See logic in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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{
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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"word": "⊃"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "↔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "⇔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "≡"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Aristotle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Frege"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Russell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Gödel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Appendix:Glossary of logic"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 28 4 2 4 4 3 5 3 11 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "en:Thinking",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method."
],
"id": "en-logic-en-noun-slXcUchq",
"links": [
[
"thought",
"thought"
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[
"linear",
"linear"
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[
"scientific method",
"scientific method"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logjikë"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manṭiq",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنْطِق"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tramabanutʻyun",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "տրամաբանություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "məntiq"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "montek",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "মন্তেক"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "邏輯"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "luóji",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "逻辑"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "論理"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lùnlǐ",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "论理"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logiko"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logique"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "higayon",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "הגיון"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tark",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "तर्क"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rökfræði"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantik"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loighic"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica matematica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"alt": "ろんり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ronri",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "論理"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "takka",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "តក្ក"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"alt": "論理",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nolli",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "논리"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dialectica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loģika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantik"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "(whakaaro) arorau"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flitcræft"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "manteq",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "منطق"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logică"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nyāyam",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "न्यायम्"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "matwiran"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tarkamu",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "తర్కము"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtàk-gà",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "ตรรกะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "lajik"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantık"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "eseme"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lóhika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гіка"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "tark",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "ترک"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "mentiq",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "مەنتىق"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logic"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "lô-gíc"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"alt": "論理",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "luận lý"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rhesymeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "i-logic"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 2 0 1 15 0 12",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "logik",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לאָגיק"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Logic",
"orig": "en:Logic",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Philosophy",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Philosophy",
"orig": "en:Philosophy",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Mark Sainsbury, Logical Forms - An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing, page 9:",
"text": "An old tradition has it that there are two branches of logic: deductive logic and inductive logic. More recently, the differences between these disciplines have become so marked that most people nowadays use \"logic\" to mean deductive logic, reserving terms like \"confirmation theory\" for at least some of what used to be called inductive logic. I shall follow the more recent practice, and shall construe \"philosophy of logic\" as \"philosophy of deductive logic\".",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "logic"
}
],
"id": "en-logic-en-noun-4ih2iA8d",
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"inference",
"inference"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy, logic) The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements."
],
"id": "en-logic-en-noun-76jBKfNF",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"define",
"define"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, mathematics) The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manṭiq",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنْطِق"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tramabanutʻyun",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "տրամաբանություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "məntiq"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "takka.beda.",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "တက္ကဗေဒ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "lògica"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logique"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "higayon",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הגיון"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tārkik",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "तार्किक"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loighic"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"alt": "ろんりがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ronrigaku",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "論理学"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"alt": "論理學",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollihak",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "논리학"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flitcræft"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "manteq",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "منطق"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "sh",
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"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "sh",
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "logika"
},
{
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"code": "sl",
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"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "logika"
},
{
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"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "lógica"
},
{
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"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 16 59 16 1 0 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "dalubmatwiran"
},
{
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"code": "tl",
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"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "matwiran"
},
{
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"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "mantık"
},
{
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"code": "uk",
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"roman": "lóhika",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гіка"
},
{
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"code": "cy",
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"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "rhesymeg"
},
{
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"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "logik",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לאָגיק"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Mathematics",
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "2 6 7 9 37 7 15 13 0 3 1",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics."
],
"id": "en-logic-en-noun-szx4gFaU",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"formal",
"formal"
],
[
"informal",
"informal"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"deductive",
"deductive"
],
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"model-theoretic",
"model theory"
],
[
"semantics",
"semantics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, mathematics) A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mislovlje"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 2 4 81 3 4 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"word": "matwiran"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It's hard to work out his system of logic.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 151:",
"text": "This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Dan Andriacco, Murderers' Row:",
"text": "\"It's not a matter of opinion that she wasn't anywhere near her husband when somebody shoved a needle in him,\" I said, miffed. \"I would have seen her.\"\n\"By that logic, nobody did it because you didn't see anybody.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person."
],
"id": "en-logic-en-noun-WUEfPfjL",
"links": [
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"rigorous",
"rigorous"
],
[
"productive",
"productive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tramabanutʻyun",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "տրամաբանություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògica"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logique"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "higayon",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הגיון"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tark",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "तर्क"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"alt": "ろんり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ronri",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "論理"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "manteq",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "منطق"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 8 18 37 14 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
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"word": "application logic"
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{
"word": "Aristotelian logic"
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{
"word": "arithmetic logic unit"
},
{
"word": "Boolean logic"
},
{
"word": "business logic"
},
{
"word": "cacologic"
},
{
"word": "chop-logic"
},
{
"word": "chop logic"
},
{
"word": "chopped logic"
},
{
"word": "classical logic"
},
{
"word": "combinational logic"
},
{
"word": "combinatory logic"
},
{
"word": "computability logic"
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{
"word": "computation tree logic"
},
{
"word": "constructive logic"
},
{
"word": "deontic logic"
},
{
"word": "description logic"
},
{
"word": "diode logic"
},
{
"word": "diode-transistor logic"
},
{
"word": "domain logic"
},
{
"word": "doxastic logic"
},
{
"word": "emitter-coupled logic"
},
{
"word": "epistemic logic"
},
{
"word": "erasable programmable logic device"
},
{
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},
{
"word": "first-order logic"
},
{
"word": "formal logic"
},
{
"word": "fridge logic"
},
{
"word": "fuzzy logic"
},
{
"word": "Gunning transceiver logic"
},
{
"word": "Hoare logic"
},
{
"word": "informal logic"
},
{
"word": "intensional logic"
},
{
"word": "interpretability logic"
},
{
"word": "intuitionistic logic"
},
{
"word": "kettle logic"
},
{
"word": "ladder logic"
},
{
"word": "linear logic"
},
{
"word": "logic analyzer"
},
{
"word": "logic board"
},
{
"word": "logic bomb"
},
{
"word": "logic chopper"
},
{
"word": "logic-chopper"
},
{
"word": "logic diagram"
},
{
"word": "logic error"
},
{
"word": "logic fallacy"
},
{
"word": "logic form"
},
{
"word": "logic programming"
},
{
"word": "many-sorted logic"
},
{
"word": "many-valued logic"
},
{
"word": "material logic"
},
{
"word": "mathematical logic"
},
{
"word": "modal logic"
},
{
"word": "modern logic"
},
{
"word": "monadic predicate logic"
},
{
"word": "monadic second-order logic"
},
{
"word": "moon logic"
},
{
"word": "multi-valued logic"
},
{
"word": "mytho-logic"
},
{
"word": "negative logic"
},
{
"word": "nigger logic"
},
{
"word": "non-Aristotelian logic"
},
{
"word": "non-classical logic"
},
{
"word": "paraconsistent logic"
},
{
"word": "philosophical logic"
},
{
"word": "positive logic"
},
{
"word": "predicate logic"
},
{
"word": "presentation logic"
},
{
"word": "programmable logic array"
},
{
"word": "programmable logic controller"
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{
"word": "provability logic"
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{
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"word": "quantum logic"
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{
"word": "quantum logic gate"
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{
"word": "relevance logic"
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{
"word": "resistor-transistor logic"
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{
"word": "second-order logic"
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{
"word": "sentential logic"
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{
"word": "sequential logic"
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{
"word": "symbolic logic"
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{
"word": "temporal logic"
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{
"word": "term logic"
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{
"word": "ternary logic"
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{
"word": "time-loop logic"
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{
"word": "t-norm fuzzy logic"
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{
"word": "traditional logic"
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{
"word": "transistor-transistor logic"
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{
"word": "uncommitted logic array"
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{
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}
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{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
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{
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"lit": "art of arguing"
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"expansion": "Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "classical logic"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "symbolic logic"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "first-order logic"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "second-order logic"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "modal logic"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "temporal logic"
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{
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "proof"
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{
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "tautology"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "contradiction"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Boolean algebra"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "truth value"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "interpretation"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "model"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "set"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "conjunction"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "disjunction"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "negation"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "implication"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "material implication"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "equivalence"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "quantifier"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "therefore"
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Aristotle"
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"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Frege"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Russell"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Gödel"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:logic",
"word": "Appendix:Glossary of logic"
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"categories": [
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"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"ref": "2001, Mark Sainsbury, Logical Forms - An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing, page 9:",
"text": "An old tradition has it that there are two branches of logic: deductive logic and inductive logic. More recently, the differences between these disciplines have become so marked that most people nowadays use \"logic\" to mean deductive logic, reserving terms like \"confirmation theory\" for at least some of what used to be called inductive logic. I shall follow the more recent practice, and shall construe \"philosophy of logic\" as \"philosophy of deductive logic\".",
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],
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],
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[
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},
{
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},
{
"ref": "2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 151:",
"text": "This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020, Dan Andriacco, Murderers' Row:",
"text": "\"It's not a matter of opinion that she wasn't anywhere near her husband when somebody shoved a needle in him,\" I said, miffed. \"I would have seen her.\"\n\"By that logic, nobody did it because you didn't see anybody.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
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"text": "Fred is designing the logic for the new controller.",
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"glosses": [
"The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit."
],
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"logic circuit"
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"(uncountable) The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit."
],
"senseid": [
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Sociology"
],
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{
"ref": "2023, Alba Rosa Boer Cueva et al., Logics of empowerment in the women, peace and security agenda:",
"text": "\"We identify four logics of empowerment (political, economic, social, and security) and apply these to understanding empowerment’s historical and contemporary meanings-in-use.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice."
],
"links": [
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"sociology"
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"system"
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],
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"(countable, sociology) A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice."
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"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
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"social-science",
"sociology"
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"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lŏj'ĭk",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "lŏ'jĭk",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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},
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{
"enpr": "lŏj'ĭk",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒdʒɪk"
}
],
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},
{
"tags": [
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"translations": [
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"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logjikë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manṭiq",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنْطِق"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tramabanutʻyun",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "տրամաբանություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "məntiq"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "montek",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "মন্তেক"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògica"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "邏輯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "luóji",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "逻辑"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "論理"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lùnlǐ",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "论理"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logiko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "higayon",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "הגיון"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tark",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "तर्क"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rökfræði"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantik"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loighic"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica matematica"
},
{
"alt": "ろんり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ronri",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "論理"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "takka",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "តក្ក"
},
{
"alt": "論理",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nolli",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "논리"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dialectica"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loģika"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantik"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logik"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "(whakaaro) arorau"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flitcræft"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "manteq",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "منطق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logică"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "nyāyam",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "न्यायम्"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantiki"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "logik"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "matwiran"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "tarkamu",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "తర్కము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtàk-gà",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "ตรรกะ"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "lajik"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "mantık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "eseme"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lóhika",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гіка"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "tark",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "ترک"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "mentiq",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "مەنتىق"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "logic"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "lô-gíc"
},
{
"alt": "論理",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "luận lý"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rhesymeg"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"word": "i-logic"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "logik",
"sense": "method of human thought",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לאָגיק"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "manṭiq",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَنْطِق"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tramabanutʻyun",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "տրամաբանություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "məntiq"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "takka.beda.",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "တက္ကဗေဒ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "lògica"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "higayon",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הגיון"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tārkik",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "तार्किक"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loighic"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"alt": "ろんりがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ronrigaku",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "論理学"
},
{
"alt": "論理學",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollihak",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "논리학"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flitcræft"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "manteq",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "منطق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mislovlje"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "logik"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "dalubmatwiran"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "matwiran"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"word": "mantık"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "lóhika",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гіка"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rhesymeg"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "logik",
"sense": "mathematical study",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לאָגיק"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mislovlje"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "formal or informal language",
"word": "matwiran"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tramabanutʻyun",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "տրամաբանություն"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògica"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logique"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lóxica"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Logik"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "higayon",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הגיון"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tark",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "तर्क"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logica"
},
{
"alt": "ろんり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ronri",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "論理"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "lógika",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ло́гика"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "logikk"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "manteq",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "منطق"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mislovlje"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "logika"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "logik"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"word": "matwiran"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "logik",
"sense": "any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "לאָגיק"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations",
"word": "logiikka"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "logikí",
"sense": "part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations",
"word": "λογική"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lógica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lògika"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations",
"word": "matwiran"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:logic (disambiguation)",
"logic"
],
"word": "logic"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Xhosa translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Directives",
"en:Thinking"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "logik"
},
"expansion": "Middle English logik",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "logike"
},
"expansion": "Old French logike",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "logica"
},
"expansion": "Latin logica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "λογική",
"4": "",
"5": "logic"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "flitcræft",
"lit": "art of arguing"
},
"expansion": "Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "logics",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "logicking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "logicked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "logicked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "logics",
"2": "logicking",
"3": "logicked"
},
"expansion": "logic (third-person singular simple present logics, present participle logicking, simple past and past participle logicked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1884, Orestes Augustus Brownson, Controversy, page 21:",
"text": "Nay, is not the author himself \"logicking\" against logic, from the beginning of his book to the end ?",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, derogatory) To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, James Ellroy, Blood's a Rover, page 90:",
"text": "He logicked that one out. He snuck into Haiti and scored herbs to rev him and calm him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply logical reasoning to."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To apply logical reasoning to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2010, Jade Lee, Wicked Surrender:",
"text": "If things had gone as usual this night, if Kit had not logicked her into agreement, then she probably would have opened the door tonight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To overcome by logical argument."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To overcome by logical argument."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lŏj'ĭk",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "lŏ'jĭk",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-logic.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "lŏj'ĭk",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/",
"tags": [
"General-Australian"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒdʒɪk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "logick"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:logic (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "logic"
}
Download raw JSONL data for logic meaning in English (45.8kB)
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"msg": "logic/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logike\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logicus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logicus\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογῐκός\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logike, from Old French and Latin logicus, from Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"?\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Logical.\"], \"links\": [[\"Logical\", \"logical\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logike\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logicus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logicus\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογῐκός\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logike, from Old French and Latin logicus, from Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"?\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Logical.\"], \"links\": [[\"Logical\", \"logical\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logike\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logicus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logicus\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογῐκός\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logike, from Old French and Latin logicus, from Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"?\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Logical.\"], \"links\": [[\"Logical\", \"logical\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logike\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logicus\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logicus\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογῐκός\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logike, from Old French and Latin logicus, from Ancient Greek λογῐκός (logikós).\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"?\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"Logical.\"], \"links\": [[\"Logical\", \"logical\"]]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
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\"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"application logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"arithmetic logic unit\"}, {\"word\": \"Boolean logic\"}, {\"word\": \"business logic\"}, {\"word\": \"cacologic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chopped logic\"}, {\"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinatory logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computation tree logic\"}, {\"word\": \"constructive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"deontic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"description logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"domain logic\"}, {\"word\": \"doxastic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"emitter-coupled logic\"}, {\"word\": \"epistemic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"erasable programmable logic device\"}, {\"word\": \"fat logic\"}, {\"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fridge logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Gunning transceiver logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Hoare logic\"}, {\"word\": \"informal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intensional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"interpretability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"kettle logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ladder logic\"}, {\"word\": \"linear logic\"}, {\"word\": \"logic analyzer\"}, {\"word\": \"logic board\"}, {\"word\": \"logic bomb\"}, {\"word\": \"logic chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic-chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic diagram\"}, {\"word\": \"logic error\"}, {\"word\": \"logic fallacy\"}, {\"word\": \"logic form\"}, {\"word\": \"logic programming\"}, {\"word\": \"many-sorted logic\"}, {\"word\": \"many-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"material logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modern logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"moon logic\"}, {\"word\": \"multi-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mytho-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"negative logic\"}, {\"word\": \"nigger logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"paraconsistent logic\"}, {\"word\": \"philosophical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"positive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"presentation logic\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic controller\"}, {\"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"provability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantificational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic gate\"}, {\"word\": \"relevance logic\"}, {\"word\": \"resistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sentential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sequential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"term logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ternary logic\"}, {\"word\": \"time-loop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"t-norm fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"traditional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"transistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"uncommitted logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"unlogic\"}, {\"word\": \"zero-order logic\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"邏輯\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (countable and uncountable, plural logics)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"philosophy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"mathematics\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"deductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logical calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate calculus\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"logician\"}, {\"word\": \"logical\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"argument\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fallacy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"premise\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conclusion\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"validity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"atomic proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"relation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference rule\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"syllogism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus ponens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus tollens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"definition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"axiom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"theorem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proof\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"derivation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"antecedent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"consequent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"necessity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"possible world\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formula\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"sentence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"free variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"bound variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"tautology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"contradiction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Boolean algebra\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"truth value\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"interpretation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"model\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"set\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"disjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"negation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"material implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"equivalence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"quantifier\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"and\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"or\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"not\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"if\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"when\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"unless\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"thus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"therefore\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"it follows\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"for each\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"exists\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"¬\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"~\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∧\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"&\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∨\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"→\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↛\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇒\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇏\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⊃\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"≡\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Frege\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Russell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Gödel\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Appendix:Glossary of logic\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"links\": [[\"thought\", \"thought\"], [\"linear\", \"linear\"], [\"scientific method\", \"scientific method\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Logic\", \"en:Philosophy\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2001, Mark Sainsbury, Logical Forms - An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing, page 9:\", \"text\": \"An old tradition has it that there are two branches of logic: deductive logic and inductive logic. More recently, the differences between these disciplines have become so marked that most people nowadays use \\\"logic\\\" to mean deductive logic, reserving terms like \\\"confirmation theory\\\" for at least some of what used to be called inductive logic. I shall follow the more recent practice, and shall construe \\\"philosophy of logic\\\" as \\\"philosophy of deductive logic\\\".\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"logic\"}], \"links\": [[\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"logic\", \"logic\"], [\"inference\", \"inference\"], [\"demonstration\", \"demonstration\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(philosophy, logic) The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"define\", \"define\"], [\"proof\", \"proof\"], [\"statement\", \"statement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable, mathematics) The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"formal\", \"formal\"], [\"informal\", \"informal\"], [\"language\", \"language\"], [\"deductive\", \"deductive\"], [\"system\", \"system\"], [\"model-theoretic\", \"model theory\"], [\"semantics\", \"semantics\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, mathematics) A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It's hard to work out his system of logic.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 151:\", \"text\": \"This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, Dan Andriacco, Murderers' Row:\", \"text\": \"\\\"It's not a matter of opinion that she wasn't anywhere near her husband when somebody shoved a needle in him,\\\" I said, miffed. \\\"I would have seen her.\\\"\\n\\\"By that logic, nobody did it because you didn't see anybody.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"links\": [[\"system\", \"system\"], [\"rigorous\", \"rigorous\"], [\"productive\", \"productive\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fred is designing the logic for the new controller.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"links\": [[\"logic gate\", \"logic gate\"], [\"logic circuit\", \"logic circuit\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q173156\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q173156\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Sociology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023, Alba Rosa Boer Cueva et al., Logics of empowerment in the women, peace and security agenda:\", \"text\": \"\\\"We identify four logics of empowerment (political, economic, social, and security) and apply these to understanding empowerment’s historical and contemporary meanings-in-use.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"links\": [[\"sociology\", \"sociology\"], [\"system\", \"system\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, sociology) A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"social-science\", \"sociology\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"formal\", \"modern\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"study\"}, {\"sense\": \"system\", \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"formal system\"}, {\"topics\": [\"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logic\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logjikë\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"montek\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"মন্তেক\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"邏輯\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"luóji\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"逻辑\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lùnlǐ\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"论理\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rökfræði\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica matematica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"takka\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"តក្ក\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nolli\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"논리\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dialectica\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loģika\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"(whakaaro) arorau\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logică\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"nyāyam\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"न्यायम्\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"tarkamu\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"తర్కము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"dtàk-gà\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ตรรกะ\"}, {\"code\": \"tpi\", \"lang\": \"Tok Pisin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lajik\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"eseme\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ترک\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"mentiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"مەنتىق\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logic\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lô-gíc\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"luận lý\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"xh\", \"lang\": \"Xhosa\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"i-logic\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"takka.beda.\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"တက္ကဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tārkik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"तार्किक\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんりがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronrigaku\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"論理学\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nollihak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"논리학\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"dalubmatwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\", \"logic\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"application logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"arithmetic logic unit\"}, {\"word\": \"Boolean logic\"}, {\"word\": \"business logic\"}, {\"word\": \"cacologic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chopped logic\"}, {\"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinatory logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computation tree logic\"}, {\"word\": \"constructive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"deontic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"description logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"domain logic\"}, {\"word\": \"doxastic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"emitter-coupled logic\"}, {\"word\": \"epistemic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"erasable programmable logic device\"}, {\"word\": \"fat logic\"}, {\"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fridge logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Gunning transceiver logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Hoare logic\"}, {\"word\": \"informal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intensional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"interpretability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"kettle logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ladder logic\"}, {\"word\": \"linear logic\"}, {\"word\": \"logic analyzer\"}, {\"word\": \"logic board\"}, {\"word\": \"logic bomb\"}, {\"word\": \"logic chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic-chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic diagram\"}, {\"word\": \"logic error\"}, {\"word\": \"logic fallacy\"}, {\"word\": \"logic form\"}, {\"word\": \"logic programming\"}, {\"word\": \"many-sorted logic\"}, {\"word\": \"many-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"material logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modern logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"moon logic\"}, {\"word\": \"multi-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mytho-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"negative logic\"}, {\"word\": \"nigger logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"paraconsistent logic\"}, {\"word\": \"philosophical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"positive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"presentation logic\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic controller\"}, {\"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"provability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantificational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic gate\"}, {\"word\": \"relevance logic\"}, {\"word\": \"resistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sentential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sequential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"term logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ternary logic\"}, {\"word\": \"time-loop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"t-norm fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"traditional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"transistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"uncommitted logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"unlogic\"}, {\"word\": \"zero-order logic\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"邏輯\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (countable and uncountable, plural logics)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"philosophy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"mathematics\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"deductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logical calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate calculus\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"logician\"}, {\"word\": \"logical\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"argument\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fallacy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"premise\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conclusion\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"validity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"atomic proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"relation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference rule\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"syllogism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus ponens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus tollens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"definition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"axiom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"theorem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proof\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"derivation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"antecedent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"consequent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"necessity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"possible world\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formula\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"sentence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"free variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"bound variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"tautology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"contradiction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Boolean algebra\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"truth value\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"interpretation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"model\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"set\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"disjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"negation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"material implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"equivalence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"quantifier\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"and\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"or\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"not\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"if\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"when\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"unless\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"thus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"therefore\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"it follows\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"for each\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"exists\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"¬\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"~\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∧\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"&\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∨\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"→\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↛\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇒\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇏\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⊃\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"≡\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Frege\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Russell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Gödel\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Appendix:Glossary of logic\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"links\": [[\"thought\", \"thought\"], [\"linear\", \"linear\"], [\"scientific method\", \"scientific method\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Logic\", \"en:Philosophy\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2001, Mark Sainsbury, Logical Forms - An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing, page 9:\", \"text\": \"An old tradition has it that there are two branches of logic: deductive logic and inductive logic. More recently, the differences between these disciplines have become so marked that most people nowadays use \\\"logic\\\" to mean deductive logic, reserving terms like \\\"confirmation theory\\\" for at least some of what used to be called inductive logic. I shall follow the more recent practice, and shall construe \\\"philosophy of logic\\\" as \\\"philosophy of deductive logic\\\".\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"logic\"}], \"links\": [[\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"logic\", \"logic\"], [\"inference\", \"inference\"], [\"demonstration\", \"demonstration\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(philosophy, logic) The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"define\", \"define\"], [\"proof\", \"proof\"], [\"statement\", \"statement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable, mathematics) The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"formal\", \"formal\"], [\"informal\", \"informal\"], [\"language\", \"language\"], [\"deductive\", \"deductive\"], [\"system\", \"system\"], [\"model-theoretic\", \"model theory\"], [\"semantics\", \"semantics\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, mathematics) A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It's hard to work out his system of logic.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 151:\", \"text\": \"This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, Dan Andriacco, Murderers' Row:\", \"text\": \"\\\"It's not a matter of opinion that she wasn't anywhere near her husband when somebody shoved a needle in him,\\\" I said, miffed. \\\"I would have seen her.\\\"\\n\\\"By that logic, nobody did it because you didn't see anybody.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"links\": [[\"system\", \"system\"], [\"rigorous\", \"rigorous\"], [\"productive\", \"productive\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fred is designing the logic for the new controller.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"links\": [[\"logic gate\", \"logic gate\"], [\"logic circuit\", \"logic circuit\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q173156\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q173156\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Sociology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023, Alba Rosa Boer Cueva et al., Logics of empowerment in the women, peace and security agenda:\", \"text\": \"\\\"We identify four logics of empowerment (political, economic, social, and security) and apply these to understanding empowerment’s historical and contemporary meanings-in-use.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"links\": [[\"sociology\", \"sociology\"], [\"system\", \"system\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, sociology) A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"social-science\", \"sociology\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"formal\", \"modern\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"study\"}, {\"sense\": \"system\", \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"formal system\"}, {\"topics\": [\"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logic\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logjikë\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"montek\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"মন্তেক\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"邏輯\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"luóji\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"逻辑\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lùnlǐ\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"论理\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rökfræði\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica matematica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"takka\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"តក្ក\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nolli\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"논리\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dialectica\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loģika\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"(whakaaro) arorau\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logică\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"nyāyam\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"न्यायम्\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"tarkamu\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"తర్కము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"dtàk-gà\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ตรรกะ\"}, {\"code\": \"tpi\", \"lang\": \"Tok Pisin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lajik\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"eseme\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ترک\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"mentiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"مەنتىق\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logic\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lô-gíc\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"luận lý\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"xh\", \"lang\": \"Xhosa\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"i-logic\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"takka.beda.\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"တက္ကဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tārkik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"तार्किक\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんりがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronrigaku\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"論理学\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nollihak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"논리학\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"dalubmatwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\", \"logic\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"application logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"arithmetic logic unit\"}, {\"word\": \"Boolean logic\"}, {\"word\": \"business logic\"}, {\"word\": \"cacologic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chopped logic\"}, {\"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinatory logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computation tree logic\"}, {\"word\": \"constructive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"deontic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"description logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"domain logic\"}, {\"word\": \"doxastic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"emitter-coupled logic\"}, {\"word\": \"epistemic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"erasable programmable logic device\"}, {\"word\": \"fat logic\"}, {\"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fridge logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Gunning transceiver logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Hoare logic\"}, {\"word\": \"informal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intensional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"interpretability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"kettle logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ladder logic\"}, {\"word\": \"linear logic\"}, {\"word\": \"logic analyzer\"}, {\"word\": \"logic board\"}, {\"word\": \"logic bomb\"}, {\"word\": \"logic chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic-chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic diagram\"}, {\"word\": \"logic error\"}, {\"word\": \"logic fallacy\"}, {\"word\": \"logic form\"}, {\"word\": \"logic programming\"}, {\"word\": \"many-sorted logic\"}, {\"word\": \"many-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"material logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modern logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"moon logic\"}, {\"word\": \"multi-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mytho-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"negative logic\"}, {\"word\": \"nigger logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"paraconsistent logic\"}, {\"word\": \"philosophical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"positive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"presentation logic\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic controller\"}, {\"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"provability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantificational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic gate\"}, {\"word\": \"relevance logic\"}, {\"word\": \"resistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sentential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sequential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"term logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ternary logic\"}, {\"word\": \"time-loop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"t-norm fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"traditional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"transistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"uncommitted logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"unlogic\"}, {\"word\": \"zero-order logic\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"邏輯\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (countable and uncountable, plural logics)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"philosophy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"mathematics\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"deductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logical calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate calculus\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"logician\"}, {\"word\": \"logical\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"argument\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fallacy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"premise\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conclusion\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"validity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"atomic proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"relation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference rule\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"syllogism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus ponens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus tollens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"definition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"axiom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"theorem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proof\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"derivation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"antecedent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"consequent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"necessity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"possible world\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formula\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"sentence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"free variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"bound variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"tautology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"contradiction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Boolean algebra\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"truth value\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"interpretation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"model\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"set\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"disjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"negation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"material implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"equivalence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"quantifier\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"and\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"or\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"not\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"if\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"when\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"unless\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"thus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"therefore\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"it follows\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"for each\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"exists\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"¬\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"~\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∧\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"&\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∨\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"→\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↛\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇒\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇏\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⊃\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"≡\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Frege\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Russell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Gödel\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Appendix:Glossary of logic\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"links\": [[\"thought\", \"thought\"], [\"linear\", \"linear\"], [\"scientific method\", \"scientific method\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Logic\", \"en:Philosophy\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2001, Mark Sainsbury, Logical Forms - An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing, page 9:\", \"text\": \"An old tradition has it that there are two branches of logic: deductive logic and inductive logic. More recently, the differences between these disciplines have become so marked that most people nowadays use \\\"logic\\\" to mean deductive logic, reserving terms like \\\"confirmation theory\\\" for at least some of what used to be called inductive logic. I shall follow the more recent practice, and shall construe \\\"philosophy of logic\\\" as \\\"philosophy of deductive logic\\\".\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"logic\"}], \"links\": [[\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"logic\", \"logic\"], [\"inference\", \"inference\"], [\"demonstration\", \"demonstration\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(philosophy, logic) The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"define\", \"define\"], [\"proof\", \"proof\"], [\"statement\", \"statement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable, mathematics) The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"formal\", \"formal\"], [\"informal\", \"informal\"], [\"language\", \"language\"], [\"deductive\", \"deductive\"], [\"system\", \"system\"], [\"model-theoretic\", \"model theory\"], [\"semantics\", \"semantics\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, mathematics) A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It's hard to work out his system of logic.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 151:\", \"text\": \"This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, Dan Andriacco, Murderers' Row:\", \"text\": \"\\\"It's not a matter of opinion that she wasn't anywhere near her husband when somebody shoved a needle in him,\\\" I said, miffed. \\\"I would have seen her.\\\"\\n\\\"By that logic, nobody did it because you didn't see anybody.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"links\": [[\"system\", \"system\"], [\"rigorous\", \"rigorous\"], [\"productive\", \"productive\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fred is designing the logic for the new controller.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"links\": [[\"logic gate\", \"logic gate\"], [\"logic circuit\", \"logic circuit\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q173156\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q173156\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Sociology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023, Alba Rosa Boer Cueva et al., Logics of empowerment in the women, peace and security agenda:\", \"text\": \"\\\"We identify four logics of empowerment (political, economic, social, and security) and apply these to understanding empowerment’s historical and contemporary meanings-in-use.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"links\": [[\"sociology\", \"sociology\"], [\"system\", \"system\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, sociology) A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"social-science\", \"sociology\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"formal\", \"modern\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"study\"}, {\"sense\": \"system\", \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"formal system\"}, {\"topics\": [\"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logic\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logjikë\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"montek\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"মন্তেক\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"邏輯\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"luóji\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"逻辑\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lùnlǐ\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"论理\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rökfræði\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica matematica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"takka\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"តក្ក\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nolli\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"논리\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dialectica\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loģika\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"(whakaaro) arorau\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logică\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"nyāyam\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"न्यायम्\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"tarkamu\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"తర్కము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"dtàk-gà\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ตรรกะ\"}, {\"code\": \"tpi\", \"lang\": \"Tok Pisin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lajik\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"eseme\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ترک\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"mentiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"مەنتىق\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logic\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lô-gíc\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"luận lý\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"xh\", \"lang\": \"Xhosa\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"i-logic\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"takka.beda.\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"တက္ကဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tārkik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"तार्किक\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんりがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronrigaku\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"論理学\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nollihak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"논리학\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"dalubmatwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\", \"logic\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"application logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"arithmetic logic unit\"}, {\"word\": \"Boolean logic\"}, {\"word\": \"business logic\"}, {\"word\": \"cacologic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"chopped logic\"}, {\"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"combinatory logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"computation tree logic\"}, {\"word\": \"constructive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"deontic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"description logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode logic\"}, {\"word\": \"diode-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"domain logic\"}, {\"word\": \"doxastic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"emitter-coupled logic\"}, {\"word\": \"epistemic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"erasable programmable logic device\"}, {\"word\": \"fat logic\"}, {\"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fridge logic\"}, {\"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Gunning transceiver logic\"}, {\"word\": \"Hoare logic\"}, {\"word\": \"informal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intensional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"interpretability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"kettle logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ladder logic\"}, {\"word\": \"linear logic\"}, {\"word\": \"logic analyzer\"}, {\"word\": \"logic board\"}, {\"word\": \"logic bomb\"}, {\"word\": \"logic chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic-chopper\"}, {\"word\": \"logic diagram\"}, {\"word\": \"logic error\"}, {\"word\": \"logic fallacy\"}, {\"word\": \"logic form\"}, {\"word\": \"logic programming\"}, {\"word\": \"many-sorted logic\"}, {\"word\": \"many-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"material logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mathematical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"modern logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"monadic second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"moon logic\"}, {\"word\": \"multi-valued logic\"}, {\"word\": \"mytho-logic\"}, {\"word\": \"negative logic\"}, {\"word\": \"nigger logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"word\": \"non-classical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"paraconsistent logic\"}, {\"word\": \"philosophical logic\"}, {\"word\": \"positive logic\"}, {\"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"word\": \"presentation logic\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"programmable logic controller\"}, {\"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"provability logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantificational logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic\"}, {\"word\": \"quantum logic gate\"}, {\"word\": \"relevance logic\"}, {\"word\": \"resistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sentential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"sequential logic\"}, {\"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"word\": \"term logic\"}, {\"word\": \"ternary logic\"}, {\"word\": \"time-loop logic\"}, {\"word\": \"t-norm fuzzy logic\"}, {\"word\": \"traditional logic\"}, {\"word\": \"transistor-transistor logic\"}, {\"word\": \"uncommitted logic array\"}, {\"word\": \"unlogic\"}, {\"word\": \"zero-order logic\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"邏輯\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 邏輯／逻辑 (luójí)\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (countable and uncountable, plural logics)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"holonyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"philosophy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"mathematics\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"meronyms\": [{\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotelian logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"classical logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"symbolic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"first-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"second-order logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"temporal logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fuzzy logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"intuitionistic logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"deductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inductive logic\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logical calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"propositional calculus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate calculus\"}], \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"logician\"}, {\"word\": \"logical\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"argument\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"fallacy\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"premise\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conclusion\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"validity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"atomic proposition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"predicate\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"relation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"inference rule\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"syllogism\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus ponens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"modus tollens\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"definition\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"axiom\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"theorem\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"proof\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"derivation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"antecedent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"consequent\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"necessity\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"possible world\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"formula\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"sentence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"free variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"bound variable\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"tautology\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"contradiction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Boolean algebra\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"truth value\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"interpretation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"model\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"set\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"conjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"disjunction\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"negation\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"material implication\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"equivalence\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"quantifier\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"and\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"or\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"not\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"if\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"when\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"unless\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"thus\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"therefore\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"it follows\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"for each\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"exists\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"¬\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"~\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∧\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"&\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"∨\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"→\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↛\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇒\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇏\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⊃\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"↔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"⇔\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"≡\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Aristotle\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Frege\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Russell\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Gödel\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"Appendix:Glossary of logic\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\"], \"glosses\": [\"A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"links\": [[\"thought\", \"thought\"], [\"linear\", \"linear\"], [\"scientific method\", \"scientific method\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) A method of human thought that involves thinking in a linear, step-by-step manner about how a problem can be solved. Logic is the basis of many principles including the scientific method.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Logic\", \"en:Philosophy\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2001, Mark Sainsbury, Logical Forms - An Introduction to Philosophical Logic, Second Edition, Blackwell Publishing, page 9:\", \"text\": \"An old tradition has it that there are two branches of logic: deductive logic and inductive logic. More recently, the differences between these disciplines have become so marked that most people nowadays use \\\"logic\\\" to mean deductive logic, reserving terms like \\\"confirmation theory\\\" for at least some of what used to be called inductive logic. I shall follow the more recent practice, and shall construe \\\"philosophy of logic\\\" as \\\"philosophy of deductive logic\\\".\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"logic\"}], \"links\": [[\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"logic\", \"logic\"], [\"inference\", \"inference\"], [\"demonstration\", \"demonstration\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(philosophy, logic) The study of the principles and criteria of valid inference and demonstration.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English uncountable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"define\", \"define\"], [\"proof\", \"proof\"], [\"statement\", \"statement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable, mathematics) The mathematical study of relationships between rigorously defined concepts and of mathematical proof of statements.\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"formal\", \"formal\"], [\"informal\", \"informal\"], [\"language\", \"language\"], [\"deductive\", \"deductive\"], [\"system\", \"system\"], [\"model-theoretic\", \"model theory\"], [\"semantics\", \"semantics\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, mathematics) A formal or informal language together with a deductive system or a model-theoretic semantics.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"It's hard to work out his system of logic.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 151:\", \"text\": \"This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2020, Dan Andriacco, Murderers' Row:\", \"text\": \"\\\"It's not a matter of opinion that she wasn't anywhere near her husband when somebody shoved a needle in him,\\\" I said, miffed. \\\"I would have seen her.\\\"\\n\\\"By that logic, nobody did it because you didn't see anybody.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"links\": [[\"system\", \"system\"], [\"rigorous\", \"rigorous\"], [\"productive\", \"productive\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable) Any system of thought, whether rigorous and productive or not, especially one associated with a particular person.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English uncountable nouns\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fred is designing the logic for the new controller.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"links\": [[\"logic gate\", \"logic gate\"], [\"logic circuit\", \"logic circuit\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(uncountable) The part of a system (usually electronic) that performs the boolean logic operations, short for logic gates or logic circuit.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q173156\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q173156\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\", \"en:Sociology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023, Alba Rosa Boer Cueva et al., Logics of empowerment in the women, peace and security agenda:\", \"text\": \"\\\"We identify four logics of empowerment (political, economic, social, and security) and apply these to understanding empowerment’s historical and contemporary meanings-in-use.\\\"\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"links\": [[\"sociology\", \"sociology\"], [\"system\", \"system\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(countable, sociology) A system of thought or collection of rhetoric, especially one associated with a social practice.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"social-science\", \"sociology\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"formal\", \"modern\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\", \"logic\", \"mathematics\", \"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"study\"}, {\"sense\": \"system\", \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"formal system\"}, {\"topics\": [\"philosophy\", \"human-sciences\", \"sciences\"], \"word\": \"predicate logic\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}, {\"source\": \"Thesaurus:logic\", \"word\": \"logic\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logjikë\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"montek\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"মন্তেক\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"邏輯\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"luóji\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"逻辑\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"lùnlǐ\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"论理\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rökfræði\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica matematica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"takka\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"តក្ក\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nolli\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"논리\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"dialectica\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loģika\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantik\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"(whakaaro) arorau\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logică\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"nyāyam\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"न्यायम्\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"tarkamu\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"తర్కము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"dtàk-gà\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ตรรกะ\"}, {\"code\": \"tpi\", \"lang\": \"Tok Pisin\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lajik\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"eseme\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"ترک\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"mentiq\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"مەنتىق\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"logic\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"lô-gíc\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"luận lý\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"xh\", \"lang\": \"Xhosa\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"word\": \"i-logic\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"method of human thought\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"manṭiq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"مَنْطِق\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"məntiq\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"takka.beda.\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"တက္ကဗေဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tārkik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"तार्किक\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"loighic\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんりがく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronrigaku\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"論理学\"}, {\"alt\": \"論理學\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"nollihak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"논리학\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"flitcræft\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"dalubmatwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"word\": \"mantık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"lóhika\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гіка\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rhesymeg\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"mathematical study\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"formal or informal language\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"tramabanutʻyun\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"տրամաբանություն\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògica\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logique\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lóxica\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Logik\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"higayon\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"הגיון\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"tark\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"तर्क\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logica\"}, {\"alt\": \"ろんり\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"ronri\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"論理\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"lógika\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ло́гика\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"logikk\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"manteq\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"منطق\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"mislovlje\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"logika\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"logik\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"logik\", \"sense\": \"any system of thought, irrespective of its rigor or productiveness\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"לאָגיק\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"logiikka\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"logikí\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"λογική\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lógica\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lògika\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"part of an electronic system that performs the boolean logic operations\", \"word\": \"matwiran\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\", \"logic\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"logics\", \"2\": \"logicking\", \"3\": \"logicked\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (third-person singular simple present logics, present participle logicking, simple past and past participle logicked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English derogatory terms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1884, Orestes Augustus Brownson, Controversy, page 21:\", \"text\": \"Nay, is not the author himself \\\"logicking\\\" against logic, from the beginning of his book to the end ?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"links\": [[\"derogatory\", \"derogatory\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, derogatory) To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"tags\": [\"derogatory\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, James Ellroy, Blood's a Rover, page 90:\", \"text\": \"He logicked that one out. He snuck into Haiti and scored herbs to rev him and calm him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Jade Lee, Wicked Surrender:\", \"text\": \"If things had gone as usual this night, if Kit had not logicked her into agreement, then she probably would have opened the door tonight.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"logics\", \"2\": \"logicking\", \"3\": \"logicked\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (third-person singular simple present logics, present participle logicking, simple past and past participle logicked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English derogatory terms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1884, Orestes Augustus Brownson, Controversy, page 21:\", \"text\": \"Nay, is not the author himself \\\"logicking\\\" against logic, from the beginning of his book to the end ?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"links\": [[\"derogatory\", \"derogatory\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, derogatory) To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"tags\": [\"derogatory\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, James Ellroy, Blood's a Rover, page 90:\", \"text\": \"He logicked that one out. He snuck into Haiti and scored herbs to rev him and calm him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Jade Lee, Wicked Surrender:\", \"text\": \"If things had gone as usual this night, if Kit had not logicked her into agreement, then she probably would have opened the door tonight.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"logics\", \"2\": \"logicking\", \"3\": \"logicked\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (third-person singular simple present logics, present participle logicking, simple past and past participle logicked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English derogatory terms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1884, Orestes Augustus Brownson, Controversy, page 21:\", \"text\": \"Nay, is not the author himself \\\"logicking\\\" against logic, from the beginning of his book to the end ?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"links\": [[\"derogatory\", \"derogatory\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, derogatory) To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"tags\": [\"derogatory\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, James Ellroy, Blood's a Rover, page 90:\", \"text\": \"He logicked that one out. He snuck into Haiti and scored herbs to rev him and calm him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Jade Lee, Wicked Surrender:\", \"text\": \"If things had gone as usual this night, if Kit had not logicked her into agreement, then she probably would have opened the door tonight.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "logic/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Ancient Greek\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒdʒɪk/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tok Pisin translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with Xhosa translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Directives\", \"en:Thinking\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"logik\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English logik\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"logike\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French logike\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"logica\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin logica\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"grc\", \"3\": \"λογική\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"logic\"}, \"expansion\": \"Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"flitcræft\", \"lit\": \"art of arguing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”)\", \"name\": \"ncog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English logik, from Old French logike, from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from feminine of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”). Displaced native Old English flitcræft (literally “art of arguing”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"logics\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"logicked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"logics\", \"2\": \"logicking\", \"3\": \"logicked\"}, \"expansion\": \"logic (third-person singular simple present logics, present participle logicking, simple past and past participle logicked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English derogatory terms\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1884, Orestes Augustus Brownson, Controversy, page 21:\", \"text\": \"Nay, is not the author himself \\\"logicking\\\" against logic, from the beginning of his book to the end ?\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"links\": [[\"derogatory\", \"derogatory\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, derogatory) To engage in excessive or inappropriate application of logic.\"], \"tags\": [\"derogatory\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, James Ellroy, Blood's a Rover, page 90:\", \"text\": \"He logicked that one out. He snuck into Haiti and scored herbs to rev him and calm him.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To apply logical reasoning to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2010, Jade Lee, Wicked Surrender:\", \"text\": \"If things had gone as usual this night, if Kit had not logicked her into agreement, then she probably would have opened the door tonight.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To overcome by logical argument.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɒd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏ'jĭk\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-logic.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg/En-us-logic.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/En-us-logic.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"lŏj'ĭk\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈlɔd͡ʒ.ɪk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒdʒɪk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"archaic\"], \"word\": \"logick\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:logic (disambiguation)\"], \"word\": \"logic\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "logic",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.