See astonishment on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for astonishment meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "principle of least astonishment"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "astonish",
"3": "ment"
},
"expansion": "astonish + -ment",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From astonish + -ment.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "astonishments",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "astonishment (countable and uncountable, plural astonishments)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "astonish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "astonished"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "astonishing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The class looked on in astonishment as their teacher proceeded to tear the pages out of the textbook.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1630, John Milton, “On Shakespear” in Poems of Mr. John Milton, London: Ruth Raworth, 1645 p. 27,\nThou in our wonder and astonishment\nHast built thy self a live-long Monument."
},
{
"ref": "1908, Lucy Maud Montgomery, chapter 3, in Anne of Green Gables, Boston: L.C. Page, page 41",
"text": "Marilla’s astonishment could not have been greater if Matthew had expressed a predilection for standing on his head.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Andrea Levy, chapter 33, in Small Island, London: Review, page 330",
"text": "Imagine my astonishment when, reaching the bustling street, every Englishwoman I look on is also attired in a dowdy housecoat.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The feeling or experience of being astonished; great surprise."
],
"id": "en-astonishment-en-noun-AaE6ZUM8",
"links": [
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
],
[
"astonish",
"astonish"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "amazement"
},
{
"word": "stupefaction"
},
{
"word": "wonder"
},
{
"word": "wonderment"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḏuhūl",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ذُهُول"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dahša",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "دَهْشَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕajjub",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَجُّب"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zuhūl",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ذهول"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "zarmankʿ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "զարմանք"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "təəccüb"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdziŭljénnje",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "здзіўле́нне"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "padzíŭ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "падзі́ў"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "biśśõẏ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "বিস্ময়"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "učúdvane",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "учу́дване"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udivlénie",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "удивле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorament"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorpresa"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚愕"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīng'è",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "惊愕"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚異"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīngyì",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "惊异"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "údiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úžas"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "forbavselse"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "undran"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "hämmästys"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "hämmästyminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "kummastus"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "kummastuminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "étonnement"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abraio"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aglaio"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "medoña"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "infento"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Staunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Erstaunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verwunderung"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ékplixi",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "έκπληξη"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katáplixi",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατάπληξη"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sok",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σοκ"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thámbos",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "θάμβος"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "undrun"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uafás"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stupore"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meraviglia"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorpresa"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbigottimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "attonimento"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"alt": "おどろき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "odoroki",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚き"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"alt": "きょうがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyōgaku",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚愕"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollam",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "놀람"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollaum",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "놀라움"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čudenje",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чудење"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "začuduvanje",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зачудување"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "kekaguman"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vismayaṁ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "വിസ്മയം"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-yindys"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "māharotanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ta'ajjob",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "تعجب"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdziwienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zdziwko"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdumienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dziw"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "osłupienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surpresa"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uimire"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surprindere"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udivlénije",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "удивле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izumlénije",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изумле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "údiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úžas"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asombro"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estupefacción"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorpresa"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "extrañeza"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "häpenhet"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förvåning"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "taajjub",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "тааҷҷуб"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "şaşkınlık"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "şaşırtı"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "sürpriz"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zdyvuvánnja",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "здивува́ння"
},
{
"_dis1": "70 19 3 3 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pódyv",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́див"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(colloquial)"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Edith Wharton, The House of Mirth, New York: Scribner, Book 2, Chapter 9, p. 444",
"text": "To find Ned Silverton among the habitual frequenters of Mrs. Hatch’s drawing-room was one of Lily’s first astonishments;",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1964, Roald Dahl, chapter 18, in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Puffin, published 1998, page 83",
"text": "Everything he had seen so far — the great chocolate river, the waterfall, the huge sucking pipes, the candy meadows, the Oompa-Loompas, the beautiful pink boat, and most of all, Mr. Willy Wonka himself — had been so astonishing that he began to wonder whether there could possibly be any more astonishments left.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something very surprising."
],
"id": "en-astonishment-en-noun-Uzi041rc",
"links": [
[
"surprising",
"surprising"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "marvel"
},
{
"word": "stunner"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1583, Philip Barrough, The Method of Phisicke, London: Thomas Vautroullier, Book 3, Chapter 37, p. 126",
"text": "[…] there followeth astonishment of the leg that is neere, that it can neither be stretched out right, nor he cannot go on his feet.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss of physical sensation; inability to move a part of the body."
],
"id": "en-astonishment-en-noun-E1opuK3w",
"links": [
[
"Loss",
"loss"
],
[
"physical",
"physical"
],
[
"sensation",
"sensation"
],
[
"inability",
"inability"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loss of physical sensation; inability to move a part of the body."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "paralysis"
},
{
"word": "numbness"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1678, Aphra Behn, chapter 2, in The Lives of Sundry Notorious Villains, London: for the author, page 30",
"text": "Upon the Stage he so charmed the people into astonishment with his babble, that he made them buy off amain his Drugs;",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss of mental faculties, inability to think or use one's senses."
],
"id": "en-astonishment-en-noun-BgOoTjEo",
"links": [
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"faculties",
"faculty"
],
[
"inability",
"inability"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loss of mental faculties, inability to think or use one's senses."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stupor"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 5 5 26 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 12 8 23 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ment",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1651, Thomas Hobbes, chapter 46, in Leviathan, London: Andrew Crooke, page 374",
"text": "[…] as when a man ignorant of the Ceremonies of Court, comming into the presence of a greater Person than he is used to speak to, and stumbling at his entrance, to save himselfe from falling, lets slip his Cloake; to recover his Cloake, lets fall his Hat; and with one disorder after another, discovers his astonishment and rusticity.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss of composure or presence of mind."
],
"id": "en-astonishment-en-noun-KB60vgXm",
"links": [
[
"composure",
"composure"
],
[
"presence of mind",
"presence of mind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loss of composure or presence of mind."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consternation"
},
{
"word": "dismay"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-astonishment.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-astonishment.ogg/En-us-astonishment.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-astonishment.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "biśśõẏ",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "বিস্ময়"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "kummallisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vismayaṁ",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "വിസ്മയം"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surpresa"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "överraskning"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "şaşırtı"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 33 10 9 8",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "sürpriz"
}
],
"word": "astonishment"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -ment",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "principle of least astonishment"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "astonish",
"3": "ment"
},
"expansion": "astonish + -ment",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From astonish + -ment.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "astonishments",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "astonishment (countable and uncountable, plural astonishments)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "astonish"
},
{
"word": "astonished"
},
{
"word": "astonishing"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The class looked on in astonishment as their teacher proceeded to tear the pages out of the textbook.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1630, John Milton, “On Shakespear” in Poems of Mr. John Milton, London: Ruth Raworth, 1645 p. 27,\nThou in our wonder and astonishment\nHast built thy self a live-long Monument."
},
{
"ref": "1908, Lucy Maud Montgomery, chapter 3, in Anne of Green Gables, Boston: L.C. Page, page 41",
"text": "Marilla’s astonishment could not have been greater if Matthew had expressed a predilection for standing on his head.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Andrea Levy, chapter 33, in Small Island, London: Review, page 330",
"text": "Imagine my astonishment when, reaching the bustling street, every Englishwoman I look on is also attired in a dowdy housecoat.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The feeling or experience of being astonished; great surprise."
],
"links": [
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
],
[
"experience",
"experience"
],
[
"astonish",
"astonish"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "amazement"
},
{
"word": "stupefaction"
},
{
"word": "wonder"
},
{
"word": "wonderment"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(colloquial)"
},
{
"ref": "1905, Edith Wharton, The House of Mirth, New York: Scribner, Book 2, Chapter 9, p. 444",
"text": "To find Ned Silverton among the habitual frequenters of Mrs. Hatch’s drawing-room was one of Lily’s first astonishments;",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1964, Roald Dahl, chapter 18, in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, Puffin, published 1998, page 83",
"text": "Everything he had seen so far — the great chocolate river, the waterfall, the huge sucking pipes, the candy meadows, the Oompa-Loompas, the beautiful pink boat, and most of all, Mr. Willy Wonka himself — had been so astonishing that he began to wonder whether there could possibly be any more astonishments left.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something very surprising."
],
"links": [
[
"surprising",
"surprising"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "marvel"
},
{
"word": "stunner"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1583, Philip Barrough, The Method of Phisicke, London: Thomas Vautroullier, Book 3, Chapter 37, p. 126",
"text": "[…] there followeth astonishment of the leg that is neere, that it can neither be stretched out right, nor he cannot go on his feet.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss of physical sensation; inability to move a part of the body."
],
"links": [
[
"Loss",
"loss"
],
[
"physical",
"physical"
],
[
"sensation",
"sensation"
],
[
"inability",
"inability"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loss of physical sensation; inability to move a part of the body."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "paralysis"
},
{
"word": "numbness"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1678, Aphra Behn, chapter 2, in The Lives of Sundry Notorious Villains, London: for the author, page 30",
"text": "Upon the Stage he so charmed the people into astonishment with his babble, that he made them buy off amain his Drugs;",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss of mental faculties, inability to think or use one's senses."
],
"links": [
[
"mental",
"mental"
],
[
"faculties",
"faculty"
],
[
"inability",
"inability"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loss of mental faculties, inability to think or use one's senses."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "stupor"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1651, Thomas Hobbes, chapter 46, in Leviathan, London: Andrew Crooke, page 374",
"text": "[…] as when a man ignorant of the Ceremonies of Court, comming into the presence of a greater Person than he is used to speak to, and stumbling at his entrance, to save himselfe from falling, lets slip his Cloake; to recover his Cloake, lets fall his Hat; and with one disorder after another, discovers his astonishment and rusticity.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Loss of composure or presence of mind."
],
"links": [
[
"composure",
"composure"
],
[
"presence of mind",
"presence of mind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Loss of composure or presence of mind."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "consternation"
},
{
"word": "dismay"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-astonishment.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-astonishment.ogg/En-us-astonishment.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-astonishment.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḏuhūl",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ذُهُول"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dahša",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "دَهْشَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕajjub",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَعَجُّب"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zuhūl",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ذهول"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "zarmankʿ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "զարմանք"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "təəccüb"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zdziŭljénnje",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "здзіўле́нне"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "padzíŭ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "падзі́ў"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "biśśõẏ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "বিস্ময়"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "učúdvane",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "учу́дване"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udivlénie",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "удивле́ние"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorament"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorpresa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚愕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīng'è",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "惊愕"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚異"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīngyì",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "惊异"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "údiv"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úžas"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podiv"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "forbavselse"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "undran"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "hämmästys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "hämmästyminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "kummastus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "kummastuminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "étonnement"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abraio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aglaio"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "medoña"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "infento"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Staunen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Erstaunen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verwunderung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ékplixi",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "έκπληξη"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katáplixi",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κατάπληξη"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "sok",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "σοκ"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thámbos",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "θάμβος"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "undrun"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uafás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stupore"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "meraviglia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorpresa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sbigottimento"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "attonimento"
},
{
"alt": "おどろき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "odoroki",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚き"
},
{
"alt": "きょうがく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyōgaku",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "驚愕"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollam",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "놀람"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nollaum",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "놀라움"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čudenje",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чудење"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "začuduvanje",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зачудување"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "kekaguman"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vismayaṁ",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "വിസ്മയം"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-yindys"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "māharotanga"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ta'ajjob",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "تعجب"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdziwienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
],
"word": "zdziwko"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdumienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dziw"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "osłupienie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surpresa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uimire"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surprindere"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udivlénije",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "удивле́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izumlénije",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "изумле́ние"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "údiv"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "úžas"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "asombro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estupefacción"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sorpresa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "extrañeza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "häpenhet"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "förvåning"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "taajjub",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "тааҷҷуб"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "şaşkınlık"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "şaşırtı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"word": "sürpriz"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zdyvuvánnja",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "здивува́ння"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pódyv",
"sense": "amazement, great surprise",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́див"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "biśśõẏ",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "বিস্ময়"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "kummallisuus"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "vismayaṁ",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "വിസ്മയം"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "surpresa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "överraskning"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "şaşırtı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amazing thing",
"word": "sürpriz"
}
],
"word": "astonishment"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.