"-hood" meaning in English

See -hood in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /hʊd/
Rhymes: -ʊd Etymology: From Middle English -hod, from Old English -hād, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (compare -head). Cognate with German -heit, -keit, Dutch -heid, Afrikaans -heid, Swedish -het, Elfdalian -iet, Norwegian Bokmål -het, Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, Danish -hed. The Swedish, Elfdalian, Norwegian and Danish endings were borrowed from Middle Low German. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-hod}} Middle English -hod, {{inh|en|ang|-hād}} Old English -hād, {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*-haidu}} Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*haiduz}} Proto-Germanic *haiduz, {{cog|de|-heit}} German -heit, {{cog|nl|-heid}} Dutch -heid, {{cog|af|-heid}} Afrikaans -heid, {{cog|sv|-het}} Swedish -het, {{cog|ovd|-iet}} Elfdalian -iet, {{cog|nb|-het}} Norwegian Bokmål -het, {{cog|nn|-heit}} Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, {{cog|da|-hed}} Danish -hed Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -hood, {{en-suffix}} -hood
  1. A substantive suffix denoting a condition or state of being. Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--hood-en-suffix-bLsuc0kL Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages using catfix, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Northern Kurdish translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swahili translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Zazaki translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 65 35 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 83 17 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 72 28 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 72 28 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 70 30 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 72 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 80 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 79 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 77 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 79 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 79 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 70 30 Disambiguation of Terms with Khmer translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 74 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Kurdish translations: 79 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 77 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 83 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 79 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Swahili translations: 77 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 76 24 Disambiguation of Terms with Zazaki translations: 81 19
  2. A substantive suffix denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state. Tags: morpheme Translations (group): -ություն (-utʻyun) (Armenian), 全體 /全体 (quántǐ) (english: no exact equivalent exists) (Chinese Mandarin), -us (Finnish), -sto (Finnish), -schaft (German), -ство (-stvo) (Macedonian), -stwo [neuter] (Polish), -idade [feminine] (Portuguese), -dad [feminine] (Spanish), -edad [feminine] (Spanish), -idad [feminine] (Spanish), -skap (Swedish)
    Sense id: en--hood-en-suffix-hOEoPtMD Disambiguation of 'group': 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Translations (condition or state): -ություն (-utʻyun) (Armenian), 時期 /时期 (shíqī) (english: time period) (Chinese Mandarin), 狀態 /状态 (zhuàngtài) [state] (Chinese Mandarin), -ství [neuter] (Czech), -hed (Danish), -heid [feminine] (Dutch), -eco (Esperanto), -uus (Finnish), -ité [feminine] (French), -dade [feminine] (Galician), -heit (German), -keit (German), -schaft (German), -kor (Hungarian), -ság (Hungarian), -ség (Hungarian), ភាព (pʰiep) (Khmer), -ство (-stvo) (Macedonian), -tî (Northern Kurdish), -stwo [neuter] (Polish), -ctwo [neuter] (Polish), -ość [feminine] (Polish), -idade [feminine] (Portuguese), -idão [feminine] (Portuguese), -itate [feminine] (Romanian), -tate [feminine] (Romanian), -ătate [feminine] (Romanian), -eață [feminine] (Romanian), -ețe [feminine] (Romanian), -ство (-stvo) (Russian), -dad [feminine] (Spanish), -edad [feminine] (Spanish), -idad [feminine] (Spanish), u- (Swahili), -dom (Swedish), thời (english: time period) (Vietnamese), tuổi (english: time period) (Vietnamese), -in (Zazaki)
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-hod"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -hod",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-hād"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -hād",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-haidu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-haidu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*haiduz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haiduz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "German -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "af",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Afrikaans -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "-iet"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian -iet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-hed"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -hed",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -hod, from Old English -hād, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (compare -head).\nCognate with German -heit, -keit, Dutch -heid, Afrikaans -heid, Swedish -het, Elfdalian -iet, Norwegian Bokmål -het, Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, Danish -hed. The Swedish, Elfdalian, Norwegian and Danish endings were borrowed from Middle Low German.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "falsehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "likelihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "livelihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "unlikelihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hardihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "lustihood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "brotherhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "childhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "fatherhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "maidenhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "maidhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "manhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "motherhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "widowerhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "widowhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "womanhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sisterhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "nationhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "neighborhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "statehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "peoplehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "selfhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "singlehood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "villainhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "statehooder"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "godhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "prophethood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "kinghood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "priesthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "knighthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "monkhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "personhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sainthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "servanthood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "serfhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "victimhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "quiddity"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "72 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
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        {
          "_dis": "72 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "72 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
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          "_dis": "77 23",
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          "_dis": "76 24",
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        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "70 30",
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 26",
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        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
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        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
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        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
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        {
          "_dis": "79 21",
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        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
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        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
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          "_dis": "81 19",
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "child - childhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a condition or state of being."
      ],
      "id": "en--hood-en-suffix-bLsuc0kL",
      "links": [
        [
          "condition",
          "condition"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "brother - brotherhood"
        },
        {
          "text": "neighbour - neighbourhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state."
      ],
      "id": "en--hood-en-suffix-hOEoPtMD",
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "-utʻyun",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-ություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "english": "no exact equivalent exists",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "quántǐ",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "全體 /全体"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-us"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-sto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-schaft"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "-stvo",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-ство"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "-stwo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-idade"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-dad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-edad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "group",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "-idad"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "group",
          "word": "-skap"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hʊd/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʊd"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "-head"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ship"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-itude"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-th"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-icity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-mony"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-osity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-dom"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-utʻyun",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ություն"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shíqī",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "時期 /时期"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhuàngtài",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "topics": [
        "state"
      ],
      "word": "狀態 /状态"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ství"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-hed"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-heid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-eco"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-uus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ité"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dade"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-heit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-keit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-schaft"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-kor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ság"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ség"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "pʰiep",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "ភាព"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-tî"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-stwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ctwo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ość"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idade"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idão"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-itate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-tate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ătate"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-eață"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ețe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-edad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idad"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "u-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-dom"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "thời"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "tuổi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-in"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-hood"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ʊd",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swahili translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Zazaki translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-hod"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -hod",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-hād"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -hād",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-haidu"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-haidu",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*haiduz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *haiduz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "German -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "af",
        "2": "-heid"
      },
      "expansion": "Afrikaans -heid",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ovd",
        "2": "-iet"
      },
      "expansion": "Elfdalian -iet",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "-het"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål -het",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "-heit"
      },
      "expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk -heit",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "-hed"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish -hed",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -hod, from Old English -hād, from Proto-West Germanic *-haidu, from Proto-Germanic *haiduz (compare -head).\nCognate with German -heit, -keit, Dutch -heid, Afrikaans -heid, Swedish -het, Elfdalian -iet, Norwegian Bokmål -het, Norwegian Nynorsk -heit, Danish -hed. The Swedish, Elfdalian, Norwegian and Danish endings were borrowed from Middle Low German.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-hood",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "falsehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "likelihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "livelihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "unlikelihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "hardihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "lustihood"
    },
    {
      "word": "brotherhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "childhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "fatherhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "maidenhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "maidhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "manhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "motherhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "widowerhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "widowhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "womanhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "sisterhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "nationhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "neighborhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "statehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "peoplehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "selfhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "singlehood"
    },
    {
      "word": "villainhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "statehooder"
    },
    {
      "word": "godhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "prophethood"
    },
    {
      "word": "kinghood"
    },
    {
      "word": "priesthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "knighthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "monkhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "personhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "sainthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "servanthood"
    },
    {
      "word": "serfhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "victimhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "quiddity"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "child - childhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a condition or state of being."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "condition",
          "condition"
        ],
        [
          "state",
          "state"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "brother - brotherhood"
        },
        {
          "text": "neighbour - neighbourhood"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A substantive suffix denoting a group sharing a specified condition or state."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "group",
          "group"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/hʊd/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʊd"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "-head"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ness"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ship"
    },
    {
      "word": "-itude"
    },
    {
      "word": "-th"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ia"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ity"
    },
    {
      "word": "-icity"
    },
    {
      "word": "-mony"
    },
    {
      "word": "-osity"
    },
    {
      "word": "-dom"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-utʻyun",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shíqī",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "時期 /时期"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "zhuàngtài",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "topics": [
        "state"
      ],
      "word": "狀態 /状态"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ství"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-hed"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-heid"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-eco"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-uus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ité"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dade"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-heit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-keit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-schaft"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-kor"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ság"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ség"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "pʰiep",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "ភាព"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-tî"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-stwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-ctwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ość"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idade"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idão"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-itate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-tate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ătate"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-eață"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-ețe"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-edad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "u-"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-dom"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "thời"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "english": "time period",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "tuổi"
    },
    {
      "code": "zza",
      "lang": "Zazaki",
      "sense": "condition or state",
      "word": "-in"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "-utʻyun",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-ություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "english": "no exact equivalent exists",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "quántǐ",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "全體 /全体"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-us"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-sto"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-schaft"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "-stvo",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-ство"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "-stwo"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idade"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-dad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-edad"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "group",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "-idad"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "group",
      "word": "-skap"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-hood"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -hood meaning in English (9.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.