"-hood" meaning in English

See -hood in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /hʊd/
Rhymes: -ʊd Etymology: From Middle English -hod, from Old English -hād, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (compare -head). Cognate with German -heit, -keit, Dutch -heid, Afrikaans -heid, Swedish -het, Elfdalian -iet, Norwegian Bokmål -het, Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, Danish -hed. The Swedish, Elfdalian, Norwegian and Danish endings were borrowed from Middle Low German. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-hod}} Middle English -hod, {{inh|en|ang|-hād}} Old English -hād, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*haiduz}} Proto-Germanic *haiduz, {{m|enm|-head}} -head, {{cog|de|-heit}} German -heit, {{m|de|-keit}} -keit, {{cog|nl|-heid}} Dutch -heid, {{cog|af|-heid}} Afrikaans -heid, {{cog|sv|-het}} Swedish -het, {{cog|ovd|-iet}} Elfdalian -iet, {{cog|nb|-het}} Norwegian Bokmål -het, {{cog|nn|-heit}} Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, {{cog|da|-hed}} Danish -hed Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -hood, {{en-suffix}} -hood
  1. A substantive suffix denoting a condition or state of being. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--hood-en-suffix-bLsuc0kL Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 65 35
  2. A substantive suffix denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state. Tags: morpheme Translations (group): -ություն (-utʻyun) (Armenian), 全體 (Chinese Mandarin), 全体 (quántǐ) (english: no exact equivalent exists) (Chinese Mandarin), -us (Finnish), -sto (Finnish), -schaft (German), -ство (-stvo) (Macedonian), -stwo [neuter] (Polish), -idade [feminine] (Portuguese), -dad [feminine] (Spanish), -edad [feminine] (Spanish), -idad [feminine] (Spanish), -skap (Swedish)
    Sense id: en--hood-en-suffix-hOEoPtMD Disambiguation of 'group': 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Translations (condition or state): -ություն (-utʻyun) (Armenian), 時期 (Chinese Mandarin), 时期 (shíqī) (english: time period) (Chinese Mandarin), 狀態 (Chinese Mandarin), 状态 (zhuàngtài) [state] (Chinese Mandarin), -ství [neuter] (Czech), -hed (Danish), -heid [feminine] (Dutch), -eco (Esperanto), -uus (Finnish), -ité [feminine] (French), -dade [feminine] (Galician), -heit (German), -keit (German), -schaft (German), -kor (Hungarian), -ság (Hungarian), -ség (Hungarian), ភាព (pʰiep) (Khmer), -ство (-stvo) (Macedonian), -tî (Northern Kurdish), -stwo [neuter] (Polish), -ctwo [neuter] (Polish), -ość [feminine] (Polish), -idade [feminine] (Portuguese), -idão [feminine] (Portuguese), -itate [feminine] (Romanian), -tate [feminine] (Romanian), -ătate [feminine] (Romanian), -eață [feminine] (Romanian), -ețe [feminine] (Romanian), -ство (-stvo) (Russian), -dad [feminine] (Spanish), -edad [feminine] (Spanish), -idad [feminine] (Spanish), u- (Swahili), -dom (Swedish), thời (english: time period) (Vietnamese), tuổi (english: time period) (Vietnamese), -in (Zazaki)

Download JSON data for -hood meaning in English (10.4kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-hod"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -hod",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-hād"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -hād",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*haiduz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haiduz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-head"
      },
      "expansion": "-head",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "German -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-keit"
      },
      "expansion": "-keit",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "af",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Afrikaans -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "-iet"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian -iet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-hed"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -hed",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -hod, from Old English -hād, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (compare -head).\nCognate with German -heit, -keit, Dutch -heid, Afrikaans -heid, Swedish -het, Elfdalian -iet, Norwegian Bokmål -het, Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, Danish -hed. The Swedish, Elfdalian, Norwegian and Danish endings were borrowed from Middle Low German.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "falsehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "likelihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "livelihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "unlikelihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hardihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lustihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "brotherhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "childhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fatherhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "maidenhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "maidhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "manhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "motherhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "widowerhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "widowhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "womanhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sisterhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "nationhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "neighborhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "statehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "peoplehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "selfhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "singlehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "villainhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "statehooder"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "godhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "prophethood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kinghood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "priesthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "knighthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "monkhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "personhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sainthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "servanthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "serfhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "victimhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "quiddity"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "child - childhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a condition or state of being."
      ],
      "id": "en--hood-en-suffix-bLsuc0kL",
      "links": [
        [
          "condition",
          "condition"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "brother - brotherhood"
        },
        {
          "text": "neighbour - neighbourhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state."
      ],
      "id": "en--hood-en-suffix-hOEoPtMD",
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "-utʻyun",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-ություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "全體"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "english": "no exact equivalent exists",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "quántǐ",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "全体"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-us"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-sto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-schaft"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "-stvo",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-ство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "-stwo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-idade"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-dad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-edad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-idad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-skap"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hʊd/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʊd"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "-head"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ship"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-itude"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-th"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-icity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-mony"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-osity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-dom"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-utʻyun",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ություն"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "時期"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shíqī",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "时期"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "狀態"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhuàngtài",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "topics": [
        "state"
      ],
      "word": "状态"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ství"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-hed"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-heid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-eco"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-uus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ité"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dade"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-heit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-keit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-schaft"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-kor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ság"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ség"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "pʰiep",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "ភាព"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-tî"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-stwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ctwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ość"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idade"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idão"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-itate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-tate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ătate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-eață"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ețe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-edad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "u-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-dom"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "thời"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "tuổi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-in"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-hood"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:English/ʊd"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-hod"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -hod",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-hād"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -hād",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*haiduz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haiduz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-head"
      },
      "expansion": "-head",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "German -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-keit"
      },
      "expansion": "-keit",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "af",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Afrikaans -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "-iet"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian -iet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-hed"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -hed",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -hod, from Old English -hād, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (compare -head).\nCognate with German -heit, -keit, Dutch -heid, Afrikaans -heid, Swedish -het, Elfdalian -iet, Norwegian Bokmål -het, Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, Danish -hed. The Swedish, Elfdalian, Norwegian and Danish endings were borrowed from Middle Low German.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "falsehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "likelihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "livelihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "unlikelihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "hardihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "lustihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "brotherhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "childhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "fatherhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "maidenhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "maidhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "manhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "motherhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "widowerhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "widowhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "womanhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "sisterhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "nationhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "neighborhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "statehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "peoplehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "selfhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "singlehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "villainhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "statehooder"
    },
    {
      "word": "godhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "prophethood"
    },
    {
      "word": "kinghood"
    },
    {
      "word": "priesthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "knighthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "monkhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "personhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "sainthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "servanthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "serfhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "victimhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "quiddity"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "child - childhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a condition or state of being."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "condition",
          "condition"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "brother - brotherhood"
        },
        {
          "text": "neighbour - neighbourhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hʊd/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʊd"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "-head"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ness"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ship"
    },
    {
      "word": "-itude"
    },
    {
      "word": "-th"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ia"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ity"
    },
    {
      "word": "-icity"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mony"
    },
    {
      "word": "-osity"
    },
    {
      "word": "-dom"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-utʻyun",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "時期"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shíqī",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "时期"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "狀態"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhuàngtài",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "topics": [
        "state"
      ],
      "word": "状态"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ství"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-hed"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-heid"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-eco"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-uus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ité"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dade"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-heit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-keit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-schaft"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-kor"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ság"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ség"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "pʰiep",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "ភាព"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-tî"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-stwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ctwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ość"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idade"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idão"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-itate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-tate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ătate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-eață"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ețe"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-edad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "u-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-dom"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "thời"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "tuổi"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-in"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-utʻyun",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-ություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "全體"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "no exact equivalent exists",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "quántǐ",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "全体"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-us"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-sto"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-schaft"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-stwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idade"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-edad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-skap"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-hood"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.