See abuse on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuseful"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusefully"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuseless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuse of discretion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuse of distress"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuse of notation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuse of process"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "alcohol abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "antiabuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "child abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dog's abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drug abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elder abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "polyabuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "racket abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "re-abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ritual abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "satanic ritual abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "self-abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sex abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sexual abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "solvent abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "substance abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tech abuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overabuse"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abusen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abusen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "abus",
"4": "",
"5": "improper use"
},
"expansion": "Old French abus (“improper use”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abūsus",
"4": "",
"5": "misused, using up"
},
"expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ab",
"3": "use"
},
"expansion": "ab- + use",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abuses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧use"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "human rights abuses",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:",
"text": "Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun-0FCNUF0J",
"links": [
[
"Improper",
"improper"
],
[
"treatment",
"treatment"
],
[
"usage",
"usage"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
],
[
"unjust",
"unjust"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt"
],
[
"wrongful",
"wrongful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abusage"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕassuf",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَسُّف"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭuḡyān",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طُغْيَان"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ẓulm",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ظُلْم"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jawr",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَوْر"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕassuf",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَسُّف"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čʻarašahum",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "չարաշահում"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zlaŭžýtak",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злаўжы́так"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zloŭžyvánnje",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоўжыва́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zloupotréba",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "злоупотре́ба"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruik"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "väärinkäyttö"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "väärinkäytös"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abus"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Missbrauch"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katáchrisi",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατάχρηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "piknaudžiavimas"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "durupayōgaṁ",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "ദുരുപയോഗം"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruk"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abuz"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotreblénije",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоупотребле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "56 10 2 11 7 5 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžyvánnja",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зловжива́ння"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:",
"text": "Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:",
"text": "Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misuse; improper use; perversion."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun-kmxTuyWj",
"links": [
[
"Misuse",
"misuse"
],
[
"perversion",
"perversion"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 4 11 29 24 15 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:",
"text": "Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun-t5wLGCGD",
"links": [
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
],
[
"imposture",
"imposture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 16 7 6 8 9 2 8 3 13 2 3 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "en:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:",
"text": "The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:",
"text": "But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:",
"text": "The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun-iP8WyuoP",
"links": [
[
"Coarse",
"coarse"
],
[
"insulting",
"insulting"
],
[
"abusive",
"abusive"
],
[
"vilifies",
"vilifies"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "invective"
},
{
"word": "contumely"
},
{
"word": "reproach"
},
{
"word": "scurrility"
},
{
"word": "insult"
},
{
"word": "opprobrium"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "masabba",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مَسَبَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šatīma",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شَتِيمَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šetīma",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "شتيمة"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šetma",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "شتمة"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "viravorankʻ",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "վիրավորանք"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abráza",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абра́за"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obída",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "оби́да"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskǎrblénie",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "оскърбле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "辱罵"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rǔmà, rùmà",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "辱骂"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "咒罵"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhòumà",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "咒骂"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urážka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "beschimpingen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "solvang"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "solvaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "herjaus"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "insulte"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "offense"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "injure"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beschimpfung"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schmähung"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beleidigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vrisiés",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "βρισιές"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtalkhút",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "השתלחות"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "apśabd",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "अपशब्द"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "gālī",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "गाली"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tarcaisne"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"alt": "ぶじょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujoku",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "侮辱"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"alt": "侮辱",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "moyok",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "모욕"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "sveņtēt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "lomuot"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "probrum"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "lamāt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "navreda",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "навреда"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "whakamanioro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "kaioraora"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "utskjelling"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "došnâm",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "دشنام"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obraza"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zniewaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "abuz verbal"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "jignire verbală"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "ofensă verbală"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskorblénije",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "оскорбле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "branʹ",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "брань"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rúganʹ",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ру́гань"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obída",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "оби́да"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "càineadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trod"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cronachadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uvreda"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urážka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obráza",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обра́за"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lájka",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ла́йка"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 79 6 4 3",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "gālī",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گالی"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 16 13 8 5 13 1 9 1 1 3 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 15 15 7 4 12 1 5 2 2 3 2 19",
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},
{
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "4 1 5 20 11 10 3 10 1 5 2 1 2 1 24",
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"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "5 3 6 16 11 9 4 10 2 5 2 2 3 2 19",
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"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 18 14 7 4 10 1 7 2 2 3 2 18",
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"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 13 9 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 20",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 6 17 13 6 3 11 1 7 2 2 3 1 17",
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"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 17 12 8 4 9 3 8 3 3 3 2 17",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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{
"_dis": "6 2 5 18 12 6 7 9 1 7 2 2 4 1 17",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 17 14 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 16 13 7 8 10 1 7 2 2 3 1 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 14 9 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 19 13 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
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"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Catachresis."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun--KYQqPLC",
"links": [
[
"Catachresis",
"catachresis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) Catachresis."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abusio"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun-41ymMyaj",
"links": [
[
"Physical",
"physical"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔizāʔ gasadi",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "إيذاء جسدي"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdzjek",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "здзек"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdzjékvannje",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "здзе́кванне"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "jénčannje",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "е́нчанне"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nüèdài",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "虐待"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mishandling"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mishandeling"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "pahoinpitely"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abus"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Misshandlung"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kakometacheírisi",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κακομεταχείριση"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hit'al'lút",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "התעללות"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "misþyrming"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "violenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"alt": "ぎゃくたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gyakutai",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "虐待"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"alt": "虐待",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hakdae",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "학대"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contumēlia"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "penderaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "tūkino ha"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "kaikino"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "whakakinonga"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "mi",
"english": "sexual (see below)",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "taitōkai"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "rurerurenga"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "atéʼélʼí"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mishandling"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mishandling"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "znęcanie się"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "violență"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "abuz fizic"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izdevátelʹstvo",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "издева́тельство"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "istjazánije",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "истяза́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žestókoje obraščénije",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жесто́кое обраще́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "napádki",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "напа́дки"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "злостављање"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "zlostavljanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "misshandel"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "pagmamalupit"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "narúha",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нару́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znuščánnja",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "знуща́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 7 16 8 61 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "žorstóke povódžennja",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "жорсто́ке пово́дження"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-noun-1lLX3NWj",
"links": [
[
"undesired",
"undesired"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "intihāk jasadiyy",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "seṙakan otnjgutʻyun",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "սեռական ոտնձգություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"alt": "ост.",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iznasílvane",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изнаси́лване"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zneužití"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "seksuelt misbrug"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruik"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "hyväksikäyttö"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "seksuaalinen väkivalta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viol"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Missbrauch"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "t'kifá minít",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "תקיפה מינית"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso sessuale"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "violenza carnale"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "taitōkai"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voldtekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "molestowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "violență sexuală"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "abuz sexual"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"alt": "сексуа́льное",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nasílije",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наси́лие"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso sexual"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 1 2 3 1 91",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "panggagahasa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjuːs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əbyo͞os'",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjus/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-abuse-noun.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjʉs/",
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːs"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"alt": "isāʔa(t) istiḵdām",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sūʔ esteḵdām",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "سوء استخدام"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čʻarašahum",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "չարաշահում"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "sui-istifadə"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zlaŭžýtak",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злаўжы́так"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zloŭžyvánnje",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоўжыва́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zloupotréba",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "злоупотре́ба"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abús"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "濫權"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lànquán",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "滥权"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "濫用"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lànyòng",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "滥用"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbrug"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "vanrøgt"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "väärinkäyttö"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abus"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "Missbrauch"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katáchrisi",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατάχρηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitzúl l'rá'a",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניצול לרעה"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "durūpyog",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "दुरूपयोग"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "penyalahgunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"alt": "らんよう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ran'yō",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "濫用"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"alt": "濫用",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namyong",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "남용"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"alt": "濫用",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ramyong",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "람용"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abūsiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "penyalahgunaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abbuż"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "raukotinga"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruk"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruk"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "nadużycie"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abuz"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotreblénije",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоупотребле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "злоупотреба"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "zloupotreba"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "missbruk"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžyvánnja",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зловжива́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 41 1 4 2 3 2",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "migeb"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "overabuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusability"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "coabuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "disabuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reabuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unabusing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abusen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abusen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "abuser"
},
"expansion": "Middle French abuser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abūsus",
"4": "",
"5": "misused, using up"
},
"expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abuses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abusing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"abuse"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusively"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "abusiveness"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 16 13 8 5 13 1 9 1 1 3 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 15 15 7 4 12 1 5 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 7 17 9 11 5 12 1 4 2 2 2 1 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 18 13 7 3 11 1 6 2 3 3 1 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 16 12 8 4 10 1 7 2 3 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 7 17 12 9 4 10 1 5 2 2 3 1 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 6 17 13 6 3 11 1 7 2 2 3 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He abused his authority.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:",
"text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-jViGhmOm",
"links": [
[
"misapply",
"misapply"
],
[
"improperly",
"improperly"
],
[
"pervert",
"pervert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čʻarašahel",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "չարաշահել"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zloupotrebjávam",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "злоупотребя́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "濫用"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lànyòng",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "滥用"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misbruge"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misbruiken"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "verkeerd gebruiken"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misuzi"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "mistrakti"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "väärinkäyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "missbrauchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitzél l'rá'a",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "ניצל לרעה"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "menyalahgunakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusare"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"alt": "らんようする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ran'yō suru",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "濫用する"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuza"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuzá"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ləəhlməəh",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "លើសល្មើស"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abūtor"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "piknaudžiauti"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuséieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "raukoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misbruke"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuza"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "злоупотребля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotrebítʹ",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "злоупотреби́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "злоупотребити"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "zloupotrebiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "missbruka"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "utnyttja"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžyváty",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зловжива́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžýty",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зловжи́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "lạm dụng"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "migebön"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 1 5 2 1 2 1 14",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "slanön"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:",
"text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-OyeY4YyG",
"links": [
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"maltreat",
"maltreat"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"cruelty",
"cruelty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "maltreat"
},
{
"word": "injure"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔāḏā",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "آذَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusatu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdzjékavacca",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "здзе́кавацца"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nüèdài",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "虐待"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "摧殘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cuīcán",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "摧残"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "mishandle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "mishandelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "pahoinpidellä"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "missbrauchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "ganaitjan",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "anamahtjan",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitalél",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "התעלל"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "misþyrma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "こくしする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokushi suru",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "酷使する"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "ぎゃくたいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gyakutai suru",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "虐待する"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "piənpiə",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "ពានពារ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑmpiə",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "បំពារ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑmpiən",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "បំពាន"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "បង្គ្រប"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "whakakinokino"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"english": "sexually",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "taitōkai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "tūkino"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "maukino"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "raukoti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "mishandle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "maltretować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zmaltretować"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "znęcać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izdevátʹsja",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "издева́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "злостављати"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "zlostavljati"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "misshandla"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znuščátysja",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "знуща́тися"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "bạo hành"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 14, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:",
"text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199",
"text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."
},
{
"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:",
"text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-en:insult",
"links": [
[
"coarse",
"coarse"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
],
[
"revile",
"revile"
],
[
"malign",
"malign"
],
[
"disparage",
"disparage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."
],
"senseid": [
"en:insult"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "revile"
},
{
"word": "reproach"
},
{
"word": "vilify"
},
{
"word": "vituperate"
},
{
"word": "offend"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔahāna",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "أَهَانَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sabba",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "سَبَّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šatama",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "شَتَمَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abražácʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "абража́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abrázicʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "абра́зіць"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskǎrbjávam",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оскърбя́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskǎrbjá",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оскърбя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obíždam",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оби́ждам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obídja",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оби́дя"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "辱罵"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rǔmà",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "辱骂"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǔrǔ",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "侮辱"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "beschimpen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "uitschelden"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "insulti"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "herjata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "solvata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "beschimpfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "beleidigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "loidoréō",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "λοιδορέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtaléakh",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "השתלח"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "burā bhalā kahnā",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "बुरा भला कहना"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "gālī denā",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "गाली देना"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "maslaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "insultare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"alt": "ののしる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nonoshiru",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "罵る"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"alt": "ばとうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "batō suru",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "罵倒する"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"alt": "ぶじょくする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujoku suru",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "侮辱する"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "abuza"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "abuzá"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "moyokhada",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "모욕하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "įžeidinėti"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "whakamanioro"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "whakamania"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "skjelle ut"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "misbēodan"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "insultar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "ultrajar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "afrontar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "ofender"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskorbljátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оскорбля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskorbítʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оскорби́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obižátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обижа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obídetʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оби́деть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rugátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrugátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "обруга́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "materítʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "матери́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmaterítʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "обматери́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "vrijeđati"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "psovati"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obražáty",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обража́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пригно́блювати"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "lenofön"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "nofön"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 84 1 2 1 1 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "lunofön"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-inxseaN~",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 88 1 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended",
"word": "väärinkäyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 1 1 88 1 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:",
"text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:",
"text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:",
"text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-inzwUUDi",
"links": [
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"defile",
"defile"
],
[
"rape",
"rape"
],
[
"masturbate",
"masturbate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḡtaṣaba",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "intahaka",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hvaltavácʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гвалтава́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zhvaltavácʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "згвалтава́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iznasílvam",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изнаси́лвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iznasílja",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изнаси́ля"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "violar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "摧殘"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cuīcán",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "摧残"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "voldtage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "misbruiken"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "onteren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "verkrachten"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "raiskata"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "vergewaltigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "missbrauchen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "violentare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seitekigyakutai suru",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "性的虐待する"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gangganhada",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "강간하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seongpokhaenghada",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "성폭행하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "pāwhera"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "voldta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "valdta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "gwałcić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zgwałcić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nasílovatʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "наси́ловать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iznasílovatʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изнаси́ловать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "violar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "våldta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гвалтува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zhvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "згвалтува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "gvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ґвалтува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 98 0 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zgvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зґвалтува́ти"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:",
"text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misrepresent; adulterate."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-nWK8XevC",
"links": [
[
"adulterate",
"adulterate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-puy2E7rn",
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"impose",
"impose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵadaʕa",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "خَدَعَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡašša",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "غَشَّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḍallala",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "ضَلَّلَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "väärinkäyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "ingannare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "enganar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "engañar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 16 13 8 5 13 1 9 1 1 3 1 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 4 15 15 7 4 12 1 5 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 7 17 9 11 5 12 1 4 2 2 2 1 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 3 9 9 4 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 11 7 2 10 10 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 3 9 10 5 3 8 1 2 1 1 1 1 11 8 1 8 12 1 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 5 18 13 6 5 7 2 9 3 3 3 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 6 18 13 7 3 11 1 6 2 3 3 1 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 4 19 12 7 7 9 1 7 2 3 3 1 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 14 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 16 12 8 4 10 1 7 2 3 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 18 13 8 5 10 1 7 2 3 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 16 13 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 5 20 11 10 3 10 1 5 2 1 2 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 6 16 11 9 4 10 2 5 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 7 17 15 7 4 10 1 5 1 1 3 1 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 18 14 7 4 10 1 7 2 2 3 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 5 14 11 9 4 10 2 5 2 3 3 2 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 16 12 9 4 10 1 5 2 2 3 1 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 21 14 6 3 8 1 7 2 3 4 1 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gothic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 19 13 7 4 9 1 7 2 5 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 17 14 7 4 9 2 6 2 3 3 1 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 14 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 16 13 7 8 10 1 7 2 2 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 18 13 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 7 17 12 9 4 10 1 5 2 2 3 1 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 15 13 9 4 10 1 5 2 2 3 2 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 16 13 8 4 11 1 5 1 1 2 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 19 13 7 4 9 1 7 2 3 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 14 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 16 13 9 4 11 1 5 2 2 3 1 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 16 13 7 8 10 1 7 2 2 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 15 7 4 9 1 6 2 2 3 1 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 20 12 8 4 8 3 7 2 2 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 13 8 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 5 15 11 7 8 10 1 7 2 2 3 2 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 13 9 4 9 1 8 2 3 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 5 17 16 8 4 11 0 5 1 1 2 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 13 9 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 6 17 13 6 3 11 1 7 2 2 3 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 17 12 8 4 9 3 8 3 3 3 2 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 5 18 12 6 7 9 1 7 2 2 4 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 17 14 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 7 17 12 7 4 10 1 5 1 2 3 1 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 16 13 7 8 10 1 7 2 2 3 1 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 16 12 9 4 11 2 5 2 2 3 2 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 17 14 9 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 5 19 13 7 4 9 1 7 2 2 3 2 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 5 16 13 7 8 10 1 7 2 2 3 2 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 6 16 13 8 4 11 2 5 2 2 3 2 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Disuse."
],
"id": "en-abuse-en-verb-YGN5r~ev",
"links": [
[
"Disuse",
"disuse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːz"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "abuse",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abuser"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abuser:",
"first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-abuse-fr-verb-QLq1YbL2",
"links": [
[
"abuser",
"abuser#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abuser"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abuser:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-abuse-fr-verb-9B116zeZ",
"links": [
[
"abuser",
"abuser#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-abuse.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-abuse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-abuse.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f0/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-abuse.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-abuse.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "abūse",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "participle form",
"head": "abūse"
},
"expansion": "abūse",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 3 9 9 4 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 11 7 2 10 10 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abūsus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative masculine singular of abūsus"
],
"id": "en-abuse-la-verb-~Fg~YfBT",
"links": [
[
"abūsus",
"abusus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"participle",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "abuse",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 1 3 9 9 4 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 11 7 2 10 10 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 3 9 10 5 3 8 1 2 1 1 1 1 11 8 1 8 12 1 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-abuse-pt-verb-HUfU6-PW",
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-abuse-pt-verb-DMf0oc-P",
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "abuse",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu‧se"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 1 3 9 9 4 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 11 7 2 10 10 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 3 9 10 5 3 8 1 2 1 1 1 1 11 8 1 8 12 1 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-abuse-es-verb-HUfU6-PW",
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-abuse-es-verb-DMf0oc-P",
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbuse/"
},
{
"ipa": "[aˈβ̞u.se]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-use"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms prefixed with ab-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːs",
"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/uːz",
"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abuseful"
},
{
"word": "abusefully"
},
{
"word": "abuseless"
},
{
"word": "abusement"
},
{
"word": "abuse of discretion"
},
{
"word": "abuse of distress"
},
{
"word": "abuse of notation"
},
{
"word": "abuse of process"
},
{
"word": "alcohol abuse"
},
{
"word": "antiabuse"
},
{
"word": "child abuse"
},
{
"word": "dog's abuse"
},
{
"word": "drug abuse"
},
{
"word": "elder abuse"
},
{
"word": "overabuse"
},
{
"word": "polyabuse"
},
{
"word": "racket abuse"
},
{
"word": "re-abuse"
},
{
"word": "ritual abuse"
},
{
"word": "satanic ritual abuse"
},
{
"word": "self-abuse"
},
{
"word": "sex abuse"
},
{
"word": "sexual abuse"
},
{
"word": "solvent abuse"
},
{
"word": "substance abuse"
},
{
"word": "tech abuse"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abusen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abusen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "abus",
"4": "",
"5": "improper use"
},
"expansion": "Old French abus (“improper use”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abūsus",
"4": "",
"5": "misused, using up"
},
"expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ab",
"3": "use"
},
"expansion": "ab- + use",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abuses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ab‧use"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "human rights abuses",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:",
"text": "Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom."
],
"links": [
[
"Improper",
"improper"
],
[
"treatment",
"treatment"
],
[
"usage",
"usage"
],
[
"purpose",
"purpose"
],
[
"unjust",
"unjust"
],
[
"corrupt",
"corrupt"
],
[
"wrongful",
"wrongful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abusage"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:",
"text": "Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:",
"text": "Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misuse; improper use; perversion."
],
"links": [
[
"Misuse",
"misuse"
],
[
"perversion",
"perversion"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:",
"text": "Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception."
],
"links": [
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
],
[
"imposture",
"imposture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:",
"text": "The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:",
"text": "But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:",
"text": "The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies."
],
"links": [
[
"Coarse",
"coarse"
],
[
"insulting",
"insulting"
],
[
"abusive",
"abusive"
],
[
"vilifies",
"vilifies"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "invective"
},
{
"word": "contumely"
},
{
"word": "reproach"
},
{
"word": "scurrility"
},
{
"word": "insult"
},
{
"word": "opprobrium"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Catachresis."
],
"links": [
[
"Catachresis",
"catachresis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) Catachresis."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "abusio"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment."
],
"links": [
[
"Physical",
"physical"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis."
],
"links": [
[
"undesired",
"undesired"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjuːs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əbyo͞os'",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjus/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-abuse-noun.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjʉs/",
"tags": [
"Northern-Ireland",
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːs"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕassuf",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَسُّف"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṭuḡyān",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "طُغْيَان"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ẓulm",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ظُلْم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jawr",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "جَوْر"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕassuf",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَسُّف"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čʻarašahum",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "չարաշահում"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zlaŭžýtak",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злаўжы́так"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zloŭžyvánnje",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоўжыва́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zloupotréba",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "злоупотре́ба"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruik"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "väärinkäyttö"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "väärinkäytös"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Missbrauch"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katáchrisi",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατάχρηση"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "piknaudžiavimas"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "durupayōgaṁ",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "ദുരുപയോഗം"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruk"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abuz"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotreblénije",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоупотребле́ние"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžyvánnja",
"sense": "corrupt practice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зловжива́ння"
},
{
"alt": "isāʔa(t) istiḵdām",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sūʔ esteḵdām",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "سوء استخدام"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čʻarašahum",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "չարաշահում"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "sui-istifadə"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zlaŭžýtak",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "злаўжы́так"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zloŭžyvánnje",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоўжыва́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zloupotréba",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "злоупотре́ба"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abús"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "濫權"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lànquán",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "滥权"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "濫用"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lànyòng",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "滥用"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbrug"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "vanrøgt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "väärinkäyttö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abus"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "Missbrauch"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katáchrisi",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατάχρηση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitzúl l'rá'a",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ניצול לרעה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "durūpyog",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "दुरूपयोग"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "penyalahgunaan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"alt": "らんよう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ran'yō",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "濫用"
},
{
"alt": "濫用",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namyong",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "남용"
},
{
"alt": "濫用",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "ramyong",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "람용"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "abūsiō"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "penyalahgunaan"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abbuż"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "raukotinga"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "nadużycie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "abuz"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotreblénije",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "злоупотребле́ние"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "злоупотреба"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "zloupotreba"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "missbruk"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžyvánnja",
"sense": "improper usage",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зловжива́ння"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "improper usage",
"word": "migeb"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "masabba",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مَسَبَّة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šatīma",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "شَتِيمَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šetīma",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "شتيمة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šetma",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "شتمة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "viravorankʻ",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "վիրավորանք"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abráza",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абра́за"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obída",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "оби́да"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskǎrblénie",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "оскърбле́ние"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "辱罵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rǔmà, rùmà",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "辱骂"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "咒罵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhòumà",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "咒骂"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urážka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "beschimpingen"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "solvang"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "solvaus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "herjaus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "insulte"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "offense"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "injure"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beschimpfung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schmähung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beleidigung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vrisiés",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "βρισιές"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtalkhút",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "השתלחות"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "apśabd",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "अपशब्द"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "gālī",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "गाली"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tarcaisne"
},
{
"alt": "ぶじょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujoku",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "侮辱"
},
{
"alt": "侮辱",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "moyok",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "모욕"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "sveņtēt"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "lomuot"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "probrum"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "lamāt"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "navreda",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "навреда"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "whakamanioro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "kaioraora"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "utskjelling"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "došnâm",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "دشنام"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "obraza"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zniewaga"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "abuz verbal"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "jignire verbală"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "ofensă verbală"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskorblénije",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "оскорбле́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "branʹ",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "брань"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rúganʹ",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ру́гань"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obída",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "оби́да"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "càineadh"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trod"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cronachadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uvreda"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urážka"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obráza",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "обра́за"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lájka",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ла́йка"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "gālī",
"sense": "insulting speech",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گالی"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔizāʔ gasadi",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "إيذاء جسدي"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdzjek",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "здзек"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdzjékvannje",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "здзе́кванне"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "jénčannje",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "е́нчанне"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nüèdài",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "虐待"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "mishandling"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mishandeling"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "pahoinpitely"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Misshandlung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kakometacheírisi",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κακομεταχείριση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hit'al'lút",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "התעללות"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "misþyrming"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "violenza"
},
{
"alt": "ぎゃくたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gyakutai",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "虐待"
},
{
"alt": "虐待",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hakdae",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "학대"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "contumēlia"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "penderaan"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "tūkino ha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "kaikino"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "whakakinonga"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "sexual (see below)",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "taitōkai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "rurerurenga"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "atéʼélʼí"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "mishandling"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mishandling"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "znęcanie się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "violență"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "abuz fizic"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izdevátelʹstvo",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "издева́тельство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "istjazánije",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "истяза́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žestókoje obraščénije",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жесто́кое обраще́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "napádki",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "напа́дки"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"neuter"
],
"word": "злостављање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"neuter"
],
"word": "zlostavljanje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "misshandel"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"word": "pagmamalupit"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "narúha",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нару́га"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znuščánnja",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "знуща́ння"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "žorstóke povódžennja",
"sense": "physical maltreatment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "жорсто́ке пово́дження"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "intihāk jasadiyy",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "seṙakan otnjgutʻyun",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "սեռական ոտնձգություն"
},
{
"alt": "ост.",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iznasílvane",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изнаси́лване"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zneužití"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "seksuelt misbrug"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "misbruik"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "hyväksikäyttö"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "seksuaalinen väkivalta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "viol"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Missbrauch"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "t'kifá minít",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "תקיפה מינית"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso sessuale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "violenza carnale"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "taitōkai"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "voldtekt"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "molestowanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "violență sexuală"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "abuz sexual"
},
{
"alt": "сексуа́льное",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nasílije",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наси́лие"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abuso sexual"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "abuso"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sexual violation or assault",
"word": "panggagahasa"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːz",
"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"en:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abusability"
},
{
"word": "abusable"
},
{
"word": "abusage"
},
{
"word": "abusee"
},
{
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"word": "coabuse"
},
{
"word": "disabuse"
},
{
"word": "overabuse"
},
{
"word": "reabuse"
},
{
"word": "unabusing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "abusen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English abusen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "abuser"
},
"expansion": "Middle French abuser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "abūsus",
"4": "",
"5": "misused, using up"
},
"expansion": "Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "abuses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "abusing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "abused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "abused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"abuse"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "abusive"
},
{
"word": "abusively"
},
{
"word": "abusiveness"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He abused his authority.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:",
"text": "This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"
],
"links": [
[
"misapply",
"misapply"
],
[
"improperly",
"improperly"
],
[
"pervert",
"pervert"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:",
"text": "And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."
],
"links": [
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"maltreat",
"maltreat"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"cruelty",
"cruelty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "maltreat"
},
{
"word": "injure"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 14, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "The […] tellers of news abused the general.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:",
"text": "But ever and always curse him and abuse him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199",
"text": "So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus."
},
{
"ref": "2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:",
"text": "However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."
],
"links": [
[
"coarse",
"coarse"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
],
[
"revile",
"revile"
],
[
"malign",
"malign"
],
[
"disparage",
"disparage"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage."
],
"senseid": [
"en:insult"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "revile"
},
{
"word": "reproach"
},
{
"word": "vilify"
},
{
"word": "vituperate"
},
{
"word": "offend"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive verbs",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:",
"text": "Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:",
"text": "This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:",
"text": "Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."
],
"links": [
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"defile",
"defile"
],
[
"rape",
"rape"
],
[
"masturbate",
"masturbate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:",
"text": "Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Misrepresent; adulterate."
],
"links": [
[
"adulterate",
"adulterate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."
],
"links": [
[
"deceive",
"deceive"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"impose",
"impose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs",
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"Disuse."
],
"links": [
[
"Disuse",
"disuse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjuːz/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈbjuz/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "əbyo͞oz'",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-abuse-verb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːz"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čʻarašahel",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "չարաշահել"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusatu"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zloupotrebjávam",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "злоупотребя́вам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "濫用"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lànyòng",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "滥用"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misbruge"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misbruiken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "verkeerd gebruiken"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misuzi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "mistrakti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "väärinkäyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "missbrauchen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "nitzél l'rá'a",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "ניצל לרעה"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "menyalahgunakan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusare"
},
{
"alt": "らんようする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ran'yō suru",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "濫用する"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuza"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuzá"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ləəhlməəh",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "លើសល្មើស"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abūtor"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "piknaudžiauti"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuséieren"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "raukoti"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "misbruke"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "abuza"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotrebljátʹ",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "злоупотребля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zloupotrebítʹ",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "злоупотреби́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "злоупотребити"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "zloupotrebiti"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "missbruka"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "utnyttja"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžyváty",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зловжива́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zlovžýty",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зловжи́ти"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "lạm dụng"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "migebön"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to use improperly",
"word": "slanön"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔāḏā",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "آذَى"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusatu"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdzjékavacca",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "здзе́кавацца"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nüèdài",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "虐待"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "摧殘"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cuīcán",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "摧残"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "mishandle"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "mishandelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "pahoinpidellä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "missbrauchen"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "ganaitjan",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "anamahtjan",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hitalél",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "התעלל"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "misþyrma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusare"
},
{
"alt": "こくしする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokushi suru",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "酷使する"
},
{
"alt": "ぎゃくたいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gyakutai suru",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "虐待する"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "piənpiə",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "ពានពារ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑmpiə",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "បំពារ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑmpiən",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "បំពាន"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "បង្គ្រប"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "whakakinokino"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "sexually",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "taitōkai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "tūkino"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "maukino"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "raukoti"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "mishandle"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "maltretować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zmaltretować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "znęcać się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izdevátʹsja",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "издева́ться"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "злостављати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "zlostavljati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "misshandla"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "znuščátysja",
"sense": "to hurt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "знуща́тися"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to hurt",
"word": "bạo hành"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔahāna",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "أَهَانَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "sabba",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "سَبَّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šatama",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "شَتَمَ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abražácʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "абража́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abrázicʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "абра́зіць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskǎrbjávam",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оскърбя́вам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "oskǎrbjá",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оскърбя́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obíždam",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оби́ждам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obídja",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оби́дя"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "辱罵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "rǔmà",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "辱骂"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wǔrǔ",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "侮辱"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "beschimpen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "uitschelden"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "insulti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "herjata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "solvata"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "beschimpfen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "beleidigen"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "loidoréō",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "λοιδορέω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hishtaléakh",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "השתלח"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "burā bhalā kahnā",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "बुरा भला कहना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "gālī denā",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "गाली देना"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "maslaigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "insultare"
},
{
"alt": "ののしる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nonoshiru",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "罵る"
},
{
"alt": "ばとうする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "batō suru",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "罵倒する"
},
{
"alt": "ぶじょくする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujoku suru",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "侮辱する"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "abuza"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "abuzá"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "moyokhada",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "모욕하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "įžeidinėti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "whakamanioro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "whakamania"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "skjelle ut"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "misbēodan"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "insultar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "ultrajar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "afrontar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "ofender"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskorbljátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "оскорбля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oskorbítʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оскорби́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obižátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обижа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obídetʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "оби́деть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rugátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "руга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obrugátʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "обруга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "materítʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "матери́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obmaterítʹ",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "обматери́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "vrijeđati"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "psovati"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "obražáty",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "обража́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryhnóbljuvaty",
"sense": "to insult",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пригно́блювати"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "lenofön"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "nofön"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to insult",
"word": "lunofön"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended",
"word": "väärinkäyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "iḡtaṣaba",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "اِغْتَصَبَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "intahaka",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "اِنْتَهَكَ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hvaltavácʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гвалтава́ць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zhvaltavácʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "згвалтава́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iznasílvam",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "изнаси́лвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iznasílja",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изнаси́ля"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "violar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "摧殘"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cuīcán",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "摧残"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "voldtage"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "misbruiken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "onteren"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "verkrachten"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "raiskata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "vergewaltigen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "missbrauchen"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "violentare"
},
{
"alt": "せいてきぎゃくたいする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seitekigyakutai suru",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "性的虐待する"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gangganhada",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "강간하다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seongpokhaenghada",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "성폭행하다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "pāwhera"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abuser"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "voldta"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "valdta"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "gwałcić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zgwałcić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "abusar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nasílovatʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "наси́ловать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iznasílovatʹ",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "изнаси́ловать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "violar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to rape",
"word": "våldta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "гвалтува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zhvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "згвалтува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "gvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ґвалтува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zgvaltuváty",
"sense": "to rape",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зґвалтува́ти"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵadaʕa",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "خَدَعَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡašša",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "غَشَّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḍallala",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "ضَلَّلَ"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "väärinkäyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "käyttää hyväksi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "ingannare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "obloquor"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "enganar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to deceive",
"word": "engañar"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"categories": [
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],
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"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abuser"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abuser:",
"first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"abuser",
"abuser#French"
]
],
"tags": [
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"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
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}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abuser:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"abuser",
"abuser#French"
]
],
"tags": [
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"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"word": "abuse"
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{
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"forms": [
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"head_templates": [
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"2": "participle form",
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],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin participle forms",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"abusus#Latin"
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],
"tags": [
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}
],
"word": "abuse"
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{
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"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "abuse",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/use",
"Rhymes:Spanish/use/3 syllables",
"Spanish 3-syllable words",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "abuse",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"a‧bu‧se"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"first/third-person singular present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "abusar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of abusar:",
"third-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"abusar",
"abusar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aˈbuse/"
},
{
"ipa": "[aˈβ̞u.se]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-use"
}
],
"word": "abuse"
}
Download raw JSONL data for abuse meaning in All languages combined (64.8kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Northern-Ireland not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-Korea not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms prefixed with ab-\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Interlingua translations\", \"Requests for review of Romanian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs\", \"Rhymes:English/uːs/2 syllables\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latgalian translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abuseful\"}, {\"word\": \"abusefully\"}, {\"word\": \"abuseless\"}, {\"word\": \"abusement\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of discretion\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of distress\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of notation\"}, {\"word\": \"abuse of process\"}, {\"word\": \"alcohol abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"antiabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"child abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"dog's abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"drug abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"elder abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"polyabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"racket abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"re-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"satanic ritual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"self-abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sex abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"sexual abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"solvent abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"substance abuse\"}, {\"word\": \"tech abuse\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"abus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"improper use\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French abus (“improper use”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ab\", \"3\": \"use\"}, \"expansion\": \"ab- + use\", \"name\": \"prefix\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, then from either Old French abus (“improper use”), or from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“make improper use of, consume, abuse”), from ab (“away”) + ūtor (“to use”). Equivalent to ab- + use.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (countable and uncountable, plural abuses)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"ab‧use\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"human rights abuses\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"All abuse, whether physical, verbal, psychological or sexual, is bad.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1948, W. R. Inge, The End of an Age and Other Essays:\", \"text\": \"Dickens was careful to castigate abuses which were being reformed.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Improper treatment or usage; application to a wrong or bad purpose; an unjust, corrupt or wrongful practice or custom.\"], \"links\": [[\"Improper\", \"improper\"], [\"treatment\", \"treatment\"], [\"usage\", \"usage\"], [\"purpose\", \"purpose\"], [\"unjust\", \"unjust\"], [\"corrupt\", \"corrupt\"], [\"wrongful\", \"wrongful\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusage\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1788, James Madison, Federalist, Number 63:\", \"text\": \"Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well as by the abuses of power.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2012 March-April, Jan Sapp, “Race Finished”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 164:\", \"text\": \"Few concepts are as emotionally charged as that of race. The word conjures up a mixture of associations—culture, ethnicity, genetics, subjugation, exclusion and persecution. But is the tragic history of efforts to define groups of people by race really a matter of the misuse of science, the abuse of a valid biological concept?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misuse; improper use; perversion.\"], \"links\": [[\"Misuse\", \"misuse\"], [\"perversion\", \"perversion\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1601, William Shakespeare, Hamlet, act IV, scene VII:\", \"text\": \"Or is it some abuse, and no such thing?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"links\": [[\"delusion\", \"delusion\"], [\"imposture\", \"imposture\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A delusion; an imposture; misrepresentation; deception.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"obsolete\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The history of England: from the accession of James the Second, volume 9, page 153:\", \"text\": \"The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came to blows.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1950 February 11, Alhaji Na-Alhaji, Gaskiya Fa Ti Kwabo:\", \"text\": \"But he and all the southerners who indulge in this abuse in the newspapers should realize that this will not enable us to find a solution to our problem but will merely aggravate it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “Coronavirus: Teenage girls arrested after 'abusing Chinese people wearing face masks in racially-motivated attack'”, in The Independent:\", \"text\": \"The pair – aged 14 and 15 years old – have been accused of assaulting and shouting abuse at four people in central Southampton, police have said.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Coarse, insulting speech; abusive language; language that unjustly or angrily vilifies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insulting\", \"insulting\"], [\"abusive\", \"abusive\"], [\"vilifies\", \"vilifies\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"invective\"}, {\"word\": \"contumely\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"scurrility\"}, {\"word\": \"insult\"}, {\"word\": \"opprobrium\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with rare senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Catachresis.\"], \"links\": [[\"Catachresis\", \"catachresis\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(now rare) Catachresis.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"abusio\"}], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Physical maltreatment; injury; cruel treatment.\"], \"links\": [[\"Physical\", \"physical\"], [\"injury\", \"injury\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Violation; defilement; rape; forcing of undesired sexual activity by one person on another, often on a repeated basis.\"], \"links\": [[\"undesired\", \"undesired\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːs/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞os'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjus/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-noun.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/En-us-abuse-noun.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjʉs/\", \"tags\": [\"Northern-Ireland\", \"Scotland\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːs\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṭuḡyān\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"طُغْيَان\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ẓulm\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ظُلْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"jawr\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"جَوْر\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"taʕassuf\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"تَعَسُّف\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"väärinkäytös\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiavimas\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"durupayōgaṁ\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"ദുരുപയോഗം\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"corrupt practice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"alt\": \"isāʔa(t) istiḵdām\", \"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِسَاءَة اِسْتِخْدَام\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sūʔ esteḵdām\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"سوء استخدام\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahum\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"չարաշահում\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"sui-istifadə\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zlaŭžýtak\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"злаўжы́так\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zloŭžyvánnje\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоўжыва́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotréba\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотре́ба\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abús\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫權\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànquán\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥权\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"vanrøgt\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"katáchrisi\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κατάχρηση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzúl l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ניצול לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"durūpyog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"दुरूपयोग\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんよう\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"남용\"}, {\"alt\": \"濫用\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"ramyong\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"North-Korea\"], \"word\": \"람용\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"abūsiō\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"penyalahgunaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abbuż\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"raukotinga\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"nadużycie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"abuz\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotreblénije\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреба\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zloupotreba\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"missbruk\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyvánnja\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"improper usage\", \"word\": \"migeb\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"masabba\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"مَسَبَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شَتِيمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetīma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتيمة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šetma\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شتمة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"viravorankʻ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"վիրավորանք\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"абра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrblénie\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскърбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà, rùmà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhòumà\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"咒骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"beschimpingen\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvang\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"solvaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"herjaus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"insulte\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"offense\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"injure\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beschimpfung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Schmähung\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Beleidigung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vrisiés\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"βρισιές\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtalkhút\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"השתלחות\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"apśabd\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"अपशब्द\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"गाली\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tarcaisne\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"alt\": \"侮辱\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyok\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"모욕\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"sveņtēt\"}, {\"code\": \"ltg\", \"lang\": \"Latgalian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lomuot\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"probrum\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"lamāt\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"navreda\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"навреда\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"kaioraora\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"utskjelling\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"došnâm\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"دشنام\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"obraza\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"zniewaga\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuz verbal\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"jignire verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"ofensă verbală\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorblénije\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"оскорбле́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"branʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"брань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rúganʹ\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ру́гань\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obída\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"оби́да\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"càineadh\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trod\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cronachadh\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"uvreda\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"urážka\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obráza\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"обра́за\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lájka\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ла́йка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"gālī\", \"sense\": \"insulting speech\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"گالی\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔīḏāʔ jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"إِيذَاء جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔizāʔ gasadi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"إيذاء جسدي\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjek\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"здзек\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékvannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кванне\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"jénčannje\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"е́нчанне\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandeling\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pahoinpitely\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abus\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Misshandlung\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kakometacheírisi\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"κακομεταχείριση\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hit'al'lút\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"התעללות\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"misþyrming\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"alt\": \"虐待\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"hakdae\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"학대\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"contumēlia\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"penderaan\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"tūkino ha\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"kaikino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"whakakinonga\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexual (see below)\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"rurerurenga\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"atéʼélʼí\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mishandling\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"znęcanie się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violență\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuz fizic\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátelʹstvo\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"издева́тельство\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"istjazánije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"истяза́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"žestókoje obraščénije\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"жесто́кое обраще́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"napádki\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"напа́дки\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"злостављање\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljanje\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"misshandel\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"word\": \"pagmamalupit\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"narúha\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"нару́га\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščánnja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"знуща́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"žorstóke povódžennja\", \"sense\": \"physical maltreatment\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"жорсто́ке пово́дження\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intihāk jasadiyy\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"اِنْتِهَاك جَسَدِيّ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"seṙakan otnjgutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"սեռական ոտնձգություն\"}, {\"alt\": \"ост.\", \"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvane\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лване\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"zneužití\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"seksuelt misbrug\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"misbruik\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"hyväksikäyttö\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"seksuaalinen väkivalta\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"viol\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Missbrauch\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"t'kifá minít\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"תקיפה מינית\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sessuale\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"violenza carnale\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"voldtekt\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"molestowanie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"violență sexuală\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuz sexual\"}, {\"alt\": \"сексуа́льное\", \"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílije\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"наси́лие\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"abuso sexual\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"abuso\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"sexual violation or assault\", \"word\": \"panggagahasa\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abusability\"}, {\"word\": \"abusable\"}, {\"word\": \"abusage\"}, {\"word\": \"abusee\"}, {\"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"word\": \"coabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"disabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"reabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"unabusing\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abuser\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abuser\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abusing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abused\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abused\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"abuse\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abusive\"}, {\"word\": \"abusively\"}, {\"word\": \"abusiveness\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He abused his authority.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:\", \"text\": \"This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert\"], \"links\": [[\"misapply\", \"misapply\"], [\"improperly\", \"improperly\"], [\"pervert\", \"pervert\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:\", \"text\": \"And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.\"], \"links\": [[\"injure\", \"injure\"], [\"maltreat\", \"maltreat\"], [\"hurt\", \"hurt\"], [\"cruelty\", \"cruelty\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"maltreat\"}, {\"word\": \"injure\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 14, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"The […] tellers of news abused the general.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:\", \"text\": \"But ever and always curse him and abuse him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199\", \"text\": \"So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:\", \"text\": \"However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.\"], \"links\": [[\"coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insult\", \"insult\"], [\"revile\", \"revile\"], [\"malign\", \"malign\"], [\"disparage\", \"disparage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:insult\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"revile\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"vilify\"}, {\"word\": \"vituperate\"}, {\"word\": \"offend\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:\", \"text\": \"Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:\", \"text\": \"This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:\", \"text\": \"Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate.\"], \"links\": [[\"violate\", \"violate\"], [\"defile\", \"defile\"], [\"rape\", \"rape\"], [\"masturbate\", \"masturbate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:\", \"text\": \"Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misrepresent; adulterate.\"], \"links\": [[\"adulterate\", \"adulterate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \\\"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\\\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of.\"], \"links\": [[\"deceive\", \"deceive\"], [\"trick\", \"trick\"], [\"impose\", \"impose\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Scottish English\"], \"glosses\": [\"Disuse.\"], \"links\": [[\"Disuse\", \"disuse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːz/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuz/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞oz'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-verb.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːz\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahel\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"չարաշահել\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusatu\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebjávam\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребя́вам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruge\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"verkeerd gebruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misuzi\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"mistrakti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzél l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"ניצל לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"menyalahgunakan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusare\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんようする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō suru\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"濫用する\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuzá\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"ləəhlməəh\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"លើសល្មើស\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abūtor\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiauti\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuséieren\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"raukoti\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruke\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebljátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребля́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреби́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребити\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"zloupotrebiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"missbruka\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"utnyttja\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyváty\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžýty\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"зловжи́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"lạm dụng\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"migebön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"slanön\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔāḏā\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"آذَى\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusatu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékavacca\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кавацца\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"摧殘\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"cuīcán\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"摧残\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandle\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandelen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"pahoinpidellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ganaitjan\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"anamahtjan\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitalél\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"התעלל\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"misþyrma\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusare\"}, {\"alt\": \"こくしする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kokushi suru\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"酷使する\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたいする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai suru\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"虐待する\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"piənpiə\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"ពានពារ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑmpiə\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បំពារ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑmpiən\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បំពាន\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បង្គ្រប\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"whakakinokino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexually\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"tūkino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"maukino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"raukoti\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandle\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"maltretować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zmaltretować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"znęcać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"издева́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"злостављати\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljati\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"misshandla\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"знуща́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"bạo hành\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔahāna\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"أَهَانَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sabba\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"سَبَّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatama\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"شَتَمَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abražácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"абража́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abrázicʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"абра́зіць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrbjávam\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оскърбя́вам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrbjá\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оскърбя́\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obíždam\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́ждам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obídja\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́дя\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"wǔrǔ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beschimpen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"uitschelden\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insulti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"herjata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"solvata\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beschimpfen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beleidigen\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"loidoréō\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"λοιδορέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtaléakh\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"השתלח\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"burā bhalā kahnā\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"बुरा भला कहना\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī denā\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"गाली देना\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"maslaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insultare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ののしる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"nonoshiru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"罵る\"}, {\"alt\": \"ばとうする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"batō suru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"罵倒する\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょくする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku suru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"侮辱する\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"abuzá\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyokhada\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"모욕하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"įžeidinėti\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"whakamania\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"skjelle ut\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"misbēodan\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insultar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"ultrajar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"afrontar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"ofender\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorbljátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оскорбля́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorbítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оскорби́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obižátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"обижа́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rugátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"руга́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obrugátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"обруга́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"materítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"матери́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obmaterítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"обматери́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"vrijeđati\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"psovati\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obražáty\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"обража́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pryhnóbljuvaty\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пригно́блювати\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"lenofön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"nofön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"lunofön\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"iḡtaṣaba\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"اِغْتَصَبَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intahaka\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"اِنْتَهَكَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"hvaltavácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гвалтава́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zhvaltavácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"згвалтава́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvam\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílja\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́ля\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"摧殘\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"cuīcán\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"摧残\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"voldtage\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"misbruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"onteren\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"verkrachten\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"raiskata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"vergewaltigen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violentare\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいてきぎゃくたいする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seitekigyakutai suru\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"性的虐待する\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gangganhada\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"강간하다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"seongpokhaenghada\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"성폭행하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"pāwhera\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"voldta\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"valdta\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"gwałcić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zgwałcić\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наси́ловать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́ловать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"våldta\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"hvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zhvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"згвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"gvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"ґвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zgvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"зґвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḵadaʕa\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"خَدَعَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḡašša\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"غَشَّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḍallala\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"ضَلَّلَ\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"ingannare\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"enganar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"engañar\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abusability\"}, {\"word\": \"abusable\"}, {\"word\": \"abusage\"}, {\"word\": \"abusee\"}, {\"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"word\": \"coabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"disabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"reabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"unabusing\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abuser\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abuser\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abusing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abused\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abused\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"abuse\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abusive\"}, {\"word\": \"abusively\"}, {\"word\": \"abusiveness\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He abused his authority.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:\", \"text\": \"This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert\"], \"links\": [[\"misapply\", \"misapply\"], [\"improperly\", \"improperly\"], [\"pervert\", \"pervert\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:\", \"text\": \"And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.\"], \"links\": [[\"injure\", \"injure\"], [\"maltreat\", \"maltreat\"], [\"hurt\", \"hurt\"], [\"cruelty\", \"cruelty\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"maltreat\"}, {\"word\": \"injure\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 14, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"The […] tellers of news abused the general.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:\", \"text\": \"But ever and always curse him and abuse him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199\", \"text\": \"So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:\", \"text\": \"However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.\"], \"links\": [[\"coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insult\", \"insult\"], [\"revile\", \"revile\"], [\"malign\", \"malign\"], [\"disparage\", \"disparage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:insult\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"revile\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"vilify\"}, {\"word\": \"vituperate\"}, {\"word\": \"offend\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:\", \"text\": \"Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:\", \"text\": \"This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:\", \"text\": \"Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate.\"], \"links\": [[\"violate\", \"violate\"], [\"defile\", \"defile\"], [\"rape\", \"rape\"], [\"masturbate\", \"masturbate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:\", \"text\": \"Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misrepresent; adulterate.\"], \"links\": [[\"adulterate\", \"adulterate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \\\"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\\\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of.\"], \"links\": [[\"deceive\", \"deceive\"], [\"trick\", \"trick\"], [\"impose\", \"impose\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Scottish English\"], \"glosses\": [\"Disuse.\"], \"links\": [[\"Disuse\", \"disuse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːz/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuz/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞oz'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-verb.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːz\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahel\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"չարաշահել\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusatu\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebjávam\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребя́вам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruge\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"verkeerd gebruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misuzi\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"mistrakti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzél l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"ניצל לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"menyalahgunakan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusare\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんようする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō suru\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"濫用する\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuzá\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"ləəhlməəh\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"លើសល្មើស\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abūtor\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiauti\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuséieren\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"raukoti\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruke\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebljátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребля́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреби́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребити\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"zloupotrebiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"missbruka\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"utnyttja\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyváty\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžýty\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"зловжи́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"lạm dụng\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"migebön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"slanön\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔāḏā\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"آذَى\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusatu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékavacca\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кавацца\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"摧殘\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"cuīcán\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"摧残\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandle\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandelen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"pahoinpidellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ganaitjan\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"anamahtjan\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitalél\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"התעלל\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"misþyrma\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusare\"}, {\"alt\": \"こくしする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kokushi suru\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"酷使する\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたいする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai suru\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"虐待する\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"piənpiə\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"ពានពារ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑmpiə\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បំពារ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑmpiən\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បំពាន\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បង្គ្រប\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"whakakinokino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexually\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"tūkino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"maukino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"raukoti\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandle\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"maltretować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zmaltretować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"znęcać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"издева́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"злостављати\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljati\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"misshandla\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"знуща́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"bạo hành\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔahāna\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"أَهَانَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sabba\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"سَبَّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatama\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"شَتَمَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abražácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"абража́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abrázicʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"абра́зіць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrbjávam\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оскърбя́вам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrbjá\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оскърбя́\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obíždam\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́ждам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obídja\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́дя\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"wǔrǔ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beschimpen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"uitschelden\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insulti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"herjata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"solvata\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beschimpfen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beleidigen\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"loidoréō\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"λοιδορέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtaléakh\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"השתלח\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"burā bhalā kahnā\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"बुरा भला कहना\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī denā\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"गाली देना\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"maslaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insultare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ののしる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"nonoshiru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"罵る\"}, {\"alt\": \"ばとうする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"batō suru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"罵倒する\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょくする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku suru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"侮辱する\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"abuzá\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyokhada\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"모욕하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"įžeidinėti\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"whakamania\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"skjelle ut\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"misbēodan\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insultar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"ultrajar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"afrontar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"ofender\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorbljátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оскорбля́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorbítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оскорби́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obižátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"обижа́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rugátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"руга́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obrugátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"обруга́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"materítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"матери́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obmaterítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"обматери́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"vrijeđati\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"psovati\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obražáty\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"обража́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pryhnóbljuvaty\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пригно́блювати\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"lenofön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"nofön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"lunofön\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"iḡtaṣaba\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"اِغْتَصَبَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intahaka\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"اِنْتَهَكَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"hvaltavácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гвалтава́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zhvaltavácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"згвалтава́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvam\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílja\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́ля\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"摧殘\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"cuīcán\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"摧残\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"voldtage\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"misbruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"onteren\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"verkrachten\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"raiskata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"vergewaltigen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violentare\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいてきぎゃくたいする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seitekigyakutai suru\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"性的虐待する\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gangganhada\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"강간하다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"seongpokhaenghada\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"성폭행하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"pāwhera\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"voldta\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"valdta\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"gwałcić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zgwałcić\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наси́ловать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́ловать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"våldta\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"hvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zhvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"згвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"gvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"ґвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zgvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"зґвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḵadaʕa\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"خَدَعَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḡašša\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"غَشَّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḍallala\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"ضَلَّلَ\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"ingannare\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"enganar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"engañar\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "abuse/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English heteronyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 5 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz\", \"Rhymes:English/uːz/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Gothic translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kabuverdianu translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"en:Violence\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"abusability\"}, {\"word\": \"abusable\"}, {\"word\": \"abusage\"}, {\"word\": \"abusee\"}, {\"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"word\": \"coabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"disabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"overabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"reabuse\"}, {\"word\": \"unabusing\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"abusen\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English abusen\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"abuser\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French abuser\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"abūsus\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"misused, using up\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English abusen, from Middle French abuser, from Latin abūsus (“misused, using up”), perfect active participle of abūtor (“to use up, misuse, consume”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ūtor (“to use”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"abuses\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"abusing\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"abused\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"abused\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"abuse (third-person singular simple present abuses, present participle abusing, simple past and past participle abused)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"abuse\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"abusive\"}, {\"word\": \"abusively\"}, {\"word\": \"abusiveness\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English links with manual fragments\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"He abused his authority.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the fall of Wolsey to the defeat of the Spanish Armada, volume 1, published 1870, page 353:\", \"text\": \"This principle (if we may so abuse the word) shot rapidly into popularity\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert\"], \"links\": [[\"misapply\", \"misapply\"], [\"improperly\", \"improperly\"], [\"pervert\", \"pervert\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To put to a wrong use; to misapply; to use improperly; to use for a wrong purpose or end; to pervert\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1990, R. S. Thomas, At It:\", \"text\": \"And I would have things to say to this God at the judgement, storming at him, as Job stormed with the eloquence of the abused heart.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.\"], \"links\": [[\"injure\", \"injure\"], [\"maltreat\", \"maltreat\"], [\"hurt\", \"hurt\"], [\"cruelty\", \"cruelty\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To injure; to maltreat; to hurt; to treat with cruelty, especially repeatedly.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"maltreat\"}, {\"word\": \"injure\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 14, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"The […] tellers of news abused the general.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1904, W. B. Yeats, The King's Threshold:\", \"text\": \"But ever and always curse him and abuse him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1991, Yakubu Yahaya, quoted in: 2001, Toyin Falola, Violence in Nigeria: The Crisis of Religious Politics and Secular Ideologies, p. 199\", \"text\": \"So we were angered by this and we could not tolerate this one because prophet Mohammed has been abused so many times in this country. Awolowo abused him sometimes ago saying that he was more successful and popular that Mohammed and Jesus.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, “'Our team are here to help, not hurt': Woolworths urge customers not to abuse staff”, in Nine News:\", \"text\": \"However, shortages have seen customers yelling at employees, and abusing staff members as they work frantically to keep up with demand.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.\"], \"links\": [[\"coarse\", \"coarse\"], [\"insult\", \"insult\"], [\"revile\", \"revile\"], [\"malign\", \"malign\"], [\"disparage\", \"disparage\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To attack with coarse language; to insult; to revile; malign; to speak in an offensive manner to or about someone; to disparage.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:insult\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"revile\"}, {\"word\": \"reproach\"}, {\"word\": \"vilify\"}, {\"word\": \"vituperate\"}, {\"word\": \"offend\"}], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended; to intentionally take more of a drug than was prescribed for recreational reasons; to take illegal drugs habitually.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with archaic senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 276:\", \"text\": \"Like Angels life was then mens happy cace;\\nBut later ages pride, like corn-fed ſteed,\\nAbuſd her plenty, and fat ſwolne encreace\\nTo all licentious luſt, and gan exceed\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1722, Onania; or, The Heinous Sin of Self-Pollution, 6th edition, London, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 26:\", \"text\": \"This the Holy Scripture teaches, as expreſly as may be; Neither Fornicators, ſays St. Paul, nor Adulterers, nor the Abominable, ſhall inherit the Kingdom of God; cautioning alſo at the ſame time, that we don’t abuſe our ſelves, nor flatter our ſelves in this Reſpect.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2003, Thomas W. Laqueur, Solitary Sex: A Cultural History of Masturbation, New York: Zone Books, →ISBN, retrieved 2022-02-28, page 14:\", \"text\": \"Through “wantonness,” or just by being “idle and alone,” or by the instruction of intimates, the young learn to abuse themselves without learning how wrong and dangerous it is.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate.\"], \"links\": [[\"violate\", \"violate\"], [\"defile\", \"defile\"], [\"rape\", \"rape\"], [\"masturbate\", \"masturbate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, archaic) To violate; defile; to rape; (reflexive) to masturbate.\"], \"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:\", \"text\": \"Believe me, sir, he hath been abused, grossly abused to you.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Misrepresent; adulterate.\"], \"links\": [[\"adulterate\", \"adulterate\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) Misrepresent; adulterate.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"1651-2, Jeremy Taylor, \\\"Sermon VI, The House of Feasting; or, The Epicures Measures\\\", in The works of Jeremy Taylor, Volume 1, page 283 (1831), edited by Thomas Smart Hughes\\nWhen Cyrus had espied Astyages and his fellows coming drunk from a banquet loaden with variety of follies and filthiness, their legs failing them, their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud and abused by a double object\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of.\"], \"links\": [[\"deceive\", \"deceive\"], [\"trick\", \"trick\"], [\"impose\", \"impose\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To deceive; to trick; to impose on; misuse the confidence of.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Scottish English\"], \"glosses\": [\"Disuse.\"], \"links\": [[\"Disuse\", \"disuse\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete, Scotland) Disuse.\"], \"tags\": [\"Scotland\", \"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuːz/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/əˈbjuz/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"əbyo͞oz'\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-abuse-verb.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-abuse-verb.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-uːz\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔasāʔa istiʕmāla\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"أَسَاءَ اِسْتِعْمَالَ\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"čʻarašahel\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"չարաշահել\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusatu\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebjávam\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребя́вам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"濫用\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lànyòng\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"滥用\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruge\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"verkeerd gebruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misuzi\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"mistrakti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"nitzél l'rá'a\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"ניצל לרעה\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"menyalahgunakan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusare\"}, {\"alt\": \"らんようする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ran'yō suru\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"濫用する\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuzá\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"ləəhlməəh\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"លើសល្មើស\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abūtor\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"piknaudžiauti\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuséieren\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"raukoti\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"misbruke\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebljátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребля́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zloupotrebítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"злоупотреби́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"злоупотребити\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"zloupotrebiti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"missbruka\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"utnyttja\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžyváty\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"зловжива́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zlovžýty\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"зловжи́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"lạm dụng\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"migebön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to use improperly\", \"word\": \"slanön\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔāḏā\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"آذَى\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusatu\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zdzjékavacca\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"здзе́кавацца\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nüèdài\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"虐待\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"摧殘\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"cuīcán\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"摧残\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandle\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandelen\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"pahoinpidellä\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"ganaitjan\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"got\", \"lang\": \"Gothic\", \"roman\": \"anamahtjan\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hitalél\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"התעלל\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"misþyrma\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusare\"}, {\"alt\": \"こくしする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kokushi suru\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"酷使する\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぎゃくたいする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"gyakutai suru\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"虐待する\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"piənpiə\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"ពានពារ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑmpiə\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បំពារ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑmpiən\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បំពាន\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"bɑɑbɑngkrɔɔp\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"បង្គ្រប\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"whakakinokino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"english\": \"sexually\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"taitōkai\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"tūkino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"maukino\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"raukoti\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"mishandle\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"maltretować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zmaltretować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"znęcać się\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"izdevátʹsja\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"издева́ться\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"злостављати\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\"], \"word\": \"zlostavljati\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"misshandla\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"znuščátysja\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"знуща́тися\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to hurt\", \"word\": \"bạo hành\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ʔahāna\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"أَهَانَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"sabba\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"سَبَّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šatama\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"شَتَمَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abražácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"абража́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"abrázicʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"абра́зіць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrbjávam\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оскърбя́вам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"oskǎrbjá\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оскърбя́\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obíždam\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́ждам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"obídja\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́дя\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"辱罵\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"rǔmà\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"辱骂\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"wǔrǔ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"侮辱\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beschimpen\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"uitschelden\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insulti\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"herjata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"solvata\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beschimpfen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"beleidigen\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"loidoréō\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"λοιδορέω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"hishtaléakh\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"השתלח\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"burā bhalā kahnā\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"बुरा भला कहना\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"gālī denā\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"गाली देना\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"maslaigh\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insultare\"}, {\"alt\": \"ののしる\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"nonoshiru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"罵る\"}, {\"alt\": \"ばとうする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"batō suru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"罵倒する\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぶじょくする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"bujoku suru\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"侮辱する\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"abuza\"}, {\"code\": \"kea\", \"lang\": \"Kabuverdianu\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"abuzá\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"moyokhada\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"모욕하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"įžeidinėti\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"whakamanioro\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"whakamania\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"skjelle ut\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"misbēodan\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"insultar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"ultrajar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"afrontar\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"ofender\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorbljátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"оскорбля́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"oskorbítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оскорби́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obižátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"обижа́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obídetʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"оби́деть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"rugátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"руга́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obrugátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"обруга́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"materítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"матери́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"obmaterítʹ\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"обматери́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"vrijeđati\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"psovati\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"obražáty\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"обража́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pryhnóbljuvaty\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"пригно́блювати\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"lenofön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"nofön\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"to insult\", \"word\": \"lunofön\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to imbibe a drug for a purpose other than it was intended\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"iḡtaṣaba\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"اِغْتَصَبَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"intahaka\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"اِنْتَهَكَ\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"hvaltavácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гвалтава́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"zhvaltavácʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"згвалтава́ць\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílvam\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́лвам\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílja\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́ля\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violar\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"摧殘\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"cuīcán\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"摧残\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"voldtage\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"misbruiken\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"onteren\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"verkrachten\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"raiskata\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"vergewaltigen\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"missbrauchen\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violentare\"}, {\"alt\": \"せいてきぎゃくたいする\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"seitekigyakutai suru\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"性的虐待する\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gangganhada\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"강간하다\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"seongpokhaenghada\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"성폭행하다\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"pāwhera\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abuser\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"voldta\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"valdta\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"gwałcić\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zgwałcić\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"abusar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"nasílovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"наси́ловать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"iznasílovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"изнаси́ловать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"violar\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"word\": \"våldta\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"hvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"гвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zhvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"згвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"gvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"ґвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zgvaltuváty\", \"sense\": \"to rape\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"зґвалтува́ти\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḵadaʕa\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"خَدَعَ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḡašša\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"غَشَّ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ḍallala\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"ضَلَّلَ\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"väärinkäyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"käyttää hyväksi\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"ingannare\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"obloquor\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"enganar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to deceive\", \"word\": \"engañar\"}], \"word\": \"abuse\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "abuse",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.