"ἀνάγκη" meaning in Ancient Greek

See ἀνάγκη in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /a.náŋ.kɛː/, /aˈnaɲ.ɟi/, /aˈnaɲ.ɟi/, /a.náŋ.kɛː/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /aˈnaŋ.ke̝/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /aˈnaɲ.ɟi/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /aˈnaɲ.ɟi/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /aˈnaɲ.ɟi/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Probably related to ἀναγκ- (anank-), the stem of ἤνεγκον (ḗnenkon), aorist of φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), with the verbal noun–forming suffix -η (-ē). Etymology templates: {{root|grc|ine-pro|*h₂neḱ-}}, {{m|grc||ἀναγκ-}} ἀναγκ- (anank-), {{m|grc|ἤνεγκον}} ἤνεγκον (ḗnenkon), {{m|grc|φέρω|t=to carry}} φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), {{m|grc|-η}} -η (-ē) Head templates: {{grc-noun|ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης|f|first|head=ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη}} ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη • (anánkē) f (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης); first declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη|ης}} Forms: ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη [canonical], anánkē [romanization], ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης [genitive], Attic declension-1 [table-tags], ἡ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη [nominative, singular], τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ [dual, nominative], αἱ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι [nominative, plural], τῆς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης [genitive, singular], τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν [dual, genitive], τῶν ᾰ̓νᾰγκῶν [genitive, plural], τῇ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκῃ [dative, singular], τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν [dative, dual], ταῖς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαις [dative, plural], τὴν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκην [accusative, singular], τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ [accusative, dual], τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱς [accusative, plural], ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη [singular, vocative], ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ [dual, vocative], ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι [plural, vocative]
  1. force
    Sense id: en-ἀνάγκη-grc-noun-MlANdQDO
  2. constraint
    Sense id: en-ἀνάγκη-grc-noun-vQCpljgF
  3. necessity
    Sense id: en-ἀνάγκη-grc-noun-tkUcxt2B
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ἀναγκαίη (anankaíē) [Epic], Ionic Derived forms: ἀναγκάζω (anankázō), ἀναγκαῖον (anankaîon), ἀναγκαῖος (anankaîos), ἀναγκαιότης (anankaiótēs), Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē), ἀναγκόσῑτος (anankósītos), ἀναγκοφαγέω (anankophagéō), ἐπανάγκης (epanánkēs), κατανάγκη (katanánkē)

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for ἀνάγκη meaning in Ancient Greek (5.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankázō",
      "word": "ἀναγκάζω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankaîon",
      "word": "ἀναγκαῖον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankaîos",
      "word": "ἀναγκαῖος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankaiótēs",
      "word": "ἀναγκαιότης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "Anánkē",
      "word": "Ἀνάγκη"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankósītos",
      "word": "ἀναγκόσῑτος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankophagéō",
      "word": "ἀναγκοφαγέω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "epanánkēs",
      "word": "ἐπανάγκης"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "katanánkē",
      "word": "κατανάγκη"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "ανάγκη"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: ανάγκη (anágki)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: ανάγκη (anágki)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "Ἀνάγκη",
            "and": "1",
            "t": "(Goddess of) Fate"
          },
          "expansion": "* and see: Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē, “(Goddess of) Fate”)",
          "name": "see"
        }
      ],
      "text": "* and see: Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē, “(Goddess of) Fate”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂neḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ἀναγκ-"
      },
      "expansion": "ἀναγκ- (anank-)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἤνεγκον"
      },
      "expansion": "ἤνεγκον (ḗnenkon)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φέρω",
        "t": "to carry"
      },
      "expansion": "φέρω (phérō, “to carry”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-η"
      },
      "expansion": "-η (-ē)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably related to ἀναγκ- (anank-), the stem of ἤνεγκον (ḗnenkon), aorist of φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), with the verbal noun–forming suffix -η (-ē).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anánkē",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
      "roman": "hē anánkē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ anánkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι",
      "roman": "hai anánkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης",
      "roman": "tês anánkēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν",
      "roman": "toîn anánkain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓νᾰγκῶν",
      "roman": "tôn anankôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκῃ",
      "roman": "têi anánkēi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν",
      "roman": "toîn anánkain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαις",
      "roman": "taîs anánkais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκην",
      "roman": "tḕn anánkēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ anánkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s anánkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
      "roman": "anánkē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ",
      "roman": "anánkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι",
      "roman": "anánkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "first",
        "head": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη"
      },
      "expansion": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη • (anánkē) f (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
        "2": "ης"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "force"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἀνάγκη-grc-noun-MlANdQDO",
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "constraint"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἀνάγκη-grc-noun-vQCpljgF",
      "links": [
        [
          "constraint",
          "constraint"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "necessity"
      ],
      "id": "en-ἀνάγκη-grc-noun-tkUcxt2B",
      "links": [
        [
          "necessity",
          "necessity"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/a.náŋ.kɛː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a.náŋ.kɛː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaŋ.ke̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "anankaíē",
      "tags": [
        "Epic"
      ],
      "word": "ἀναγκαίη"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Ionic"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἀνάγκη"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "anankázō",
      "word": "ἀναγκάζω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anankaîon",
      "word": "ἀναγκαῖον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anankaîos",
      "word": "ἀναγκαῖος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anankaiótēs",
      "word": "ἀναγκαιότης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "Anánkē",
      "word": "Ἀνάγκη"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anankósītos",
      "word": "ἀναγκόσῑτος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anankophagéō",
      "word": "ἀναγκοφαγέω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "epanánkēs",
      "word": "ἐπανάγκης"
    },
    {
      "roman": "katanánkē",
      "word": "κατανάγκη"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "ανάγκη"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: ανάγκη (anágki)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: ανάγκη (anágki)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "grc",
            "2": "Ἀνάγκη",
            "and": "1",
            "t": "(Goddess of) Fate"
          },
          "expansion": "* and see: Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē, “(Goddess of) Fate”)",
          "name": "see"
        }
      ],
      "text": "* and see: Ἀνάγκη (Anánkē, “(Goddess of) Fate”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂neḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ἀναγκ-"
      },
      "expansion": "ἀναγκ- (anank-)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἤνεγκον"
      },
      "expansion": "ἤνεγκον (ḗnenkon)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "φέρω",
        "t": "to carry"
      },
      "expansion": "φέρω (phérō, “to carry”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-η"
      },
      "expansion": "-η (-ē)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably related to ἀναγκ- (anank-), the stem of ἤνεγκον (ḗnenkon), aorist of φέρω (phérō, “to carry”), with the verbal noun–forming suffix -η (-ē).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "anánkē",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First declension",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἡ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
      "roman": "hē anánkē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ anánkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "αἱ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι",
      "roman": "hai anánkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῆς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης",
      "roman": "tês anánkēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν",
      "roman": "toîn anánkain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν ᾰ̓νᾰγκῶν",
      "roman": "tôn anankôn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῇ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκῃ",
      "roman": "têi anánkēi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαιν",
      "roman": "toîn anánkain",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ταῖς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαις",
      "roman": "taîs anánkais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὴν ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκην",
      "roman": "tḕn anánkēn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ",
      "roman": "tṑ anánkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τᾱ̀ς ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱς",
      "roman": "tā̀s anánkās",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
      "roman": "anánkē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκᾱ",
      "roman": "anánkā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκαι",
      "roman": "anánkai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης",
        "2": "f",
        "3": "first",
        "head": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη"
      },
      "expansion": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη • (anánkē) f (genitive ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκης); first declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ᾰ̓νᾰ́γκη",
        "2": "ης"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "force"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "constraint"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "constraint",
          "constraint"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "necessity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "necessity",
          "necessity"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/a.náŋ.kɛː/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/a.náŋ.kɛː/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaŋ.ke̝/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/aˈnaɲ.ɟi/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "anankaíē",
      "tags": [
        "Epic"
      ],
      "word": "ἀναγκαίη"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ionic"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ἀνάγκη"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.