See 外人 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 外人 meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìjǐrén",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “non-family member”",
"word": "自己人"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "外人",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "nèirén",
"word": "內人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "nèirén",
"word": "内人"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "80 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"non-family member"
],
"id": "en-外人-zh-noun-c978vm9d",
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"member",
"member"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "People",
"orig": "zh:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"outsider; stranger"
],
"id": "en-外人-zh-noun-1oSH4ly~",
"links": [
[
"outsider",
"outsider"
],
[
"stranger",
"stranger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "People",
"orig": "zh:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foreigner"
],
"id": "en-外人-zh-noun-qTkQByOd",
"links": [
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàirén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàirén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàirén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wai⁴-jên²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wài-rén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wayren"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "вайжэнь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "vajžɛnʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoih yàhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ yen⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi nginˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁴ ngin²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxlaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-lîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxliin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-jîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxjiin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngwajH nyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[ŋ]ʷˤa[t]-s ni[ŋ]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
},
{
"other": "/ gōa-lîn /"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[ŋ]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[ŋ]"
},
{
"other": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shēngrén",
"word": "生人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "生份人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "生保人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Ningbonese",
"word": "生頭人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Ningbonese",
"word": "生头人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "guòlùrén",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "過路人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "guòlùrén",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "过路人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mòshēngrén",
"word": "陌生人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "mòlù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "陌路"
}
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "naigaijin",
"ruby": [
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "内外人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin-san",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人さん"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin hantā",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人ハンター"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin muki",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向き"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin muke",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向け"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin uri",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"売",
"う"
]
],
"word": "外人売り"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin tōshika",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"投",
"とう"
],
[
"資",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "外人投資家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin kisha",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"記",
"き"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
]
],
"word": "外人記者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin gai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"買",
"が"
]
],
"word": "外人買い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin senshu",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"選",
"せん"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"word": "外人選手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin butai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"部",
"ぶ"
],
[
"隊",
"たい"
]
],
"word": "外人部隊"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "/gwaizin/ > /gaizin/ [gaidʑin]. Literally outside person. From the late 19th on also used for foreigners.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaijin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぐゎいじん",
"roman": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "がいじん",
"hhira": "ぐゎいじん"
},
"expansion": "外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ja:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "995-999: Fusōshū (volume 9; Gunsho Ruijū volume 8, page 578)",
"text": "口畔懸河渉漢深。春杉拭盞就花陰。外人傾耳猶添愛、況是堂中父母心。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 13th century: Heike Monogatari (volume 1, page 123)",
"text": "しかるに其恩をわすれて、外人もなき所に兵具をとゝのへ、軍兵をかたらひをき、其營みの他は他事なし。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1349: Renri Hishō (page 38)",
"text": "但、外人など上手おほからむ座にては、聊か斟酌すべし",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1597: Ekirin Setsuyōshū (page 133)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 73)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン) 他人也",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-rpoSWydl",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ja:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1875: 文明論之概略 (page 18)",
"text": "譬えば頑固なる士民は外国人を悪むを以て常とせり。又学者流の人にても少しく見識ある者は外人の挙動を見て決して心酔するに非ず，之を悦ばざるの心は彼の頑民に異なることなしと云うも可なり。",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-wxKwyQWP",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"alien",
"alien"
],
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 18 33 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 73 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 14 48 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 7 73 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A white person"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-6BqQNocK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii) A white person"
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "がいじん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠iʑĩɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ijin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外国人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異国人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ihōjin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"邦",
"ほう"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異邦人"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "疎い",
"3": "",
"4": "unacquainted",
"tr": "utoi"
},
"expansion": "疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "人",
"3": "",
"4": "person",
"tr": "hito"
},
"expansion": "人 (hito, “person”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外人",
"うときひと"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "utoki hito",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うとき ひと"
},
"expansion": "外人(うときひと) • (utoki hito)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"text": "c. 11th century: Ruiju Myōgishō\n外人ウトキ人",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-KcGnVKVV"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "oein",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "외인",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "외인"
},
"expansion": "外人 • (oein) (hangeul 외인)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "foreigner, alien",
"word": "외인"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 외인 (“foreigner, alien”)."
],
"id": "en-外人-ko-noun-MtAkT-u7",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"외인",
"외인#Korean"
],
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
],
[
"alien",
"alien"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìjǐrén",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “non-family member”",
"word": "自己人"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"zh:People"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "外人",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "nèirén",
"word": "內人"
},
{
"roman": "nèirén",
"word": "内人"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"non-family member"
],
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"member",
"member"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"outsider; stranger"
],
"links": [
[
"outsider",
"outsider"
],
[
"stranger",
"stranger"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foreigner"
],
"links": [
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàirén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄨㄞˋ ㄖㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàirén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "wàirén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "wai⁴-jên²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "wài-rén"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "wayren"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "вайжэнь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "vajžɛnʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoih yàhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ jan⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁶ yen⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi-ngìn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi nginˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ngoi⁴ ngin²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-lâng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxlaang"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-lîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-lîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxliin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gōa-jîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "guā-jîn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "goaxjiin"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngwajH nyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[ŋ]ʷˤa[t]-s ni[ŋ]/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
},
{
"other": "/ gōa-lîn /"
},
{
"ipa": "/waɪ̯⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔːi̯²² jɐn²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ lin²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡua²²⁻²¹ d͡zin¹³/"
},
{
"other": "[ŋ]"
},
{
"other": "[t]"
},
{
"other": "[ŋ]"
},
{
"other": "/*ŋʷaːds njin/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "shēngrén",
"word": "生人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "生份人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "生保人"
},
{
"roman": "Ningbonese",
"word": "生頭人"
},
{
"roman": "Ningbonese",
"word": "生头人"
},
{
"roman": "guòlùrén",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "過路人"
},
{
"roman": "guòlùrén",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "过路人"
},
{
"roman": "mòshēngrén",
"word": "陌生人"
},
{
"roman": "mòlù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "陌路"
}
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "naigaijin",
"ruby": [
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "内外人"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin-san",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人さん"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin hantā",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人ハンター"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin muki",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向き"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin muke",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向け"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin uri",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"売",
"う"
]
],
"word": "外人売り"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin tōshika",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"投",
"とう"
],
[
"資",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "外人投資家"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin kisha",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"記",
"き"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
]
],
"word": "外人記者"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin gai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"買",
"が"
]
],
"word": "外人買い"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin senshu",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"選",
"せん"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"word": "外人選手"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin butai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"部",
"ぶ"
],
[
"隊",
"たい"
]
],
"word": "外人部隊"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "/gwaizin/ > /gaizin/ [gaidʑin]. Literally outside person. From the late 19th on also used for foreigners.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaijin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぐゎいじん",
"roman": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "がいじん",
"hhira": "ぐゎいじん"
},
"expansion": "外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "995-999: Fusōshū (volume 9; Gunsho Ruijū volume 8, page 578)",
"text": "口畔懸河渉漢深。春杉拭盞就花陰。外人傾耳猶添愛、況是堂中父母心。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 13th century: Heike Monogatari (volume 1, page 123)",
"text": "しかるに其恩をわすれて、外人もなき所に兵具をとゝのへ、軍兵をかたらひをき、其營みの他は他事なし。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1349: Renri Hishō (page 38)",
"text": "但、外人など上手おほからむ座にては、聊か斟酌すべし",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1597: Ekirin Setsuyōshū (page 133)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 73)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン) 他人也",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese derogatory terms",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1875: 文明論之概略 (page 18)",
"text": "譬えば頑固なる士民は外国人を悪むを以て常とせり。又学者流の人にても少しく見識ある者は外人の挙動を見て決して心酔するに非ず，之を悦ばざるの心は彼の頑民に異なることなしと云うも可なり。",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"alien",
"alien"
],
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hawaiian Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"A white person"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii) A white person"
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "がいじん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠iʑĩɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ijin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異人"
},
{
"roman": "gaikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外国人"
},
{
"roman": "ikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異国人"
},
{
"roman": "ihōjin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"邦",
"ほう"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異邦人"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "疎い",
"3": "",
"4": "unacquainted",
"tr": "utoi"
},
"expansion": "疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "人",
"3": "",
"4": "person",
"tr": "hito"
},
"expansion": "人 (hito, “person”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外人",
"うときひと"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "utoki hito",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うとき ひと"
},
"expansion": "外人(うときひと) • (utoki hito)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"text": "c. 11th century: Ruiju Myōgishō\n外人ウトキ人",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an estranged, unfamiliar person"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "oein",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "외인",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "외인"
},
"expansion": "外人 • (oein) (hangeul 외인)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "foreigner, alien",
"word": "외인"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 외인 (“foreigner, alien”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"외인",
"외인#Korean"
],
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
],
[
"alien",
"alien"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外人",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.