"necessity" meaning in English

See necessity in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /nɪˈsɛsəti/ Audio: en-us-necessity.ogg [US] Forms: necessities [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English necessite, from Old French necessite, from Latin necessitās (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”), from necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”); see necessary. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|necessite}} Middle English necessite, {{der|en|fro|necessite}} Old French necessite, {{der|en|la|necessitās|t=unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity}} Latin necessitās (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”), {{m|la|necesse|t=unavoidable, inevitable}} necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”), {{m|en|necessary}} necessary Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} necessity (countable and uncountable, plural necessities)
  1. The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Directives Synonyms (state of being necessary): inevitability, needfulness, certainty Translations (quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite): nevojë [feminine] (Albanian), mbëhi [feminine] (Albanian), ἀνάγκη (anánkē) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), ضَرُورَة (ḍarūra) [feminine] (Arabic), حَاجَة (ḥāja) [feminine] (Arabic), անհրաժեշտություն (anhražeštutʿyun) (Armenian), necesidá [feminine] (Asturian), zərurət (Azerbaijani), ehtiyac (Azerbaijani), ихтыяж (ixtıyaj) (Bashkir), кәрәклек (kərəklek) (Bashkir), неабхо́днасць (njeabxódnascʹ) [feminine] (Belarusian), нужда́ (nuždá) [feminine] (Belarusian), нужа́ (nužá) [feminine] (Belarusian), патрэ́ба (patréba) [feminine] (Belarusian), кане́чнасць (kanjéčnascʹ) [feminine] (Belarusian), патрэ́бнасць (patrébnascʹ) [feminine] (Belarusian), জরুরৎ (jorurot) (Bengali), необходи́мост (neobhodímost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), ну́жда (núžda) [feminine] (Bulgarian), потре́бност (potrébnost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), လိုအပ်ခြင်း (luiaphkrang:) (Burmese), necessitat [feminine] (Catalan), پێویست (pêwîst) (Central Kurdish), 必要性 (bìyàoxìng) (Chinese Mandarin), 必要 (bìyào) (Chinese Mandarin), 要求 (yāoqiú) (Chinese Mandarin), 需求 (xūqiú) (Chinese Mandarin), нужда (nužda) [Cyrillic, feminine] (Church Slavic), ноужда (nužda) [Cyrillic, feminine] (Church Slavic), кирлӗлӗх (kirlĕlĕh) (Chuvash), nutnost [feminine] (Czech), behov [neuter] (Danish), nødvendighed [common-gender] (Danish), fornødenhed (Danish), behoefte [feminine] (Dutch), neceso (Esperanto), neceseco (Esperanto), vajalikkus (Estonian), tarpeellisuus (Finnish), välttämättömyys (Finnish), korvaamattomuus (Finnish), tarve (Finnish), nécessité [feminine] (French), besoin [masculine] (French), necesidade [feminine] (Galician), საჭიროება (sač̣iroeba) (Georgian), აუცილებლობა (aucilebloba) (Georgian), Notwendigkeit [feminine] (German), Nezessität [feminine] (German), Not [feminine] (German), Bedürfnis [neuter] (German), Bedarf [masculine] (German), ανάγκη (anágki) [feminine] (Greek), צורך \ צֹרֶךְ (tsórekh) [masculine] (Hebrew), ज़रूरत (zarūrat) [feminine] (Hindi), आवश्यकता (āvaśyaktā) [feminine] (Hindi), muszáj (Hungarian), szükség (Hungarian), szükségesség (Hungarian), þörf [feminine] (Icelandic), keperluan (Indonesian), kebutuhan (Indonesian), besonio (Interlingua), necessità [feminine] (Italian), bisogno [masculine] (Italian), 必要性 (hitsuyōsei) (alt: ひつようせい) (Japanese), 必然性 (hitsuzensei) (alt: ひつぜんせい) (Japanese), 必要 (hitsuyō) (alt: ひつよう) (Japanese), 要求 (yōkyū) (alt: ようきゅう) (Japanese), ニーズ (nīzu) (Japanese), қажеттілік (qajettılık) (Kazakh), 필요성 (piryoseong) (Korean), 필요 (piryo) (Korean), 요구 (yogu) (Korean), зарылдык (zarıldık) (Kyrgyz), зарылчылык (zarılcılık) (Kyrgyz), муктаждык (muktajdık) (Kyrgyz), necessitās [feminine] (Latin), vajadzība [feminine] (Latvian), poreikis [masculine] (Lithuanian), нужда (nužda) [feminine] (Macedonian), потреба (potreba) [feminine] (Macedonian), неопходност (neophodnost) [feminine] (Macedonian), keperluan (Malay), hajat (Malay), आवश्यकता (āwasyakatā) (Nepali), pêwîst (Northern Kurdish), ihtiyac (Northern Kurdish), behov [neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), nødvendighet [feminine, masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), нужа (nuža) [feminine] (Old East Slavic), ضرورت (zarurát) [masculine] (Pashto), حاجت (hāǰát) (Pashto), نياز (nyāz) (Pashto), احتياج (ehteyãǰ) [masculine] (Pashto), لزوم (lozúm) [masculine] (Pashto), ضرورت (zarurat) (Persian), نیاز (niyâz) (Persian), احتیاج (ehtiyâj) (Persian), Muss [masculine] (Plautdietsch), potrzeba [feminine] (Polish), konieczność [feminine] (Polish), necessidade [feminine] (Portuguese), necesitate [feminine] (Romanian), необходи́мость (neobxodímostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), нужда́ (nuždá) [feminine] (Russian), потре́бность (potrébnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), на́добность (nádobnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), feum [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), ну̏жно̄ст [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), неопхо́дно̄ст [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), по̏треба [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), nȕžnōst [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), neophódnōst [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), pȍtreba [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), nutnosť [feminine] (Slovak), potreba [feminine] (Slovak), nujnost [feminine] (Slovene), potreba [feminine] (Slovene), nuja [feminine] (Slovene), necesidad [feminine] (Spanish), menester (Spanish), haja [class-10, class-9] (Swahili), behov [neuter] (Swedish), nöd [common-gender] (Swedish), nödvändighet [common-gender] (Swedish), pangangailangan (Tagalog), зарурат (zarurat) (Tajik), ниёз (niyoz) (Tajik), эҳтиёҷ (ehtiyoj) (Tajik), ихтыяҗ (ixtıyac) (Tatar), кирәклек (kiräklek) (Tatar), అవసరం (avasaraṁ) (Telugu), ความต้องการ (kwaam-dtɔ̂ng-gaan) (Thai), gereklilik (Turkish), lüzum (Turkish), ihtiyaç (Turkish), zerurlyk (Turkmen), необхі́дність (neobxídnistʹ) [feminine] (Ukrainian), нужда́ (nuždá) [feminine] (Ukrainian), потре́ба (potréba) [feminine] (Ukrainian), доконе́чність (dokonéčnistʹ) [feminine] (Ukrainian), ضرورت (zarūrat) [feminine] (Urdu), احتیاج (ihtiyāj) [feminine] (Urdu), زۆرۈرىيەت (zörüriyet) (Uyghur), ئېھتىياج (ëhtiyaj) (Uyghur), keraklik (Uzbek), zarurlik (Uzbek), zarurat (Uzbek), zaruriyat (Uzbek), ehtiyoj (Uzbek), sự cần thiết (Vietnamese), nhu cầu (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-en:quality_or_state_of_being_necessary__unavoidable__or_absolutely_requisite Disambiguation of Directives: 50 16 3 2 11 3 14 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 48 4 2 2 17 2 25 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 54 6 3 2 14 4 17 Disambiguation of 'state of being necessary': 61 4 25 1 4 1 5 Disambiguation of 'quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite': 79 2 11 2 2 1 3
  2. The condition of being needy; desperate need; lack. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (condition of being needy or necessitous): կարիք (karikʿ) (Armenian), нужда (nužda) [feminine] (Bulgarian), پێویستی (pêwîstî) (Central Kurdish), nouze [feminine] (Czech), tarve (Finnish), puute (Finnish), puutteenalaisuus (Finnish), puutteellisuus (Finnish), Bedürftigkeit [feminine] (German), нужда (nužda) [feminine] (Macedonian), feum [masculine] (Scottish Gaelic), èiginn [feminine] (Scottish Gaelic), núdza (Slovak)
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-mG6NWVDe Disambiguation of 'condition of being needy or necessitous': 16 60 13 2 2 3 5
  3. Something necessary; a requisite; something indispensable. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (that which is necessary): پێویست (pêwîst) (Central Kurdish), 必需品 (bìxūpǐn) (Chinese Mandarin), nutnost [feminine] (Czech), necesaĵo (Esperanto), tarve (Finnish), tarvike (Finnish), tarvekalu (Finnish), välttämättömyystarvike (Finnish), riachtanas [masculine] (Irish), 必需品 (hitsujuhin) (Japanese), necessaria [neuter, plural] (Latin), vajadzība [feminine] (Latvian), нужда (nužda) [feminine] (Macedonian), ആവശ്യം (āvaśyaṁ) (Malayalam), artykuł pierwszej potrzeby [masculine] (Polish), necessidade [feminine] (Portuguese), necesitate [feminine] (Romanian), nevyhnutnosť (Slovak), nödvändighet [common-gender] (Swedish), అవసరం (avasaraṁ) (Telugu), ضرورت (zarūrat) [feminine] (Urdu)
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-5NqQE71q Disambiguation of 'that which is necessary': 38 3 50 2 4 1 2
  4. Something which makes an act or an event unavoidable; an irresistible force; overruling power. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (that which makes an act or an event unavoidable): välttämättömyys (Finnish), väistämättömyys (Finnish), kohtalo (Finnish), necessidade [feminine] (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-YS8vV2Bn Disambiguation of 'that which makes an act or an event unavoidable': 15 2 2 69 5 6 2
  5. The negation of freedom in voluntary action; the subjection of all phenomena, whether material or spiritual, to inevitable causation; necessitarianism. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (negation of freedom in voluntary action): принуда (prinuda) [feminine] (Bulgarian), välttämättömyys (Finnish), väistämättömyys (Finnish), pakko (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-ZFXJL1ws Disambiguation of 'negation of freedom in voluntary action': 3 1 1 0 92 3 0
  6. (law) Greater utilitarian good; used in justification of a criminal act. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-4uOd5pdj Topics: law
  7. (law, in the plural) Indispensable requirements (of life). Tags: countable, in-plural, uncountable Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-necessity-en-noun-MogAopDP Topics: law
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms (requirement): requisite Related terms: necessary, necessariness, necessitate, necessitation, necessitative, necessitousness, necessitude

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for necessity meaning in English (43.9kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"state of being necessary\"",
      "word": "impossibility"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"state of being necessary\"",
      "word": "contingency"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"something indispensable\"",
      "word": "luxury"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "bare necessities"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "daily necessities"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "doctrine of necessity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "doctrine of philosophical necessity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "make a virtue of necessity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "money of necessity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessity is the mother of innovation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessity is the mother of invention"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessity knows no law"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessity money"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "needcessity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "work of necessity"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "necessite"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English necessite",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "necessite"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French necessite",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "necessitās",
        "t": "unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin necessitās (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "necesse",
        "t": "unavoidable, inevitable"
      },
      "expansion": "necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "necessary"
      },
      "expansion": "necessary",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English necessite, from Old French necessite, from Latin necessitās (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”), from necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”); see necessary.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "necessities",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "necessity (countable and uncountable, plural necessities)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ne‧ces‧si‧ty"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessary"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessariness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessitate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessitation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessitative"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessitousness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "necessitude"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "48 4 2 2 17 2 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 6 3 2 14 4 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 16 3 2 11 3 14",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Directives",
          "orig": "en:Directives",
          "parents": [
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I bought a new table out of necessity. My old one was ruined.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21",
          "text": "Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. […] But the scandals kept coming, […]. A broad section of the political class now recognises the need for change but remains unable to see the necessity of a fundamental overhaul.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-en:quality_or_state_of_being_necessary__unavoidable__or_absolutely_requisite",
      "links": [
        [
          "necessary",
          "necessary"
        ],
        [
          "unavoidable",
          "unavoidable"
        ],
        [
          "requisite",
          "requisite"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "61 4 25 1 4 1 5",
          "sense": "state of being necessary",
          "word": "inevitability"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 4 25 1 4 1 5",
          "sense": "state of being necessary",
          "word": "needfulness"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "61 4 25 1 4 1 5",
          "sense": "state of being necessary",
          "word": "certainty"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nevojë"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "mbëhi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḍarūra",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ضَرُورَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥāja",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حَاجَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "anhražeštutʿyun",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "անհրաժեշտություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necesidá"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "zərurət"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ehtiyac"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "ixtıyaj",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ихтыяж"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "kərəklek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "кәрәклек"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "njeabxódnascʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "неабхо́днасць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "nuždá",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "nužá",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужа́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "patréba",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "патрэ́ба"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "kanjéčnascʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кане́чнасць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "patrébnascʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "патрэ́бнасць"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "jorurot",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "জরুরৎ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "neobhodímost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "необходи́мост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "núžda",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ну́жда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "potrébnost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потре́бност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "my",
          "lang": "Burmese",
          "roman": "luiaphkrang:",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "လိုအပ်ခြင်း"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necessitat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bìyàoxìng",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "必要性"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bìyào",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "必要"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yāoqiú",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "要求"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xūqiú",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "需求"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cv",
          "lang": "Chuvash",
          "roman": "kirlĕlĕh",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "кирлӗлӗх"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nutnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "behov"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "nødvendighed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "fornødenhed"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "behoefte"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "neceso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "neceseco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "vajalikkus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "tarpeellisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "välttämättömyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "korvaamattomuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "tarve"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nécessité"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "besoin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necesidade"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "sač̣iroeba",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "საჭიროება"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "aucilebloba",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "აუცილებლობა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Notwendigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Nezessität"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Not"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Bedürfnis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Bedarf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "anágki",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ανάγκη"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "anánkē",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ἀνάγκη"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "tsórekh",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "צורך \\ צֹרֶךְ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "zarūrat",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ज़रूरत"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "āvaśyaktā",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "आवश्यकता"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "muszáj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "szükség"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "szükségesség"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "þörf"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "keperluan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "kebutuhan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "besonio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necessità"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bisogno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "alt": "ひつようせい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hitsuyōsei",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "必要性"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "alt": "ひつぜんせい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hitsuzensei",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "必然性"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "alt": "ひつよう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hitsuyō",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "必要"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "alt": "ようきゅう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "yōkyū",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "要求"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "nīzu",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ニーズ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "qajettılık",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "қажеттілік"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "piryoseong",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "필요성"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "piryo",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "필요"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "yogu",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "요구"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "pêwîst",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "پێویست"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "pêwîst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ihtiyac"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "zarıldık",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "зарылдык"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "zarılcılık",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "зарылчылык"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "muktajdık",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "муктаждык"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necessitās"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "vajadzība"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "poreikis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "nužda",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "potreba",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потреба"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "neophodnost",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "неопходност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "keperluan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "hajat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ne",
          "lang": "Nepali",
          "roman": "āwasyakatā",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "आवश्यकता"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "behov"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "nødvendighet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cu",
          "lang": "Church Slavic",
          "roman": "nužda",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "cu",
          "lang": "Church Slavic",
          "roman": "nužda",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ноужда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "orv",
          "lang": "Old East Slavic",
          "roman": "nuža",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужа"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "zarurát",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ضرورت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "hāǰát",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "حاجت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "nyāz",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "نياز"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "ehteyãǰ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "احتياج"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ps",
          "lang": "Pashto",
          "roman": "lozúm",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "لزوم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "zarurat",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ضرورت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "niyâz",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "نیاز"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "ehtiyâj",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "احتیاج"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Muss"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "potrzeba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "konieczność"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necessidade"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necesitate"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "neobxodímostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "необходи́мость"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nuždá",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "potrébnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потре́бность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "nádobnostʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "на́добность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "feum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ну̏жно̄ст"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "неопхо́дно̄ст"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "по̏треба"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nȕžnōst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "neophódnōst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "pȍtreba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nutnosť"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "potreba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nujnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "potreba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nuja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necesidad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "menester"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "class-10",
            "class-9"
          ],
          "word": "haja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "behov"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "nöd"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "nödvändighet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "pangangailangan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "zarurat",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "зарурат"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "niyoz",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ниёз"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "ehtiyoj",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "эҳтиёҷ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "ixtıyac",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ихтыяҗ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tt",
          "lang": "Tatar",
          "roman": "kiräklek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "кирәклек"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "avasaraṁ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "అవసరం"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kwaam-dtɔ̂ng-gaan",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ความต้องการ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "gereklilik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "lüzum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ihtiyaç"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "zerurlyk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "neobxídnistʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "необхі́дність"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "nuždá",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "potréba",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "потре́ба"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "dokonéčnistʹ",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "доконе́чність"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "zarūrat",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ضرورت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "ihtiyāj",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "احتیاج"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "zörüriyet",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "زۆرۈرىيەت"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "ëhtiyaj",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ئېھتىياج"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "keraklik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "zarurlik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "zarurat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "zaruriyat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "ehtiyoj"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "sự cần thiết"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "79 2 11 2 2 1 3",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
          "word": "nhu cầu"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1863, Richard Sibbes, The Successful Seeker, in The Complete Works of Richard Sibbes, D.D., Volume VI, James Nichol, page 125,\nFor it is in vain for a man to think to seek God in his necessity and exigence, if he seek not God in his ordinances, and do not joy in them."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The condition of being needy; desperate need; lack."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-mG6NWVDe",
      "links": [
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "karikʿ",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "կարիք"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "nužda",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nouze"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "tarve"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "puute"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "puutteenalaisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "puutteellisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Bedürftigkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "pêwîstî",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "پێویستی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "nužda",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "feum"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "èiginn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 60 13 2 2 3 5",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
          "word": "núdza"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "A tent is a necessity if you plan on camping.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1967, Terry Gilkyson (lyrics and music), “The Bare Necessities”, in The Jungle Book",
          "text": "Look for the bare necessities / The simple bare necessities / Forget about your worries and your strife",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "20th century, Tenzin Gyatso (attributed)",
          "text": "Love and compassion are necessities, not luxuries. Without them humanity cannot survive."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something necessary; a requisite; something indispensable."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-5NqQE71q",
      "links": [
        [
          "requisite",
          "requisite#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "indispensable",
          "indispensable"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "bìxūpǐn",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "必需品"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "nutnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "necesaĵo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "tarve"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "tarvike"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "tarvekalu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "välttämättömyystarvike"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "riachtanas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hitsujuhin",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "必需品"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "pêwîst",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "پێویست"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "neuter",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "necessaria"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "vajadzība"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "nužda",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "нужда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "āvaśyaṁ",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "ആവശ്യം"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "artykuł pierwszej potrzeby"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necessidade"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necesitate"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "nevyhnutnosť"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "nödvändighet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "avasaraṁ",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "word": "అవసరం"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "38 3 50 2 4 1 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "zarūrat",
          "sense": "that which is necessary",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ضرورت"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "After eating a full meal, the human body's necessity for food will compel the person to eat again in the future.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1804, The Small Celandine, Wordsworth",
          "text": "I stopped, and said with inly muttered voice,\n'It doth not love the shower, nor seek the cold:\nThis neither is its courage nor its choice,\nBut its necessity in being old.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something which makes an act or an event unavoidable; an irresistible force; overruling power."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-YS8vV2Bn",
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "15 2 2 69 5 6 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
          "word": "välttämättömyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 2 2 69 5 6 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
          "word": "väistämättömyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 2 2 69 5 6 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
          "word": "kohtalo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 2 2 69 5 6 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "necessidade"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The negation of freedom in voluntary action; the subjection of all phenomena, whether material or spiritual, to inevitable causation; necessitarianism."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-ZFXJL1ws",
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 1 0 92 3 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "prinuda",
          "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "принуда"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 1 0 92 3 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
          "word": "välttämättömyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 1 0 92 3 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
          "word": "väistämättömyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 1 1 0 92 3 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
          "word": "pakko"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "doctrine of necessity",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Greater utilitarian good; used in justification of a criminal act."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-4uOd5pdj",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) Greater utilitarian good; used in justification of a criminal act."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "en:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indispensable requirements (of life)."
      ],
      "id": "en-necessity-en-noun-MogAopDP",
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, in the plural) Indispensable requirements (of life)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nɪˈsɛsəti/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-necessity.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-necessity.ogg/En-us-necessity.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-necessity.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "27 18 29 1 2 1 22",
      "sense": "requirement",
      "word": "requisite"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "necessity"
  ],
  "word": "necessity"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"state of being necessary\"",
      "word": "impossibility"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"state of being necessary\"",
      "word": "contingency"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of \"something indispensable\"",
      "word": "luxury"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Requests for review of French translations",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Italian translations",
    "Requests for review of Swedish translations",
    "en:Directives"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bare necessities"
    },
    {
      "word": "daily necessities"
    },
    {
      "word": "doctrine of necessity"
    },
    {
      "word": "doctrine of philosophical necessity"
    },
    {
      "word": "make a virtue of necessity"
    },
    {
      "word": "money of necessity"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessity is the mother of innovation"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessity is the mother of invention"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessity knows no law"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessity money"
    },
    {
      "word": "needcessity"
    },
    {
      "word": "work of necessity"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "necessite"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English necessite",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "necessite"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French necessite",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "necessitās",
        "t": "unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin necessitās (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "necesse",
        "t": "unavoidable, inevitable"
      },
      "expansion": "necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "necessary"
      },
      "expansion": "necessary",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English necessite, from Old French necessite, from Latin necessitās (“unavoidableness, compulsion, exigency, necessity”), from necesse (“unavoidable, inevitable”); see necessary.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "necessities",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "necessity (countable and uncountable, plural necessities)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ne‧ces‧si‧ty"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "necessary"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessariness"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessitate"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessitation"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessitative"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessitousness"
    },
    {
      "word": "necessitude"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I bought a new table out of necessity. My old one was ruined.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013 June 28, Joris Luyendijk, “Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 3, page 21",
          "text": "Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic […]. Until 2008 there was denial over what finance had become. […] But the scandals kept coming, […]. A broad section of the political class now recognises the need for change but remains unable to see the necessity of a fundamental overhaul.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "necessary",
          "necessary"
        ],
        [
          "unavoidable",
          "unavoidable"
        ],
        [
          "requisite",
          "requisite"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1863, Richard Sibbes, The Successful Seeker, in The Complete Works of Richard Sibbes, D.D., Volume VI, James Nichol, page 125,\nFor it is in vain for a man to think to seek God in his necessity and exigence, if he seek not God in his ordinances, and do not joy in them."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The condition of being needy; desperate need; lack."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "A tent is a necessity if you plan on camping.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1967, Terry Gilkyson (lyrics and music), “The Bare Necessities”, in The Jungle Book",
          "text": "Look for the bare necessities / The simple bare necessities / Forget about your worries and your strife",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "20th century, Tenzin Gyatso (attributed)",
          "text": "Love and compassion are necessities, not luxuries. Without them humanity cannot survive."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something necessary; a requisite; something indispensable."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "requisite",
          "requisite#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "indispensable",
          "indispensable"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "After eating a full meal, the human body's necessity for food will compel the person to eat again in the future.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1804, The Small Celandine, Wordsworth",
          "text": "I stopped, and said with inly muttered voice,\n'It doth not love the shower, nor seek the cold:\nThis neither is its courage nor its choice,\nBut its necessity in being old.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something which makes an act or an event unavoidable; an irresistible force; overruling power."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The negation of freedom in voluntary action; the subjection of all phenomena, whether material or spiritual, to inevitable causation; necessitarianism."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Law"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "doctrine of necessity",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Greater utilitarian good; used in justification of a criminal act."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law) Greater utilitarian good; used in justification of a criminal act."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Law"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indispensable requirements (of life)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "law",
          "law#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(law, in the plural) Indispensable requirements (of life)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "in-plural",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nɪˈsɛsəti/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-necessity.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/En-us-necessity.ogg/En-us-necessity.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/En-us-necessity.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "state of being necessary",
      "word": "inevitability"
    },
    {
      "sense": "state of being necessary",
      "word": "needfulness"
    },
    {
      "sense": "state of being necessary",
      "word": "certainty"
    },
    {
      "sense": "requirement",
      "word": "requisite"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nevojë"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "mbëhi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḍarūra",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ضَرُورَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥāja",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حَاجَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "anhražeštutʿyun",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "անհրաժեշտություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necesidá"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "zərurət"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ehtiyac"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "ixtıyaj",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ихтыяж"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "kərəklek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "кәрәклек"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "njeabxódnascʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "неабхо́днасць"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "nuždá",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда́"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "nužá",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужа́"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "patréba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "патрэ́ба"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "kanjéčnascʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кане́чнасць"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "patrébnascʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "патрэ́бнасць"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "patréba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "патрэ́ба"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "jorurot",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "জরুরৎ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "neobhodímost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "необходи́мост"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "núžda",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ну́жда"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "potrébnost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потре́бност"
    },
    {
      "code": "my",
      "lang": "Burmese",
      "roman": "luiaphkrang:",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "လိုအပ်ခြင်း"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necessitat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bìyàoxìng",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "必要性"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bìyào",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "必要"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yāoqiú",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "要求"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xūqiú",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "需求"
    },
    {
      "code": "cv",
      "lang": "Chuvash",
      "roman": "kirlĕlĕh",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "кирлӗлӗх"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nutnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "behov"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "nødvendighed"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "fornødenhed"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "behoefte"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "neceso"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "neceseco"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "vajalikkus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "tarpeellisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "välttämättömyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "korvaamattomuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "tarve"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nécessité"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "besoin"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necesidade"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "sač̣iroeba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "საჭიროება"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "aucilebloba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "აუცილებლობა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Notwendigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Nezessität"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Not"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Bedürfnis"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Bedarf"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "anágki",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ανάγκη"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "anánkē",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ἀνάγκη"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "tsórekh",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "צורך \\ צֹרֶךְ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "zarūrat",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ज़रूरत"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "āvaśyaktā",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "आवश्यकता"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "muszáj"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "szükség"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "szükségesség"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "þörf"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "keperluan"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "kebutuhan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "besonio"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necessità"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bisogno"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ひつようせい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hitsuyōsei",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "必要性"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ひつぜんせい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hitsuzensei",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "必然性"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ひつよう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hitsuyō",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "必要"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ようきゅう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "yōkyū",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "要求"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "nīzu",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ニーズ"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "qajettılık",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "қажеттілік"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "piryoseong",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "필요성"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "piryo",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "필요"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "yogu",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "요구"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "pêwîst",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "پێویست"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "pêwîst"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ihtiyac"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "zarıldık",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "зарылдык"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "zarılcılık",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "зарылчылык"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "muktajdık",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "муктаждык"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necessitās"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "vajadzība"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "poreikis"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "nužda",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "potreba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потреба"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "neophodnost",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "неопходност"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "keperluan"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "hajat"
    },
    {
      "code": "ne",
      "lang": "Nepali",
      "roman": "āwasyakatā",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "आवश्यकता"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "behov"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "nødvendighet"
    },
    {
      "code": "cu",
      "lang": "Church Slavic",
      "roman": "nužda",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда"
    },
    {
      "code": "cu",
      "lang": "Church Slavic",
      "roman": "nužda",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ноужда"
    },
    {
      "code": "orv",
      "lang": "Old East Slavic",
      "roman": "nuža",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужа"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "zarurát",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ضرورت"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "hāǰát",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "حاجت"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "nyāz",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "نياز"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "ehteyãǰ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "احتياج"
    },
    {
      "code": "ps",
      "lang": "Pashto",
      "roman": "lozúm",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "لزوم"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "zarurat",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ضرورت"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "niyâz",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "نیاز"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "ehtiyâj",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "احتیاج"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Muss"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "potrzeba"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "konieczność"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necessidade"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necesitate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "neobxodímostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "необходи́мость"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nuždá",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда́"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "potrébnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потре́бность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "nádobnostʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "на́добность"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "feum"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ну̏жно̄ст"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "неопхо́дно̄ст"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "по̏треба"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nȕžnōst"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "neophódnōst"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "pȍtreba"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nutnosť"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "potreba"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nujnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "potreba"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nuja"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necesidad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "menester"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "class-10",
        "class-9"
      ],
      "word": "haja"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "behov"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "nöd"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "nödvändighet"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "pangangailangan"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "zarurat",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "зарурат"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "niyoz",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ниёз"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "ehtiyoj",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "эҳтиёҷ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "ixtıyac",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ихтыяҗ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tt",
      "lang": "Tatar",
      "roman": "kiräklek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "кирәклек"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "avasaraṁ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "అవసరం"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kwaam-dtɔ̂ng-gaan",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ความต้องการ"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "gereklilik"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "lüzum"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ihtiyaç"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "zerurlyk"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "neobxídnistʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "необхі́дність"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "nuždá",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда́"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "potréba",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "потре́ба"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "dokonéčnistʹ",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "доконе́чність"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "zarūrat",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ضرورت"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ihtiyāj",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "احتیاج"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "zörüriyet",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "زۆرۈرىيەت"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "ëhtiyaj",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ئېھتىياج"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "keraklik"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "zarurlik"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "zarurat"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "zaruriyat"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "ehtiyoj"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "sự cần thiết"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite",
      "word": "nhu cầu"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "karikʿ",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "կարիք"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "nužda",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nouze"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "tarve"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "puute"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "puutteenalaisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "puutteellisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Bedürftigkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "pêwîstî",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "پێویستی"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "nužda",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "feum"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "èiginn"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "condition of being needy or necessitous",
      "word": "núdza"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "bìxūpǐn",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "必需品"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "nutnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "necesaĵo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "tarve"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "tarvike"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "tarvekalu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "välttämättömyystarvike"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "riachtanas"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hitsujuhin",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "必需品"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "pêwîst",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "پێویست"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "necessaria"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "vajadzība"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "nužda",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "нужда"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "āvaśyaṁ",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "ആവശ്യം"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "artykuł pierwszej potrzeby"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necessidade"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necesitate"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "nevyhnutnosť"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "nödvändighet"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "avasaraṁ",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "word": "అవసరం"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "zarūrat",
      "sense": "that which is necessary",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ضرورت"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
      "word": "välttämättömyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
      "word": "väistämättömyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
      "word": "kohtalo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "that which makes an act or an event unavoidable",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "necessidade"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "prinuda",
      "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "принуда"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
      "word": "välttämättömyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
      "word": "väistämättömyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "negation of freedom in voluntary action",
      "word": "pakko"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "necessity"
  ],
  "word": "necessity"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.