "to- (Jawi تو-)",
"name": "tft-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Ternate",
"lang_code": "tft",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "ngori"
},
{
"word": "fangarem"
},
{
"word": "fajaruf"
},
{
"word": "to"
},
{
"word": "ri"
},
{
"word": "ngana"
},
{
"word": "ngoni"
},
{
"word": "jou ngoni"
},
{
"word": "no"
},
{
"word": "ni"
},
{
"word": "unam"
},
{
"word": "minaf"
},
{
"word": "om"
},
{
"word": "mof"
},
{
"word": "inh"
},
{
"word": "im"
},
{
"word": "mif"
},
{
"word": "manh"
},
{
"word": "ngone"
},
{
"word": "fo"
},
{
"word": "na"
},
{
"word": "nga"
},
{
"word": "ngomi"
},
{
"word": "fangare ngomim"
},
{
"word": "fajaru ngomif"
},
{
"word": "fara ngomi1"
},
{
"word": "mi"
},
{
"word": "mia"
},
{
"word": "nia"
},
{
"word": "anah"
},
{
"word": "enanh"
},
{
"word": "ih"
},
{
"word": "nh"
},
{
"word": "yoh"
},
{
"word": "†"
},
{
"word": "yanh"
},
{
"word": "nah"
},
{
"word": "ngah"
},
{
"word": "unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific"
},
{
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "m"
},
{
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "f"
},
{
"english": "human",
"word": "h"
},
{
"tags": [
"non-human"
],
"word": "nh"
},
{
"english": "for mixed-gender groups",
"word": "1"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "†"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tehit terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Ternate clitics",
"Ternate entries with incorrect language header",
"Ternate lemmas",
"Ternate pronouns",
"Ternate terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I still remember your words to me.",
"text": "ngori tosonyinga moju ngana na demo se ngori.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular clitic, I"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
]
]
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wiy",
"2": "preverb",
"cat2": "articles"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wiyot",
"lang_code": "wiy",
"pos": "preverb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Wiyot articles",
"Wiyot entries with incorrect language header",
"Wiyot lemmas",
"Wiyot preverbs"
],
"glosses": [
"The definite article: the"
],
"links": [
[
"the",
"the"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɑ-/"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Wolio entries with incorrect language header",
"Wolio lemmas",
"Wolio prefixes",
"Wolio terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian",
"Wolio terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlo",
"2": "poz-pro",
"3": "*taʀ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀ-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taʀ-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlo",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "to-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wolio",
"lang_code": "wlo",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tobawa (“to be brought”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks the impersonal passive of transitive verbs"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tole'e (“to urinate”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms verbs expressing involuntary action"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/to-/"
}
],
"word": "to-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for to- meaning in All languages combined (29.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"to-"
],
"section": "Classical Nahuatl",
"subsection": "",
"title": "to-",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"to-"
],
"section": "Classical Nahuatl",
"subsection": "",
"title": "to-",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.