See kula on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zls"
},
"expansion": "South Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tr",
"3": "kule"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kule",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa",
"3": "قله",
"tr": "qolle"
},
"expansion": "Persian قله (qolle)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "قُلَّة",
"4": "",
"5": "pinnacle, zenith"
},
"expansion": "Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ق ل ل"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a South Slavic language, from Turkish kule, from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula (plural kulas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 0 5 5 8 2 0 0 5 3 4 5 0 1 4 9 3 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 3 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 4 4 4 1 3 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 6 6 11 3 0 0 3 2 2 3 0 1 2 7 2 2 0 1 0 3 1 2 0 2 2 1 1 0 1 0 2 2 2 4 0 1 0 3 2 1 2 5 5 1 2 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867, Georgina Mary Muir Mackenzie, Lady Georgina Mary Muir Sebright, Mackenzie Sebright, Adeline Paulina Irby, Travels in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe, page 107:",
"text": "Instead of the haïdooks, their next of kin, the zaptiés now hold a kula on the highest point of the pass; here one pauses to rest after scrambling up the vile Turkish road on one side of the ravine, and before scrambling down the vile Turkish road on the other.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Adil Zulfikarpašić, Milovan Djilas, Nadežda Gaće, The Bosniak, page 5:",
"text": "The most important kulas of the Čengić-begs are those in Zagorje, in Rataji and the River Odžak near Ustikolina.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Miranda Vickers, Between Serb and Albanian, page 111:",
"text": "The kulas were indeed like fortresses, with as many as twenty 'guns', ie. adult men ready to fight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tower, turret or steeple in Southeast Europe erected during the period of Ottoman domination on the area."
],
"id": "en-kula-en-noun-fKVbPnhq",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"turret",
"turret"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
],
[
"Southeast Europe",
"Southeast Europe"
]
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kula"
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "kula (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A ceremonial exchange system conducted in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea, involving the exchange of bracelets and necklaces, and linked to political authority."
],
"id": "en-kula-en-noun-J0-JfeQ5",
"links": [
[
"ceremonial",
"ceremonial"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"Papua New Guinea",
"Papua New Guinea"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
],
[
"necklace",
"necklace"
],
[
"political",
"political"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kula"
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "ban-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Balinese",
"lang_code": "ban",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ᬓᬸᬮ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balinese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ᬓᬸᬮ"
],
"id": "en-kula-ban-romanization-Tv3Pfgiq",
"links": [
[
"ᬓᬸᬮ",
"ᬓᬸᬮ#Balinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"glue; or any sticky adhesive substance"
],
"id": "en-kula-ceb-noun-KTCFdKJa",
"links": [
[
"glue",
"glue"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to glue; to join or attach something using glue"
],
"id": "en-kula-ceb-verb-vaag14MU",
"links": [
[
"glue",
"glue"
],
[
"join",
"join"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "participle form"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kout"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kout:",
"feminine singular past active participle"
],
"id": "en-kula-cs-verb-hpZcL9ds",
"links": [
[
"kout",
"kout#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kout"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kout:",
"neuter plural past active participle"
],
"id": "en-kula-cs-verb-YU21j2BH",
"links": [
[
"kout",
"kout#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkula]"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "meadow, field of grass",
"text": "kula mauʻu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"field, open area"
],
"id": "en-kula-haw-noun-Pz7tGEVU",
"links": [
[
"field",
"field"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hawaiian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"school"
],
"id": "en-kula-haw-noun-1k3r2ULX",
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulák",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulák",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulát",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulának",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláknak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulával",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákkal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulává",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákká",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulában",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulánál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláknál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulába",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulára",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulához",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákhoz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulából",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákból",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláról",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákról",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulától",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláktól",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kulám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulája",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulái",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulánk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláink",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulátok",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláitok",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulájuk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "kulák",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{alt}}}",
"head": "",
"nopalindromecat": ""
},
"expansion": "kula (plural kulák)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"plural": "kulák"
},
"expansion": "kula (plural kulák)",
"name": "hu-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kulá",
"2": "o"
},
"name": "hu-infl-nom"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shit"
],
"id": "en-kula-hu-noun-hfwX9waa",
"links": [
[
"shit",
"shit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) shit"
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkulɒ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lɒ"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "jv-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Javanese",
"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏꦸꦭ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Javanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ꦏꦸꦭ."
],
"id": "en-kula-jv-romanization-BeAXwQ0S",
"links": [
[
"ꦏꦸꦭ",
"ꦏꦸꦭ#Javanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "fa",
"3": "کل",
"tr": "kol"
},
"expansion": "Persian کل (kol)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Persian کل (kol).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulatar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "comparative",
"4": "kulatar",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kula (comparative kulatar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"comp": "tar"
},
"expansion": "kula (comparative kulatar)",
"name": "klj-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short, small"
],
"id": "en-kula-klj-adj-95SrA6Do",
"links": [
[
"short",
"short"
],
[
"small",
"small"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[qulɒ]",
"note": "Mansûrâbâdî"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊla(ː)]",
"note": "Xarrâbî"
},
{
"ipa": "[ku̞laː]",
"note": "Xarrâbî"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lindu",
"lang_code": "klw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lindu entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ginger"
],
"id": "en-kula-klw-noun-CN3~Tr45",
"links": [
[
"ginger",
"ginger"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦏꦸꦭ",
"tr": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کولا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "kula-kula",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulamu",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulanya",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "کولا"
},
"expansion": "kula (Jawi spelling کولا, plural kula-kula, informal 1st possessive kulaku, 2nd possessive kulamu, 3rd possessive kulanya)",
"name": "ms-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"slave"
],
"id": "en-kula-ms-noun-GDk2sBDG",
"links": [
[
"slave",
"slave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Javanese) slave"
],
"tags": [
"Javanese"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kulə/",
"tags": [
"Johor-Selangor"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kula/",
"tags": [
"Riau-Lingga"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ə"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "jv",
"3": "ꦏꦸꦭ",
"tr": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کولا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "کولا"
},
"expansion": "kula (Jawi spelling کولا)",
"name": "ms-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"I (me, my)"
],
"id": "en-kula-ms-pron-4a~UDEgz",
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
],
[
"my",
"my"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Javanese, possibly obsolete) I (me, my)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aku"
},
{
"word": "saya"
}
],
"tags": [
"Javanese",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kulə/",
"tags": [
"Johor-Selangor"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kula/",
"tags": [
"Riau-Lingga"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ə"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dmw",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mudburra",
"lang_code": "dmw",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mudburra entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mudburra particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"not (negative particle)"
],
"id": "en-kula-dmw-particle-nd-eWiiA",
"links": [
[
"not",
"not"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nay",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ngarrindjeri",
"lang_code": "nay",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ngarrindjeri entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "nay",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "nay:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 1 0 3 4 7 2 0 0 5 4 4 5 0 1 4 11 3 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 5 3 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 5 3 3 1 4 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 1 0 5 5 8 2 0 0 5 3 4 5 0 1 4 9 3 3 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 4 3 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 4 4 4 1 3 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"male she oak tree."
],
"id": "en-kula-nay-noun-bWqojg~~",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"she oak",
"she oak"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulen",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "kula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kule"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite feminine singular of kule"
],
"id": "en-kula-nb-noun-Q8GgHh~M",
"links": [
[
"kule",
"kule#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "kula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kule"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of kule"
],
"id": "en-kula-nn-noun-egs9bs7B",
"links": [
[
"kule",
"kule#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kakulan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "amarakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "apsarakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "buddhakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dwijakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dānawakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gokula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gurukula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jinakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "jātikula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "raṇakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ripukula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rājakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "rākṣasakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sambadhakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "satkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "siṅhakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tathāgatakula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦸꦭ",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦭ (kula) (inherited)\n→ Malay: kula\n→ Musi: kulo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦭ (kula) (inherited)\n→ Malay: kula\n→ Musi: kulo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "ᬓᬸᬮ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kula"
},
"expansion": "→ Balinese: ᬓᬸᬮ (kula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Balinese: ᬓᬸᬮ (kula)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल",
"t": "family; clan; lineage; herd; flock"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"family"
],
"id": "en-kula-kaw-noun-00pWmreq",
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 51 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"descent, origin"
],
"id": "en-kula-kaw-noun-Q7BPR96X",
"links": [
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ku.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-la"
},
{
"homophone": "kula"
},
{
"homophone": "kūla"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल",
"t": "family; clan; lineage; herd; flock"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "aṅulani"
},
{
"word": "kinulan"
},
{
"word": "kula-kula"
},
{
"word": "makula-kulan"
},
{
"word": "pakulan-kulan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wife of lower rank, second wife to the queen"
],
"id": "en-kula-kaw-noun-VEUFjwP8"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ku.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-la"
},
{
"homophone": "kula"
},
{
"homophone": "kūla"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ကုလား",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Burmese: ကုလား (ku.la:)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Burmese: ကုလား (ku.la:)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "กุล",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: กุล (gun)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: กุล (gun)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कुल (kula)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit कुल (kula)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sanskrit कुल (kula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kula n",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"accp": "kule",
"g": "n",
"nomp": "kulā",
"vocp": "kulā"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clan, caste, family"
],
"id": "en-kula-pi-noun-iPwUMiO2",
"links": [
[
"clan",
"clan"
],
[
"caste",
"caste"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ку́ля",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пу́ля",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "with sound changes"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ку́ля",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "kūle",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Middle High German kūle",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kugel"
},
"expansion": "German Kugel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Keule"
},
"expansion": "German Keule",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently borrowed from Middle High German kūle. In most senses cognate with German Kugel, in the sense “crutch” cognate with German Keule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "kulka"
},
"expansion": "kula f (diminutive kulka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ku",
"2": "l",
"genp": "kul/kuli"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "piłka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kłębek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 1 22 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 1 24 14 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 1 24 17 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 25 1 24 16 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "snowball",
"text": "kula śnieżna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ball (spherical object)"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-bgJ1O1qN",
"links": [
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Geometry",
"orig": "pl:Geometry",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "pl:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Topology",
"orig": "pl:Topology",
"parents": [
"Mathematics",
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 1 22 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 1 24 14 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 1 24 17 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 25 1 24 16 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ball"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-6d4IJj9K",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"topology",
"topology"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics, geometry, topology) ball"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"topology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bullet"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-7RLrIAAP",
"links": [
[
"bullet",
"bullet"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 1 22 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 1 24 14 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 1 24 17 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 25 1 24 16 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to walk on crutches",
"text": "chodzić o kulach",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crutch"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-dKvYwVhw",
"links": [
[
"crutch",
"crutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "pl:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 1 22 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 1 24 14 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 1 24 17 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 25 1 24 16 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "shot put",
"text": "pchnięcie kulą",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shot (the heavy iron ball)"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-un~g1eMm",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"shot",
"shot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) shot (the heavy iron ball)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Central Greater Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chełmno Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Greater Poland Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of głowa"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-1tL4pywP",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"głowa",
"głowa#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Central Greater Poland; humorous or Western Greater Poland; Central Greater Poland; humorous or Western Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Greater Poland, humorous or Western Greater Poland, Chełmno, figuratively) Synonym of głowa"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "głowa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kociewie Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 18 1 22 22 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 29 1 24 14 4 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 25 1 24 17 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 25 1 24 16 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crooked stick with which a village head convenes a village"
],
"id": "en-kula-pl-noun-bAbvX68w",
"links": [
[
"crook",
"crook"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"convene",
"convene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Kociewie) crooked stick with which a village head convenes a village"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Western Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
},
{
"homophone": "Kula"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قله",
"tr": "kulle"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قله (kulle)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kule"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kule",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "fa",
"3": "قله",
"tr": "qolle"
},
"expansion": "Persian قله (qolle)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ar",
"3": "قُلَّة",
"4": "",
"5": "pinnacle, zenith"
},
"expansion": "Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قله (kulle) (Turkish kule), from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kúla",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ла",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kúla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "kúla"
},
"expansion": "kúla f (Cyrillic spelling ку́ла)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kúla",
"10": "kule",
"11": "kuli",
"12": "kulama",
"13": "kulom",
"14": "kulama",
"2": "kule",
"3": "kule",
"4": "kula",
"5": "kuli",
"6": "kulama",
"7": "kulu",
"8": "kule",
"9": "kulo"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kralj краљ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dama"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kraljica дама"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "краљица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "top"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "kula топ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "кула"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "lovac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trkač"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "laufer ловац"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "тркач"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "лауфер"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "skakač"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "konj скакач"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "коњ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pješak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pešak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "pijun пјешак"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "пешак"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "пион"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "пијун"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tower"
],
"id": "en-kula-sh-noun-rSAVJj8z",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toranj"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": ", toranj"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turret"
],
"id": "en-kula-sh-noun-eqKEVafb",
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kupola"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"belfry, steeple"
],
"id": "en-kula-sh-noun-VUINqePz",
"links": [
[
"belfry",
"belfry"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zvonik"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "sh:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 23 16 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 3 93",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sh",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "sh:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rook"
],
"id": "en-kula-sh-noun-LCt2CAut",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) rook"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kǔːla/"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sid",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Sidamo",
"lang_code": "sid",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sidamo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to tell"
],
"id": "en-kula-sid-verb-cQpNzvhp",
"links": [
[
"tell",
"tell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to tell"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkula/"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ugua",
"alt": "-ugua"
},
"expansion": "Swahili -ugua",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Swahili -ugua.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "st",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sotho",
"lang_code": "st",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sotho entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be sick/ill"
],
"id": "en-kula-st-verb-ubyJq0sZ",
"links": [
[
"sick",
"sick"
],
[
"ill",
"ill"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "the ku class"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "verb form",
"3": "verbal noun of the ku class",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kula (verbal noun of the ku class)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula (verbal noun of the ku class)",
"name": "sw-inf"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-la"
}
],
"glosses": [
"infinitive of -la"
],
"id": "en-kula-sw-verb-q8mHh1Xw",
"links": [
[
"-la",
"la#Swahili"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"infinitive",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-kula.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/Sw-ke-kula.flac/Sw-ke-kula.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/Sw-ke-kula.flac/Sw-ke-kula.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "geishakula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "jordkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "julkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "knipkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kulform"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kulformad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kulfång"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kulgevär"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kullager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kulled"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "abbreviated ksp",
"word": "kulspruta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "abbreviated kg",
"word": "kulsprutegevär"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "abbreviated kpist",
"word": "kulsprutepistol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kulventil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lejonkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "malkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pungkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "samlagskula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spelkula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vaginalkula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kuula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: kuula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: kuula"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kúla",
"t": "lump, swelling"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kule",
"t": "depression, bulge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kugel",
"t": "ball, sphere, bullet"
},
"expansion": "German Kugel (“ball, sphere, bullet”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”), with the meaning of \"sphere\" influenced by Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”) and German Kugel (“ball, sphere, bullet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-or",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulans",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulors",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kula c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "kula c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-or"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stöta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 1 11 1 26 17 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a small ball made of earthenware, glass (marble) or a similar hard material; marble: spela kula; of steel in a ball bearing; sphere; testicle, often in the compound pungkula"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-h7XEeWYW",
"links": [
[
"ball",
"ball"
],
[
"marble",
"marble"
],
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
],
[
"pungkula",
"pungkula#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A bullet hit him right in the temple.",
"text": "En kula träffade honom rakt i tinningen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bullet"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-g3bNDaqJ",
"links": [
[
"bullet",
"bullet"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lion's den",
"text": "lejonkula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "den of robbers",
"text": "rövarkula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a den (inhabited cavern or hollow)"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-JevLntKk",
"links": [
[
"den",
"den"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I've made tons of cash with this car.",
"text": "Jag har tjänat massa kulor med den här bilen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"money"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-jSrItY6t",
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, chiefly in the plural) money"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"in-plural",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Heraldic charges",
"orig": "sv:Heraldic charges",
"parents": [
"Heraldry",
"History",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"roundel"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-KaIFx096",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"roundel",
"roundel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) roundel"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sv",
"name": "Athletics",
"orig": "sv:Athletics",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shot put (athletics event)"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-UCCdepO1",
"links": [
[
"athletics",
"athletics"
],
[
"shot put",
"shot put"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(athletics) shot put (athletics event)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kulstötning"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"athletics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"scoop"
],
"id": "en-kula-sv-noun-c5Ejtman",
"links": [
[
"scoop",
"scoop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of icecream) scoop"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of icecream"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-en kula.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Sv-en_kula.ogg/Sv-en_kula.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Sv-en_kula.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-²ʉːla"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tby",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tabaru",
"lang_code": "tby",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tabaru entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to give"
],
"id": "en-kula-tby-verb-jKZk8JaJ",
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) to give"
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈku.la]"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ikula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kulahin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "magkula"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "es",
"3": "colar",
"4": "",
"5": "to sift; to strain"
},
"expansion": "Spanish colar (“to sift; to strain”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Spanish colar (“to sift; to strain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulá",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜃᜓᜎ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kulá",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "kulá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 47 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 48 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 41 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 48 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 39 25",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Orchids",
"orig": "tl:Orchids",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bleaching of clothes under the sun (usually with blueing)"
],
"id": "en-kula-tl-noun-Y9y09dXz",
"links": [
[
"bleaching",
"bleaching"
],
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
],
[
"sun",
"sun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pagkukula"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 47 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 48 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 41 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 48 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 39 25",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Orchids",
"orig": "tl:Orchids",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"clothes being bleached under the sun"
],
"id": "en-kula-tl-noun-GKMO9j65",
"links": [
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
],
[
"bleached",
"bleached"
],
[
"sun",
"sun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuˈla/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈla]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃᜓᜎ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "kula (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "plant",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "(botany)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 47 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 41 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 39 25",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tl",
"name": "Orchids",
"orig": "tl:Orchids",
"parents": [
"Asparagales order plants",
"Flowers",
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Geodorum densiflorum (terrestrial orchid)"
],
"id": "en-kula-tl-noun-Xq5ic-xQ",
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkula/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkuː.lɐ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of kul"
],
"id": "en-kula-tr-noun-msDyK8UI",
"links": [
[
"kul",
"kul#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʊˈla/"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zacatepec Chatino",
"lang_code": "ctz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"old"
],
"id": "en-kula-ctz-adj-y6BrVzb6",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "omq-cha-pro",
"3": "*kwela"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Chatino *kwela",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "omq-zap-pro",
"3": "*kw-ella"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zapotecan *kw-ella",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Chatino *kwela, from Proto-Zapotecan *kw-ella.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zacatepec Chatino",
"lang_code": "ctz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fish"
],
"id": "en-kula-ctz-noun-tHSpmicF",
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zacatepec Chatino",
"lang_code": "ctz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"star"
],
"id": "en-kula-ctz-noun-Ul7KHVCJ",
"links": [
[
"star",
"star"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pnp-pro",
"2": "*kula"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuclear Polynesian: *kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuclear Polynesian: *kula"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central-Eastern Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Marquesic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "ʻulaʻula"
},
"expansion": "Hawaiian: ʻulaʻula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hawaiian: ʻulaʻula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mrq",
"2": "kuwa"
},
"expansion": "North Marquesan: kuwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Marquesan: kuwa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mqm",
"2": "kuwa"
},
"expansion": "South Marquesan: kuwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Marquesan: kuwa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mrv",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Mangarevan: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mangarevan: kura"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tahitic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Maori: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maori: kura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pnh",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Penrhyn: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Penrhyn: kura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ray",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Rapa: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rapa: kura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rar",
"2": "muramura"
},
"expansion": "Rarotongan: muramura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rarotongan: muramura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ty",
"2": "ʻuteʻute"
},
"expansion": "Tahitian: ʻuteʻute",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tahitian: ʻuteʻute"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pmt",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Tuamotuan: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuamotuan: kura"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rap",
"2": "herohero"
},
"expansion": "Rapa Nui: herohero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rapa Nui: herohero"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Samoic-Outlier:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ellicean:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpg",
"2": "mhee"
},
"expansion": "Kapingamarangi: mhee",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kapingamarangi: mhee"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nkr",
"2": "mea"
},
"expansion": "Nukuoro: mea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nukuoro: mea"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nur",
"2": "me"
},
"expansion": "Nuguria: me",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nuguria: me"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sky",
"2": "mea"
},
"expansion": "Sikaiana: mea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sikaiana: mea"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nho",
"2": "mea"
},
"expansion": "Takuu: mea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Takuu: mea"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tvl",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Tuvaluan: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvaluan: kula"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Futunic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aud",
"2": "mero"
},
"expansion": "Anuta: mero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anuta: mero"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fud",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "East Futuna: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Futuna: kula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mmw",
"2": "loa"
},
"expansion": "Emae: loa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emae: loa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fut",
"2": "toura"
},
"expansion": "Futuna-Aniwa: toura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Futuna-Aniwa: toura"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pkp",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Pukapukan: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pukapukan: kula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnv",
"2": "kuga"
},
"expansion": "Rennellese: kuga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rennellese: kuga"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkp",
"2": "mero"
},
"expansion": "Tikopia: mero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tikopia: mero"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wls",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Wallisian: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wallisian: kula"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Samoic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "ʔula"
},
"expansion": "Samoan: ʔula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samoan: ʔula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkl",
"2": "kukula"
},
"expansion": "Tokelauan: kukula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tokelauan: kukula"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tongic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "num",
"2": "kulokula"
},
"expansion": "Niuafo'ou: kulokula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Niuafo'ou: kulokula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "niu",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Niuean: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Niuean: kula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "to",
"2": "kulokula"
},
"expansion": "Tongan: kulokula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tongan: kulokula"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pol-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pol-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Polynesian/kula",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"red (color)"
],
"id": "en-kula-poz-pol-pro-noun-AN~8nTOu",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "tea"
},
{
"word": "[Term?]"
},
{
"word": "quli"
},
{
"word": "kula"
},
{
"word": "reŋareŋa"
},
{
"word": "felo"
},
{
"word": "mata"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "ban-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Balinese",
"lang_code": "ban",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ᬓᬸᬮ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Balinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Balinese non-lemma forms",
"Balinese romanizations",
"Balinese terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of ᬓᬸᬮ"
],
"links": [
[
"ᬓᬸᬮ",
"ᬓᬸᬮ#Balinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano nouns",
"Cebuano verbs",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"glue; or any sticky adhesive substance"
],
"links": [
[
"glue",
"glue"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cebuano entries with incorrect language header",
"Cebuano lemmas",
"Cebuano nouns",
"Cebuano verbs",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ceb",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to glue; to join or attach something using glue"
],
"links": [
[
"glue",
"glue"
],
[
"join",
"join"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech non-lemma forms",
"Czech participle forms",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "participle form"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kout"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kout:",
"feminine singular past active participle"
],
"links": [
[
"kout",
"kout#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kout"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kout:",
"neuter plural past active participle"
],
"links": [
[
"kout",
"kout#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkula]"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Persian",
"English terms derived from South Slavic languages",
"English terms derived from Turkish",
"English terms derived from the Arabic root ق ل ل",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zls"
},
"expansion": "South Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tr",
"3": "kule"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kule",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa",
"3": "قله",
"tr": "qolle"
},
"expansion": "Persian قله (qolle)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "قُلَّة",
"4": "",
"5": "pinnacle, zenith"
},
"expansion": "Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ق ل ل"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a South Slavic language, from Turkish kule, from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula (plural kulas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1867, Georgina Mary Muir Mackenzie, Lady Georgina Mary Muir Sebright, Mackenzie Sebright, Adeline Paulina Irby, Travels in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe, page 107:",
"text": "Instead of the haïdooks, their next of kin, the zaptiés now hold a kula on the highest point of the pass; here one pauses to rest after scrambling up the vile Turkish road on one side of the ravine, and before scrambling down the vile Turkish road on the other.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Adil Zulfikarpašić, Milovan Djilas, Nadežda Gaće, The Bosniak, page 5:",
"text": "The most important kulas of the Čengić-begs are those in Zagorje, in Rataji and the River Odžak near Ustikolina.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Miranda Vickers, Between Serb and Albanian, page 111:",
"text": "The kulas were indeed like fortresses, with as many as twenty 'guns', ie. adult men ready to fight.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tower, turret or steeple in Southeast Europe erected during the period of Ottoman domination on the area."
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"turret",
"turret"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
],
[
"Southeast Europe",
"Southeast Europe"
]
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kula"
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English lemmas",
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"English uncountable nouns",
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"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
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},
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}
],
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A ceremonial exchange system conducted in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea, involving the exchange of bracelets and necklaces, and linked to political authority."
],
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[
"ceremonial",
"ceremonial"
],
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"system",
"system"
],
[
"Papua New Guinea",
"Papua New Guinea"
],
[
"bracelet",
"bracelet"
],
[
"necklace",
"necklace"
],
[
"political",
"political"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"kula"
],
"word": "kula"
}
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"Hawaiian lemmas",
"Hawaiian nouns",
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"Pages with entries",
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"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
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"2": "noun"
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"name": "head"
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"Hawaiian terms with usage examples"
],
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{
"english": "meadow, field of grass",
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"type": "example"
}
],
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"field, open area"
],
"links": [
[
"field",
"field"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"school"
],
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
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{
"form": "kulák",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hu-infl-nom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulák",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulát",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulának",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláknak",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulával",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákkal",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákért",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causal-final",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulává",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákká",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákig",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákként",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-formal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive-modal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulában",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákban",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulán",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulánál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláknál",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulába",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákba",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulára",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákra",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"sublative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulához",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákhoz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulából",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákból",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláról",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákról",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"delative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulától",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláktól",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláké",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulákéi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "kulám",
"source": "declension",
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"first-person",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláim",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulád",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláid",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulája",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulái",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulánk",
"source": "declension",
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"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláink",
"source": "declension",
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"first-person",
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulátok",
"source": "declension",
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"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláitok",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulájuk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"possessed-single",
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kuláik",
"source": "declension",
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"plural",
"possessed-many",
"possessive",
"third-person"
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}
],
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{
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"4": "",
"5": "plural",
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"8": "{{{alt}}}",
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"nopalindromecat": ""
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "kula (plural kulák)",
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],
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"ku‧la"
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{
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"2": "o"
},
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],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
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"Hungarian nouns",
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"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
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"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/lɒ",
"Rhymes:Hungarian/lɒ/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"shit"
],
"links": [
[
"shit",
"shit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) shit"
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkulɒ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lɒ"
}
],
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}
{
"categories": [
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{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "romanization",
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula",
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],
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"lang_code": "jv",
"pos": "romanization",
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{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ꦏꦸꦭ"
}
],
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"Pages with entries"
],
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"Romanization of ꦏꦸꦭ."
],
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[
"ꦏꦸꦭ",
"ꦏꦸꦭ#Javanese"
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],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
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}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
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],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "fa",
"3": "کل",
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},
"expansion": "Persian کل (kol)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Persian کل (kol).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulatar",
"tags": [
"comparative"
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}
],
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{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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],
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"short, small"
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[
"short",
"short"
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[
"small",
"small"
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]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[qulɒ]",
"note": "Mansûrâbâdî"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊla(ː)]",
"note": "Xarrâbî"
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{
"ipa": "[ku̞laː]",
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}
{
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"ginger"
],
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[
"ginger",
"ginger"
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}
],
"word": "kula"
}
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"Rhymes:Malay/ə",
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{
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"3": "ꦏꦸꦭ",
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"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "کولا",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
},
{
"form": "kula-kula",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaku",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"informal",
"possessive"
]
},
{
"form": "kulamu",
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"possessive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kulanya",
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"third-person"
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}
],
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{
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}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"slave"
],
"links": [
[
"slave",
"slave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Javanese) slave"
],
"tags": [
"Javanese"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kulə/",
"tags": [
"Johor-Selangor"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kula/",
"tags": [
"Riau-Lingga"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ə"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Rhymes:Malay/ə",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
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{
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Javanese ꦏꦸꦭ (kula).",
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{
"form": "کولا",
"tags": [
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}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
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],
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"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"I (me, my)"
],
"links": [
[
"I",
"I"
],
[
"me",
"me"
],
[
"my",
"my"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Javanese, possibly obsolete) I (me, my)"
],
"tags": [
"Javanese",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kulə/",
"tags": [
"Johor-Selangor"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kula/",
"tags": [
"Riau-Lingga"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ulə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-lə"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ə"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aku"
},
{
"word": "saya"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
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],
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{
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"Mudburra lemmas",
"Mudburra particles",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
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"glosses": [
"not (negative particle)"
],
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[
"not",
"not"
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}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
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{
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"2": "noun"
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],
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{
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"Ngarrindjeri lemmas",
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"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"nay:Trees"
],
"glosses": [
"male she oak tree."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
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[
"she oak",
"she oak"
],
[
"tree",
"tree"
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]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulen",
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"alternative"
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}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
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"g": "f"
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],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
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"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
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"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kule"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite feminine singular of kule"
],
"links": [
[
"kule",
"kule#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "kula f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms",
"Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kule"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of kule"
],
"links": [
[
"kule",
"kule#Norwegian_Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms with homophones",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/la",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/la/2 syllables",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kakulan"
},
{
"word": "amarakula"
},
{
"word": "apsarakula"
},
{
"word": "buddhakula"
},
{
"word": "dwijakula"
},
{
"word": "dānawakula"
},
{
"word": "gokula"
},
{
"word": "gurukula"
},
{
"word": "jinakula"
},
{
"word": "jātikula"
},
{
"word": "raṇakula"
},
{
"word": "ripukula"
},
{
"word": "rājakula"
},
{
"word": "rākṣasakula"
},
{
"word": "sambadhakula"
},
{
"word": "satkula"
},
{
"word": "siṅhakula"
},
{
"word": "tathāgatakula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦸꦭ",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦭ (kula) (inherited)\n→ Malay: kula\n→ Musi: kulo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "> Javanese: ꦏꦸꦭ (kula) (inherited)\n→ Malay: kula\n→ Musi: kulo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ban",
"2": "ᬓᬸᬮ",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "kula"
},
"expansion": "→ Balinese: ᬓᬸᬮ (kula)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Balinese: ᬓᬸᬮ (kula)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल",
"t": "family; clan; lineage; herd; flock"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"family"
],
"links": [
[
"family",
"family"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"descent, origin"
],
"links": [
[
"descent",
"descent"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ku.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-la"
},
{
"homophone": "kula"
},
{
"homophone": "kūla"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Javanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Javanese lemmas",
"Old Javanese nouns",
"Old Javanese terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Old Javanese terms with homophones",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/la",
"Rhymes:Old Javanese/la/2 syllables",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aṅulani"
},
{
"word": "kinulan"
},
{
"word": "kula-kula"
},
{
"word": "makula-kulan"
},
{
"word": "pakulan-kulan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल",
"t": "family; clan; lineage; herd; flock"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Sanskrit कुल (kula, “family; clan; lineage; herd; flock”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Old Javanese",
"lang_code": "kaw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"wife of lower rank, second wife to the queen"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ku.la/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-la"
},
{
"homophone": "kula"
},
{
"homophone": "kūla"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ကုလား",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Burmese: ကုလား (ku.la:)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Burmese: ကုလား (ku.la:)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "กุล",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Thai: กุล (gun)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Thai: กุล (gun)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit कुल (kula)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "कुल"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit कुल (kula)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Sanskrit कुल (kula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "neuter",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pi-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulatthaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulasmā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulamhā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulehi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulebhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulassa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulānaṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulasmiṃ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulamhi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulesu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kulā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "kula n",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"accp": "kule",
"g": "n",
"nomp": "kulā",
"vocp": "kulā"
},
"name": "pi-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali neuter nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Latin script",
"Pali terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Pali terms inherited from Sanskrit"
],
"glosses": [
"clan, caste, family"
],
"links": [
[
"clan",
"clan"
],
[
"caste",
"caste"
],
[
"family",
"family"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ula",
"Rhymes:Polish/ula/2 syllables",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ку́ля",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Belarusian: ку́ля (kúlja)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "пу́ля",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "with sound changes"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: пу́ля (púlja) (with sound changes)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ку́ля",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: ку́ля (kúlja)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "kūle",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Middle High German kūle",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kugel"
},
"expansion": "German Kugel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Keule"
},
"expansion": "German Keule",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Apparently borrowed from Middle High German kūle. In most senses cognate with German Kugel, in the sense “crutch” cognate with German Keule.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "kulka"
},
"expansion": "kula f (diminutive kulka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ku",
"2": "l",
"genp": "kul/kuli"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "piłka"
},
{
"word": "kłębek"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "snowball",
"text": "kula śnieżna",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ball (spherical object)"
],
"links": [
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Geometry",
"pl:Mathematics",
"pl:Topology"
],
"glosses": [
"ball"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"geometry",
"geometry"
],
[
"topology",
"topology"
],
[
"ball",
"ball"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics, geometry, topology) ball"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"geometry",
"mathematics",
"sciences",
"topology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bullet"
],
"links": [
[
"bullet",
"bullet"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to walk on crutches",
"text": "chodzić o kulach",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crutch"
],
"links": [
[
"crutch",
"crutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with collocations",
"pl:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "shot put",
"text": "pchnięcie kulą",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shot (the heavy iron ball)"
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"shot",
"shot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) shot (the heavy iron ball)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Central Greater Poland Polish",
"Chełmno Polish",
"Polish humorous terms",
"Western Greater Poland Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of głowa"
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
],
[
"głowa",
"głowa#Polish"
]
],
"qualifier": "Central Greater Poland; humorous or Western Greater Poland; Central Greater Poland; humorous or Western Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Central Greater Poland, humorous or Western Greater Poland, Chełmno, figuratively) Synonym of głowa"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "głowa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Kociewie Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"crooked stick with which a village head convenes a village"
],
"links": [
[
"crook",
"crook"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"convene",
"convene"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Kociewie) crooked stick with which a village head convenes a village"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Western Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈku.la/",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
},
{
"homophone": "Kula"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pnp-pro",
"2": "*kula"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuclear Polynesian: *kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuclear Polynesian: *kula"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central-Eastern Polynesian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Marquesic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "haw",
"2": "ʻulaʻula"
},
"expansion": "Hawaiian: ʻulaʻula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hawaiian: ʻulaʻula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mrq",
"2": "kuwa"
},
"expansion": "North Marquesan: kuwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Marquesan: kuwa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mqm",
"2": "kuwa"
},
"expansion": "South Marquesan: kuwa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "South Marquesan: kuwa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mrv",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Mangarevan: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mangarevan: kura"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tahitic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mi",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Maori: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maori: kura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pnh",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Penrhyn: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Penrhyn: kura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ray",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Rapa: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rapa: kura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rar",
"2": "muramura"
},
"expansion": "Rarotongan: muramura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rarotongan: muramura"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ty",
"2": "ʻuteʻute"
},
"expansion": "Tahitian: ʻuteʻute",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tahitian: ʻuteʻute"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pmt",
"2": "kura"
},
"expansion": "Tuamotuan: kura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuamotuan: kura"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rap",
"2": "herohero"
},
"expansion": "Rapa Nui: herohero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rapa Nui: herohero"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Samoic-Outlier:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ellicean:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpg",
"2": "mhee"
},
"expansion": "Kapingamarangi: mhee",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kapingamarangi: mhee"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nkr",
"2": "mea"
},
"expansion": "Nukuoro: mea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nukuoro: mea"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nur",
"2": "me"
},
"expansion": "Nuguria: me",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nuguria: me"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sky",
"2": "mea"
},
"expansion": "Sikaiana: mea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sikaiana: mea"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nho",
"2": "mea"
},
"expansion": "Takuu: mea",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Takuu: mea"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tvl",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Tuvaluan: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tuvaluan: kula"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Futunic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aud",
"2": "mero"
},
"expansion": "Anuta: mero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Anuta: mero"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fud",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "East Futuna: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "East Futuna: kula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mmw",
"2": "loa"
},
"expansion": "Emae: loa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Emae: loa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fut",
"2": "toura"
},
"expansion": "Futuna-Aniwa: toura",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Futuna-Aniwa: toura"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pkp",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Pukapukan: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pukapukan: kula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnv",
"2": "kuga"
},
"expansion": "Rennellese: kuga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rennellese: kuga"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkp",
"2": "mero"
},
"expansion": "Tikopia: mero",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tikopia: mero"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wls",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Wallisian: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wallisian: kula"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Samoic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sm",
"2": "ʔula"
},
"expansion": "Samoan: ʔula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Samoan: ʔula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tkl",
"2": "kukula"
},
"expansion": "Tokelauan: kukula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tokelauan: kukula"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tongic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "num",
"2": "kulokula"
},
"expansion": "Niuafo'ou: kulokula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Niuafo'ou: kulokula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "niu",
"2": "kula"
},
"expansion": "Niuean: kula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Niuean: kula"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "to",
"2": "kulokula"
},
"expansion": "Tongan: kulokula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tongan: kulokula"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "poz-pol-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Polynesian",
"lang_code": "poz-pol-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Polynesian/kula",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "tea"
},
{
"word": "[Term?]"
},
{
"word": "quli"
},
{
"word": "kula"
},
{
"word": "reŋareŋa"
},
{
"word": "felo"
},
{
"word": "mata"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Polynesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Polynesian lemmas",
"Proto-Polynesian nouns",
"Proto-Polynesian term requests",
"poz-pol-pro:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"red (color)"
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Arabic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Persian",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns",
"sh:Chess"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ota",
"3": "قله",
"tr": "kulle"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قله (kulle)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kule"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kule",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "fa",
"3": "قله",
"tr": "qolle"
},
"expansion": "Persian قله (qolle)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ar",
"3": "قُلَّة",
"4": "",
"5": "pinnacle, zenith"
},
"expansion": "Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قله (kulle) (Turkish kule), from Persian قله (qolle), from Arabic قُلَّة (qulla, “pinnacle, zenith”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kúla",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "ку́ла",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kúla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kuli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "kúla"
},
"expansion": "kúla f (Cyrillic spelling ку́ла)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kúla",
"10": "kule",
"11": "kuli",
"12": "kulama",
"13": "kulom",
"14": "kulama",
"2": "kule",
"3": "kule",
"4": "kula",
"5": "kuli",
"6": "kulama",
"7": "kulu",
"8": "kule",
"9": "kulo"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "kralj краљ"
},
{
"word": "dama"
},
{
"word": "kraljica дама"
},
{
"word": "краљица"
},
{
"word": "top"
},
{
"word": "kula топ"
},
{
"word": "кула"
},
{
"word": "lovac"
},
{
"word": "trkač"
},
{
"word": "laufer ловац"
},
{
"word": "тркач"
},
{
"word": "лауфер"
},
{
"word": "skakač"
},
{
"word": "konj скакач"
},
{
"word": "коњ"
},
{
"word": "pješak"
},
{
"word": "pešak"
},
{
"word": "pion"
},
{
"word": "pijun пјешак"
},
{
"word": "пешак"
},
{
"word": "пион"
},
{
"word": "пијун"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tower"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "toranj"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": ", toranj"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turret"
],
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kupola"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"belfry, steeple"
],
"links": [
[
"belfry",
"belfry"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zvonik"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sh:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"rook"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"rook",
"rook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) rook"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kǔːla/"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sid",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Sidamo",
"lang_code": "sid",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sidamo entries with incorrect language header",
"Sidamo lemmas",
"Sidamo transitive verbs",
"Sidamo verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to tell"
],
"links": [
[
"tell",
"tell"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to tell"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkula/"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "ugua",
"alt": "-ugua"
},
"expansion": "Swahili -ugua",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with Swahili -ugua.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "st",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sotho",
"lang_code": "st",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sotho entries with incorrect language header",
"Sotho lemmas",
"Sotho verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be sick/ill"
],
"links": [
[
"sick",
"sick"
],
[
"ill",
"ill"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "the ku class"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "verb form",
"3": "verbal noun of the ku class",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kula (verbal noun of the ku class)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kula (verbal noun of the ku class)",
"name": "sw-inf"
}
],
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
"Swahili non-lemma forms",
"Swahili verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "-la"
}
],
"glosses": [
"infinitive of -la"
],
"links": [
[
"-la",
"la#Swahili"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"infinitive",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sw-ke-kula.flac",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/Sw-ke-kula.flac/Sw-ke-kula.flac.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/Sw-ke-kula.flac/Sw-ke-kula.flac.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Swedish/²ʉːla",
"Rhymes:Swedish/²ʉːla/2 syllables",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from German",
"Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "geishakula"
},
{
"word": "jordkula"
},
{
"word": "julkula"
},
{
"word": "knipkula"
},
{
"word": "kulform"
},
{
"word": "kulformad"
},
{
"word": "kulfång"
},
{
"word": "kulgevär"
},
{
"word": "kullager"
},
{
"word": "kulled"
},
{
"english": "abbreviated ksp",
"word": "kulspruta"
},
{
"english": "abbreviated kg",
"word": "kulsprutegevär"
},
{
"english": "abbreviated kpist",
"word": "kulsprutepistol"
},
{
"word": "kulventil"
},
{
"word": "lejonkula"
},
{
"word": "malkula"
},
{
"word": "pungkula"
},
{
"word": "samlagskula"
},
{
"word": "spelkula"
},
{
"word": "vaginalkula"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kuula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: kuula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: kuula"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kúla",
"t": "lump, swelling"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kule",
"t": "depression, bulge"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kugel",
"t": "ball, sphere, bullet"
},
"expansion": "German Kugel (“ball, sphere, bullet”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”), with the meaning of \"sphere\" influenced by Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”) and German Kugel (“ball, sphere, bullet”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-or",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulans",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kulor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulors",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulorna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kulornas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kula c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "kula c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-or"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "stöta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a small ball made of earthenware, glass (marble) or a similar hard material; marble: spela kula; of steel in a ball bearing; sphere; testicle, often in the compound pungkula"
],
"links": [
[
"ball",
"ball"
],
[
"marble",
"marble"
],
[
"sphere",
"sphere"
],
[
"testicle",
"testicle"
],
[
"pungkula",
"pungkula#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A bullet hit him right in the temple.",
"text": "En kula träffade honom rakt i tinningen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a bullet"
],
"links": [
[
"bullet",
"bullet"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "lion's den",
"text": "lejonkula",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "den of robbers",
"text": "rövarkula",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a den (inhabited cavern or hollow)"
],
"links": [
[
"den",
"den"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swedish slang",
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I've made tons of cash with this car.",
"text": "Jag har tjänat massa kulor med den här bilen.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"money"
],
"links": [
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, chiefly in the plural) money"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"in-plural",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sv:Heraldic charges"
],
"glosses": [
"roundel"
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"roundel",
"roundel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) roundel"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sv:Athletics"
],
"glosses": [
"shot put (athletics event)"
],
"links": [
[
"athletics",
"athletics"
],
[
"shot put",
"shot put"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(athletics) shot put (athletics event)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kulstötning"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"athletics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"scoop"
],
"links": [
[
"scoop",
"scoop"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of icecream) scoop"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of icecream"
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-en kula.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Sv-en_kula.ogg/Sv-en_kula.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Sv-en_kula.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-²ʉːla"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tby",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tabaru",
"lang_code": "tby",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tabaru ditransitive verbs",
"Tabaru entries with incorrect language header",
"Tabaru lemmas",
"Tabaru verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to give"
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) to give"
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈku.la]"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/a",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/a/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ula",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ula/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms derived from Spanish",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with mabilis pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns",
"tl:Orchids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ikula"
},
{
"word": "kulahin"
},
{
"word": "magkula"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "es",
"3": "colar",
"4": "",
"5": "to sift; to strain"
},
"expansion": "Spanish colar (“to sift; to strain”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Spanish colar (“to sift; to strain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kulá",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ᜃᜓᜎ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kulá",
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "kulá (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bleaching of clothes under the sun (usually with blueing)"
],
"links": [
[
"bleaching",
"bleaching"
],
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
],
[
"sun",
"sun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "pagkukula"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"clothes being bleached under the sun"
],
"links": [
[
"clothes",
"clothes"
],
[
"bleached",
"bleached"
],
[
"sun",
"sun"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuˈla/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[kʊˈla]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-a"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ula",
"Rhymes:Tagalog/ula/2 syllables",
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with malumay pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns",
"tl:Orchids"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜃᜓᜎ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "kula (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "plant",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "(botany)",
"name": "tlb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Geodorum densiflorum (terrestrial orchid)"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkula/",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkuː.lɐ]",
"tags": [
"Standard-Tagalog"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ula"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ku‧la"
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kul"
}
],
"glosses": [
"accusative singular of kul"
],
"links": [
[
"kul",
"kul#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʊˈla/"
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino adjectives",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zacatepec Chatino",
"lang_code": "ctz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"old"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns",
"Zacatepec Chatino terms derived from Proto-Chatino",
"Zacatepec Chatino terms derived from Proto-Zapotecan",
"Zacatepec Chatino terms inherited from Proto-Chatino",
"Zacatepec Chatino terms inherited from Proto-Zapotecan"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "omq-cha-pro",
"3": "*kwela"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Chatino *kwela",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "omq-zap-pro",
"3": "*kw-ella"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zapotecan *kw-ella",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Chatino *kwela, from Proto-Zapotecan *kw-ella.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zacatepec Chatino",
"lang_code": "ctz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fish"
],
"links": [
[
"fish",
"fish"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zacatepec Chatino entries with incorrect language header",
"Zacatepec Chatino lemmas",
"Zacatepec Chatino nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ctz",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "kula",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Zacatepec Chatino",
"lang_code": "ctz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"star"
],
"links": [
[
"star",
"star"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kula"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kula meaning in All languages combined (58.2kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": "started on line 91, detected on line 91"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – singular'",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – plural'",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Hungarian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Nominative (first)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Accusative (second)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Instrumental (third)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Dative (fourth)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Ablative (fifth)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Genitive (sixth)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Locative (seventh)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Pali]; cleaned text: Vocative (calling)",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Pali",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Central Greater Poland, humorous or Western Greater Poland, Chełmno, figuratively",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Central Greater Poland, humorous or Western Greater Poland, Chełmno, figuratively",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Kociewie",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Kociewie",
"path": [
"kula"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "kula",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.