See shock on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "accretion shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "acoustic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "after-shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anaphylactic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anti-shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anti-shock body"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bottle-shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bow shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cardiogenic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "circulatory shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cold shock response"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "culture shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "current shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dengue shock syndrome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "downshock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "economic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "electric shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "future shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heat shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "heat shock protein"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hypovolemic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "insulin shock therapy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "neurogenic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Nixon shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "oblique shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ontological shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "re-entry shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "return shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "reverse culture shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "septic shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shell-shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shell shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock absorber"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock absorption"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock and awe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock collar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock diamond"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shockee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shocker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock front"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock-headed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock horror"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shocking pink"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock jock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock mount"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock paddle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shockproof"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock rock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock site"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock-stall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock stall"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock stalled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock-stalled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock stalling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock strut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock tactics"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock therapy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock to the system"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock troop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shockumentary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock value"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shockvertising"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock wave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shockwave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "shock worker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "short sharp shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sticker shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "supply shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "technology shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "termination shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thermal shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "toxic shock syndrome"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "шок",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "休克",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "šok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: šok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: šok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "shock",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: shock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: shock"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ショック",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "shokku"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "쇼크",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "шок",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: шок (šok)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: шок (šok)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "szok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: szok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: szok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "шок",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: шок (šok)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: шок (šok)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: шо̏к"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin: šȍk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "šok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: šok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: šok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "shock",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: shock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: shock"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "schokken",
"4": "",
"5": "to push, jolt, shake, jerk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "choquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to collide with, clash"
},
"expansion": "Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*skokkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake up and down, shog"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skukkaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, shake, tremble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skakaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake, stir"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kek-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scoc",
"3": "",
"4": "a jolt, swing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schaukeln"
},
"expansion": "German schaukeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skykkr",
"3": "",
"4": "vibration, surging motion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skykkjun",
"3": "",
"4": "tremulously"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schiggen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shog"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of shog",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"Something so surprising that it is stunning."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-ioGh39IA",
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"surprising",
"surprising"
],
[
"stunning",
"stunning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "surprise"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣadma",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَدْمَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "uzrušénnje",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "узрушэ́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoc"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènhàn",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "震撼"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènjīng",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "震驚 /震惊"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chōngjí",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "衝擊 /冲击"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chok"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "shokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "jymy-yllätys"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choc"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schock"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "döbbenet"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "kejutan"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suaitheadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shokku",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "ショック"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"alt": "衝擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chunggyeok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "충격"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "syokeu",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "쇼크"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "ohorere"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "ohomauri"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szok"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasénije",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "потрясе́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pasmo"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chock"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "överraskning"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "şok"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 11 11 11 11 11 11 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "potrjasínnja",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
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],
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{
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"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
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{
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"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
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"word": "choque emocional"
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"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
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{
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"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
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{
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"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
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],
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},
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{
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},
{
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"code": "fi",
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"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "sähköisku"
},
{
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"code": "fi",
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"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "sähköshokki"
},
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"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Schlag"
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"_dis1": "1 1 87 1 3 3 1 1 1 1",
"code": "el",
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"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "ηλεκτροπληξία"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 87 1 3 3 1 1 1 1",
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"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "áramütés"
},
{
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"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "scossa"
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"code": "pl",
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"sense": "electric shock",
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],
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"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 15 6 20 5 2 4 9 5 3 3 3 3 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 18 6 19 5 2 4 8 4 3 3 3 3 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 17 6 17 4 2 5 7 5 3 2 5 3 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 15 7 17 4 2 4 7 5 3 2 4 3 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 15 6 20 5 2 4 9 5 3 3 3 3 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 3 14 6 17 8 2 7 7 4 4 2 4 2 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 13 7 17 4 2 4 8 5 3 3 4 3 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 13 7 16 4 3 4 7 5 4 3 5 3 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 2 14 6 24 4 1 4 11 6 1 1 2 1 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 13 6 17 4 3 3 7 5 5 3 5 4 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 4 18 7 17 4 2 5 7 5 3 2 5 3 2 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 18 6 19 5 2 4 8 4 3 3 3 3 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 13 7 17 4 3 4 8 5 4 3 5 3 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 17 6 17 4 2 5 7 5 3 2 5 3 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 2 14 6 20 4 2 4 9 5 3 3 3 3 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 13 7 18 4 2 4 8 6 3 2 4 3 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 13 7 18 4 2 4 8 6 3 2 4 3 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 15 7 17 4 2 4 7 5 3 2 4 3 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 3 17 6 17 4 2 5 7 5 3 2 5 3 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 14 5 20 4 2 4 8 5 6 2 4 3 2 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 2 8 4 25 3 1 3 6 3 1 9 3 11 2 1 1 1 1 7 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hair",
"orig": "en:Hair",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-PINCM2uA",
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Circulatory shock",
"circulatory shock"
],
[
"inability",
"inability"
],
[
"circulatory system",
"circulatory system"
],
[
"oxygen",
"oxygen"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiūkè",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "休克"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šok"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chok"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "shokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "šokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choc"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "sokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "syok"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "renjatan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choc"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "eseñgıreu",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "есеңгіреу"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "commotus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wstrząs"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choque"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock (shok)"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "şok"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 20 4 49 4 2 5 8 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choáng"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Physics",
"orig": "en:Physics",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"A shock wave."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-Y2QvSiLz",
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"shock wave",
"shock wave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(physics) A shock wave."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The train hit the buffers with a great shock.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-CIWgud3w",
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Automotive",
"orig": "en:Automotive",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mechanical engineering",
"orig": "en:Mechanical engineering",
"parents": [
"Engineering",
"Applied sciences",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1993, “Back Seat (of My Jeep)”, in 14 Shots to the Dome, performed by LL Cool J:",
"text": "We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Cycle World Magazine, volume 33, number 1, page 49:",
"text": "At the rear, you'll find a single, centrally mounted shock, the now-familiar single-sided swingarm and BMW's Paralever shaft-drive system, which does away with most of a shafty's chassis-jacking bugaboos.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle)."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-dP7ETvol",
"links": [
[
"automotive",
"automotive"
],
[
"mechanical engineering",
"mechanical engineering"
],
[
"shock absorber",
"shock absorber"
],
[
"suspension",
"suspension"
],
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(automotive, mechanical engineering) A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"automotive",
"engineering",
"mechanical",
"mechanical-engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"transport",
"vehicles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "en:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-cUf5BAkT",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"discontinuity",
"discontinuity"
],
[
"partial differential equation",
"partial differential equation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-W~YNb3pt",
"links": [
[
"chemical",
"chemical"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"chlorine",
"chlorine"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣadma",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَدْمَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śodoma",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "সদমা"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "údar",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "у́дар"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sblǎ́skvane",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сблъ́скване"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoc"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chōngjī, chōngjí",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "衝擊 /冲击"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "náraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "šok"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schok"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "isku"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "jytky"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choc"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "klonismós",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κλονισμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kradasmós",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κραδασμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "mba",
"lang": "Higaonon",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "nakalitan"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jhaṭkā",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "झटका"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "syok"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "kejutan"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"alt": "しょうげき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōgeki",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "衝撃"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"alt": "衝擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chunggyeok",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "충격"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impulsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "rutunga"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wstrząs"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chock"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skräll"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "şok"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "choáng"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "ngạc nhiên"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 0 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "bất ngờ"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 17 10 17 16 4 11 10 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pluk"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 17 10 17 16 4 11 10 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"word": "tuppo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 17 10 17 16 4 11 10 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"word": "tukko"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 17 10 17 16 4 11 10 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "thimoniá",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "θημωνιά"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 7 17 10 17 16 4 11 10 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "of hair",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suasán"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "schokken",
"4": "",
"5": "to push, jolt, shake, jerk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "choquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to collide with, clash"
},
"expansion": "Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*skokkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake up and down, shog"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skukkaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, shake, tremble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skakaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake, stir"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kek-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scoc",
"3": "",
"4": "a jolt, swing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schaukeln"
},
"expansion": "German schaukeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skykkr",
"3": "",
"4": "vibration, surging motion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skykkjun",
"3": "",
"4": "tremulously"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schiggen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shog"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of shog",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "shock (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-adj-dX24uM6~",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "schokken",
"4": "",
"5": "to push, jolt, shake, jerk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "choquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to collide with, clash"
},
"expansion": "Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*skokkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake up and down, shog"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skukkaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, shake, tremble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skakaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake, stir"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kek-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scoc",
"3": "",
"4": "a jolt, swing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schaukeln"
},
"expansion": "German schaukeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skykkr",
"3": "",
"4": "vibration, surging motion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skykkjun",
"3": "",
"4": "tremulously"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schiggen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shog"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of shog",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shocking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The disaster shocked the world.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-sRsYvBzr",
"links": [
[
"shocked",
"shocked"
],
[
"surprised",
"surprised"
],
[
"upset",
"upset"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "şoka salmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šokiram",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "шокирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "xocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "ŝoki"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "järkyttää"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shokeerata"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "choquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "schockieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sygklonízo",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "συγκλονίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zi'zéa'",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "זִעְזֵעַ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "megdöbbent"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "megráz"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "sokkol"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shokar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "turbare"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "stupefaciō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "consternō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakaanuanu"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakaohomauri"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakawhētuki"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakaohorere"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "szokować"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaszokować"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "chocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šokírovatʹ",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "шоки́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasátʹ",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "потряса́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"english": "Southern Cone",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shockear"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "conmocionar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "anonadar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "pasmar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "sobrecoger"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shokear"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "choquear"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "gây choáng"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 0 2 2 1 2",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "shokirn",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "שאָקירן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To give an electric shock to."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-Vhmfx29h",
"links": [
[
"electric shock",
"electric shock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give an electric shock to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣaʕaqa",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "صَعَقَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udrja tok",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "удря ток"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "antaa sähköshokki"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "einen Stromstoß versetzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "megráz"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "sokkol"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "dar um choque"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "electrocutar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 93 2 1 1 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "gây choáng"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To subject to a shock wave or violent impact."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-2rkCdlUx",
"links": [
[
"shock wave",
"shock wave"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To subject to a shock wave or violent impact."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque:",
"text": "They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-vqOiqjRf",
"links": [
[
"shock",
"#Noun"
],
[
"collide",
"collide"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"encounter",
"encounter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-15wVXJPB",
"links": [
[
"add",
"add"
],
[
"chemical",
"chemical"
],
[
"swimming pool",
"swimming pool"
],
[
"moderate",
"moderate"
],
[
"chlorine",
"chlorine"
],
[
"level",
"level"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 18 6 19 5 2 4 8 4 3 3 3 3 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 3 18 6 19 5 2 4 8 4 3 3 3 3 2 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 44:",
"text": "It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-KflAY~z9",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"deform",
"deform"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal"
],
[
"pressure",
"pressure"
],
[
"temperature",
"temperature"
],
[
"hypervelocity",
"hypervelocity"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"explosion",
"explosion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology, transitive) To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shag",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "shag",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of shag.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shock (plural shocks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry:",
"text": "Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:",
"text": "Behind the Master walks, builds up the Shocks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-qkg66Qxy",
"links": [
[
"sheaves",
"sheaf"
],
[
"stook",
"stook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 1 2 9 4 16 4 1 3 8 4 1 16 2 4 2 2 1 2 1 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-Lsk9FHlt",
"links": [
[
"lot",
"lot"
],
[
"Baltic",
"Baltic"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"commerce"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1968 October 12, Paul Zindel, chapter 12, in The Pigman:",
"text": "Every now and then I’m startled at how good-looking John is, but he glared at me from under the shock of hair that fell across his brow and scared me a little.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Hal Y. Zhang, Hard Mother, Spider Mother, Soft Mother, Brooklyn, NY: Radix Media, →ISBN, page 2:",
"text": "On day three I pointed at the edge of an intricate pentagram peeking above her shock of oily black hair.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-udf4Oela",
"links": [
[
"tuft",
"tuft"
],
[
"bunch",
"bunch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1827, Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert:",
"text": "When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-noun-O2ObzWLQ",
"links": [
[
"poodle",
"poodle"
],
[
"spitz",
"spitz"
],
[
"lapdog",
"lapdog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shag",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "shag",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of shag.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shocking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to shock rye",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook."
],
"id": "en-shock-en-verb-~dNT9Nvf",
"links": [
[
"stook",
"stook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "en",
"3": "shock"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "shock m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shock (medical; violent or unexpected event)"
],
"id": "en-shock-it-noun-UweH5szv",
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɔk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔk"
}
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "shock"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "shock m (plural shocks)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shock"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "shock eléctrico"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shock"
],
"id": "en-shock-es-noun-dMrHlK7-",
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃok/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʃok]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ok"
}
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with ignored alt parameters",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Higaonon translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Hair"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "accretion shock"
},
{
"word": "acoustic shock"
},
{
"word": "after-shock"
},
{
"word": "anaphylactic shock"
},
{
"word": "anti-shock"
},
{
"word": "anti-shock body"
},
{
"word": "bottle-shock"
},
{
"word": "bow shock"
},
{
"word": "cardiogenic shock"
},
{
"word": "circulatory shock"
},
{
"word": "cold shock response"
},
{
"word": "culture shock"
},
{
"word": "current shock"
},
{
"word": "dengue shock syndrome"
},
{
"word": "downshock"
},
{
"word": "economic shock"
},
{
"word": "electric shock"
},
{
"word": "future shock"
},
{
"word": "heat shock"
},
{
"word": "heat shock protein"
},
{
"word": "hypovolemic shock"
},
{
"word": "insulin shock therapy"
},
{
"word": "neurogenic shock"
},
{
"word": "Nixon shock"
},
{
"word": "oblique shock"
},
{
"word": "ontological shock"
},
{
"word": "re-entry shock"
},
{
"word": "return shock"
},
{
"word": "reverse culture shock"
},
{
"word": "septic shock"
},
{
"word": "shell-shock"
},
{
"word": "shell shock"
},
{
"word": "shock absorber"
},
{
"word": "shock absorption"
},
{
"word": "shock and awe"
},
{
"word": "shock collar"
},
{
"word": "shock diamond"
},
{
"word": "shockee"
},
{
"word": "shocker"
},
{
"word": "shock front"
},
{
"word": "shock-headed"
},
{
"word": "shock horror"
},
{
"word": "shocking pink"
},
{
"word": "shock jock"
},
{
"word": "shock mount"
},
{
"word": "shock paddle"
},
{
"word": "shockproof"
},
{
"word": "shock rock"
},
{
"word": "shock site"
},
{
"word": "shock-stall"
},
{
"word": "shock stall"
},
{
"word": "shock stalled"
},
{
"word": "shock-stalled"
},
{
"word": "shock stalling"
},
{
"word": "shock strut"
},
{
"word": "shock tactics"
},
{
"word": "shock therapy"
},
{
"word": "shock to the system"
},
{
"word": "shock troop"
},
{
"word": "shockumentary"
},
{
"word": "shock value"
},
{
"word": "shockvertising"
},
{
"word": "shock wave"
},
{
"word": "shockwave"
},
{
"word": "shock worker"
},
{
"word": "short sharp shock"
},
{
"word": "sticker shock"
},
{
"word": "supply shock"
},
{
"word": "technology shock"
},
{
"word": "termination shock"
},
{
"word": "thermal shock"
},
{
"word": "toxic shock syndrome"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "шок",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "休克",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "šok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Czech: šok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Czech: šok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "shock",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: shock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: shock"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ショック",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "shokku"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "쇼크",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "шок",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Macedonian: шок (šok)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Macedonian: шок (šok)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "szok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: szok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: szok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "шок",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: шок (šok)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: шок (šok)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: шо̏к"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin: šȍk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "šok",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Slovak: šok",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Slovak: šok"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "shock",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: shock",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: shock"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "schokken",
"4": "",
"5": "to push, jolt, shake, jerk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "choquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to collide with, clash"
},
"expansion": "Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*skokkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake up and down, shog"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skukkaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, shake, tremble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skakaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake, stir"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kek-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scoc",
"3": "",
"4": "a jolt, swing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schaukeln"
},
"expansion": "German schaukeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skykkr",
"3": "",
"4": "vibration, surging motion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skykkjun",
"3": "",
"4": "tremulously"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schiggen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shog"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of shog",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"Something so surprising that it is stunning."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"surprising",
"surprising"
],
[
"stunning",
"stunning"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "surprise"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Psychology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2005, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, David Kessler, On Grief and Grieving, →ISBN, page 85:",
"text": "A tremendous shock arises when a secret is discovered.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"disturbance",
"disturbance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(psychology) A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Medicine"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018, Sandeep Jauhar, Heart: a History, →ISBN, page 173:",
"text": "But as was the case with pacemakers, external defibrillators were unwieldy, and the shocks they delivered—in the rare cases when patients were still conscious—were painful.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Electric shock",
"electric shock"
],
[
"burst",
"burst"
],
[
"energy",
"energy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(medicine) Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Psychology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death."
},
{
"ref": "2008, Wally Lamb, The Hour I First Believed, Ch.5, at p.112",
"text": "\". . . Maureen, I don't feel sad. I don't feel anything. What's wrong with me?\"\n\"Nothing, Cae,\" she said. \"You just haven't been able to take it in yet. Absorb the shock of it.\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(psychology) A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"Circulatory shock",
"circulatory shock"
],
[
"inability",
"inability"
],
[
"circulatory system",
"circulatory system"
],
[
"oxygen",
"oxygen"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Physics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"A shock wave."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"physics",
"physics"
],
[
"shock wave",
"shock wave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact.",
"(physics) A shock wave."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The train hit the buffers with a great shock.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden, heavy impact."
],
"links": [
[
"impact",
"impact"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Automotive",
"en:Mechanical engineering"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1993, “Back Seat (of My Jeep)”, in 14 Shots to the Dome, performed by LL Cool J:",
"text": "We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Cycle World Magazine, volume 33, number 1, page 49:",
"text": "At the rear, you'll find a single, centrally mounted shock, the now-familiar single-sided swingarm and BMW's Paralever shaft-drive system, which does away with most of a shafty's chassis-jacking bugaboos.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle)."
],
"links": [
[
"automotive",
"automotive"
],
[
"mechanical engineering",
"mechanical engineering"
],
[
"shock absorber",
"shock absorber"
],
[
"suspension",
"suspension"
],
[
"vehicle",
"vehicle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(automotive, mechanical engineering) A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"automotive",
"engineering",
"mechanical",
"mechanical-engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"transport",
"vehicles"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation."
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"discontinuity",
"discontinuity"
],
[
"partial differential equation",
"partial differential equation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels."
],
"links": [
[
"chemical",
"chemical"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
],
[
"chlorine",
"chlorine"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣadma",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَدْمَة"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śodoma",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "সদমা"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "údar",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "у́дар"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sblǎ́skvane",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "сблъ́скване"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoc"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chōngjī, chōngjí",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "衝擊 /冲击"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "náraz"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "šok"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schok"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "isku"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "jytky"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choc"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "klonismós",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κλονισμός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kradasmós",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κραδασμός"
},
{
"code": "mba",
"lang": "Higaonon",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "nakalitan"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jhaṭkā",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "झटका"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "syok"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "kejutan"
},
{
"alt": "しょうげき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōgeki",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "衝撃"
},
{
"alt": "衝擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chunggyeok",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "충격"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impulsus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "rutunga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wstrząs"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chock"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skräll"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "şok"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "choáng"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "ngạc nhiên"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "sudden, heavy impact",
"word": "bất ngờ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣadma",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَدْمَة"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "uzrušénnje",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "узрушэ́нне"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoc"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènhàn",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "震撼"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènjīng",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "震驚 /震惊"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chōngjí",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "衝擊 /冲击"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chok"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "shokki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "jymy-yllätys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choc"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schock"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "döbbenet"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "kejutan"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suaitheadh"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shokku",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "ショック"
},
{
"alt": "衝擊",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chunggyeok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "충격"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "syokeu",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "쇼크"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "ohorere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "ohomauri"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szok"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasénije",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "потрясе́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udár",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "уда́р"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pasmo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chock"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "överraskning"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "şok"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "potrjasínnja",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "потрясі́ння"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvorúšennja",
"sense": "something surprising",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "звору́шення"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "sốc"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "something surprising",
"word": "choáng"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣaʕqa",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "صَعْقَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tókov údar",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "то́ков у́дар"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "diànxiūkè",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "電休克 /电休克"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chùdiàn",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "觸電 /触电"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "schok"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "ŝoko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "sähköisku"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "sähköshokki"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlag"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ilektroplixía",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ηλεκτροπληξία"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "áramütés"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scossa"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "porażenie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "electrocución"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "electrochoque"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque eléctrico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jalonazo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "elstöt"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stöt"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "elchock"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "electric shock",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "chock"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "electric shock",
"word": "choáng"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiūkè",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "休克"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šok"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "chok"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "shokki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "šokki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "sokk"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "syok"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "renjatan"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "shock"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choc"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "eseñgıreu",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "есеңгіреу"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "commotus"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sjokk"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wstrząs"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock (shok)"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "şok"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "life-threatening medical emergency",
"word": "choáng"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"word": "ŝoko"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choc"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choc émotionnel"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suaitheadh intinne"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trauma emotivo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"word": "whētuki"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "choque emocional"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conmoción"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "impresión"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "estupor"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shock (shok)"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pasmo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anonadación"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "anonadamiento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sobresalto"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "šok",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шок"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "potrjasínnja",
"sense": "a sudden mental or emotional disturbance",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "потрясі́ння"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pluk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"word": "tuppo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"word": "tukko"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "thimoniá",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "θημωνιά"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "of hair",
"sense": "tuft or bunch",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "suasán"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with ignored alt parameters",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Higaonon translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Hair"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "schokken",
"4": "",
"5": "to push, jolt, shake, jerk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "choquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to collide with, clash"
},
"expansion": "Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*skokkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake up and down, shog"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skukkaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, shake, tremble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skakaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake, stir"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kek-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scoc",
"3": "",
"4": "a jolt, swing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schaukeln"
},
"expansion": "German schaukeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skykkr",
"3": "",
"4": "vibration, surging motion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skykkjun",
"3": "",
"4": "tremulously"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schiggen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shog"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of shog",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "shock (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with ignored alt parameters",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old Dutch",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Higaonon translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Hair"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "schokken",
"4": "",
"5": "to push, jolt, shake, jerk"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "choquer",
"4": "",
"5": "to collide with, clash"
},
"expansion": "Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*skokkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake up and down, shog"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skukkaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to move, shake, tremble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*skakaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to shake, stir"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kek-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scoc",
"3": "",
"4": "a jolt, swing"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "schocken",
"3": "",
"4": "to swing"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "schaukeln"
},
"expansion": "German schaukeln",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "skykkr",
"3": "",
"4": "vibration, surging motion"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "skykkjun",
"3": "",
"4": "tremulously"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "schiggen",
"3": "",
"4": "to shake"
},
"expansion": "Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shog"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of shog",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shocking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The disaster shocked the world.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset."
],
"links": [
[
"shocked",
"shocked"
],
[
"surprised",
"surprised"
],
[
"upset",
"upset"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To give an electric shock to."
],
"links": [
[
"electric shock",
"electric shock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To give an electric shock to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To subject to a shock wave or violent impact."
],
"links": [
[
"shock wave",
"shock wave"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To subject to a shock wave or violent impact."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque:",
"text": "They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter."
],
"links": [
[
"shock",
"#Noun"
],
[
"collide",
"collide"
],
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"encounter",
"encounter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels."
],
"links": [
[
"add",
"add"
],
[
"chemical",
"chemical"
],
[
"swimming pool",
"swimming pool"
],
[
"moderate",
"moderate"
],
[
"chlorine",
"chlorine"
],
[
"level",
"level"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Geology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 44:",
"text": "It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"deform",
"deform"
],
[
"crystal",
"crystal"
],
[
"pressure",
"pressure"
],
[
"temperature",
"temperature"
],
[
"hypervelocity",
"hypervelocity"
],
[
"impact",
"impact"
],
[
"explosion",
"explosion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology, transitive) To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "şoka salmaq"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šokiram",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "шокирам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "xocar"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "ŝoki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "järkyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shokeerata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "choquer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "schockieren"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sygklonízo",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "συγκλονίζω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zi'zéa'",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "זִעְזֵעַ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "megdöbbent"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "megráz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "sokkol"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shokar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "turbare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "stupefaciō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "consternō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakaanuanu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakaohomauri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakawhētuki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "whakaohorere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "szokować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaszokować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "chocar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šokírovatʹ",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "шоки́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potrjasátʹ",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "потряса́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "Southern Cone",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shockear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "conmocionar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "anonadar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "pasmar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "sobrecoger"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "shokear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "choquear"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "gây choáng"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "shokirn",
"sense": "to cause to be emotionally shocked",
"word": "שאָקירן"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣaʕaqa",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "صَعَقَ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udrja tok",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "удря ток"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "antaa sähköshokki"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "einen Stromstoß versetzen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "megráz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "sokkol"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "dar um choque"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "electrocutar"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to give an electric shock",
"word": "gây choáng"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with ignored alt parameters",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable",
"en:Hair"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shag",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "shag",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of shag.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shock (plural shocks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry:",
"text": "Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:",
"text": "Behind the Master walks, builds up the Shocks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook."
],
"links": [
[
"sheaves",
"sheaf"
],
[
"stook",
"stook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods."
],
"links": [
[
"lot",
"lot"
],
[
"Baltic",
"Baltic"
],
[
"loose",
"loose"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods."
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"commerce"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1968 October 12, Paul Zindel, chapter 12, in The Pigman:",
"text": "Every now and then I’m startled at how good-looking John is, but he glared at me from under the shock of hair that fell across his brow and scared me a little.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Hal Y. Zhang, Hard Mother, Spider Mother, Soft Mother, Brooklyn, NY: Radix Media, →ISBN, page 2:",
"text": "On day three I pointed at the edge of an intricate pentagram peeking above her shock of oily black hair.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass."
],
"links": [
[
"tuft",
"tuft"
],
[
"bunch",
"bunch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1827, Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert:",
"text": "When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog."
],
"links": [
[
"poodle",
"poodle"
],
[
"spitz",
"spitz"
],
[
"lapdog",
"lapdog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with ignored alt parameters",
"English links with redundant alt parameters",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk",
"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable",
"en:Hair"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*skek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "shag",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "shag",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Variant of shag.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shocking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shocked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to shock rye",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook."
],
"links": [
[
"stook",
"stook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʃɒk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɔk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʃɑk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shock.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "choque"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shock"
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "en",
"3": "shock"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "shock m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 1-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from English",
"Italian terms derived from English",
"Italian terms spelled with K",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian unadapted borrowings from English",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɔk",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɔk/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"shock (medical; violent or unexpected event)"
],
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɔk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔk"
}
],
"word": "shock"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "shock eléctrico"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "shock"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English shock.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "shock m (plural shocks)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shock"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ok",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ok/1 syllable",
"Spanish 1-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from English",
"Spanish terms derived from English",
"Spanish terms spelled with K",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish unadapted borrowings from English"
],
"glosses": [
"shock"
],
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃok/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈʃok]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ok"
}
],
"word": "shock"
}
Download raw JSONL data for shock meaning in All languages combined (62.7kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A sudden, heavy impact.'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"shock"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"accretion shock\"}, {\"word\": \"acoustic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"after-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anaphylactic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anti-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anti-shock body\"}, {\"word\": \"bottle-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"bow shock\"}, {\"word\": \"cardiogenic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"circulatory shock\"}, {\"word\": \"cold shock response\"}, {\"word\": \"culture shock\"}, {\"word\": \"current shock\"}, {\"word\": \"dengue shock syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"downshock\"}, {\"word\": \"economic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"electric shock\"}, {\"word\": \"future shock\"}, {\"word\": \"heat shock\"}, {\"word\": \"heat shock protein\"}, {\"word\": \"hypovolemic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"insulin shock therapy\"}, {\"word\": \"neurogenic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"Nixon shock\"}, {\"word\": \"oblique shock\"}, {\"word\": \"ontological shock\"}, {\"word\": \"re-entry shock\"}, {\"word\": \"return shock\"}, {\"word\": \"reverse culture shock\"}, {\"word\": \"septic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shell-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shell shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock absorber\"}, {\"word\": \"shock absorption\"}, {\"word\": \"shock and awe\"}, {\"word\": \"shock collar\"}, {\"word\": \"shock diamond\"}, {\"word\": \"shockee\"}, {\"word\": \"shocker\"}, {\"word\": \"shock front\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-headed\"}, {\"word\": \"shock horror\"}, {\"word\": \"shocking pink\"}, {\"word\": \"shock jock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock mount\"}, {\"word\": \"shock paddle\"}, {\"word\": \"shockproof\"}, {\"word\": \"shock rock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock site\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-stall\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stall\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stalled\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-stalled\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stalling\"}, {\"word\": \"shock strut\"}, {\"word\": \"shock tactics\"}, {\"word\": \"shock therapy\"}, {\"word\": \"shock to the system\"}, {\"word\": \"shock troop\"}, {\"word\": \"shockumentary\"}, {\"word\": \"shock value\"}, {\"word\": \"shockvertising\"}, {\"word\": \"shock wave\"}, {\"word\": \"shockwave\"}, {\"word\": \"shock worker\"}, {\"word\": \"short sharp shock\"}, {\"word\": \"sticker shock\"}, {\"word\": \"supply shock\"}, {\"word\": \"technology shock\"}, {\"word\": \"termination shock\"}, {\"word\": \"thermal shock\"}, {\"word\": \"toxic shock syndrome\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"bg\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"休克\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"cs\", \"2\": \"šok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Czech: šok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Czech: šok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"shock\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Italian: shock\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Italian: shock\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"ショック\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"shokku\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"쇼크\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mk\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Macedonian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Macedonian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"szok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Polish: szok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Polish: szok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ru\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Russian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Russian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sh\", \"2\": \"-\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Serbo-Croatian:\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Serbo-Croatian:\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Cyrillic: шо̏к\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Latin: šȍk\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sk\", \"2\": \"šok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Slovak: šok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Slovak: šok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"shock\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Spanish: shock\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Spanish: shock\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Something so surprising that it is stunning.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"surprising\", \"surprising\"], [\"stunning\", \"stunning\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"surprise\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"figuratively\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Psychology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2005, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, David Kessler, On Grief and Grieving, →ISBN, page 85:\", \"text\": \"A tremendous shock arises when a secret is discovered.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"psychology\", \"psychology\"], [\"disturbance\", \"disturbance\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(psychology) A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"psychology\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Medicine\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2018, Sandeep Jauhar, Heart: a History, →ISBN, page 173:\", \"text\": \"But as was the case with pacemakers, external defibrillators were unwieldy, and the shocks they delivered—in the rare cases when patients were still conscious—were painful.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"medicine\", \"medicine\"], [\"Electric shock\", \"electric shock\"], [\"burst\", \"burst\"], [\"energy\", \"energy\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(medicine) Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"medicine\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Psychology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2008, Wally Lamb, The Hour I First Believed, Ch.5, at p.112\", \"text\": \"\\\". . . Maureen, I don't feel sad. I don't feel anything. What's wrong with me?\\\"\\n\\\"Nothing, Cae,\\\" she said. \\\"You just haven't been able to take it in yet. Absorb the shock of it.\\\"\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"psychology\", \"psychology\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(psychology) A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"psychology\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Medicine\"], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"medicine\", \"medicine\"], [\"Circulatory shock\", \"circulatory shock\"], [\"inability\", \"inability\"], [\"circulatory system\", \"circulatory system\"], [\"oxygen\", \"oxygen\"], [\"tissue\", \"tissue\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"medicine\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Physics\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A shock wave.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"physics\", \"physics\"], [\"shock wave\", \"shock wave\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(physics) A shock wave.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"physics\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The train hit the buffers with a great shock.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Automotive\", \"en:Mechanical engineering\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Back Seat (of My Jeep)”, in 14 Shots to the Dome, performed by LL Cool J:\", \"text\": \"We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1994, Cycle World Magazine, volume 33, number 1, page 49:\", \"text\": \"At the rear, you'll find a single, centrally mounted shock, the now-familiar single-sided swingarm and BMW's Paralever shaft-drive system, which does away with most of a shafty's chassis-jacking bugaboos.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).\"], \"links\": [[\"automotive\", \"automotive\"], [\"mechanical engineering\", \"mechanical engineering\"], [\"shock absorber\", \"shock absorber\"], [\"suspension\", \"suspension\"], [\"vehicle\", \"vehicle\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(automotive, mechanical engineering) A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"automotive\", \"engineering\", \"mechanical\", \"mechanical-engineering\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"transport\", \"vehicles\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"discontinuity\", \"discontinuity\"], [\"partial differential equation\", \"partial differential equation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"links\": [[\"chemical\", \"chemical\"], [\"pool\", \"pool\"], [\"chlorine\", \"chlorine\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣadma\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَدْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śodoma\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"সদমা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"údar\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"у́дар\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sblǎ́skvane\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"сблъ́скване\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xoc\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chōngjī, chōngjí\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"衝擊 /冲击\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"náraz\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"šok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"schok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"isku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"jytky\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"klonismós\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κλονισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kradasmós\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κραδασμός\"}, {\"code\": \"mba\", \"lang\": \"Higaonon\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"nakalitan\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jhaṭkā\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"झटका\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"syok\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"kejutan\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうげき\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōgeki\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"衝撃\"}, {\"alt\": \"衝擊\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chunggyeok\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"충격\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"impulsus\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"rutunga\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"wstrząs\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"skräll\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"ngạc nhiên\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"bất ngờ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣadma\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَدْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uzrušénnje\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"узрушэ́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xoc\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhènhàn\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"震撼\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhènjīng\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"震驚 /震惊\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chōngjí\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"衝擊 /冲击\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"chok\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"shokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"jymy-yllätys\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Schock\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"döbbenet\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"kejutan\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suaitheadh\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shokku\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ショック\"}, {\"alt\": \"衝擊\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chunggyeok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"충격\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"syokeu\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"쇼크\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"whētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szok\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasénije\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясе́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pasmo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"överraskning\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasínnja\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясі́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zvorúšennja\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"звору́шення\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"sốc\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣaʕqa\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَعْقَة\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tókov údar\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"то́ков у́дар\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"diànxiūkè\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"電休克 /电休克\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chùdiàn\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"觸電 /触电\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"schok\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"ŝoko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"sähköisku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"sähköshokki\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Schlag\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"ilektroplixía\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ηλεκτροπληξία\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"áramütés\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"scossa\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"porażenie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"electrocución\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"electrochoque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque eléctrico\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"jalonazo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"elstöt\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stöt\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"elchock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xiūkè\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"休克\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šok\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"chok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"shokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"šokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"sokk\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"syok\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"renjatan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"eseñgıreu\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"есеңгіреу\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"commotus\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"wstrząs\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock (shok)\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"word\": \"ŝoko\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc émotionnel\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suaitheadh intinne\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trauma\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trauma emotivo\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"word\": \"whētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque emocional\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"conmoción\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"impresión\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estupor\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock (shok)\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pasmo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"anonadación\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"anonadamiento\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sobresalto\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasínnja\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясі́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pluk\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"word\": \"tuppo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"word\": \"tukko\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"thimoniá\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"θημωνιά\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"note\": \"of hair\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suasán\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"accretion shock\"}, {\"word\": \"acoustic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"after-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anaphylactic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anti-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anti-shock body\"}, {\"word\": \"bottle-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"bow shock\"}, {\"word\": \"cardiogenic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"circulatory shock\"}, {\"word\": \"cold shock response\"}, {\"word\": \"culture shock\"}, {\"word\": \"current shock\"}, {\"word\": \"dengue shock syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"downshock\"}, {\"word\": \"economic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"electric shock\"}, {\"word\": \"future shock\"}, {\"word\": \"heat shock\"}, {\"word\": \"heat shock protein\"}, {\"word\": \"hypovolemic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"insulin shock therapy\"}, {\"word\": \"neurogenic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"Nixon shock\"}, {\"word\": \"oblique shock\"}, {\"word\": \"ontological shock\"}, {\"word\": \"re-entry shock\"}, {\"word\": \"return shock\"}, {\"word\": \"reverse culture shock\"}, {\"word\": \"septic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shell-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shell shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock absorber\"}, {\"word\": \"shock absorption\"}, {\"word\": \"shock and awe\"}, {\"word\": \"shock collar\"}, {\"word\": \"shock diamond\"}, {\"word\": \"shockee\"}, {\"word\": \"shocker\"}, {\"word\": \"shock front\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-headed\"}, {\"word\": \"shock horror\"}, {\"word\": \"shocking pink\"}, {\"word\": \"shock jock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock mount\"}, {\"word\": \"shock paddle\"}, {\"word\": \"shockproof\"}, {\"word\": \"shock rock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock site\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-stall\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stall\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stalled\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-stalled\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stalling\"}, {\"word\": \"shock strut\"}, {\"word\": \"shock tactics\"}, {\"word\": \"shock therapy\"}, {\"word\": \"shock to the system\"}, {\"word\": \"shock troop\"}, {\"word\": \"shockumentary\"}, {\"word\": \"shock value\"}, {\"word\": \"shockvertising\"}, {\"word\": \"shock wave\"}, {\"word\": \"shockwave\"}, {\"word\": \"shock worker\"}, {\"word\": \"short sharp shock\"}, {\"word\": \"sticker shock\"}, {\"word\": \"supply shock\"}, {\"word\": \"technology shock\"}, {\"word\": \"termination shock\"}, {\"word\": \"thermal shock\"}, {\"word\": \"toxic shock syndrome\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"bg\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"休克\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"cs\", \"2\": \"šok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Czech: šok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Czech: šok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"shock\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Italian: shock\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Italian: shock\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"ショック\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"shokku\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"쇼크\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mk\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Macedonian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Macedonian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"szok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Polish: szok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Polish: szok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ru\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Russian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Russian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sh\", \"2\": \"-\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Serbo-Croatian:\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Serbo-Croatian:\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Cyrillic: шо̏к\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Latin: šȍk\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sk\", \"2\": \"šok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Slovak: šok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Slovak: šok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"shock\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Spanish: shock\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Spanish: shock\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Something so surprising that it is stunning.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"surprising\", \"surprising\"], [\"stunning\", \"stunning\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"surprise\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"figuratively\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Psychology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2005, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, David Kessler, On Grief and Grieving, →ISBN, page 85:\", \"text\": \"A tremendous shock arises when a secret is discovered.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"psychology\", \"psychology\"], [\"disturbance\", \"disturbance\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(psychology) A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"psychology\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Medicine\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2018, Sandeep Jauhar, Heart: a History, →ISBN, page 173:\", \"text\": \"But as was the case with pacemakers, external defibrillators were unwieldy, and the shocks they delivered—in the rare cases when patients were still conscious—were painful.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"medicine\", \"medicine\"], [\"Electric shock\", \"electric shock\"], [\"burst\", \"burst\"], [\"energy\", \"energy\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(medicine) Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"medicine\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Psychology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2008, Wally Lamb, The Hour I First Believed, Ch.5, at p.112\", \"text\": \"\\\". . . Maureen, I don't feel sad. I don't feel anything. What's wrong with me?\\\"\\n\\\"Nothing, Cae,\\\" she said. \\\"You just haven't been able to take it in yet. Absorb the shock of it.\\\"\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"psychology\", \"psychology\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(psychology) A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"psychology\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Medicine\"], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"medicine\", \"medicine\"], [\"Circulatory shock\", \"circulatory shock\"], [\"inability\", \"inability\"], [\"circulatory system\", \"circulatory system\"], [\"oxygen\", \"oxygen\"], [\"tissue\", \"tissue\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"medicine\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Physics\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A shock wave.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"physics\", \"physics\"], [\"shock wave\", \"shock wave\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(physics) A shock wave.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"physics\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The train hit the buffers with a great shock.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Automotive\", \"en:Mechanical engineering\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Back Seat (of My Jeep)”, in 14 Shots to the Dome, performed by LL Cool J:\", \"text\": \"We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1994, Cycle World Magazine, volume 33, number 1, page 49:\", \"text\": \"At the rear, you'll find a single, centrally mounted shock, the now-familiar single-sided swingarm and BMW's Paralever shaft-drive system, which does away with most of a shafty's chassis-jacking bugaboos.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).\"], \"links\": [[\"automotive\", \"automotive\"], [\"mechanical engineering\", \"mechanical engineering\"], [\"shock absorber\", \"shock absorber\"], [\"suspension\", \"suspension\"], [\"vehicle\", \"vehicle\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(automotive, mechanical engineering) A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"automotive\", \"engineering\", \"mechanical\", \"mechanical-engineering\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"transport\", \"vehicles\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"discontinuity\", \"discontinuity\"], [\"partial differential equation\", \"partial differential equation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"links\": [[\"chemical\", \"chemical\"], [\"pool\", \"pool\"], [\"chlorine\", \"chlorine\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣadma\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَدْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śodoma\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"সদমা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"údar\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"у́дар\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sblǎ́skvane\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"сблъ́скване\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xoc\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chōngjī, chōngjí\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"衝擊 /冲击\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"náraz\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"šok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"schok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"isku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"jytky\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"klonismós\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κλονισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kradasmós\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κραδασμός\"}, {\"code\": \"mba\", \"lang\": \"Higaonon\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"nakalitan\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jhaṭkā\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"झटका\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"syok\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"kejutan\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうげき\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōgeki\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"衝撃\"}, {\"alt\": \"衝擊\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chunggyeok\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"충격\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"impulsus\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"rutunga\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"wstrząs\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"skräll\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"ngạc nhiên\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"bất ngờ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣadma\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَدْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uzrušénnje\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"узрушэ́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xoc\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhènhàn\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"震撼\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhènjīng\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"震驚 /震惊\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chōngjí\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"衝擊 /冲击\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"chok\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"shokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"jymy-yllätys\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Schock\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"döbbenet\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"kejutan\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suaitheadh\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shokku\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ショック\"}, {\"alt\": \"衝擊\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chunggyeok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"충격\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"syokeu\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"쇼크\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"whētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szok\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasénije\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясе́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pasmo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"överraskning\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasínnja\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясі́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zvorúšennja\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"звору́шення\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"sốc\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣaʕqa\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَعْقَة\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tókov údar\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"то́ков у́дар\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"diànxiūkè\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"電休克 /电休克\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chùdiàn\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"觸電 /触电\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"schok\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"ŝoko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"sähköisku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"sähköshokki\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Schlag\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"ilektroplixía\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ηλεκτροπληξία\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"áramütés\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"scossa\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"porażenie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"electrocución\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"electrochoque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque eléctrico\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"jalonazo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"elstöt\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stöt\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"elchock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xiūkè\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"休克\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šok\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"chok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"shokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"šokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"sokk\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"syok\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"renjatan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"eseñgıreu\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"есеңгіреу\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"commotus\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"wstrząs\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock (shok)\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"word\": \"ŝoko\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc émotionnel\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suaitheadh intinne\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trauma\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trauma emotivo\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"word\": \"whētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque emocional\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"conmoción\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"impresión\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estupor\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock (shok)\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pasmo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"anonadación\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"anonadamiento\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sobresalto\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasínnja\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясі́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pluk\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"word\": \"tuppo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"word\": \"tukko\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"thimoniá\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"θημωνιά\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"note\": \"of hair\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suasán\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"accretion shock\"}, {\"word\": \"acoustic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"after-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anaphylactic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anti-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"anti-shock body\"}, {\"word\": \"bottle-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"bow shock\"}, {\"word\": \"cardiogenic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"circulatory shock\"}, {\"word\": \"cold shock response\"}, {\"word\": \"culture shock\"}, {\"word\": \"current shock\"}, {\"word\": \"dengue shock syndrome\"}, {\"word\": \"downshock\"}, {\"word\": \"economic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"electric shock\"}, {\"word\": \"future shock\"}, {\"word\": \"heat shock\"}, {\"word\": \"heat shock protein\"}, {\"word\": \"hypovolemic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"insulin shock therapy\"}, {\"word\": \"neurogenic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"Nixon shock\"}, {\"word\": \"oblique shock\"}, {\"word\": \"ontological shock\"}, {\"word\": \"re-entry shock\"}, {\"word\": \"return shock\"}, {\"word\": \"reverse culture shock\"}, {\"word\": \"septic shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shell-shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shell shock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock absorber\"}, {\"word\": \"shock absorption\"}, {\"word\": \"shock and awe\"}, {\"word\": \"shock collar\"}, {\"word\": \"shock diamond\"}, {\"word\": \"shockee\"}, {\"word\": \"shocker\"}, {\"word\": \"shock front\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-headed\"}, {\"word\": \"shock horror\"}, {\"word\": \"shocking pink\"}, {\"word\": \"shock jock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock mount\"}, {\"word\": \"shock paddle\"}, {\"word\": \"shockproof\"}, {\"word\": \"shock rock\"}, {\"word\": \"shock site\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-stall\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stall\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stalled\"}, {\"word\": \"shock-stalled\"}, {\"word\": \"shock stalling\"}, {\"word\": \"shock strut\"}, {\"word\": \"shock tactics\"}, {\"word\": \"shock therapy\"}, {\"word\": \"shock to the system\"}, {\"word\": \"shock troop\"}, {\"word\": \"shockumentary\"}, {\"word\": \"shock value\"}, {\"word\": \"shockvertising\"}, {\"word\": \"shock wave\"}, {\"word\": \"shockwave\"}, {\"word\": \"shock worker\"}, {\"word\": \"short sharp shock\"}, {\"word\": \"sticker shock\"}, {\"word\": \"supply shock\"}, {\"word\": \"technology shock\"}, {\"word\": \"termination shock\"}, {\"word\": \"thermal shock\"}, {\"word\": \"toxic shock syndrome\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"bg\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Bulgarian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"zh\", \"2\": \"休克\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Chinese: 休克 (xiūkè)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"cs\", \"2\": \"šok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Czech: šok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Czech: šok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"it\", \"2\": \"shock\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Italian: shock\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Italian: shock\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"ショック\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"shokku\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: ショック (shokku)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"쇼크\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 쇼크 (syokeu)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"mk\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Macedonian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Macedonian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"pl\", \"2\": \"szok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Polish: szok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Polish: szok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ru\", \"2\": \"шок\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Russian: шок (šok)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Russian: шок (šok)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sh\", \"2\": \"-\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Serbo-Croatian:\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Serbo-Croatian:\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Cyrillic: шо̏к\"}, {\"depth\": 2, \"templates\": [], \"text\": \"Latin: šȍk\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"sk\", \"2\": \"šok\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Slovak: šok\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Slovak: šok\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"es\", \"2\": \"shock\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Spanish: shock\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Spanish: shock\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"shock (countable and uncountable, plural shocks)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Something so surprising that it is stunning.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"surprising\", \"surprising\"], [\"stunning\", \"stunning\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(figuratively) Something so surprising that it is stunning.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"surprise\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"figuratively\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Psychology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2005, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, David Kessler, On Grief and Grieving, →ISBN, page 85:\", \"text\": \"A tremendous shock arises when a secret is discovered.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"psychology\", \"psychology\"], [\"disturbance\", \"disturbance\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(psychology) A sudden or violent mental or emotional disturbance.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"psychology\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"en:Medicine\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2018, Sandeep Jauhar, Heart: a History, →ISBN, page 173:\", \"text\": \"But as was the case with pacemakers, external defibrillators were unwieldy, and the shocks they delivered—in the rare cases when patients were still conscious—were painful.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"medicine\", \"medicine\"], [\"Electric shock\", \"electric shock\"], [\"burst\", \"burst\"], [\"energy\", \"energy\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(medicine) Electric shock, a sudden burst of electrical energy hitting a person or animal.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"medicine\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Psychology\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2008, Wally Lamb, The Hour I First Believed, Ch.5, at p.112\", \"text\": \"\\\". . . Maureen, I don't feel sad. I don't feel anything. What's wrong with me?\\\"\\n\\\"Nothing, Cae,\\\" she said. \\\"You just haven't been able to take it in yet. Absorb the shock of it.\\\"\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"psychology\", \"psychology\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(psychology) A state of distress following a mental or emotional disturbance, often caused by news or other stimuli.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"human-sciences\", \"psychology\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Medicine\"], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"medicine\", \"medicine\"], [\"Circulatory shock\", \"circulatory shock\"], [\"inability\", \"inability\"], [\"circulatory system\", \"circulatory system\"], [\"oxygen\", \"oxygen\"], [\"tissue\", \"tissue\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(medicine) Circulatory shock, a medical emergency characterized by the inability of the circulatory system to supply enough oxygen to meet tissue requirements.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"medicine\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Physics\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"A shock wave.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"physics\", \"physics\"], [\"shock wave\", \"shock wave\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\", \"(physics) A shock wave.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"physics\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The train hit the buffers with a great shock.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A sudden, heavy impact.\"], \"links\": [[\"impact\", \"impact\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"en:Automotive\", \"en:Mechanical engineering\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Back Seat (of My Jeep)”, in 14 Shots to the Dome, performed by LL Cool J:\", \"text\": \"We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1994, Cycle World Magazine, volume 33, number 1, page 49:\", \"text\": \"At the rear, you'll find a single, centrally mounted shock, the now-familiar single-sided swingarm and BMW's Paralever shaft-drive system, which does away with most of a shafty's chassis-jacking bugaboos.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).\"], \"links\": [[\"automotive\", \"automotive\"], [\"mechanical engineering\", \"mechanical engineering\"], [\"shock absorber\", \"shock absorber\"], [\"suspension\", \"suspension\"], [\"vehicle\", \"vehicle\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(automotive, mechanical engineering) A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"automotive\", \"engineering\", \"mechanical\", \"mechanical-engineering\", \"natural-sciences\", \"physical-sciences\", \"transport\", \"vehicles\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Mathematics\"], \"glosses\": [\"A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.\"], \"links\": [[\"mathematics\", \"mathematics\"], [\"discontinuity\", \"discontinuity\"], [\"partial differential equation\", \"partial differential equation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(mathematics) A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"topics\": [\"mathematics\", \"sciences\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"links\": [[\"chemical\", \"chemical\"], [\"pool\", \"pool\"], [\"chlorine\", \"chlorine\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣadma\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَدْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śodoma\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"সদমা\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"údar\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"у́дар\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"sblǎ́skvane\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"сблъ́скване\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xoc\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chōngjī, chōngjí\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"衝擊 /冲击\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"náraz\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"šok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"schok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"isku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"jytky\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"klonismós\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κλονισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kradasmós\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κραδασμός\"}, {\"code\": \"mba\", \"lang\": \"Higaonon\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"nakalitan\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"jhaṭkā\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"झटका\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"syok\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"kejutan\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうげき\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōgeki\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"衝撃\"}, {\"alt\": \"衝擊\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chunggyeok\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"충격\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"impulsus\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"rutunga\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"wstrząs\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"skräll\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"ngạc nhiên\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"sudden, heavy impact\", \"word\": \"bất ngờ\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣadma\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَدْمَة\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"uzrušénnje\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"узрушэ́нне\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"xoc\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhènhàn\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"震撼\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhènjīng\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"震驚 /震惊\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chōngjí\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"衝擊 /冲击\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"chok\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"shokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"jymy-yllätys\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Schock\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"döbbenet\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"kejutan\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suaitheadh\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shokku\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ショック\"}, {\"alt\": \"衝擊\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"chunggyeok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"충격\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"syokeu\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"쇼크\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"whētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"ohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szok\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasénije\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясе́ние\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"udár\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"уда́р\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pasmo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"överraskning\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasínnja\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясі́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"zvorúšennja\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"звору́шення\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"sốc\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"something surprising\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣaʕqa\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"صَعْقَة\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"tókov údar\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"то́ков у́дар\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"diànxiūkè\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"電休克 /电休克\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"chùdiàn\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"觸電 /触电\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"schok\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"ŝoko\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"sähköisku\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"sähköshokki\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Schlag\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"ilektroplixía\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ηλεκτροπληξία\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"áramütés\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"scossa\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"porażenie\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"electrocución\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"electrochoque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque eléctrico\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"jalonazo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"elstöt\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stöt\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"elchock\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"chock\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"electric shock\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xiūkè\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"休克\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šok\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"chok\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"shokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"šokki\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"sokk\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"syok\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"renjatan\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"shock\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"eseñgıreu\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"есеңгіреу\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"commotus\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"sjokk\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"wstrząs\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock (shok)\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"şok\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"life-threatening medical emergency\", \"word\": \"choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"word\": \"ŝoko\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choc émotionnel\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suaitheadh intinne\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trauma\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"trauma emotivo\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"word\": \"whētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"choque emocional\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"conmoción\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"impresión\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"colloquial\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estupor\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shock (shok)\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pasmo\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"anonadación\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"anonadamiento\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sobresalto\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"šok\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шок\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasínnja\", \"sense\": \"a sudden mental or emotional disturbance\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"потрясі́ння\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pluk\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"word\": \"tuppo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"word\": \"tukko\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"thimoniá\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"θημωνιά\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"note\": \"of hair\", \"sense\": \"tuft or bunch\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"suasán\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"shock (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"shock (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"shock (not comparable)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking.\"], \"tags\": [\"not-comparable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The disaster shocked the world.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.\"], \"links\": [[\"shocked\", \"shocked\"], [\"surprised\", \"surprised\"], [\"upset\", \"upset\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To give an electric shock to.\"], \"links\": [[\"electric shock\", \"electric shock\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To give an electric shock to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.\"], \"links\": [[\"shock wave\", \"shock wave\"], [\"impact\", \"impact\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque:\", \"text\": \"They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.\"], \"links\": [[\"shock\", \"#Noun\"], [\"collide\", \"collide\"], [\"violent\", \"violent\"], [\"encounter\", \"encounter\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"links\": [[\"add\", \"add\"], [\"chemical\", \"chemical\"], [\"swimming pool\", \"swimming pool\"], [\"moderate\", \"moderate\"], [\"chlorine\", \"chlorine\"], [\"level\", \"level\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Geology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 44:\", \"text\": \"It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.\"], \"links\": [[\"geology\", \"geology\"], [\"deform\", \"deform\"], [\"crystal\", \"crystal\"], [\"pressure\", \"pressure\"], [\"temperature\", \"temperature\"], [\"hypervelocity\", \"hypervelocity\"], [\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"explosion\", \"explosion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(geology, transitive) To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"geography\", \"geology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"şoka salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šokiram\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"шокирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"xocar\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"ŝoki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"järkyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokeerata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"choquer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"schockieren\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"sygklonízo\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"συγκλονίζω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zi'zéa'\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"זִעְזֵעַ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"megdöbbent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"megráz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"sokkol\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"turbare\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"stupefaciō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"consternō\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaanuanu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakawhētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"szokować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zaszokować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"chocar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šokírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"шоки́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"потряса́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"english\": \"Southern Cone\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shockear\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"conmocionar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"anonadar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"pasmar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"sobrecoger\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokear\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"choquear\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"gây choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"shokirn\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"שאָקירן\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣaʕaqa\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"صَعَقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"udrja tok\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"удря ток\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"antaa sähköshokki\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"einen Stromstoß versetzen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"megráz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"sokkol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"dar um choque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"electrocutar\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"gây choáng\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The disaster shocked the world.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.\"], \"links\": [[\"shocked\", \"shocked\"], [\"surprised\", \"surprised\"], [\"upset\", \"upset\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To give an electric shock to.\"], \"links\": [[\"electric shock\", \"electric shock\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To give an electric shock to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.\"], \"links\": [[\"shock wave\", \"shock wave\"], [\"impact\", \"impact\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque:\", \"text\": \"They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.\"], \"links\": [[\"shock\", \"#Noun\"], [\"collide\", \"collide\"], [\"violent\", \"violent\"], [\"encounter\", \"encounter\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"links\": [[\"add\", \"add\"], [\"chemical\", \"chemical\"], [\"swimming pool\", \"swimming pool\"], [\"moderate\", \"moderate\"], [\"chlorine\", \"chlorine\"], [\"level\", \"level\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Geology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 44:\", \"text\": \"It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.\"], \"links\": [[\"geology\", \"geology\"], [\"deform\", \"deform\"], [\"crystal\", \"crystal\"], [\"pressure\", \"pressure\"], [\"temperature\", \"temperature\"], [\"hypervelocity\", \"hypervelocity\"], [\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"explosion\", \"explosion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(geology, transitive) To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"geography\", \"geology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"şoka salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šokiram\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"шокирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"xocar\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"ŝoki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"järkyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokeerata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"choquer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"schockieren\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"sygklonízo\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"συγκλονίζω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zi'zéa'\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"זִעְזֵעַ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"megdöbbent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"megráz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"sokkol\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"turbare\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"stupefaciō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"consternō\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaanuanu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakawhētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"szokować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zaszokować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"chocar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šokírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"шоки́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"потряса́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"english\": \"Southern Cone\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shockear\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"conmocionar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"anonadar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"pasmar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"sobrecoger\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokear\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"choquear\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"gây choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"shokirn\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"שאָקירן\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣaʕaqa\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"صَعَقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"udrja tok\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"удря ток\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"antaa sähköshokki\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"einen Stromstoß versetzen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"megráz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"sokkol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"dar um choque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"electrocutar\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"gây choáng\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Middle French\", \"English terms derived from Old Dutch\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English uncomparable adjectives\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Dutch translations\", \"Requests for review of Estonian translations\", \"Requests for review of French translations\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Requests for review of Hungarian translations\", \"Requests for review of Italian translations\", \"Requests for review of Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Requests for review of Swedish translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Higaonon translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"dum\", \"3\": \"schokken\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to push, jolt, shake, jerk\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"frm\", \"3\": \"choquer\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to collide with, clash\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"odt\", \"3\": \"*skokkan\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake up and down, shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skukkaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to move, shake, tremble\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gem-pro\", \"3\": \"*skakaną\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"to shake, stir\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*(s)kek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gml\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"scoc\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"a jolt, swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"gmh\", \"2\": \"schocken\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to swing\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle High German schocken (“to swing”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"schaukeln\"}, \"expansion\": \"German schaukeln\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"non\", \"2\": \"skykkr\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"vibration, surging motion\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"is\", \"2\": \"skykkjun\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"tremulously\"}, \"expansion\": \"Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"enm\", \"2\": \"schiggen\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"to shake\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English schiggen (“to shake”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Doublet of shog\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.\\nCognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"The disaster shocked the world.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.\"], \"links\": [[\"shocked\", \"shocked\"], [\"surprised\", \"surprised\"], [\"upset\", \"upset\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel surprised and upset.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To give an electric shock to.\"], \"links\": [[\"electric shock\", \"electric shock\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To give an electric shock to.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.\"], \"links\": [[\"shock wave\", \"shock wave\"], [\"impact\", \"impact\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1832, Thomas De Quincey, Klosterheim Or, the Masque:\", \"text\": \"They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.\"], \"links\": [[\"shock\", \"#Noun\"], [\"collide\", \"collide\"], [\"violent\", \"violent\"], [\"encounter\", \"encounter\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete, intransitive) To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"obsolete\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"links\": [[\"add\", \"add\"], [\"chemical\", \"chemical\"], [\"swimming pool\", \"swimming pool\"], [\"moderate\", \"moderate\"], [\"chlorine\", \"chlorine\"], [\"level\", \"level\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"en:Geology\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 44:\", \"text\": \"It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.\"], \"links\": [[\"geology\", \"geology\"], [\"deform\", \"deform\"], [\"crystal\", \"crystal\"], [\"pressure\", \"pressure\"], [\"temperature\", \"temperature\"], [\"hypervelocity\", \"hypervelocity\"], [\"impact\", \"impact\"], [\"explosion\", \"explosion\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(geology, transitive) To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"], \"topics\": [\"geography\", \"geology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"şoka salmaq\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šokiram\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"шокирам\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"xocar\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"ŝoki\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"järkyttää\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokeerata\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"choquer\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"schockieren\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"sygklonízo\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"συγκλονίζω\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zi'zéa'\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"זִעְזֵעַ\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"megdöbbent\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"megráz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"sokkol\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokar\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"turbare\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"stupefaciō\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"consternō\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaanuanu\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaohomauri\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakawhētuki\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"whakaohorere\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"szokować\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"zaszokować\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"chocar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šokírovatʹ\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"шоки́ровать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"potrjasátʹ\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"потряса́ть\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"english\": \"Southern Cone\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shockear\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"conmocionar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"anonadar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"pasmar\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"sobrecoger\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"shokear\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"choquear\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"gây choáng\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"shokirn\", \"sense\": \"to cause to be emotionally shocked\", \"word\": \"שאָקירן\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"ṣaʕaqa\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"صَعَقَ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"udrja tok\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"удря ток\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"antaa sähköshokki\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"einen Stromstoß versetzen\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"megráz\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"sokkol\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"dar um choque\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"electrocutar\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"to give an electric shock\", \"word\": \"gây choáng\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shag\", \"notext\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"shag\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Variant of shag.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (plural shocks)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry:\", \"text\": \"Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Behind the Master walks, builds up the Shocks.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.\"], \"links\": [[\"sheaves\", \"sheaf\"], [\"stook\", \"stook\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dated terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.\"], \"links\": [[\"lot\", \"lot\"], [\"Baltic\", \"Baltic\"], [\"loose\", \"loose\"], [\"goods\", \"goods\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.\"], \"tags\": [\"dated\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"commerce\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1968 October 12, Paul Zindel, chapter 12, in The Pigman:\", \"text\": \"Every now and then I’m startled at how good-looking John is, but he glared at me from under the shock of hair that fell across his brow and scared me a little.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019, Hal Y. Zhang, Hard Mother, Spider Mother, Soft Mother, Brooklyn, NY: Radix Media, →ISBN, page 2:\", \"text\": \"On day three I pointed at the edge of an intricate pentagram peeking above her shock of oily black hair.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.\"], \"links\": [[\"tuft\", \"tuft\"], [\"bunch\", \"bunch\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.\"], \"tags\": [\"broadly\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1827, Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert:\", \"text\": \"When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.\"], \"links\": [[\"poodle\", \"poodle\"], [\"spitz\", \"spitz\"], [\"lapdog\", \"lapdog\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shag\", \"notext\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"shag\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Variant of shag.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (plural shocks)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry:\", \"text\": \"Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Behind the Master walks, builds up the Shocks.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.\"], \"links\": [[\"sheaves\", \"sheaf\"], [\"stook\", \"stook\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dated terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.\"], \"links\": [[\"lot\", \"lot\"], [\"Baltic\", \"Baltic\"], [\"loose\", \"loose\"], [\"goods\", \"goods\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.\"], \"tags\": [\"dated\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"commerce\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1968 October 12, Paul Zindel, chapter 12, in The Pigman:\", \"text\": \"Every now and then I’m startled at how good-looking John is, but he glared at me from under the shock of hair that fell across his brow and scared me a little.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019, Hal Y. Zhang, Hard Mother, Spider Mother, Soft Mother, Brooklyn, NY: Radix Media, →ISBN, page 2:\", \"text\": \"On day three I pointed at the edge of an intricate pentagram peeking above her shock of oily black hair.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.\"], \"links\": [[\"tuft\", \"tuft\"], [\"bunch\", \"bunch\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.\"], \"tags\": [\"broadly\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1827, Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert:\", \"text\": \"When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.\"], \"links\": [[\"poodle\", \"poodle\"], [\"spitz\", \"spitz\"], [\"lapdog\", \"lapdog\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shag\", \"notext\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"shag\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Variant of shag.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (plural shocks)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1557, Thomas Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry:\", \"text\": \"Cause it on shocks to be by and by set.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Behind the Master walks, builds up the Shocks.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An arrangement of sheaves for drying; a stook.\"], \"links\": [[\"sheaves\", \"sheaf\"], [\"stook\", \"stook\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English dated terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.\"], \"links\": [[\"lot\", \"lot\"], [\"Baltic\", \"Baltic\"], [\"loose\", \"loose\"], [\"goods\", \"goods\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(commerce, dated) A lot consisting of sixty pieces; a term applied in some Baltic ports to loose goods.\"], \"tags\": [\"dated\"], \"topics\": [\"business\", \"commerce\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"His head boasted a shock of sandy hair.\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1968 October 12, Paul Zindel, chapter 12, in The Pigman:\", \"text\": \"Every now and then I’m startled at how good-looking John is, but he glared at me from under the shock of hair that fell across his brow and scared me a little.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019, Hal Y. Zhang, Hard Mother, Spider Mother, Soft Mother, Brooklyn, NY: Radix Media, →ISBN, page 2:\", \"text\": \"On day three I pointed at the edge of an intricate pentagram peeking above her shock of oily black hair.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.\"], \"links\": [[\"tuft\", \"tuft\"], [\"bunch\", \"bunch\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by extension) A tuft or bunch of something, such as hair or grass.\"], \"tags\": [\"broadly\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1827, Thomas Carlyle, The Fair-Haired Eckbert:\", \"text\": \"When I read of witty persons, I could not figure them but like the little shock. (translating the German Spitz)\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.\"], \"links\": [[\"poodle\", \"poodle\"], [\"spitz\", \"spitz\"], [\"lapdog\", \"lapdog\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) A small dog with long shaggy hair, especially a poodle or spitz; a shaggy lapdog.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shag\", \"notext\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"shag\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Variant of shag.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to shock rye\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.\"], \"links\": [[\"stook\", \"stook\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shag\", \"notext\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"shag\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Variant of shag.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to shock rye\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.\"], \"links\": [[\"stook\", \"stook\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "shock/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English doublets\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English links with ignored alt parameters\", \"English links with redundant alt parameters\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *skek-\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"English verbs\", \"Pages with 3 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒk/1 syllable\", \"en:Hair\"], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*skek-\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"root\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"shag\", \"notext\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"shag\", \"name\": \"doublet\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Variant of shag.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"shocks\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocking\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"shocked\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"shock (third-person singular simple present shocks, present participle shocking, simple past and past participle shocked)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with usage examples\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"to shock rye\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.\"], \"links\": [[\"stook\", \"stook\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive) To collect, or make up, into a shock or shocks; to stook.\"], \"tags\": [\"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ʃɒk/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɔk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ʃɑk/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-shock.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg/En-us-shock.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/En-us-shock.ogg\"}, {\"homophone\": \"shark (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒk\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"choque\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"shock\"], \"word\": \"shock\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "shock",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.