"hate" meaning in Middle English

See hate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈhaːt(ə)/ Forms: hates [plural]
Etymology: Most likely a modification of earlier hete (from Old English hete) after haten, though compare Old Norse hatr. Etymology templates: {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|gem-pro|ine-pro|inh=2}}, {{inh|enm|ang|hete}} Old English hete, {{cog|non|hatr}} Old Norse hatr Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} hate, {{enm-noun|pl=hates}} hate (plural hates)
  1. Hate, hatred, anger, wroth. Categories (topical): Anger Synonyms: hatrede, hatynge, hete
    Sense id: en-hate-enm-noun-w-ULyqRB Disambiguation of Anger: 62 21 3 3 10
  2. Something that causes or induces hate; insults, demeaning words. Categories (topical): Emotions, Talking
    Sense id: en-hate-enm-noun-YlaoFWqG Disambiguation of Emotions: 28 39 6 6 20 Disambiguation of Talking: 5 38 13 16 28 Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 4 43 9 10 34
  3. The results of hate; enmity, discord, turmoil. Synonyms: hatrede, hete
    Sense id: en-hate-enm-noun-nQZH~vud
  4. (rare) Something that one hates. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-hate-enm-noun-xlvs0xt0
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ate, haate, hat, hatte Related terms: hateful, hatel, hateliche, haten, hatere, hatesum, hatfully, hatrede, hatynge
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} hate
  1. Alternative form of haten Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: haten
    Sense id: en-hate-enm-verb-E8AecFq8
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "hate"
          },
          "expansion": "English: hate",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: hate"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "hate",
            "3": "hait",
            "4": "heit"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: hate, hait, heit",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: hate, hait, heit"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "4": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hete"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hete",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "hatr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hatr",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Most likely a modification of earlier hete (from Old English hete) after haten, though compare Old Norse hatr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hates",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hate",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "hates"
      },
      "expansion": "hate (plural hates)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hateful"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hateliche"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "haten"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatere"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatesum"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatfully"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatrede"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatynge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "62 21 3 3 10",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Anger",
          "orig": "enm:Anger",
          "parents": [
            "Emotions",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hate, hatred, anger, wroth."
      ],
      "id": "en-hate-enm-noun-w-ULyqRB",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hate",
          "hate#English"
        ],
        [
          "hatred",
          "hatred"
        ],
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "wroth",
          "wroth"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "hatrede"
        },
        {
          "word": "hatynge"
        },
        {
          "word": "hete"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 43 9 10 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 39 6 6 20",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 38 13 16 28",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Talking",
          "orig": "enm:Talking",
          "parents": [
            "Human behaviour",
            "Language",
            "Human",
            "Communication",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something that causes or induces hate; insults, demeaning words."
      ],
      "id": "en-hate-enm-noun-YlaoFWqG",
      "links": [
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "induce",
          "induce"
        ],
        [
          "insult",
          "insult"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The results of hate; enmity, discord, turmoil."
      ],
      "id": "en-hate-enm-noun-nQZH~vud",
      "links": [
        [
          "result",
          "result"
        ],
        [
          "enmity",
          "enmity"
        ],
        [
          "discord",
          "discord"
        ],
        [
          "turmoil",
          "turmoil"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "hatrede"
        },
        {
          "word": "hete"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Something that one hates."
      ],
      "id": "en-hate-enm-noun-xlvs0xt0",
      "links": [
        [
          "one",
          "one"
        ],
        [
          "hate",
          "hate#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Something that one hates."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhaːt(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "haate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hatte"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hate"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "hate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "haten"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of haten"
      ],
      "id": "en-hate-enm-verb-E8AecFq8",
      "links": [
        [
          "haten",
          "haten#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hate"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Anger",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Talking"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
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          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "hate"
          },
          "expansion": "English: hate",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: hate"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "hate",
            "3": "hait",
            "4": "heit"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: hate, hait, heit",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: hate, hait, heit"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "4": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hete"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hete",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "hatr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse hatr",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Most likely a modification of earlier hete (from Old English hete) after haten, though compare Old Norse hatr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "hates",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "hate",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "pl": "hates"
      },
      "expansion": "hate (plural hates)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "hateful"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatel"
    },
    {
      "word": "hateliche"
    },
    {
      "word": "haten"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatere"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatesum"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatfully"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatrede"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatynge"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Hate, hatred, anger, wroth."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hate",
          "hate#English"
        ],
        [
          "hatred",
          "hatred"
        ],
        [
          "anger",
          "anger"
        ],
        [
          "wroth",
          "wroth"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "hatrede"
        },
        {
          "word": "hatynge"
        },
        {
          "word": "hete"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Something that causes or induces hate; insults, demeaning words."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cause",
          "cause"
        ],
        [
          "induce",
          "induce"
        ],
        [
          "insult",
          "insult"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The results of hate; enmity, discord, turmoil."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "result",
          "result"
        ],
        [
          "enmity",
          "enmity"
        ],
        [
          "discord",
          "discord"
        ],
        [
          "turmoil",
          "turmoil"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "hatrede"
        },
        {
          "word": "hete"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Something that one hates."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "one",
          "one"
        ],
        [
          "hate",
          "hate#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Something that one hates."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈhaːt(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ate"
    },
    {
      "word": "haate"
    },
    {
      "word": "hat"
    },
    {
      "word": "hatte"
    }
  ],
  "word": "hate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Pages with 12 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Anger",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Talking"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "hate",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "haten"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of haten"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "haten",
          "haten#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "hate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hate meaning in Middle English (3.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.