See ciao in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ciao bella"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
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],
"glosses": [
"Hello, hi."
],
"id": "en-ciao-en-intj-~Mmxhn5n",
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello#English"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good evening"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morrow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "greetings"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"neologism",
"rare"
],
"word": "heaveno"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "hello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hello there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heyday"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hiya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hey hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "heyo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "ho there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how are you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam alaikum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salutations"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom aleichem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "sup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "wassup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "well met"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's doing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's going on"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's new"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "what's up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "yello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "yo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "g'day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "howdy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"informal"
],
"word": "how's it going"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"archaic"
],
"word": "top of the morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"India"
],
"word": "namaste"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "wagwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Sri-Lanka"
],
"word": "ayubowan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "privet"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"informal"
],
"word": "howzit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me babber"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me lover"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ay up me duck"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ey up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "hallo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated"
],
"word": "hullo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "wotcher"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "ayo"
}
]
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 44 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 44 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 44 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 50 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 44 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 50 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 44 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bye, goodbye."
],
"id": "en-ciao-en-intj-6EymNHke",
"links": [
[
"Bye",
"bye#English"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adieu"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adios"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "arrivederci"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "auf Wiedersehen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "au revoir"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "badbye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"word": "BCNU"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "catch you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal",
"mainly"
],
"word": "cheers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheery-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand",
"informal"
],
"word": "chur"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "farewell"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "Godspeed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "hasta la vista"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "baby"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "have a nice day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"colloquial"
],
"word": "hooroo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "I have to love you and leave you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "keep it real"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "late"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "laters"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "peace out"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "sayonara"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see ya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Scottish",
"UK"
],
"word": "see you after"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you in the funny papers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you later alligator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell ya later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "so long"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "take care"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ta-ta"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "tatty bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dated"
],
"word": "tinkety-tonk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-oo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated",
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-pip"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "toodles"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "TTFN"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ttyl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "tšāw",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "تْشَاو"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ciallo"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ĉaŭ"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tšau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauka"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauki"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchao"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "čao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ჩაო"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "tshau",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "צַ׳אוּ"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "csaó"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "chao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "チャオ"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchau"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ћао"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "ćao"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "chao"
},
{
"_dis1": "37 63",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciaos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ciao (plural ciaos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"ref": "2010, Robert V. Camuto, Palmento: A Sicilian Wine Odyssey, page 16:",
"text": "[…] he excused himself, disappearing in a cloud of ciaos and operatic Italian.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"ref": "2007, Darwin Porter, Danforth Prince, Bahamas For Dummies, page 196:",
"text": "You hear more ciaos than hellos. Guests play bocce ball on the beach and dine on Italian and some Bahamian cuisine. Because of its strong Continental overlay, the cuisine is better here than at your typical Grand Bahama hotel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A greeting or farewell using the word \"ciao\"."
],
"id": "en-ciao-en-noun-zwfb8EzP"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English farewells",
"English greetings",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Venetan",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ciao bella"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Hello, hi."
],
"links": [
[
"Hello",
"hello#English"
],
[
"hi",
"hi"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good evening"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "good morrow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "greetings"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"neologism",
"rare"
],
"word": "heaveno"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "hello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hello there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "heyday"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hi there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hiya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "hey hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "heyo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "ho there"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "how are you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salaam alaikum"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "salutations"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "shalom aleichem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "sup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "wassup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "well met"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's doing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's going on"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "what's new"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "what's up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "yello"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "yo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "g'day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "hey"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"informal"
],
"word": "howdy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Commonwealth",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"informal"
],
"word": "how's it going"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Ireland",
"archaic"
],
"word": "top of the morning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"India"
],
"word": "namaste"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"word": "wagwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Sri-Lanka"
],
"word": "ayubowan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"Russia"
],
"word": "privet"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"informal"
],
"word": "howzit"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me babber"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "alright me lover"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ay up me duck"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ey up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "hallo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated"
],
"word": "hullo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "wotcher"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:hello",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "ayo"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Bye, goodbye."
],
"links": [
[
"Bye",
"bye#English"
],
[
"goodbye",
"goodbye"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adieu"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "adios"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Hawaii"
],
"word": "aloha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "arrivederci"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "auf Wiedersehen"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "au revoir"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "badbye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Internet"
],
"word": "BCNU"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "bye-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "catch you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ciao"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheerio"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal",
"mainly"
],
"word": "cheers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "cheery-bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"New-Zealand",
"informal"
],
"word": "chur"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "farewell"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "good day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "Godspeed"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "hasta la vista"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "baby"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"US",
"informal"
],
"word": "have a nice day"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Australia",
"colloquial"
],
"word": "hooroo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "I have to love you and leave you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "keep it real"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "late"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "laters"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "peace out"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "sayonara"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see ya"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"Scottish",
"UK"
],
"word": "see you after"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you in the funny papers"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "see you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "see you later alligator"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "shalom"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell ya later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"humorous",
"informal"
],
"word": "smell you later"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "so long"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"word": "take care"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "ta-ta"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"informal"
],
"word": "tatty bye"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"dated"
],
"word": "tinkety-tonk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-oo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"UK",
"dated",
"informal"
],
"word": "toodle-pip"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "toodles"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "TTFN"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:goodbye",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ttyl"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "tšāw",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "تْشَاو"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ciallo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ĉaŭ"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tšau"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsau"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauka"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tsauki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchao"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chau"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "čao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ჩაო"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tschau"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "tshau",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "צַ׳אוּ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "csaó"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "chao",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "チャオ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "tchau"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "ћао"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"tags": [
"Latin"
],
"word": "ćao"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "chao"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "čáo",
"sense": "transliteration of the Italian greeting or farewell",
"word": "ча́о"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
{
"categories": [
"English contranyms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English farewells",
"English greetings",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Greek",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"English terms derived from Venetan",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlewH-",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱlewH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlewH-"
],
[
"*-ǫta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ǫta"
],
[
"*Slov-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/Slovǫta"
],
[
"*-ēnas",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/-ēnas#Proto-Balto-Slavic:_noun-forming_suffix"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*-iHnos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-iHnos#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectives_of_materials"
],
[
"*-inъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-inъ#Proto-Slavic:_suffix"
],
[
"*-ěninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěninъ"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Σκλαβηνός",
"Σκλαβηνός#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Σκλᾰ́βος",
"Σκλάβος#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"s-ciao, sciavo",
"sciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Italian"
],
[
"ciao",
"ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciao",
"s-ciao#Venetan"
],
[
"s-ciavo",
"s-ciavo#Venetan"
],
[
"sclavus",
"sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"schiavo",
"schiavo#Italian"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
],
[
"S-ciavón",
"S-ciavón#Venetan"
],
[
"Sclavus",
"Sclavus#Latin"
],
[
"*slověninъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/slověninъ"
],
[
"Not related to",
"false cognate"
],
[
"chào",
"chào#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Slav",
"Slav#English"
],
[
"slave",
"slave#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"s-ciao, sciavo\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*Slov-\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"gloss\" : \"Dnieper\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*slov-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" }, { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱlewH-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ǫta\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*Slovǫta\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun-forming suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ēnas\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectives of materials\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-iHnos\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-inъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*-ěninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*slověninъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλαβηνός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Greek\", \"term\" : \"Σκλᾰ́βος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Late Latin\", \"term\" : \"Sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-lat\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Latin\", \"term\" : \"sclavus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Venetan\", \"term\" : \"sciavo\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"vec\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"ciao\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"ciao\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vec",
"3": "ciao",
"4": "",
"5": "hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant"
},
"expansion": "Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "s-ciao"
},
"expansion": "Venetan s-ciao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "sclavus",
"4": "",
"5": "Slav, slave"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "schiavo"
},
"expansion": "Italian schiavo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "English Slav",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "slave",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vec-old",
"2": "S-ciavón",
"t": "Slav"
},
"expansion": "Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Sclavus"
},
"expansion": "Latin Sclavus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*slověninъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *slověninъ",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chào",
"3": "",
"4": "hello, goodbye"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Slav",
"3": "slave"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Slav and slave",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:ciao",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nsubstrateder.?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱlewH-der.?\nProto-Slavic *slov-\nProto-Slavic *-ǫta\nProto-Slavic *Slov-?\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-ēnas\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHnos\nProto-Slavic *-inъ\nProto-Slavic *-ěninъ\nProto-Slavic *slověninъder.\nAncient Greek Σκλαβηνός (Sklabēnós)der.\nMedieval Greek Σκλᾰ́βος (Sklắbos)bor.\nLate Latin Sclavus\nMedieval Latin sclavus\nVenetan s-ciao, sciavobor.\nItalian ciaobor.\nEnglish ciao\nBorrowed from Italian ciao (“hello, goodbye”), from Venetan ciao (“hello, goodbye, your (humble) servant”), from Venetan s-ciao / s-ciavo (“servant, slave”), from Medieval Latin sclavus (“Slav, slave”), related also to Italian schiavo, English Slav, slave and Old Venetan S-ciavón (“Slav”), from Latin Sclavus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *slověninъ. Not related to Vietnamese chào (“hello, goodbye”). Doublet of Slav and slave.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ciaos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ciao (plural ciaos)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"ref": "2010, Robert V. Camuto, Palmento: A Sicilian Wine Odyssey, page 16:",
"text": "[…] he excused himself, disappearing in a cloud of ciaos and operatic Italian.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
19
]
],
"ref": "2007, Darwin Porter, Danforth Prince, Bahamas For Dummies, page 196:",
"text": "You hear more ciaos than hellos. Guests play bocce ball on the beach and dine on Italian and some Bahamian cuisine. Because of its strong Continental overlay, the cuisine is better here than at your typical Grand Bahama hotel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A greeting or farewell using the word \"ciao\"."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ciao.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-ciao.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "chow"
}
],
"word": "ciao"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ciao meaning in English (33.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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