See heren in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hear"
},
"expansion": "English: hear",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hear"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "her",
"3": "hear"
},
"expansion": "Scots: her, hear",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: her, hear"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "hert",
"qq": "preterite"
},
"expansion": "Yola: hert (preterite)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: hert (preterite)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ang>hīeran>perceive sound",
"id": "perceive sound"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hēran"
},
"expansion": "Old English hēran",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hēran, hīeran, hȳran (“to hear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hẹ̄ren",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": "hẹ̄ren"
},
"expansion": "hẹ̄ren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 12 23 26 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 8 24 23 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 29 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 38 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "[A]nd so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hear"
],
"id": "en-heren-enm-verb-jqEb34OJ",
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "her"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "here"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heiren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "eren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heræn"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heri"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "ȝere"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hearen"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hæren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "har"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heoren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hieren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "huren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "huiren"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̄rest"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̄res"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hūrest"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "herst"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "harste"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hierst"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hẹ̄reth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hẹ̄res"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hīreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hiereth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hūreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "huireth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hers"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hirs"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hierth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hẹ̄ren"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hẹ̄reth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hers"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hæreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "heoreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hīreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hiereth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hūreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hē̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hē̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̮̄red"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̮̄rede"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hærde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hā̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hā̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "heorde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "heorda"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hī̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hū̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "huirde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hē̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hē̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hẹ̮̄red"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "ẹ̮̄rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hā̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hā̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hā̮rden"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "heord"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "heorde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hū̮rde"
}
]
}
],
"word": "heren"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From here, with influence from min and þin. Compare þeiren.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "he",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "nominative",
"4": "he"
},
"expansion": "heren (nominative he)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 38 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Third-person plural possessive pronoun: theirs, of them"
],
"id": "en-heren-enm-pron-x18Ym9wx",
"links": [
[
"theirs",
"theirs"
],
[
"them",
"them"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "I"
},
{
"word": "ich"
},
{
"word": "ik"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "minmi1"
},
{
"word": "min"
},
{
"word": "þou"
},
{
"word": "þe"
},
{
"word": "þinþi1"
},
{
"word": "þin"
},
{
"word": "he"
},
{
"word": "himhine2"
},
{
"word": "him"
},
{
"word": "his"
},
{
"word": "hishisen"
},
{
"word": "sche"
},
{
"word": "heo"
},
{
"word": "hireheo"
},
{
"word": "hire"
},
{
"word": "hirehires"
},
{
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"word": "hit"
},
{
"word": "hithim2"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "wit"
},
{
"word": "unk"
},
{
"word": "unker"
},
{
"word": "ȝit"
},
{
"word": "inc"
},
{
"word": "inker"
},
{
"word": "we"
},
{
"word": "us"
},
{
"word": "ous"
},
{
"word": "oure"
},
{
"word": "oureoures"
},
{
"word": "ouren"
},
{
"word": "ye"
},
{
"word": "yow"
},
{
"word": "your"
},
{
"word": "youryoures"
},
{
"word": "youren"
},
{
"word": "hemhe2"
},
{
"word": "hem"
},
{
"word": "here"
},
{
"word": "hereheres"
},
{
"word": "þei"
},
{
"word": "þem"
},
{
"word": "þeim"
},
{
"word": "þeir"
},
{
"word": "þeirþeires"
},
{
"word": "þeiren"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "heres"
},
{
"word": "hern"
},
{
"word": "herne"
},
{
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"word": "heoren"
},
{
"word": "heoran"
},
{
"word": "huren"
}
]
}
],
"word": "heren"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣran"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "here",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "haircloth",
"id2": "noun plural",
"pos2": "plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "here + -en (plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hǣran; equivalent to here + -en (plural suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "heren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 38 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "haircloth",
"word": "here"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of here (“haircloth”)"
],
"id": "en-heren-enm-noun-f1umHEW2",
"links": [
[
"here",
"here#Middle_English:_haircloth"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "heren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ew-",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hear"
},
"expansion": "English: hear",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hear"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "her",
"3": "hear"
},
"expansion": "Scots: her, hear",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: her, hear"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "hert",
"qq": "preterite"
},
"expansion": "Yola: hert (preterite)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: hert (preterite)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ang>hīeran>perceive sound",
"id": "perceive sound"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "to hear"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hēran"
},
"expansion": "Old English hēran",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hēran, hīeran, hȳran (“to hear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hẹ̄ren",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": "hẹ̄ren"
},
"expansion": "hẹ̄ren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:",
"text": "[A]nd so bifore alle othir men I chees wilfulli to be enformed bi hem and of hem, and speciali of Wiclef himsilf, as of the moost vertuous and goodlich wise man that I herde of owhere either knew.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hear"
],
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "her"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "here"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heiren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "eren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heræn"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heri"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "ȝere"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hearen"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hæren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "har"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "heoren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "hieren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "huren"
},
{
"tags": [
"infinitive"
],
"word": "huiren"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̄rest"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̄res"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hūrest"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "herst"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "harste"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
],
"word": "hierst"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hẹ̄reth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hẹ̄res"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hīreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hiereth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hūreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "huireth"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hers"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hirs"
},
{
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
],
"word": "hierth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hẹ̄ren"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hẹ̄reth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hers"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hæreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "heoreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hīreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hiereth"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
],
"word": "hūreth"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hē̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hē̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̮̄red"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hẹ̮̄rede"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hærde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hā̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hā̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "heorde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "heorda"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hī̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "hū̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
],
"word": "huirde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hē̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hē̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hẹ̮̄red"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "ẹ̮̄rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hā̮rd"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hā̮rde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hā̮rden"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "heord"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "heorde"
},
{
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
],
"word": "hū̮rde"
}
],
"word": "heren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English personal pronouns",
"Middle English pronouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From here, with influence from min and þin. Compare þeiren.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "he",
"tags": [
"nominative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "nominative",
"4": "he"
},
"expansion": "heren (nominative he)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "I"
},
{
"word": "ich"
},
{
"word": "ik"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "minmi1"
},
{
"word": "min"
},
{
"word": "þou"
},
{
"word": "þe"
},
{
"word": "þinþi1"
},
{
"word": "þin"
},
{
"word": "he"
},
{
"word": "himhine2"
},
{
"word": "him"
},
{
"word": "his"
},
{
"word": "hishisen"
},
{
"word": "sche"
},
{
"word": "heo"
},
{
"word": "hireheo"
},
{
"word": "hire"
},
{
"word": "hirehires"
},
{
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"word": "hit"
},
{
"word": "hithim2"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "wit"
},
{
"word": "unk"
},
{
"word": "unker"
},
{
"word": "ȝit"
},
{
"word": "inc"
},
{
"word": "inker"
},
{
"word": "we"
},
{
"word": "us"
},
{
"word": "ous"
},
{
"word": "oure"
},
{
"word": "oureoures"
},
{
"word": "ouren"
},
{
"word": "ye"
},
{
"word": "yow"
},
{
"word": "your"
},
{
"word": "youryoures"
},
{
"word": "youren"
},
{
"word": "hemhe2"
},
{
"word": "hem"
},
{
"word": "here"
},
{
"word": "hereheres"
},
{
"word": "þei"
},
{
"word": "þem"
},
{
"word": "þeim"
},
{
"word": "þeir"
},
{
"word": "þeirþeires"
},
{
"word": "þeiren"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Third-person plural possessive pronoun: theirs, of them"
],
"links": [
[
"theirs",
"theirs"
],
[
"them",
"them"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "heres"
},
{
"word": "hern"
},
{
"word": "herne"
},
{
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"word": "heoren"
},
{
"word": "heoran"
},
{
"word": "huren"
}
],
"word": "heren"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English non-lemma forms",
"Middle English noun forms",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms suffixed with -en (noun plural)",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hǣran"
},
"expansion": "Old English hǣran",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "here",
"3": "-en",
"id1": "haircloth",
"id2": "noun plural",
"pos2": "plural suffix"
},
"expansion": "here + -en (plural suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English hǣran; equivalent to here + -en (plural suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "heren",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "haircloth",
"word": "here"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of here (“haircloth”)"
],
"links": [
[
"here",
"here#Middle_English:_haircloth"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "heren"
}
Download raw JSONL data for heren meaning in Middle English (8.8kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"heren"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "heren",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.