"revile" meaning in All languages combined

See revile on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ɹəˈvaɪl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-revile.wav
Rhymes: -aɪl Etymology: From Middle English revilen, from re + Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”), from a- (“to”) + vil (“vile, cheap”); see vile. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|revilen}} Middle English revilen, {{uder|en|fro|aviler||to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem}} Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”) Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} revile (uncountable)
  1. (obsolete) reproach; reviling Tags: obsolete, uncountable Translations (reproach): хокане (hokane) [neuter] (Bulgarian), reprochar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-revile-en-noun-yAKPUrYU

Verb [English]

IPA: /ɹəˈvaɪl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-revile.wav Forms: reviles [present, singular, third-person], reviling [participle, present], reviled [participle, past], reviled [past]
Rhymes: -aɪl Etymology: From Middle English revilen, from re + Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”), from a- (“to”) + vil (“vile, cheap”); see vile. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|revilen}} Middle English revilen, {{uder|en|fro|aviler||to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem}} Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} revile (third-person singular simple present reviles, present participle reviling, simple past and past participle reviled)
  1. (transitive, intransitive) To attack (someone) with abusive language. Tags: intransitive, transitive Synonyms: defame Translations (to attack with abusive language): λοιδορέω (loidoréō) (Ancient Greek), βλασφημέω (blasphēméō) (Ancient Greek), κακορροθέω (kakorrhothéō) (Ancient Greek), ругая (rugaja) (Bulgarian), хокам (hokam) (Bulgarian), insultar (Catalan), 斥責 (Chinese Mandarin), 斥责 (chìzé) (Chinese Mandarin), 辱罵 (Chinese Mandarin), 辱骂 (rǔmà) (Chinese Mandarin), 謾罵 (Chinese Mandarin), 谩骂 (mànmà) (Chinese Mandarin), uitschelden (Dutch), insulti (Esperanto), herjata (Finnish), solvata (Finnish), insulter (French), insultar (Galician), schmähen (German), beschimpfen (German), verunglimpfen (German), stänkern gegen (German), 𐌹𐌳𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (idweitjan) (Gothic), ócsárol (Hungarian), szidalmaz (Hungarian), becsmérel (Hungarian), gyaláz (Hungarian), sérteget (Hungarian), pocskondiáz (Hungarian), insultar (Ido), imdhearg (Irish), insultare (Italian), vituperare (Italian), whakarihariha (Maori), piętnować [imperfective] (Polish), napiętnować [perfective] (Polish), lżyć [imperfective] (Polish), zelżyć [perfective] (Polish), insultar (Portuguese), ocărî (Romanian), huli (Romanian), поноси́ть (ponosítʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), पीयति (pīyati) (Sanskrit), insultar (Spanish), putear (english: Am.) (Spanish), smäda (Swedish), skymfa (Swedish), håna (Swedish), åkväda (Swedish), cem (White Hmong)
    Sense id: en-revile-en-verb-KmRo9a65 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English undefined derivations, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Gothic translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sanskrit translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with White Hmong translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 9 91 Disambiguation of English undefined derivations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 22 78 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 18 82 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 19 81 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Gothic translations: 10 90 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 11 89 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Sanskrit translations: 13 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 12 88 Disambiguation of Terms with White Hmong translations: 2 98

Inflected forms

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    {
      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "Middle English revilen",
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        "3": "aviler",
        "4": "",
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      },
      "expansion": "Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”)",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English revilen, from re + Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”), from a- (“to”) + vil (“vile, cheap”); see vile.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "reviles",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reviling",
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        "participle",
        "present"
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      "form": "reviled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
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        "past"
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
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      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Peter 2:23:",
          "text": "who, when he was reviled, reviled not again",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:",
          "text": "And did not she herself revile me there?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To attack (someone) with abusive language."
      ],
      "id": "en-revile-en-verb-KmRo9a65",
      "links": [
        [
          "transitive",
          "transitive"
        ],
        [
          "intransitive",
          "intransitive"
        ],
        [
          "attack",
          "attack"
        ],
        [
          "abusive",
          "abusive"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, intransitive) To attack (someone) with abusive language."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "defame"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "rugaja",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "ругая"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "hokam",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "хокам"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insultar"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "斥責"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "chìzé",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "斥责"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "辱罵"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "rǔmà",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "辱骂"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "謾罵"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mànmà",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "谩骂"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "uitschelden"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insulti"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "herjata"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "solvata"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insulter"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insultar"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "schmähen"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "beschimpfen"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "verunglimpfen"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "stänkern gegen"
        },
        {
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "idweitjan",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "𐌹𐌳𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "loidoréō",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "λοιδορέω"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "blasphēméō",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "βλασφημέω"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "kakorrhothéō",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "κακορροθέω"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "ócsárol"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "szidalmaz"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "becsmérel"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "gyaláz"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "sérteget"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "pocskondiáz"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insultar"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "imdhearg"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insultare"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "vituperare"
        },
        {
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "whakarihariha"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "piętnować"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "napiętnować"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "lżyć"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zelżyć"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insultar"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "ocărî"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "huli"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ponosítʹ",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "поноси́ть"
        },
        {
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "pīyati",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "पीयति"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "insultar"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "english": "Am.",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "putear"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "smäda"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "skymfa"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "håna"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "åkväda"
        },
        {
          "code": "mww",
          "lang": "White Hmong",
          "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
          "word": "cem"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹəˈvaɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪl"
    },
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  "word": "revile"
}

{
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      "expansion": "Middle English revilen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
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        "2": "fro",
        "3": "aviler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”)",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English revilen, from re + Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”), from a- (“to”) + vil (“vile, cheap”); see vile.",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
          "text": "The gracious Judge, without revile, replied.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reproach; reviling"
      ],
      "id": "en-revile-en-noun-yAKPUrYU",
      "links": [
        [
          "reproach",
          "reproach"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) reproach; reviling"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "hokane",
          "sense": "reproach",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "хокане"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "reproach",
          "word": "reprochar"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹəˈvaɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-revile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "revile"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪl",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪl/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Gothic translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with White Hmong translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "revilen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English revilen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "aviler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”)",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English revilen, from re + Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”), from a- (“to”) + vil (“vile, cheap”); see vile.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "reviles",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reviling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reviled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reviled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "revile (third-person singular simple present reviles, present participle reviling, simple past and past participle reviled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Peter 2:23:",
          "text": "who, when he was reviled, reviled not again",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1594 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:",
          "text": "And did not she herself revile me there?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To attack (someone) with abusive language."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "transitive",
          "transitive"
        ],
        [
          "intransitive",
          "intransitive"
        ],
        [
          "attack",
          "attack"
        ],
        [
          "abusive",
          "abusive"
        ],
        [
          "language",
          "language"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, intransitive) To attack (someone) with abusive language."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹəˈvaɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-revile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "defame"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "rugaja",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "ругая"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "hokam",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "хокам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insultar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "斥責"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "chìzé",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "斥责"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "辱罵"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "rǔmà",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "辱骂"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "謾罵"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mànmà",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "谩骂"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "uitschelden"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insulti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "herjata"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "solvata"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insulter"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insultar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "schmähen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "beschimpfen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "verunglimpfen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "stänkern gegen"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "idweitjan",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "𐌹𐌳𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "loidoréō",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "λοιδορέω"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "blasphēméō",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "βλασφημέω"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "kakorrhothéō",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "κακορροθέω"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "ócsárol"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "szidalmaz"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "becsmérel"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "gyaláz"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "sérteget"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "pocskondiáz"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insultar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "imdhearg"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insultare"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "vituperare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "whakarihariha"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "piętnować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "napiętnować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "lżyć"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zelżyć"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insultar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "ocărî"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "huli"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ponosítʹ",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "поноси́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "pīyati",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "पीयति"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "insultar"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "english": "Am.",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "putear"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "smäda"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "skymfa"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "håna"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "åkväda"
    },
    {
      "code": "mww",
      "lang": "White Hmong",
      "sense": "to attack with abusive language",
      "word": "cem"
    }
  ],
  "word": "revile"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪl",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪl/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Gothic translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with White Hmong translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "revilen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English revilen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "aviler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”)",
      "name": "uder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English revilen, from re + Old French aviler (“to make vile or cheap, disprize, disesteem”), from a- (“to”) + vil (“vile, cheap”); see vile.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "revile (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
          "text": "The gracious Judge, without revile, replied.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reproach; reviling"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reproach",
          "reproach"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) reproach; reviling"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɹəˈvaɪl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-revile.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-revile.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "hokane",
      "sense": "reproach",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "хокане"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "reproach",
      "word": "reprochar"
    }
  ],
  "word": "revile"
}

Download raw JSONL data for revile meaning in All languages combined (12.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
  "msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": not to confuse with a homonymous pf. verb vs. ponosítʹ",
  "path": [
    "revile"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "revile",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.