See initial on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for initial meaning in All languages combined (47.4kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "final"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "eternal"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "head-initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial caps"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial coin offering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initially"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial mass function"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initialness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial object"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial point"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial public offering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial reject"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial topology"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial-value problem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "initial value problem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "peninitial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "initial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French initial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initiālis",
"t": "of the beginning, incipient, initial"
},
"expansion": "initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "a going in, entrance, beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inire",
"t": "to go in, enter upon, begin"
},
"expansion": "inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ire",
"t": "to go"
},
"expansion": "ire (“to go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French initial or directly from its Latin etymon initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”), from initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”), from inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”), from in (“in”) + ire (“to go”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "initial (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "early"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "emergent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "elementary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "inchoate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "immature"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "unripe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "aboriginal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "introductory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "prefatory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "preliminary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "premisory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "preparatory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "prolusory"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "former"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relating to birth"
],
"word": "natal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Our initial admiration for their efficiency gave way to disgust about their methods.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The initial stages of a syndrome may differ vastly from the final symptoms.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2021 January 13, David Clough, “Trans-Pennine transport transformers”, in RAIL, issue 922, page 58",
"text": "While the first part to Manchester is level after the initial climb out of Liverpool, the section over the Pennines between Manchester and Leeds is very difficult, with steep gradients as well as many slowings over junctions and curves.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chronologically first, early; of or pertaining to the beginning, cause or origin."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-adj-eUcRrwZp",
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"early",
"early"
],
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ilkin"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ibtidai"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "təwge",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "тәүге"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "berense",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "беренсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pǎrvonačalen",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "първоначален"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "počáteční"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "výchozí"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "aanvankelijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "alku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "alkuperäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "varhainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "esi-"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "alustava"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "anfänglich"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ursprünglich"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archikós",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "αρχικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "arktikós",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ἀρκτικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "kezdeti"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "iniziale"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shoki no",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "初期の"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajime no",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "始めの"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tūñğyş",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "тұңғыш"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "initiālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "principiālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "początkowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "isxódnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "исхо́дный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pervonačálʹnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "первонача́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pervíčnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "перви́чный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "originálʹnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "оригина́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "tùsail"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "počiatočný"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pervýnnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "перви́нний"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počatkóvyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "початко́вий"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "deslepki",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "دەسلەپكى"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "bashtiki",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "باشتىكى"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 46 1 18 8 14 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 28 1 12 11 21 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The initial letter of names is usually printed with a capital letter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-adj-4cqukLKd",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"position",
"position"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "qabaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ön"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "birinci"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "alğı",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "алғы"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "aldağı",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "алдағы"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "berense",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "беренсе"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "baştağı",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "баштағы"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalen",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "начален"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "počáteční"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ensimmäinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "anfänglich"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "erster"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "kezdő-"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "iniziale"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saisho no",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "最初の"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajime no",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "始めの"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tūñğyş",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "тұңғыш"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pérvyj",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "пе́рвый"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ön"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ilk"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "incipient"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "opening"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "beginning"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "commencing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "earliest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "first"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "maiden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "nascent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "original"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "primary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "prime"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "primeval"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "primordial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "starting"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"initial"
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initialism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initial teaching alphabet"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "initial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French initial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initiālis",
"t": "of the beginning, incipient, initial"
},
"expansion": "initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "a going in, entrance, beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inire",
"t": "to go in, enter upon, begin"
},
"expansion": "inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ire",
"t": "to go"
},
"expansion": "ire (“to go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French initial or directly from its Latin etymon initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”), from initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”), from inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”), from in (“in”) + ire (“to go”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "initial (plural initials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "monogram"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The first letter of a word or a name."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-noun--5O1K~DN",
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"name",
"name"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥarf ʔawwaliyy",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَرْف أَوَّلِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "skzbnataṙ",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "սկզբնատառ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "baş xəref",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "баш хәреф"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalna bukva",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "начална буква"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǒuzìmǔ",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "首字母"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "beginletter"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "initiaal"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"note": "for first names only",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "voorletter"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "ĉeflitero"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "alkukirjain"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettrine"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "première lettre"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Anfangsbuchstabe"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archikó grámma",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αρχικό γράμμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "kezdőbetű"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafsstafur"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "túslitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceannlitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"alt": "かしらもじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kashiramoji",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "頭文字"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dumunja",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "두문자"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnaja búkva",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льная бу́ква"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "иницѝја̄л"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "inicìjāl"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "initialbokstav"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begynnelsebokstav"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "başlak"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 30 15 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počatkóva lítera",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "початко́ва лі́тера"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "You can get your initials printed at the top."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In plural, the first letter of each word of a person's full name considered as a unit."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-noun-rQezJZC0",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"unit",
"unit"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "inicial",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инициал"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "inicials"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "inicialo"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "inicialoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "ĉeflitero"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "nimikirjaimet"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iniciais"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "monografí",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μονογραφή"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "monogram"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fangamark"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "upphafsstafir"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "inisharu",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "イニシャル"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inicijál",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "иниција́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "inisial"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciál",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инициа́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iniciales"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "monogram"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "başlak"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "başlaklar"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 78 3 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "iniciál",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ініціа́л"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Calligraphy",
"orig": "en:Calligraphy",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Writing",
"Culture",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Society",
"Human",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Typography",
"orig": "en:Typography",
"parents": [
"Printing",
"Writing",
"Industries",
"Human behaviour",
"Language",
"Business",
"Human",
"Communication",
"Economics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A distinguished initial letter of a chapter or section of a document."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-noun-HG9wQyBN",
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"calligraphy",
"calligraphy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(typography, calligraphy) A distinguished initial letter of a chapter or section of a document."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"calligraphy",
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"typography",
"writing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "caplletra"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǒuzì fàngdà",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "首字放大"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciála"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "ĉeflitero"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "anfangi"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettrine"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protógramma",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πρωτόγραμμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "iniciálé"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "túslitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceannlitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "iniseal"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "inisharu",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "イニシャル"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inicijál",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "иниција́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inicjał"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "búkvica",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бу́квица"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciál",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инициа́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "anfang"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 27 60 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "başlak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "en:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-noun-ckb9BmwP",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"syllable",
"syllable"
],
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "obertura"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "聲母"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngmǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "声母"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "聲紐"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngniǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "声纽"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "音紐"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīnniǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "音纽"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "紐"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "niǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "纽"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "aloke"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"alt": "せいぼ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seibo",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "声母"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"alt": "聲母",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seongmo",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "성모"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "choseong",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "초성"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheotsori",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "첫소리"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciálʹ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициа́ль"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 14 3 77",
"alt": "聲母",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "thanh mẫu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"typography",
"publishing",
"media",
"calligraphy",
"arts",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "drop cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"topics": [
"typography",
"publishing",
"media",
"calligraphy",
"arts",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "versal"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"initial"
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "initial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French initial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
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},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
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},
"expansion": "initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inire",
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},
"expansion": "inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ire",
"t": "to go"
},
"expansion": "ire (“to go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French initial or directly from its Latin etymon initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”), from initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”), from inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”), from in (“in”) + ire (“to go”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initials",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "initialing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "initialling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Please initial each page and sign the contract in full at the bottom.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sign one's initial(s), as an abbreviated signature."
],
"id": "en-initial-en-verb-WYA9kA4l",
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"signature",
"signature"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To sign one's initial(s), as an abbreviated signature."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "init"
},
{
"word": "initialize"
},
{
"word": "initiate"
},
{
"word": "initiation"
},
{
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"word": "middle"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "草簽"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cǎoqiān",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "草签"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "paraferen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "vahvistaa nimikirjaimilla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafoida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parapher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "paraphrasieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "abzeichnen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "monografó",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "μονογραφώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "kézjeggyel ellát"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "initials or full name",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "szignál"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "rubricar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "parafírovatʹ",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "парафи́ровать"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafe etmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafelemek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "paraflamak"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"initial"
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "initiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin initiālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin initiālis, from initium (“beginning”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "initiaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
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"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "initial (feminine initiale, masculine plural initiaux, feminine plural initiales)",
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}
],
"lang": "French",
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"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"initial"
],
"id": "en-initial-fr-adj-rBtcCWGn",
"links": [
[
"initial",
"#Adjective"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"word": "initialement"
},
{
"word": "initialiser"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i.ni.sjal/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "initialer",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
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"tags": [
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
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"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
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"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
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"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
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"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
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"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialem",
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"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
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"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eines initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eines initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einem initialen",
"source": "declension",
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"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer initialen",
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"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einem initialen",
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"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einen initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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"indefinite",
"mixed",
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]
},
{
"form": "keine initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "initial (strong nominative masculine singular initialer, not comparable)",
"name": "de-adj"
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],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "de-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
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{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-initial-de-adj-D8icz5xH",
"links": [
[
"initial",
"#English"
],
[
"incipient",
"incipient"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iniˈt͡sɪ̯aːl/"
},
{
"audio": "De-initial.ogg",
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"text": "Audio"
}
],
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}
{
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"3": "initiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin initiālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin initiālis.",
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{
"form": "initialen",
"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "initialene",
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"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an initial (first letter of a name)"
],
"id": "en-initial-nb-noun-N~wlM0CZ",
"links": [
[
"initial",
"initial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
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]
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
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"3": "initiālis"
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"expansion": "Latin initiālis",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Latin initiālis.",
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{
"form": "initialen",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialar",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "initialane",
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"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an initial (first letter of a name)"
],
"id": "en-initial-nn-noun-N~wlM0CZ",
"links": [
[
"initial",
"initial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "final"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "eternal"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "head-initial"
},
{
"word": "initial caps"
},
{
"word": "initial coin offering"
},
{
"word": "initially"
},
{
"word": "initial mass function"
},
{
"word": "initialness"
},
{
"word": "initial object"
},
{
"word": "initial point"
},
{
"word": "initial public offering"
},
{
"word": "initial reject"
},
{
"word": "initial topology"
},
{
"word": "initial-value problem"
},
{
"word": "initial value problem"
},
{
"word": "peninitial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "initial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French initial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initiālis",
"t": "of the beginning, incipient, initial"
},
"expansion": "initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "a going in, entrance, beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inire",
"t": "to go in, enter upon, begin"
},
"expansion": "inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ire",
"t": "to go"
},
"expansion": "ire (“to go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French initial or directly from its Latin etymon initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”), from initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”), from inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”), from in (“in”) + ire (“to go”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "initial (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "early"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "emergent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "elementary"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "inchoate"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "immature"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "unripe"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "aboriginal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "introductory"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "prefatory"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "preliminary"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "premisory"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "preparatory"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "prolusory"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "former"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relating to birth"
],
"word": "natal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Our initial admiration for their efficiency gave way to disgust about their methods.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The initial stages of a syndrome may differ vastly from the final symptoms.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2021 January 13, David Clough, “Trans-Pennine transport transformers”, in RAIL, issue 922, page 58",
"text": "While the first part to Manchester is level after the initial climb out of Liverpool, the section over the Pennines between Manchester and Leeds is very difficult, with steep gradients as well as many slowings over junctions and curves.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chronologically first, early; of or pertaining to the beginning, cause or origin."
],
"links": [
[
"first",
"first"
],
[
"early",
"early"
],
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The initial letter of names is usually printed with a capital letter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Spatially first, placed at the beginning, in the first position; especially said of the first letter of a word."
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
],
[
"position",
"position"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "incipient"
},
{
"word": "opening"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "beginning"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "commencing"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "earliest"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "first"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "maiden"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "nascent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "original"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "primary"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "prime"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "primeval"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "primordial"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:initial",
"word": "starting"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ilkin"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ibtidai"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "təwge",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "тәүге"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "berense",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "беренсе"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pǎrvonačalen",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "първоначален"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "počáteční"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "výchozí"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "aanvankelijk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "alku-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "alkuperäinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "varhainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "esi-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "alustava"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "anfänglich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ursprünglich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archikós",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "αρχικός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "arktikós",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ἀρκτικός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "kezdeti"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "iniziale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shoki no",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "初期の"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajime no",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "始めの"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tūñğyş",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "тұңғыш"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "initiālis"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "principiālis"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "początkowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "isxódnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "исхо́дный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pervonačálʹnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "первонача́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pervíčnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "перви́чный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "originálʹnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "оригина́льный"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "tùsail"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "počiatočný"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pervýnnyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "перви́нний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počatkóvyj",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "початко́вий"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "deslepki",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "دەسلەپكى"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "bashtiki",
"sense": "chronologically first",
"word": "باشتىكى"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "qabaq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ön"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ilk"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "birinci"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "alğı",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "алғы"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "aldağı",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "алдағы"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "berense",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "беренсе"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "baştağı",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "баштағы"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalen",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "начален"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "počáteční"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ensimmäinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "anfänglich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "erster"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "kezdő-"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "iniziale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saisho no",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "最初の"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hajime no",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "始めの"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tūñğyş",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "тұңғыш"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnyj",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "нача́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pérvyj",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "пе́рвый"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ön"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "spatially first",
"word": "ilk"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"initial"
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl/3 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "initialism"
},
{
"word": "initial teaching alphabet"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "initial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French initial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initiālis",
"t": "of the beginning, incipient, initial"
},
"expansion": "initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "a going in, entrance, beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inire",
"t": "to go in, enter upon, begin"
},
"expansion": "inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ire",
"t": "to go"
},
"expansion": "ire (“to go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French initial or directly from its Latin etymon initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”), from initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”), from inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”), from in (“in”) + ire (“to go”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "initial (plural initials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "monogram"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The first letter of a word or a name."
],
"links": [
[
"letter",
"letter"
],
[
"word",
"word"
],
[
"name",
"name"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "You can get your initials printed at the top."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In plural, the first letter of each word of a person's full name considered as a unit."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"unit",
"unit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Calligraphy",
"en:Typography"
],
"glosses": [
"A distinguished initial letter of a chapter or section of a document."
],
"links": [
[
"typography",
"typography"
],
[
"calligraphy",
"calligraphy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(typography, calligraphy) A distinguished initial letter of a chapter or section of a document."
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"calligraphy",
"communications",
"journalism",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"typography",
"writing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology."
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"syllable",
"syllable"
],
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonology) onset, part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus in phonetics and phonology."
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"topics": [
"typography",
"publishing",
"media",
"calligraphy",
"arts",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "drop cap"
},
{
"topics": [
"typography",
"publishing",
"media",
"calligraphy",
"arts",
"writing",
"journalism",
"literature",
"communications",
"publishing",
"media"
],
"word": "versal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḥarf ʔawwaliyy",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "حَرْف أَوَّلِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "skzbnataṙ",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "սկզբնատառ"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "baş xəref",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "баш хәреф"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalna bukva",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "начална буква"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǒuzìmǔ",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "首字母"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "beginletter"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "initiaal"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"note": "for first names only",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "voorletter"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "ĉeflitero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "alkukirjain"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettrine"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "première lettre"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Anfangsbuchstabe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiale"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "archikó grámma",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αρχικό γράμμα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "kezdőbetű"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "upphafsstafur"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "túslitir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceannlitir"
},
{
"alt": "かしらもじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kashiramoji",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "頭文字"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dumunja",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "두문자"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "načálʹnaja búkva",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "нача́льная бу́ква"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "иницѝја̄л"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "inicìjāl"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "initial"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "initialbokstav"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begynnelsebokstav"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"word": "başlak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počatkóva lítera",
"sense": "first letter of a word",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "початко́ва лі́тера"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "inicial",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инициал"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "inicials"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "inicialo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "inicialoj"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "ĉeflitero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "nimikirjaimet"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iniciais"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiale"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "monografí",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μονογραφή"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "monogram"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fangamark"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "upphafsstafir"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "inisharu",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "イニシャル"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inicijál",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "иниција́л"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "inisial"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciál",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инициа́л"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "iniciales"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "initial"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "monogram"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"word": "başlak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "başlaklar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "iniciál",
"sense": "first letters of a person's name as a unit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ініціа́л"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "caplletra"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shǒuzì fàngdà",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "首字放大"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciála"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "ĉeflitero"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "anfangi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lettrine"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiale"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Initial"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protógramma",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πρωτόγραμμα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protógramma",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "πρωτόγραμμα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "iniciálé"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "túslitir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ceannlitir"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "iniseal"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "inisharu",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "イニシャル"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "inicijál",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "иниција́л"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "inicjał"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "búkvica",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бу́квица"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciál",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "инициа́л"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "anfang"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "calligraphy: distinguished initial letter",
"word": "başlak"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "obertura"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "聲母"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngmǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "声母"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "聲紐"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shēngniǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "声纽"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "音紐"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yīnniǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "音纽"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "紐"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "niǔ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "纽"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "aloke"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"alt": "せいぼ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "seibo",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "声母"
},
{
"alt": "聲母",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "seongmo",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "성모"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "choseong",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "초성"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "cheotsori",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "첫소리"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciálʹ",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициа́ль"
},
{
"alt": "聲母",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "first part of a syllable (onset)",
"word": "thanh mẫu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"initial"
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ey-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of Estonian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃəl/3 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁ey-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "initial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French initial",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initiālis",
"t": "of the beginning, incipient, initial"
},
"expansion": "initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "a going in, entrance, beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "inire",
"t": "to go in, enter upon, begin"
},
"expansion": "inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "in",
"t": "in"
},
"expansion": "in (“in”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ire",
"t": "to go"
},
"expansion": "ire (“to go”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French initial or directly from its Latin etymon initiālis (“of the beginning, incipient, initial”), from initium (“a going in, entrance, beginning”), from inire (“to go in, enter upon, begin”), from in (“in”) + ire (“to go”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initials",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "initialing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "initialling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "initialled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "initialled",
"pres_ptc2": "initialling"
},
"expansion": "initial (third-person singular simple present initials, present participle initialing or initialling, simple past and past participle initialed or initialled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "init"
},
{
"word": "initialize"
},
{
"word": "initiate"
},
{
"word": "initiation"
},
{
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"word": "middle"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Please initial each page and sign the contract in full at the bottom.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sign one's initial(s), as an abbreviated signature."
],
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"signature",
"signature"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To sign one's initial(s), as an abbreviated signature."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃəl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg/En-us-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/En-us-initial.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "草簽"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cǎoqiān",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "草签"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "paraferen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "vahvistaa nimikirjaimilla"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafoida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parapher"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "paraphrasieren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "abzeichnen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "monografó",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "μονογραφώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "kézjeggyel ellát"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "initials or full name",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "szignál"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "rubricar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "parafírovatʹ",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "парафи́ровать"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafe etmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "parafelemek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to sign one's initial(s)",
"word": "paraflamak"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"initial"
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "initiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin initiālis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "initium",
"t": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin initiālis, from initium (“beginning”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "initiaux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "initial (feminine initiale, masculine plural initiaux, feminine plural initiales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "initiale"
},
{
"word": "initialement"
},
{
"word": "initialiser"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 3-syllable words",
"French adjectives",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:French/al"
],
"glosses": [
"initial"
],
"links": [
[
"initial",
"#Adjective"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i.ni.sjal/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-initial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-initial.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "initialer",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"predicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initial",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"strong",
"without-article"
]
},
{
"form": "der initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"includes-article",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "des initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "der initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "dem initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "den initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "das initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "die initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"includes-article",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "ein initialer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "eines initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eines initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keiner initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einem initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einer initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "einem initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keinen initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "einen initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eine initiale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ein initiales",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "keine initialen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"includes-article",
"indefinite",
"mixed",
"negative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "initial (strong nominative masculine singular initialer, not comparable)",
"name": "de-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "de-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German 3-syllable words",
"German adjectives",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"German terms with audio links",
"German uncomparable adjectives"
],
"glosses": [
"initial, incipient"
],
"links": [
[
"initial",
"#English"
],
[
"incipient",
"incipient"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iniˈt͡sɪ̯aːl/"
},
{
"audio": "De-initial.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/06/De-initial.ogg/De-initial.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/De-initial.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "initiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin initiālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin initiālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initialen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialer",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "initialene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"an initial (first letter of a name)"
],
"links": [
[
"initial",
"initial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:initial"
]
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "la",
"3": "initiālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin initiālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin initiālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initialen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "initialar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "initialane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"an initial (first letter of a name)"
],
"links": [
[
"initial",
"initial#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "initial"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.