See 外人 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ja:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin uri",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"売",
"う"
]
],
"word": "外人売り"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin gai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"買",
"が"
]
],
"word": "外人買い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin kisha",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"記",
"き"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
]
],
"word": "外人記者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin-san",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人さん"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin senshu",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"選",
"せん"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"word": "外人選手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin tōshika",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"投",
"とう"
],
[
"資",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "外人投資家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin butai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"部",
"ぶ"
],
[
"隊",
"たい"
]
],
"word": "外人部隊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin muki",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向き"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin muke",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向け"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "naigaijin",
"ruby": [
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "内外人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaijin hantā",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人ハンター"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "外人"
},
"expansion": "外人 (MC ngwajH nyin)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/ɡwaizin/ → /ɡaidʑin/\nUltimately from Middle Chinese 外人 (MC ngwajH nyin), literally “outside person, outsider”. First attested in the late 900s, with the sense developing from the late 1800s to refer to “foreigner”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaijin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぐゎいじん",
"roman": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "がいじん",
"hhira": "ぐゎいじん"
},
"expansion": "外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "995-999: Fusōshū (volume 9; Gunsho Ruijū volume 8, page 578)",
"text": "口畔懸河渉漢深。春杉拭盞就花陰。外人傾耳猶添愛、況是堂中父母心。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 13th century: Heike Monogatari (volume 1, page 123)",
"text": "しかるに其恩をわすれて、外人もなき所に兵具をとゝのへ、軍兵をかたらひをき、其營みの他は他事なし。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1349: Renri Hishō (page 38)",
"text": "但、外人など上手おほからむ座にては、聊か斟酌すべし",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1597: Ekirin Setsuyōshū (page 133)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "Vocabulary of the Language of Japan",
"ref": "1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 314:",
"text": "Guaijin, グヮイジン(外人) Focano fito. (他の人) 他国の人、すなわち、土着の人ではない者.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 73)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン) 他人也",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-rpoSWydl",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1875: 文明論之概略 (page 18)",
"text": "譬えば頑固なる士民は外国人を悪むを以て常とせり。又学者流の人にても少しく見識ある者は外人の挙動を見て決して心酔するに非ず，之を悦ばざるの心は彼の頑民に異なることなしと云うも可なり。",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-wxKwyQWP",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"alien",
"alien"
],
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 17 34 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 35 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 35 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 35 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 35 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 16 35 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 22 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A white person"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-6BqQNocK",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii) A white person"
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "がいじん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠iʑĩɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ijin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "gaikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外国人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異国人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "ihōjin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"邦",
"ほう"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異邦人"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "People",
"orig": "ja:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”).\nObsolete usage, reflecting unstandardized orthography with inflecting word endings omitted from the spellings.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"うとき"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "utoki hito",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うとき ひと"
},
"expansion": "外(うとき)人(ひと) • (utoki hito)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"text": "c. 11th century: Ruiju Myōgishō\n外人ウトキ人",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an estranged or unfamiliar person"
],
"id": "en-外人-ja-noun-quv7CETj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) an estranged or unfamiliar person"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟to̞kʲi çito̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with ぐゎ",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with ゎ",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "gaijin uri",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"売",
"う"
]
],
"word": "外人売り"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin gai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"買",
"が"
]
],
"word": "外人買い"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin kisha",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"記",
"き"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
]
],
"word": "外人記者"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin-san",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人さん"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin senshu",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"選",
"せん"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"word": "外人選手"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin tōshika",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"投",
"とう"
],
[
"資",
"し"
],
[
"家",
"か"
]
],
"word": "外人投資家"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin butai",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"部",
"ぶ"
],
[
"隊",
"たい"
]
],
"word": "外人部隊"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin muki",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向き"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin muke",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
],
[
"向",
"む"
]
],
"word": "外人向け"
},
{
"roman": "naigaijin",
"ruby": [
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "内外人"
},
{
"roman": "gaijin hantā",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外人ハンター"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "外人"
},
"expansion": "外人 (MC ngwajH nyin)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/ɡwaizin/ → /ɡaidʑin/\nUltimately from Middle Chinese 外人 (MC ngwajH nyin), literally “outside person, outsider”. First attested in the late 900s, with the sense developing from the late 1800s to refer to “foreigner”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gaijin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ぐゎいじん",
"roman": "gwaizin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "がいじん",
"hhira": "ぐゎいじん"
},
"expansion": "外(がい)人(じん) • (gaijin) ^(←ぐゎいじん (gwaizin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for translations of Portuguese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "995-999: Fusōshū (volume 9; Gunsho Ruijū volume 8, page 578)",
"text": "口畔懸河渉漢深。春杉拭盞就花陰。外人傾耳猶添愛、況是堂中父母心。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 13th century: Heike Monogatari (volume 1, page 123)",
"text": "しかるに其恩をわすれて、外人もなき所に兵具をとゝのへ、軍兵をかたらひをき、其營みの他は他事なし。",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1349: Renri Hishō (page 38)",
"text": "但、外人など上手おほからむ座にては、聊か斟酌すべし",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1597: Ekirin Setsuyōshū (page 133)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン)",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "Vocabulary of the Language of Japan",
"ref": "1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 314:",
"text": "Guaijin, グヮイジン(外人) Focano fito. (他の人) 他国の人、すなわち、土着の人ではない者.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1617: Gennabon Kagakushū (page 73)",
"text": "外人 (グワイジン) 他人也",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) outsider; an estranged, unfamiliar person"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese derogatory terms",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1875: 文明論之概略 (page 18)",
"text": "譬えば頑固なる士民は外国人を悪むを以て常とせり。又学者流の人にても少しく見識ある者は外人の挙動を見て決して心酔するに非ず，之を悦ばざるの心は彼の頑民に異なることなしと云うも可なり。",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"alien",
"alien"
],
[
"foreigner",
"foreigner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) alien, foreigner; especially foreigner in Japan"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hawaiian Japanese"
],
"glosses": [
"A white person"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Hawaii) A white person"
],
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "がいじん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡa̠iʑĩɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ijin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異人"
},
{
"roman": "gaikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "外国人"
},
{
"roman": "ikokujin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異国人"
},
{
"roman": "ihōjin",
"ruby": [
[
"異",
"い"
],
[
"邦",
"ほう"
],
[
"人",
"じん"
]
],
"word": "異邦人"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin",
"Nihon Kokugo Daijiten"
],
"word": "外人"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Adjective 疎い (utoi, “unacquainted”) in attributive form and 人 (hito, “person”).\nObsolete usage, reflecting unstandardized orthography with inflecting word endings omitted from the spellings.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "外人",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"うとき"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "utoki hito",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "うとき ひと"
},
"expansion": "外(うとき)人(ひと) • (utoki hito)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Japanese quotations",
"Requests for transliteration of Japanese quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"text": "c. 11th century: Ruiju Myōgishō\n外人ウトキ人",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an estranged or unfamiliar person"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) an estranged or unfamiliar person"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɯ̟to̞kʲi çito̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Gaijin"
],
"word": "外人"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 外人 meaning in Japanese (8.3kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外人",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"外人"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "外人",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (3dadd05 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.