See gloom on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gloom meaning in All languages combined (22.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "doom and gloom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gloomies"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gloomily"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gloomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "June gloom"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*gloom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *gloom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*glom"
},
"expansion": "*glom",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "glōm",
"t": "gloaming, twilight, darkness"
},
"expansion": "Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*glōm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *glōm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glōmaz",
"t": "gleam, shimmer, sheen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-",
"t": "to gleam, shimmer, glow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "glom",
"t": "transparent membrane"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gloam",
"t": "twilight; faint light; dull gleam"
},
"expansion": "Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *gloom, *glom, from Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”), from Proto-West Germanic *glōm, from Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”). The English word is cognate with Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”), Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glooms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "gloom (usually uncountable, plural glooms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gloam"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the gloom of a forest, or of midnight",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, “News in pictures: Repatriated '66s' return home”, in RAIL, number 948, page 20",
"text": "On December 13, Maritime-liveried 66051 powers out of the early morning gloom with three repatriated Class 66s, on the 0809 Dollands Moor Sidings-Scunthorpe Redbourne Siding.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Darkness, dimness, or obscurity."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-noun-OGq9Nd7c",
"links": [
[
"Darkness",
"darkness"
],
[
"dimness",
"dimness"
],
[
"obscurity",
"obscurity"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎmnina",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тъмнина"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mrak",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мрак"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foscor"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duisternis"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "hämy"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obscurité"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pénombre"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grisaille"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tebras"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "noitebra"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cendra"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escuridade"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fusco"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "negrura"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "c̣q̇vdiadi",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "წყვდიადი"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bneleti",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "ბნელეთი"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uḳuneti",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "უკუნეთი"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sibnele",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "სიბნელე"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bneli",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "ბნელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Düsternis"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dunkelheit"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skótos",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σκότος"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zófos",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ζόφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skoteiniá",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σκοτεινιά"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "gnóphos",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γνόφος"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khóshekh",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חשך"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oscurità"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "tenebre"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buio"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "hiawe"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "pōuritanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "trevas"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escuridão"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escuro"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "întunecare"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tʹma",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тьма"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mrak",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мрак"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "temnotá",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "темнота́"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tamas",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "तमस्"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penumbra"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 2 4 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caddug"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956, “Heartbreak Hotel”, Mae Boren Axton, Tommy Durden, Elvis Presley (lyrics), performed by Elvis Presley",
"text": "Although it's always crowded\nYou still can find some room\nFor broken-hearted lovers\nTo cry there in their gloom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A depressing, despondent, or melancholic atmosphere."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-noun-P-CoZoXy",
"links": [
[
"depressing",
"depressing"
],
[
"despondent",
"despondent"
],
[
"melancholic",
"melancholic"
],
[
"atmosphere",
"atmosphere"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mračnost",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мрачност"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "melanholija",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолия"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tristesa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "ankeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "morosité"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "noirceur"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sombreur"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tebras"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sóma"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cendra"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moɣušuloba",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "მოღუშულობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Trübnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "melancholía",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μελαγχολία"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "stugnía",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "στυγνία"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dikaón",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "דיכאון"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "depressione"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "tristezza"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mōrōsitās"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "trevas"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "tristeza"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolie"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unýnije",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уны́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tristeza"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 65 29 3",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "umet",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אומעט"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 16 30 4 2 12 4 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 38 3 2 14 5 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 14 27 4 15 12 10 8 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "en:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1770, Edmund Burke, Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents",
"text": "A sullen gloom and furious disorder prevailed by fits.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-noun-PzgdM4q8",
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "ankeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "morosité"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saudade"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "morriña"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daɣvremiloba",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "დაღვრემილობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gulgaṭexiloba",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "გულგატეხილობა"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sevda",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "სევდა"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naɣveli",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "ნაღველი"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schwermut"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Melancholie"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Niedergeschlagenheit"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "melancholía",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μελαγχολία"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katífeia",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατήφεια"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apothárrynsi",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αποθάρρυνση"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gruaim"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 5 92 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "melancolía"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A drying oven used in gunpowder manufacture."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-noun-xrgji6SO",
"links": [
[
"dry",
"dry"
],
[
"oven",
"oven"
],
[
"gunpowder",
"gunpowder"
],
[
"manufacture",
"manufacture"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-gloom.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg/En-us-gloom.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"word": "gloom"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*gloom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *gloom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*glom"
},
"expansion": "*glom",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "glōm",
"t": "gloaming, twilight, darkness"
},
"expansion": "Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*glōm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *glōm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glōmaz",
"t": "gleam, shimmer, sheen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-",
"t": "to gleam, shimmer, glow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "glom",
"t": "transparent membrane"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gloam",
"t": "twilight; faint light; dull gleam"
},
"expansion": "Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *gloom, *glom, from Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”), from Proto-West Germanic *glōm, from Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”). The English word is cognate with Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”), Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glooms",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glooming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gloomed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gloomed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloom (third-person singular simple present glooms, present participle glooming, simple past and past participle gloomed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the \"Stranger People's\" Country, Nebraska, published 2005, page 189",
"text": "Around all the dark forest gloomed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be dark or gloomy."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-verb-S5BvK6ly",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be dark or gloomy."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, W. Marshall, Strange Chapman, volume 2, page 170",
"text": "Her face gathers, furrows, glooms; arching eyebrows wrinkle into horizontals, and a tinge of bitterness unsmooths the cheek and robs the lip of sweetened grace. She is evidently perturbed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1930, D. H. Lawrence, The Lovely Lady",
"text": "Ciss was a big, dark-complexioned, pug-faced young woman who seemed to be glooming about something.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To look or feel sad, sullen or despondent."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-verb-T-7iIKfL",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"despondent",
"despondent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To look or feel sad, sullen or despondent."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To render gloomy or dark; to obscure; to darken."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-verb-olUfFIpp",
"links": [
[
"obscure",
"obscure"
],
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To render gloomy or dark; to obscure; to darken."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To fill with gloom; to make sad, dismal, or sullen."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-verb-jD9yvts8",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fill with gloom; to make sad, dismal, or sullen."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To shine or appear obscurely or imperfectly; to glimmer."
],
"id": "en-gloom-en-verb-r3vpcz23",
"links": [
[
"glimmer",
"glimmer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-gloom.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg/En-us-gloom.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"word": "gloom"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰley-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable",
"en:Emotions"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "doom and gloom"
},
{
"word": "gloomies"
},
{
"word": "gloomily"
},
{
"word": "gloomy"
},
{
"word": "June gloom"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*gloom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *gloom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*glom"
},
"expansion": "*glom",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "glōm",
"t": "gloaming, twilight, darkness"
},
"expansion": "Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*glōm"
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *glōm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glōmaz",
"t": "gleam, shimmer, sheen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-",
"t": "to gleam, shimmer, glow"
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
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"t": "transparent membrane"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gloam",
"t": "twilight; faint light; dull gleam"
},
"expansion": "Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *gloom, *glom, from Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”), from Proto-West Germanic *glōm, from Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”). The English word is cognate with Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”), Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glooms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "gloom (usually uncountable, plural glooms)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gloam"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the gloom of a forest, or of midnight",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2022 January 12, “News in pictures: Repatriated '66s' return home”, in RAIL, number 948, page 20",
"text": "On December 13, Maritime-liveried 66051 powers out of the early morning gloom with three repatriated Class 66s, on the 0809 Dollands Moor Sidings-Scunthorpe Redbourne Siding.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Darkness, dimness, or obscurity."
],
"links": [
[
"Darkness",
"darkness"
],
[
"dimness",
"dimness"
],
[
"obscurity",
"obscurity"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1956, “Heartbreak Hotel”, Mae Boren Axton, Tommy Durden, Elvis Presley (lyrics), performed by Elvis Presley",
"text": "Although it's always crowded\nYou still can find some room\nFor broken-hearted lovers\nTo cry there in their gloom.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A depressing, despondent, or melancholic atmosphere."
],
"links": [
[
"depressing",
"depressing"
],
[
"despondent",
"despondent"
],
[
"melancholic",
"melancholic"
],
[
"atmosphere",
"atmosphere"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1770, Edmund Burke, Thoughts on the Cause of the Present Discontents",
"text": "A sullen gloom and furious disorder prevailed by fits.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A drying oven used in gunpowder manufacture."
],
"links": [
[
"dry",
"dry"
],
[
"oven",
"oven"
],
[
"gunpowder",
"gunpowder"
],
[
"manufacture",
"manufacture"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-gloom.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg/En-us-gloom.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎmnina",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тъмнина"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mrak",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мрак"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foscor"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "duisternis"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "hämy"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obscurité"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pénombre"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grisaille"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tebras"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "noitebra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cendra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escuridade"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fusco"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "negrura"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "c̣q̇vdiadi",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "წყვდიადი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bneleti",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "ბნელეთი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uḳuneti",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "უკუნეთი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sibnele",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "სიბნელე"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "bneli",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "ბნელი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "uḳuneti",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "უკუნეთი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Düsternis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dunkelheit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skótos",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σκότος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zófos",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ζόφος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skoteiniá",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "σκοτεινιά"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "gnóphos",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γνόφος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khóshekh",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "חשך"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oscurità"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "tenebre"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buio"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "hiawe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "pōuritanga"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"word": "trevas"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "escuridão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escuro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "întunecare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tʹma",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тьма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mrak",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мрак"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "temnotá",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "темнота́"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "tamas",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "तमस्"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "penumbra"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "darkness, dimness, or obscurity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caddug"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mračnost",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мрачност"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "melanholija",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "меланхолия"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tristesa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "ankeus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "morosité"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "noirceur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"dated",
"feminine"
],
"word": "sombreur"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tebras"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sóma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cendra"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "moɣušuloba",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "მოღუშულობა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Trübnis"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "melancholía",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μελαγχολία"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "stugnía",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "στυγνία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dikaón",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "דיכאון"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "depressione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "tristezza"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mōrōsitās"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "trevas"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"word": "tristeza"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "melancolie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "unýnije",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "уны́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tristeza"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "umet",
"sense": "depressing, despondent, or melancholy atmosphere",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "אומעט"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "ankeus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "morosité"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "saudade"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "morriña"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daɣvremiloba",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "დაღვრემილობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gulgaṭexiloba",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "გულგატეხილობა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sevda",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "სევდა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naɣveli",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "ნაღველი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schwermut"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Melancholie"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Niedergeschlagenheit"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "melancholía",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μελαγχολία"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katífeia",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατήφεια"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apothárrynsi",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αποθάρρυνση"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gruaim"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cloudiness or heaviness of mind; melancholy; aspect of sorrow; low spirits; dullness",
"word": "melancolía"
}
],
"word": "gloom"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰley-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/uːm",
"Rhymes:English/uːm/1 syllable",
"en:Emotions"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*gloom"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *gloom",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "*glom"
},
"expansion": "*glom",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "glōm",
"t": "gloaming, twilight, darkness"
},
"expansion": "Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*glōm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *glōm",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glōmaz",
"t": "gleam, shimmer, sheen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰley-",
"t": "to gleam, shimmer, glow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "glom",
"t": "transparent membrane"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "gloam",
"t": "twilight; faint light; dull gleam"
},
"expansion": "Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *gloom, *glom, from Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”), from Proto-West Germanic *glōm, from Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to gleam, shimmer, glow”). The English word is cognate with Norwegian glom (“transparent membrane”), Scots gloam (“twilight; faint light; dull gleam”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glooms",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "glooming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gloomed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gloomed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gloom (third-person singular simple present glooms, present participle glooming, simple past and past participle gloomed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1891, Mary Noailles Murfree, In the \"Stranger People's\" Country, Nebraska, published 2005, page 189",
"text": "Around all the dark forest gloomed.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be dark or gloomy."
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"gloomy",
"gloomy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To be dark or gloomy."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1882, W. Marshall, Strange Chapman, volume 2, page 170",
"text": "Her face gathers, furrows, glooms; arching eyebrows wrinkle into horizontals, and a tinge of bitterness unsmooths the cheek and robs the lip of sweetened grace. She is evidently perturbed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1930, D. H. Lawrence, The Lovely Lady",
"text": "Ciss was a big, dark-complexioned, pug-faced young woman who seemed to be glooming about something.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To look or feel sad, sullen or despondent."
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"sullen",
"sullen"
],
[
"despondent",
"despondent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To look or feel sad, sullen or despondent."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To render gloomy or dark; to obscure; to darken."
],
"links": [
[
"obscure",
"obscure"
],
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To render gloomy or dark; to obscure; to darken."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To fill with gloom; to make sad, dismal, or sullen."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To fill with gloom; to make sad, dismal, or sullen."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To shine or appear obscurely or imperfectly; to glimmer."
],
"links": [
[
"glimmer",
"glimmer"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡluːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡlum/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːm"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-gloom.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg/En-us-gloom.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/En-us-gloom.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"word": "gloom"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.