"外人" meaning in All languages combined

See 外人 on Wiktionary

Noun [Chinese]

IPA: /waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/ [Hakka, Miaoli, Neipu, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /ŋoi³³ ŋin⁵⁵/ [Hailu, Hakka, Sinological-IPA, Zhudong], /kuei¹¹ naŋ¹³/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /kuei²¹ naŋ²⁴/ [Puxian-Min, Sinological-IPA], /ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Xiamen], /ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Quanzhou], /ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Taipei], /ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Zhangzhou], /ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung, Min-Nan], /ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Xiamen], /ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/ [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Zhangzhou], /waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/, /ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/, /ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/, /ŋoi³³ ŋin⁵⁵/, /kuei¹¹ naŋ¹³/, /kuei²¹ naŋ²⁴/, /ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/, /ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/, /ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/, /ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/, /ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/, /ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/, /ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/ Chinese transliterations: wàirén [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo], ngoi⁶ jan⁴ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ngoi-ngìn [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], ngoi^˖ ngin [Hailu, Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System], guei⁵ nang² [Puxian-Min], gōa-lâng, gōa-lîn, gōa-jîn, wàirén [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], wàirén [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], wai⁴-jên² [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], wài-rén [Mandarin, Yale, standard], wayren [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], вайжэнь [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], vajžɛnʹ [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], ngoih yàhn [Cantonese, Yale], ngoi⁶ jan⁴ [Cantonese, Pinyin], ngoi⁶ yen⁴ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], ngoi-ngìn [Hakka, Miaoli, Neipu, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], ngoi^ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Miaoli, Neipu, Sixian], nginˇ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Miaoli, Neipu, Sixian], ngoi⁴ ngin² [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Miaoli, Neipu, Sixian], ngoi^˖ ngin [Hailu, Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Zhudong], guei⁵ nang² [Puxian-Min], gōi-náng [Puxian-Min], guei⁵ nang² [Puxian-Min], gōa-lâng [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], guā-lâng [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], goaxlaang [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun], gōa-lîn [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], guā-lîn [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], goaxliin [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun], gōa-jîn [Hokkien, Min-Nan, POJ], guā-jîn [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Tai-lo], goaxjiin [Hokkien, Min-Nan, Phofsit-Daibuun], ngwajH nyin [Middle-Chinese], /*[ŋ]ʷˤa[t]-s ni[ŋ]/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*ŋʷaːds njin/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{head|zh|noun}} 外人
  1. non-family member
    Sense id: en-外人-zh-noun-c978vm9d Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 48 9 43
  2. outsider; stranger
    Sense id: en-外人-zh-noun-1oSH4ly~
  3. foreigner
    Sense id: en-外人-zh-noun-qTkQByOd Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 48 9 43 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 22 7 39 6 8 12 5 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 30 4 46 4 5 8 3 Synonyms (foreigner): , 夷人, 外夷, 四夷, 胡人, 外國人, 外賓, 洋人, Beijing, 老外, 色糖, Taiwan, Harbin, Singapore, Tianjin, Jinan, Yantai [Muping], Luoyang, 洋鬼子, Wanrong, Xi'an, Yanqi, Xuzhou, Sokuluk (alt: Gansu Dungan), Yinchuan, Lanzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Guiyang, Kunming, 洋老咪, Guilin, Liuzhou, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Guangzhou, 老番, Hong Kong, Taishan, Dongguan, 番鬼佬, 鬼佬, Qinzhou, 外國佬, Beihai (alt: Qiaogang - Cô Tô), 老番鬼, Beihai (alt: Qiaogang - Cát Bà), Singapore [Guangfu], Ho Chi Minh City [Guangfu], Móng Cái, Yangon [Taishan], 紅毛鬼, Mandalay [Taishan], Nanchang, Pengze, Lichuan, Pingxiang, Meixian, 番人, 番仔, 番鬼, Yudu, Miaoli (alt: N. Sixian), Pingtung (alt: Neipu; S. Sixian), Hsinchu County [Hailu, Zhudong], Taichung [Dabu, Dongshi], Hsinchu County [Qionglin, Raoping], Yunlin [Lunbei, Zhao'an], Jixi, Taiyuan, Xinzhou, Jian'ou, Fuzhou, 番儂, 番囝, 番囝哥, Xiamen, 外國儂, Quanzhou, Hui'an, 外國仔, Zhangzhou, Singapore [Hokkien], Manila [Hokkien], Shantou, Jieyang, 番囝鬼, Singapore [Teochew], 外地儂, Leizhou, 番邦儂, Putian, Xianyou, Nanping (alt: Wangtai, Yanping), Zhongshan (alt: Sanxiang), Nanning [Tingzi], Shanghai, 外頭人, Shanghai [Chongming], Suzhou, Danyang, Hangzhou, 外國佬兒, Wenzhou, Jinhua, 洋鬼子兒, Changsha, 洋人子, Loudi, Terms that include 鬼 and, or 番 are potentially derogatory Disambiguation of 'foreigner': 1 35 65
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 生人 (shēngrén), 生份人 [Hakka, Hokkien], 生保人 [Cantonese], 生頭人 (Ningbonese), 生头人 (Ningbonese), 過路人 (guòlùrén) [figuratively], 过路人 (guòlùrén) [figuratively], 陌生人 (mòshēngrén), 陌路 (mòlù) [literary] Related terms: 內人 (nèirén), 内人 (nèirén)
Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [ɡa̠iʑĩɴ] Forms: 外人 [canonical] (ruby: (がい), (じん)), gaijin [romanization], gwaizin [romanization], ぐゎいじん [hiragana, historical]
Etymology: /ɡwaizin/ → /ɡaidʑin/ Ultimately from Middle Chinese 外人 (MC ngwajH nyin), literally “outside person, outsider”. First attested in the late 900s, with the sense developing from the late 1800s to refer to “foreigner”. Etymology templates: {{der|ja|ltc|-}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|外人}} 外人 (MC ngwajH nyin) Head templates: {{ja-noun|がいじん|hhira=ぐゎいじん}} 外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)
  1. (obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-外人-ja-noun-rpoSWydl
  2. (sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan Tags: derogatory, sometimes
    Sense id: en-外人-ja-noun-wxKwyQWP
  3. (Hawaii) A white person Tags: Hawaii
    Sense id: en-外人-ja-noun-6BqQNocK Categories (other): Hawaiian Japanese, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 2 kanji, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 23 17 34 26 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 23 16 35 26 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 23 16 35 25 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 2 kanji: 23 16 35 25 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 23 16 35 25 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 23 16 35 26 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 31 22 48
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 異人 (ijin) (ruby: (), (じん)), 外国人 (gaikokujin) (ruby: (がい), (こく), (じん)), 異国人 (ikokujin) (ruby: (), (こく), (じん)), 異邦人 (ihōjin) (ruby: (), (ほう), (じん))
Etymology number: 1 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 Derived forms: 外人売り (gaijin uri) (ruby: (がい), (じん), ()), 外人買い (gaijin gai) (ruby: (がい), (じん), ()), 外人記者 (gaijin kisha) (ruby: (がい), (じん), (), (しゃ)), 外人さん (gaijin-san) (ruby: (がい), (じん)), 外人選手 (gaijin senshu) (ruby: (がい), (じん), (せん), (しゅ)), 外人投資家 (gaijin tōshika) (ruby: (がい), (じん), (とう), (), ()), 外人部隊 (gaijin butai) (ruby: (がい), (じん), (), (たい)), 外人向き (gaijin muki) (ruby: (がい), (じん), ()), 外人向け (gaijin muke) (ruby: (がい), (じん), ()), 内外人 (naigaijin) (ruby: (ない), (がい), (じん)), 外人ハンター (gaijin hantā) (ruby: (がい), (じん))

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [ɯ̟to̞kʲi çito̞] Forms: 外人 [canonical] (ruby: (うとき), (ひと)), utoki hito [romanization]
Etymology: Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”). Obsolete usage, reflecting unstandardized orthography with inflecting word endings omitted from the spellings. Head templates: {{ja-noun|うとき ひと}} 外(うとき)人(ひと) • (utoki hito)
  1. (obsolete) an estranged or unfamiliar person Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-外人-ja-noun-quv7CETj
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2 Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0

Noun [Korean]

Forms: oein [romanization], 외인 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hj|hangeul=외인}} 外人 • (oein) (hangeul 외인)
  1. hanja form of 외인 (“foreigner, alien”) Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: 외인 (extra: foreigner, alien)
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "zìjǐrén",
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “non-family member”",
      "word": "自己人"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "zh",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "zh:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "外人",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "nèirén",
      "word": "內人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "nèirén",
      "word": "内人"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 9 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "non-family member"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-zh-noun-c978vm9d",
      "links": [
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outsider; stranger"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-zh-noun-1oSH4ly~",
      "links": [
        [
          "outsider",
          "outsider"
        ],
        [
          "stranger",
          "stranger"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 9 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 7 39 6 8 12 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 4 46 4 5 8 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "foreigner"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-zh-noun-qTkQByOd",
      "links": [
        [
          "foreigner",
          "foreigner"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "夷"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "夷人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外夷"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "四夷"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "胡人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外國人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外賓"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "洋人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Beijing"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "老外"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "色糖"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Taiwan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Harbin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Tianjin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Jinan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Muping"
          ],
          "word": "Yantai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Luoyang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "洋鬼子"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Wanrong"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Xi'an"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Yanqi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Xuzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "Gansu Dungan",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Sokuluk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Yinchuan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Lanzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Chengdu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Wuhan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Guiyang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Kunming"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "洋老咪"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Guilin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Liuzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Nanjing"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Yangzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Guangzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "老番"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Hong Kong"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Taishan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Dongguan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番鬼佬"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "鬼佬"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Qinzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外國佬"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "Qiaogang - Cô Tô",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Beihai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "老番鬼"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "Qiaogang - Cát Bà",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Beihai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Guangfu"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Guangfu"
          ],
          "word": "Ho Chi Minh City"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Móng Cái"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Taishan"
          ],
          "word": "Yangon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "紅毛鬼"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Taishan"
          ],
          "word": "Mandalay"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Nanchang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Pengze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Lichuan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Pingxiang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Meixian"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番仔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番鬼"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Yudu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "N. Sixian",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Miaoli"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Pingtung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Hailu",
            "Zhudong"
          ],
          "word": "Hsinchu County"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Dabu",
            "Dongshi"
          ],
          "word": "Taichung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Qionglin",
            "Raoping"
          ],
          "word": "Hsinchu County"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Lunbei",
            "Zhao'an"
          ],
          "word": "Yunlin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Jixi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Taiyuan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Xinzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Jian'ou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Fuzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番儂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番囝"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番囝哥"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Xiamen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外國儂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Quanzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Hui'an"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外國仔"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Zhangzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Hokkien"
          ],
          "word": "Manila"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Shantou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Jieyang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番囝鬼"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Teochew"
          ],
          "word": "Singapore"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外地儂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Leizhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "番邦儂"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Putian"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Xianyou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "Wangtai, Yanping",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Nanping"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "alt": "Sanxiang",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Zhongshan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Tingzi"
          ],
          "word": "Nanning"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Shanghai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外頭人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "tags": [
            "Chongming"
          ],
          "word": "Shanghai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Suzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Danyang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Hangzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "外國佬兒"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Wenzhou"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Jinhua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "洋鬼子兒"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Changsha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "洋人子"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Loudi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "Terms that include 鬼 and"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 35 65",
          "sense": "foreigner",
          "word": "or 番 are potentially derogatory"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàirén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi^˖ ngin"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guei⁵ nang²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàirén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàirén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wai⁴-jên²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wài-rén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wayren"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "вайжэнь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "vajžɛnʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoih yàhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ yen⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi^"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nginˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁴ ngin²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Zhudong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi^˖ ngin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi³³ ŋin⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Zhudong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing",
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guei⁵ nang²"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hinghwa-Romanized",
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōi-náng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei¹¹ naŋ¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing",
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guei⁵ nang²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei²¹ naŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guā-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goaxlaang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guā-lîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goaxliin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guā-jîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goaxjiin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngwajH nyin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[ŋ]ʷˤa[t]-s ni[ŋ]/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ gōa-lîn /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi³³ ŋin⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei¹¹ naŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei²¹ naŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ŋ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[t]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ŋ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "shēngrén",
      "word": "生人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "生份人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "生保人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Ningbonese",
      "word": "生頭人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Ningbonese",
      "word": "生头人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòlùrén",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "過路人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "guòlùrén",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "过路人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mòshēngrén",
      "word": "陌生人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mòlù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "陌路"
    }
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "ja",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "ja:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin uri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "売",
          "う"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人売り"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin gai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "買",
          "が"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人買い"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin kisha",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "記",
          "き"
        ],
        [
          "者",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人記者"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin-san",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人さん"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin senshu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "選",
          "せん"
        ],
        [
          "手",
          "しゅ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人選手"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin tōshika",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "投",
          "とう"
        ],
        [
          "資",
          "し"
        ],
        [
          "家",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人投資家"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin butai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "部",
          "ぶ"
        ],
        [
          "隊",
          "たい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人部隊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin muki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "向",
          "む"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人向き"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin muke",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "向",
          "む"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人向け"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "naigaijin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "内",
          "ない"
        ],
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "内外人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaijin hantā",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人ハンター"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "外人"
      },
      "expansion": "外人 (MC ngwajH nyin)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/ɡwaizin/ → /ɡaidʑin/\nUltimately from Middle Chinese 外人 (MC ngwajH nyin), literally “outside person, outsider”. First attested in the late 900s, with the sense developing from the late 1800s to refer to “foreigner”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "外人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gaijin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gwaizin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐゎいじん",
      "roman": "gwaizin",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "がいじん",
        "hhira": "ぐゎいじん"
      },
      "expansion": "外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "995-999: Fusōshū (volume 9; Gunsho Ruijū volume 8, page 578)",
          "text": "口畔懸河渉漢深。春杉拭盞就花陰。外人傾耳猶添愛、況是堂中父母心。",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "c. 13th century: Heike Monogatari (volume 1, page 123)",
          "text": "しかるに其恩をわすれて、外人もなき所に兵具をとゝのへ、軍兵をかたらひをき、其營みの他は他事なし。",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "c. 1349: Renri Hishō (page 38)",
          "text": "但、外人など上手おほからむ座にては、聊か斟酌すべし",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "1597: Ekirin Setsuyōshū (page 133)",
          "text": "外人 (グワイジン)",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Vocabulary of the Language of Japan",
          "ref": "1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 314:",
          "text": "Guaijin, グヮイジン(外人) Focano fito. (他の人) 他国の人、すなわち、土着の人ではない者.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 73)",
          "text": "外人 (グワイジン) 他人也",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-ja-noun-rpoSWydl",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "1875: 文明論之概略 (page 18)",
          "text": "譬えば頑固なる士民は外国人を悪むを以て常とせり。又学者流の人にても少しく見識ある者は外人の挙動を見て決して心酔するに非ず,之を悦ばざるの心は彼の頑民に異なることなしと云うも可なり。",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-ja-noun-wxKwyQWP",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "alien",
          "alien"
        ],
        [
          "foreigner",
          "foreigner"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hawaiian Japanese",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 17 34 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 35 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 35 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 35 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 35 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 16 35 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 22 48",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A white person"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-ja-noun-6BqQNocK",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Hawaii) A white person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hawaii"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "がいじん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡa̠iʑĩɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ijin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "異",
          "い"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "異人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "gaikokujin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "国",
          "こく"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外国人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ikokujin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "異",
          "い"
        ],
        [
          "国",
          "こく"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "異国人"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "ihōjin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "異",
          "い"
        ],
        [
          "邦",
          "ほう"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "異邦人"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gaijin",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "ja",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "ja:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”).\nObsolete usage, reflecting unstandardized orthography with inflecting word endings omitted from the spellings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "外人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "うとき"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "ひと"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utoki hito",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うとき ひと"
      },
      "expansion": "外(うとき)人(ひと) • (utoki hito)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "text": "c. 11th century: Ruiju Myōgishō\n外人ウトキ人",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an estranged or unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-ja-noun-quv7CETj",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) an estranged or unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟to̞kʲi çito̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gaijin"
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oein",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "외인",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "외인"
      },
      "expansion": "外人 • (oein) (hangeul 외인)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "foreigner, alien",
          "word": "외인"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 외인 (“foreigner, alien”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-外人-ko-noun-i39uMau-",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "외인",
          "외인#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "foreigner",
          "foreigner"
        ],
        [
          "alien",
          "alien"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "zìjǐrén",
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “non-family member”",
      "word": "自己人"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 人",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 外",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Middle Chinese nouns",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese nouns",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zh:People"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "外人",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "nèirén",
      "word": "內人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nèirén",
      "word": "内人"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "non-family member"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "family",
          "family"
        ],
        [
          "member",
          "member"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "outsider; stranger"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "outsider",
          "outsider"
        ],
        [
          "stranger",
          "stranger"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "foreigner"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "foreigner",
          "foreigner"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàirén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi^˖ ngin"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guei⁵ nang²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàirén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàirén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wai⁴-jên²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wài-rén"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wayren"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "вайжэнь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "vajžɛnʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoih yàhn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ yen⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi^"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nginˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi⁴ ngin²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Zhudong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngoi^˖ ngin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi³³ ŋin⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Hakka",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Zhudong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing",
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guei⁵ nang²"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Hinghwa-Romanized",
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōi-náng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei¹¹ naŋ¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Putian"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Pouseng-Ping'ing",
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guei⁵ nang²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei²¹ naŋ²⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Xianyou"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Puxian-Min",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guā-lâng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goaxlaang"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung",
        "Min-Nan"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guā-lîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goaxliin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guā-jîn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goaxjiin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Min-Nan",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngwajH nyin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[ŋ]ʷˤa[t]-s ni[ŋ]/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/ gōa-lîn /"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋoi³³ ŋin⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei¹¹ naŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuei²¹ naŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ŋ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[t]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[ŋ]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "shēngrén",
      "word": "生人"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "生份人"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese"
      ],
      "word": "生保人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Ningbonese",
      "word": "生頭人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Ningbonese",
      "word": "生头人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòlùrén",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "過路人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guòlùrén",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "过路人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mòshēngrén",
      "word": "陌生人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mòlù",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "陌路"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "夷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "夷人"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外夷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "四夷"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "胡人"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外國人"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外賓"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "洋人"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Beijing"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "老外"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "色糖"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Taiwan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Harbin"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Tianjin"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Jinan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Muping"
      ],
      "word": "Yantai"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Luoyang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "洋鬼子"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Wanrong"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Xi'an"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Yanqi"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Xuzhou"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Gansu Dungan",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Sokuluk"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Yinchuan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Lanzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Chengdu"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Wuhan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Guiyang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Kunming"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "洋老咪"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Guilin"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Liuzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Nanjing"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Yangzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Guangzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "老番"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Hong Kong"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Taishan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Dongguan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番鬼佬"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "鬼佬"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Qinzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外國佬"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Qiaogang - Cô Tô",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Beihai"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "老番鬼"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Qiaogang - Cát Bà",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Beihai"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Guangfu"
      ],
      "word": "Ho Chi Minh City"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Móng Cái"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "Yangon"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "紅毛鬼"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Taishan"
      ],
      "word": "Mandalay"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Nanchang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Pengze"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Lichuan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Pingxiang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Meixian"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番人"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番仔"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番鬼"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Yudu"
    },
    {
      "alt": "N. Sixian",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Miaoli"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Neipu; S. Sixian",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Pingtung"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Hailu",
        "Zhudong"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Dabu",
        "Dongshi"
      ],
      "word": "Taichung"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Qionglin",
        "Raoping"
      ],
      "word": "Hsinchu County"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Lunbei",
        "Zhao'an"
      ],
      "word": "Yunlin"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Jixi"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Taiyuan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Xinzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Jian'ou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Fuzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番儂"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番囝"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番囝哥"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Xiamen"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外國儂"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Quanzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Hui'an"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外國仔"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Zhangzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "Manila"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Shantou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Jieyang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番囝鬼"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "word": "Singapore"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外地儂"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Leizhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "番邦儂"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Putian"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Xianyou"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Wangtai, Yanping",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Nanping"
    },
    {
      "alt": "Sanxiang",
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Zhongshan"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Tingzi"
      ],
      "word": "Nanning"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外頭人"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "tags": [
        "Chongming"
      ],
      "word": "Shanghai"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Suzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Danyang"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Hangzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "外國佬兒"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Wenzhou"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Jinhua"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "洋鬼子兒"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Changsha"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "洋人子"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Loudi"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "Terms that include 鬼 and"
    },
    {
      "sense": "foreigner",
      "word": "or 番 are potentially derogatory"
    }
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms historically spelled with ぐゎ",
    "Japanese terms historically spelled with ゎ",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "gaijin uri",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "売",
          "う"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人売り"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin gai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "買",
          "が"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人買い"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin kisha",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "記",
          "き"
        ],
        [
          "者",
          "しゃ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人記者"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin-san",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人さん"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin senshu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "選",
          "せん"
        ],
        [
          "手",
          "しゅ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人選手"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin tōshika",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "投",
          "とう"
        ],
        [
          "資",
          "し"
        ],
        [
          "家",
          "か"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人投資家"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin butai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "部",
          "ぶ"
        ],
        [
          "隊",
          "たい"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人部隊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin muki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "向",
          "む"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人向き"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin muke",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ],
        [
          "向",
          "む"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人向け"
    },
    {
      "roman": "naigaijin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "内",
          "ない"
        ],
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "内外人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaijin hantā",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外人ハンター"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "外人"
      },
      "expansion": "外人 (MC ngwajH nyin)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/ɡwaizin/ → /ɡaidʑin/\nUltimately from Middle Chinese 外人 (MC ngwajH nyin), literally “outside person, outsider”. First attested in the late 900s, with the sense developing from the late 1800s to refer to “foreigner”.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "外人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gaijin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gwaizin",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ぐゎいじん",
      "roman": "gwaizin",
      "tags": [
        "hiragana",
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "がいじん",
        "hhira": "ぐゎいじん"
      },
      "expansion": "外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
        "Japanese terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Portuguese quotations",
        "Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "995-999: Fusōshū (volume 9; Gunsho Ruijū volume 8, page 578)",
          "text": "口畔懸河渉漢深。春杉拭盞就花陰。外人傾耳猶添愛、況是堂中父母心。",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "c. 13th century: Heike Monogatari (volume 1, page 123)",
          "text": "しかるに其恩をわすれて、外人もなき所に兵具をとゝのへ、軍兵をかたらひをき、其營みの他は他事なし。",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "c. 1349: Renri Hishō (page 38)",
          "text": "但、外人など上手おほからむ座にては、聊か斟酌すべし",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "1597: Ekirin Setsuyōshū (page 133)",
          "text": "外人 (グワイジン)",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Vocabulary of the Language of Japan",
          "ref": "1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 314:",
          "text": "Guaijin, グヮイジン(外人) Focano fito. (他の人) 他国の人、すなわち、土着の人ではない者.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 73)",
          "text": "外人 (グワイジン) 他人也",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese derogatory terms",
        "Japanese terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
        "Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "1875: 文明論之概略 (page 18)",
          "text": "譬えば頑固なる士民は外国人を悪むを以て常とせり。又学者流の人にても少しく見識ある者は外人の挙動を見て決して心酔するに非ず,之を悦ばざるの心は彼の頑民に異なることなしと云うも可なり。",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "alien",
          "alien"
        ],
        [
          "foreigner",
          "foreigner"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "sometimes"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hawaiian Japanese"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A white person"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Hawaii) A white person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Hawaii"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "がいじん"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɡa̠iʑĩɴ]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "ijin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "異",
          "い"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "異人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaikokujin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "がい"
        ],
        [
          "国",
          "こく"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "外国人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ikokujin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "異",
          "い"
        ],
        [
          "国",
          "こく"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "異国人"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ihōjin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "異",
          "い"
        ],
        [
          "邦",
          "ほう"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "じん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "異邦人"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gaijin",
    "Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "ja:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”).\nObsolete usage, reflecting unstandardized orthography with inflecting word endings omitted from the spellings.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "外人",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "外",
          "うとき"
        ],
        [
          "人",
          "ひと"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "utoki hito",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "うとき ひと"
      },
      "expansion": "外(うとき)人(ひと) • (utoki hito)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
        "Japanese terms with quotations",
        "Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
        "Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "text": "c. 11th century: Ruiju Myōgishō\n外人ウトキ人",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an estranged or unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) an estranged or unfamiliar person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɯ̟to̞kʲi çito̞]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Gaijin"
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oein",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "외인",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hj",
        "hangeul": "외인"
      },
      "expansion": "外人 • (oein) (hangeul 외인)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "foreigner, alien",
          "word": "외인"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 외인 (“foreigner, alien”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "외인",
          "외인#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "foreigner",
          "foreigner"
        ],
        [
          "alien",
          "alien"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "外人"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 外人 meaning in All languages combined (20.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
  "path": [
    "外人"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "外人",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "外人"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "外人",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E9%99%8C%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%BA'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "外人"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "外人",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "外人"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "外人",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "外人"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "外人",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "外人"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "外人",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.