See hatred in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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{
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"3": "*keh₂d-"
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English hatrede, hatreden (“hatred”), from hate (“hate”) + -rede (“suffix denoting state or condition”), equivalent to hate + -red; compare sibred, Scots luferent. Related to Icelandic hatri (“hatred”).",
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"Human",
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{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hatred",
"orig": "en:Hatred",
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"Mind",
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hatredful"
},
{
"word": "hatredless"
},
{
"word": "hatredly"
},
{
"word": "love-hatred"
},
{
"word": "race hatred"
},
{
"word": "self-hatred"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:",
"text": "Heav'n has no Rage, like Love to Hatred turn'd, / Nor Hell a Fury, like a Woman ſcorn'd.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral., London: Oxford University Press, published 1973, § 34:",
"text": "the very circumstance which renders it so innocent is what chiefly exposes it to the public hatred",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 8, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
"text": "It was a casual sneer, obviously one of a long line. There was hatred behind it, but of a quiet, chronic type, nothing new or unduly virulent, and he was taken aback by the flicker of amazed incredulity that passed over the younger man's ravaged face.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, David Crystal, Language Death:",
"text": "Fears and hatreds pay no attention to facts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strong aversion; intense dislike."
],
"id": "en-hatred-en-noun-H5ReDKpt",
"links": [
[
"aversion",
"aversion"
],
[
"dislike",
"dislike"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "disgust"
},
{
"word": "hate"
},
{
"word": "hateful"
},
{
"word": "heinous"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hate"
},
{
"word": "antipathy"
},
{
"word": "hostility"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "agʷağ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "агәаӷ"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "haat"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urrejtje"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "zët"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buḡḍ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بُغْض"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "karāhiya",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "كَرَاهِيَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kurh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "كُرْه"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "baḡḍāʔ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَغْضَاء"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kurh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "كره"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "karāheya",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "كراهية"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buḡḍ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "بغض"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "krəh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "كره"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "quimera"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "atelutʻyun",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ատելություն"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urã"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘিণ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "akhez",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "আখেজ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odiu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nifrət"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "herra"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "gorroto"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njanáviscʹ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "няна́вісць"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nôfrôt",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "নফরৎ"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "akhez",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "আখেজ"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ghenna",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘেন্না"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘিন"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ghrina",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘৃণা"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kas"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kasoni"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "omráza",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "омра́за"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nenávist",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нена́вист"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "pa.ti.ghat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ပဋိဃာတ်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odi"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "adanaquatisdi",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ᎠᏓᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chóuhèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "仇恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎惡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngwù",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎恶"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēnghèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuànhèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "怨恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "厭惡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yànwù",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "厌恶"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nenávist"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zášť"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "had"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haat"
},
{
"code": "ovd",
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "at"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "malamo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "viha"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hatur"
},
{
"code": "fj",
"lang": "Fijian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "veicati"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "viha"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haine"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xenreira"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "siʒulvili",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "სიძულვილი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mʒulvareba",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "მძულვარება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zizɣi",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ზიზღი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hass"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "fijaþwa",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "neiþ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mísos",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μίσος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "échthra",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "έχθρα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apéchtheia",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "απέχθεια"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mîsos",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μῖσος"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "uumissuineq"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "qinngarsuineq"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "inaina"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "siná",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שנאה"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "kadúmut"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ghŕṇā",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "घृणा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "घिन"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "duśmanī",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "दुश्मनी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nafrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "नफ़रत"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "gyűlölet"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hatur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "kebencian"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fuath"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gráin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "risentimento"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nikushimi",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎しみ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zōo",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎悪"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ken'o",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "嫌悪"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "en'o",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "厭悪"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ken'en",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "嫌厭"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ğadauat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ғадауат"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jek köruşılık",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "жек көрушілік"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "s’ap kpəəm",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ស្អប់ខ្ពើម"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "səckdəy s’ɑp",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "សេចក្ដីស្អប់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeung'osim",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "증오심"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "qîn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "قین"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jek körüücülük",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "жек көрүүчүлүк"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jaman körüücülük",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "жаман көрүүчүлүк"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "wēn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ເວນ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odium"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "invidia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naids"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ienaids"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neapykanta"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "odi"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hat"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "omraza",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "омраза"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "benci"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "kebencian"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "veṟuppŭ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "വെറുപ്പ്"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vidvēṣaṁ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "വിദ്വേഷം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "mauāhara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ahikauri"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "dveṣ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "द्वेष"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hate"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hatrede"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hete"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xorsol",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хорсол"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zanal",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "занал"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "üzen jadalt",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "үзэн ядалт"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "qorusul",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠰᠤᠯ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ǰanul",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠯ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "üǰen yadalta",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠦᠵᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "vašši"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hat"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "òdi"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hete"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hatr"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "jibba"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "nefrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "نفرت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ziğ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "زیغ"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hot"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nienawiść"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ódio"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "chiqniy"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ură"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nénavistʹ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "не́нависть"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dveṣa",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "द्वेष"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "ghṛṇā",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "घृणा"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gràin"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fuath"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "мржња"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mržnja"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nenávisť"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zášť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sovraštvo"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hida"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "chuki"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hat"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "dušmani",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "душманӣ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "nafrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "нафрат"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam glìat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ความเกลียด"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam chang",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ความชัง"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "sdang 'dzin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "སྡང་འཛིན"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "sdang khro",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "སྡང་ཁྲོ"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "zhe log",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ཞེ་ལོག"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "zhe 'khon pa",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ཞེ་འཁོན་པ"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "rser"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "wer"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "pasin birua"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nefret"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "iğrenti"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "tiksinti"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ýigrenç"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nenávystʹ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нена́висть"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ghŕṇā",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گھرنا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گھن"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "duśmanī",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "دشمنی"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "nafrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "نفرت"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "nepret",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "نەپرەت"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nafratlanish"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "sự ghét"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "sự căm thù"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haeyeme"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hinne"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casineb"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "has",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "האַס"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "sine",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שׂינאה"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "beyzvilikayt",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בייזוויליקײַט"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "farakhtung",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פֿאַראַכטונג"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "fayntshaft",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פֿײַנטשאַפֿט"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "zeri mendış"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nefret"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈheɪtɹɪd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-hatred.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-us-hatred.ogg/En-us-hatred.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-us-hatred.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪtɹɪd"
}
],
"word": "hatred"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "hatredful"
},
{
"word": "hatredless"
},
{
"word": "hatredly"
},
{
"word": "love-hatred"
},
{
"word": "race hatred"
},
{
"word": "self-hatred"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "hatrede"
},
"expansion": "Middle English hatrede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hate",
"3": "red"
},
"expansion": "hate + -red",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "luferent"
},
"expansion": "Scots luferent",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hatri",
"3": "",
"4": "hatred"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hatri (“hatred”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English hatrede, hatreden (“hatred”), from hate (“hate”) + -rede (“suffix denoting state or condition”), equivalent to hate + -red; compare sibred, Scots luferent. Related to Icelandic hatri (“hatred”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hatreds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "hatred (countable and uncountable, plural hatreds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "disgust"
},
{
"word": "hate"
},
{
"word": "hateful"
},
{
"word": "heinous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "love"
},
{
"word": "amity"
}
],
"categories": [
"Bengali terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Burmese terms with redundant script codes",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *keh₂d-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -red",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Georgian terms with redundant script codes",
"Hebrew terms with redundant script codes",
"Hiligaynon links with redundant target parameters",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Kazakh terms with redundant script codes",
"Khmer terms with redundant script codes",
"Kyrgyz terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"Marathi terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Rhymes:English/eɪtɹɪd",
"Rhymes:English/eɪtɹɪd/2 syllables",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with redundant script codes",
"Terms with Abkhaz translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aragonese translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Elfdalian translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Fijian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hiligaynon translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Low German translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Old Norse translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Tok Pisin translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"Urdu terms with redundant script codes",
"Uyghur terms with redundant script codes",
"Yiddish terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"en:Emotions",
"en:Hatred"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:",
"text": "Heav'n has no Rage, like Love to Hatred turn'd, / Nor Hell a Fury, like a Woman ſcorn'd.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral., London: Oxford University Press, published 1973, § 34:",
"text": "the very circumstance which renders it so innocent is what chiefly exposes it to the public hatred",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 8, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
"text": "It was a casual sneer, obviously one of a long line. There was hatred behind it, but of a quiet, chronic type, nothing new or unduly virulent, and he was taken aback by the flicker of amazed incredulity that passed over the younger man's ravaged face.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, David Crystal, Language Death:",
"text": "Fears and hatreds pay no attention to facts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strong aversion; intense dislike."
],
"links": [
[
"aversion",
"aversion"
],
[
"dislike",
"dislike"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hate"
},
{
"word": "antipathy"
},
{
"word": "hostility"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈheɪtɹɪd/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-hatred.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-us-hatred.ogg/En-us-hatred.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-us-hatred.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪtɹɪd"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ab",
"lang": "Abkhaz",
"roman": "agʷağ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "агәаӷ"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "haat"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urrejtje"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "zët"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buḡḍ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بُغْض"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "karāhiya",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "كَرَاهِيَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kurh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "كُرْه"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "baḡḍāʔ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَغْضَاء"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kurh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "كره"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "karāheya",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "كراهية"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "buḡḍ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "بغض"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "krəh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "كره"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "quimera"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "atelutʻyun",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ատելություն"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urã"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘিণ"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "akhez",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "আখেজ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odiu"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nifrət"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "herra"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "gorroto"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njanáviscʹ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "няна́вісць"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "nôfrôt",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "নফরৎ"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "akhez",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "আখেজ"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ghenna",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘেন্না"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘিন"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "ghrina",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ঘৃণা"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kas"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kasoni"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "omráza",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "омра́за"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nenávist",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нена́вист"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "pa.ti.ghat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ပဋိဃာတ်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odi"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "adanaquatisdi",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ᎠᏓᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chóuhèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "仇恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎惡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngwù",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎恶"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēnghèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yuànhèn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "怨恨"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "厭惡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yànwù",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "厌恶"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nenávist"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zášť"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "had"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haat"
},
{
"code": "ovd",
"lang": "Elfdalian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "at"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "malamo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "viha"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hatur"
},
{
"code": "fj",
"lang": "Fijian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "veicati"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "viha"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haine"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xenreira"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "siʒulvili",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "სიძულვილი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mʒulvareba",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "მძულვარება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zizɣi",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ზიზღი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hass"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "fijaþwa",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "neiþ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mísos",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μίσος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "échthra",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "έχθρα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apéchtheia",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "απέχθεια"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mîsos",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μῖσος"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "uumissuineq"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "qinngarsuineq"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "inaina"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "siná",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שנאה"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "kadúmut"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ghŕṇā",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "घृणा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "घिन"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "duśmanī",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "दुश्मनी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "nafrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "नफ़रत"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "gyűlölet"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hatur"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "kebencian"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fuath"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gráin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "risentimento"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nikushimi",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎しみ"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "zōo",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "憎悪"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ken'o",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "嫌悪"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "en'o",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "厭悪"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ken'en",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "嫌厭"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "ğadauat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ғадауат"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jek köruşılık",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "жек көрушілік"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "s’ap kpəəm",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ស្អប់ខ្ពើម"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "səckdəy s’ɑp",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "សេចក្ដីស្អប់"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jeung'osim",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "증오심"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "qîn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "قین"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jek körüücülük",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "жек көрүүчүлүк"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jaman körüücülük",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "жаман көрүүчүлүк"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "wēn",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ເວນ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odium"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "invidia"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "naids"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ienaids"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neapykanta"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "odi"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hat"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "omraza",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "омраза"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "benci"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "kebencian"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "veṟuppŭ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "വെറുപ്പ്"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vidvēṣaṁ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "വിദ്വേഷം"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "mauāhara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ahikauri"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "dveṣ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "द्वेष"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hate"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hatrede"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hete"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "xorsol",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "хорсол"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zanal",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "занал"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "üzen jadalt",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "үзэн ядалт"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "qorusul",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠰᠤᠯ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ǰanul",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠯ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "üǰen yadalta",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Mongolian"
],
"word": "ᠦᠵᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "vašši"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hat"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "òdi"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hete"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "hatr"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "jibba"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "nefrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "نفرت"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ziğ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "زیغ"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hot"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nienawiść"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ódio"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "chiqniy"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ură"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nénavistʹ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "не́нависть"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dveṣa",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "द्वेष"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "ghṛṇā",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "घृणा"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gràin"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fuath"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "мржња"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "mržnja"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nenávisť"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zášť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sovraštvo"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hida"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odio"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "chuki"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hat"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "dušmani",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "душманӣ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "nafrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "нафрат"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam glìat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ความเกลียด"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "kwaam chang",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ความชัง"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "sdang 'dzin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "སྡང་འཛིན"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "sdang khro",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "སྡང་ཁྲོ"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "zhe log",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ཞེ་ལོག"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "zhe 'khon pa",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ཞེ་འཁོན་པ"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "rser"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "wer"
},
{
"code": "tpi",
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "pasin birua"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nefret"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "iğrenti"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "tiksinti"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "ýigrenç"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nenávystʹ",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нена́висть"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ghŕṇā",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گھرنا"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ghin",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "گھن"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "duśmanī",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "دشمنی"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "nafrat",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "نفرت"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "nepret",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "نەپرەت"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nafratlanish"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "sự ghét"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "sự căm thù"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "haeyeme"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hinne"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "casineb"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "has",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "האַס"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "sine",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שׂינאה"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "beyzvilikayt",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בייזוויליקײַט"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "farakhtung",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פֿאַראַכטונג"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "fayntshaft",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פֿײַנטשאַפֿט"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "zeri mendış"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "strong aversion",
"word": "nefret"
}
],
"word": "hatred"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hatred meaning in English (27.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.