See þou in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for þou meaning in Middle English (4.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thou",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "English: thou, tha; thow, thu, du",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thou, tha; thow, thu, du"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "thou",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scots: thou, du, thoo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: thou, du, thoo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "thou",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: thou, th'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: thou, th'"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þū"
},
"expansion": "Old English þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English þū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "þe",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "þin",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þi",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "þin",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "accusative",
"4": "þe",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "þin",
"7": "possessive determiner",
"8": "þi, þin"
},
"expansion": "þou (accusative þe, genitive þin, possessive determiner þi, þin)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "artou"
},
{
"word": "comsteu"
},
{
"word": "connowustou"
},
{
"word": "dorstou"
},
{
"word": "hastou"
},
{
"word": "havedestou"
},
{
"word": "maistou"
},
{
"word": "miȝtou"
},
{
"word": "neltou"
},
{
"word": "tertestou"
},
{
"word": "thall"
},
{
"word": "thart"
},
{
"word": "thatou"
},
{
"word": "therstou"
},
{
"word": "wilte"
},
{
"word": "wiltou"
},
{
"word": "wolte"
},
{
"word": "wostou"
},
{
"word": "þerftou"
},
{
"word": "þut"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thou (second-person singular pronoun); you"
],
"id": "en-þou-enm-pron-enm:thou",
"links": [
[
"thou",
"thou"
],
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"MED Online",
"w:Middle English Dictionary"
],
[
"University of Michigan",
"w:University of Michigan"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "I"
},
{
"word": "ich"
},
{
"word": "ik"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "minmi1"
},
{
"word": "min"
},
{
"word": "þe"
},
{
"word": "þinþi1"
},
{
"word": "þin"
},
{
"word": "he"
},
{
"word": "himhine2"
},
{
"word": "him"
},
{
"word": "his"
},
{
"word": "hishisen"
},
{
"word": "sche"
},
{
"word": "heo"
},
{
"word": "hireheo"
},
{
"word": "hire"
},
{
"word": "hirehires"
},
{
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"word": "hit"
},
{
"word": "hithim2"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "wit"
},
{
"word": "unk"
},
{
"word": "unker"
},
{
"word": "ȝit"
},
{
"word": "inc"
},
{
"word": "inker"
},
{
"word": "we"
},
{
"word": "us"
},
{
"word": "ous"
},
{
"word": "oure"
},
{
"word": "oureoures"
},
{
"word": "ouren"
},
{
"word": "ye"
},
{
"word": "yow"
},
{
"word": "your"
},
{
"word": "youryoures"
},
{
"word": "youren"
},
{
"word": "hemhe2"
},
{
"word": "hem"
},
{
"word": "here"
},
{
"word": "hereheres"
},
{
"word": "heren"
},
{
"word": "þei"
},
{
"word": "þem"
},
{
"word": "þeim"
},
{
"word": "þeir"
},
{
"word": "þeirþeires"
},
{
"word": "þeiren"
}
],
"senseid": [
"enm:thou"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thou"
},
{
"word": "þu"
},
{
"word": "thu"
},
{
"word": "þoue"
},
{
"word": "thoue"
},
{
"word": "þowe"
},
{
"word": "thowe"
},
{
"word": "þouȝ"
},
{
"word": "thouȝ"
},
{
"word": "þue"
},
{
"word": "ðhu"
},
{
"word": "þeu"
},
{
"word": "þeou"
},
{
"word": "thugh"
},
{
"word": "thogh"
},
{
"word": "þo"
},
{
"word": "tu"
},
{
"word": "tou"
},
{
"word": "towe"
},
{
"word": "you"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θuː/",
"tags": [
"stressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ðuː/",
"tags": [
"stressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ðu/",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
},
{
"ipa": "/d/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuː/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
}
],
"word": "þou"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "artou"
},
{
"word": "comsteu"
},
{
"word": "connowustou"
},
{
"word": "dorstou"
},
{
"word": "hastou"
},
{
"word": "havedestou"
},
{
"word": "maistou"
},
{
"word": "miȝtou"
},
{
"word": "neltou"
},
{
"word": "tertestou"
},
{
"word": "thall"
},
{
"word": "thart"
},
{
"word": "thatou"
},
{
"word": "therstou"
},
{
"word": "wilte"
},
{
"word": "wiltou"
},
{
"word": "wolte"
},
{
"word": "wostou"
},
{
"word": "þerftou"
},
{
"word": "þut"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thou",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "English: thou, tha; thow, thu, du",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: thou, tha; thow, thu, du"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "thou",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Scots: thou, du, thoo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: thou, du, thoo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yol",
"2": "thou",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Yola: thou, th'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yola: thou, th'"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "þū"
},
"expansion": "Old English þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English þū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "þe",
"tags": [
"accusative"
]
},
{
"form": "þin",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þi",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "þin",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "accusative",
"4": "þe",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "þin",
"7": "possessive determiner",
"8": "þi, þin"
},
"expansion": "þou (accusative þe, genitive þin, possessive determiner þi, þin)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "I"
},
{
"word": "ich"
},
{
"word": "ik"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "minmi1"
},
{
"word": "min"
},
{
"word": "þe"
},
{
"word": "þinþi1"
},
{
"word": "þin"
},
{
"word": "he"
},
{
"word": "himhine2"
},
{
"word": "him"
},
{
"word": "his"
},
{
"word": "hishisen"
},
{
"word": "sche"
},
{
"word": "heo"
},
{
"word": "hireheo"
},
{
"word": "hire"
},
{
"word": "hirehires"
},
{
"word": "hiren"
},
{
"word": "hit"
},
{
"word": "hithim2"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "wit"
},
{
"word": "unk"
},
{
"word": "unker"
},
{
"word": "ȝit"
},
{
"word": "inc"
},
{
"word": "inker"
},
{
"word": "we"
},
{
"word": "us"
},
{
"word": "ous"
},
{
"word": "oure"
},
{
"word": "oureoures"
},
{
"word": "ouren"
},
{
"word": "ye"
},
{
"word": "yow"
},
{
"word": "your"
},
{
"word": "youryoures"
},
{
"word": "youren"
},
{
"word": "hemhe2"
},
{
"word": "hem"
},
{
"word": "here"
},
{
"word": "hereheres"
},
{
"word": "heren"
},
{
"word": "þei"
},
{
"word": "þem"
},
{
"word": "þeim"
},
{
"word": "þeir"
},
{
"word": "þeirþeires"
},
{
"word": "þeiren"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English personal pronouns",
"Middle English pronouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"thou (second-person singular pronoun); you"
],
"links": [
[
"thou",
"thou"
],
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"MED Online",
"w:Middle English Dictionary"
],
[
"University of Michigan",
"w:University of Michigan"
]
],
"senseid": [
"enm:thou"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θuː/",
"tags": [
"stressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ðuː/",
"tags": [
"stressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ðu/",
"tags": [
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
},
{
"ipa": "/d/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
},
{
"ipa": "/tuː/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
},
{
"ipa": "/tu/",
"note": "after /t/, /d/, especially early"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "thou"
},
{
"word": "þu"
},
{
"word": "thu"
},
{
"word": "þoue"
},
{
"word": "thoue"
},
{
"word": "þowe"
},
{
"word": "thowe"
},
{
"word": "þouȝ"
},
{
"word": "thouȝ"
},
{
"word": "þue"
},
{
"word": "ðhu"
},
{
"word": "þeu"
},
{
"word": "þeou"
},
{
"word": "thugh"
},
{
"word": "thogh"
},
{
"word": "þo"
},
{
"word": "tu"
},
{
"word": "tou"
},
{
"word": "towe"
},
{
"word": "you"
}
],
"word": "þou"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.