See initiative on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for initiative meaning in All languages combined (23.4kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "noninitiative"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "initiative"
},
"expansion": "French initiative",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*initiativus",
"4": "",
"5": "serving to initiate"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "initiare",
"4": "",
"5": "to begin, Latin initiate"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "initium",
"4": "",
"5": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "Latin initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ineo",
"3": "",
"4": "enter, begin"
},
"expansion": "ineo (“enter, begin”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French initiative, from Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "initiative (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory; introductory; preliminary."
],
"id": "en-initiative-en-adj-zKkQxSQ-",
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalen",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "начален"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vstǎpitelen",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "встъпителен"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozém",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "יוזם"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hatkhalatí",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "התחלתי"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "iniziale"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "preliminare"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "iniciativo"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "iniciador"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "inicijativno"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 2008, John G. Matsusaka, \"Direct Democracy and the Executive Branch\", in, 2008, Shaun Bowler and Amihai Glazer, editors, Direct Democracy's Impact on American Political Institutions, Palgrave Macmillan, page 122 http://books.google.com/books?id=J6swcucKdNIC&pg=PA122&dq=initiative",
"text": "The second row shows that initiative states fill more constitutional offices by election than noninitiative states, and the difference is statistically significant after controlling for region and population."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In which voter initiatives can be brought to the ballot."
],
"id": "en-initiative-en-adj-LTnThQoC",
"links": [
[
"voter",
"voter"
],
[
"initiative",
"#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃətɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initiative.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg/En-us-initiative.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "initiative"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "direct initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "mixed initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "popular initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "seize the initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "take the initiative"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "initiative"
},
"expansion": "French initiative",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*initiativus",
"4": "",
"5": "serving to initiate"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "initiare",
"4": "",
"5": "to begin, Latin initiate"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "initium",
"4": "",
"5": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "Latin initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ineo",
"3": "",
"4": "enter, begin"
},
"expansion": "ineo (“enter, begin”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French initiative, from Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiatives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "initiative (countable and uncountable, plural initiatives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initialism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initialization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initialize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initiate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "initiation"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A beginning; a first move."
],
"id": "en-initiative-en-noun-~A2Wu~jz",
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubādara",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَادَرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "naxajeṙnutʻyun",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "նախաձեռնություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "təşəbbüs"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "başlanğıs",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "башланғыс"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "inicyjatýva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ініцыяты́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačýn",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пачы́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalo",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "начало"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "initiativ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "initiatief"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "aloite"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protovoulía",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοβουλία"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozmá",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "יוזמה"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pahal",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "पहल"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "kezdeményezés"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "inisiatif"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "prakarsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniziativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bastama",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "бастама"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "udyamaṁ",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "ഉദ്യമം"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuṭakkaṁ",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "തുടക്കം"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "initiativ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicjatywa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inițiativă"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "počín",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "почи́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicijatíva"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciatíva"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "initiativ"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "ilk adım"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "iniciatýva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ініціати́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počýn",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "почи́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 1 2 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "initsyativ",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "איניציאַטיוו"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem."
],
"id": "en-initiative-en-noun-DgVCJ02d",
"links": [
[
"development",
"development"
],
[
"approach",
"approach"
],
[
"problem",
"problem"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubādara",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَادَرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "başlanğıs",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "башланғыс"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načinanie",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "начинание"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "aloite"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protovoulía",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοβουλία"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozmá",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "יוזמה"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "inisiatif"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "prakarsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "udyamaṁ",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "ഉദ്യമം"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicijatíva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "girişim"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "teşebbüs"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 3 3",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "initsyativ",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "איניציאַטיוו"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 20 3 18 26 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The ability to act first or on one's own."
],
"id": "en-initiative-en-noun-wyqCTjfb",
"links": [
[
"ability",
"ability"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubādara",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَادَرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpriemčivost",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "предприемчивост"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "主動權"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǔdòngquán",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "主动权"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "aloitekyky"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "aloitteellisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "oma-aloitteisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiative"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protovoulía",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοβουλία"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozmá",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "יוזמה"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "kezdeményezőkészség"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "kezdeményezőképesség"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "vállalkozószellem"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "inisiatif"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "prakarsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "intraprendenza"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inițiativă"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpriímčivostʹ",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "предприи́мчивость"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicijatíva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "inisiyatif"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 2 93 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "initsyativ",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "איניציאַטיוו"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Politics",
"orig": "en:Politics",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An issue to be voted on, brought to the ballot by a sufficient number of signatures from among the voting public."
],
"id": "en-initiative-en-noun-en:politics",
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"sufficient",
"sufficient"
],
[
"public",
"public"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics) An issue to be voted on, brought to the ballot by a sufficient number of signatures from among the voting public."
],
"senseid": [
"en:politics"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iniciativa",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициатива"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"word": "aloite"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"word": "ehdotus"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"word": "esitys"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "משאל עם ביוזמת האזרחים"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 7 16 75",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniziativa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃətɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initiative.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg/En-us-initiative.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "initiative"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "",
"4": "*initiativus",
"5": "serving to initiate"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "initiare",
"4": "",
"5": "to begin, Latin initiate"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "initium",
"4": "",
"5": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "Latin initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ineo",
"3": "",
"4": "enter, begin"
},
"expansion": "ineo (“enter, begin”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiatives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "initiative f (plural initiatives)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "syndicat d’initiative"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to take the initiative",
"text": "prendre l’initiative",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to show initiative",
"text": "faire preuve d’initiative",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"initiative"
],
"id": "en-initiative-fr-noun-Bj~kvzYz",
"links": [
[
"initiative",
"initiative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i.ni.sja.tiv/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-initiative.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "initiative"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "noninitiative"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃətɪv",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃətɪv/4 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "initiative"
},
"expansion": "French initiative",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*initiativus",
"4": "",
"5": "serving to initiate"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "initiare",
"4": "",
"5": "to begin, Latin initiate"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "initium",
"4": "",
"5": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "Latin initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ineo",
"3": "",
"4": "enter, begin"
},
"expansion": "ineo (“enter, begin”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French initiative, from Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "initiative (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Serving to initiate; inceptive; initiatory; introductory; preliminary."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 2008, John G. Matsusaka, \"Direct Democracy and the Executive Branch\", in, 2008, Shaun Bowler and Amihai Glazer, editors, Direct Democracy's Impact on American Political Institutions, Palgrave Macmillan, page 122 http://books.google.com/books?id=J6swcucKdNIC&pg=PA122&dq=initiative",
"text": "The second row shows that initiative states fill more constitutional offices by election than noninitiative states, and the difference is statistically significant after controlling for region and population."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In which voter initiatives can be brought to the ballot."
],
"links": [
[
"voter",
"voter"
],
[
"initiative",
"#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃətɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initiative.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg/En-us-initiative.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalen",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "начален"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vstǎpitelen",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "встъпителен"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozém",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "יוזם"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hatkhalatí",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "התחלתי"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "iniziale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "preliminare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "iniciativo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "iniciador"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "serving to initiate",
"word": "inicijativno"
}
],
"word": "initiative"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃətɪv",
"Rhymes:English/ɪʃətɪv/4 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "direct initiative"
},
{
"word": "mixed initiative"
},
{
"word": "popular initiative"
},
{
"word": "seize the initiative"
},
{
"word": "take the initiative"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "initiative"
},
"expansion": "French initiative",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*initiativus",
"4": "",
"5": "serving to initiate"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "initiare",
"4": "",
"5": "to begin, Latin initiate"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "initium",
"4": "",
"5": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "Latin initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ineo",
"3": "",
"4": "enter, begin"
},
"expansion": "ineo (“enter, begin”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French initiative, from Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiatives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "initiative (countable and uncountable, plural initiatives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "initial"
},
{
"word": "initialism"
},
{
"word": "initialization"
},
{
"word": "initialize"
},
{
"word": "initiate"
},
{
"word": "initiation"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A beginning; a first move."
],
"links": [
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem."
],
"links": [
[
"development",
"development"
],
[
"approach",
"approach"
],
[
"problem",
"problem"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The ability to act first or on one's own."
],
"links": [
[
"ability",
"ability"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Politics"
],
"glosses": [
"An issue to be voted on, brought to the ballot by a sufficient number of signatures from among the voting public."
],
"links": [
[
"politics",
"politics"
],
[
"vote",
"vote"
],
[
"sufficient",
"sufficient"
],
[
"public",
"public"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(politics) An issue to be voted on, brought to the ballot by a sufficient number of signatures from among the voting public."
],
"senseid": [
"en:politics"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪʃətɪv"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-initiative.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg/En-us-initiative.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/En-us-initiative.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubādara",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَادَرَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "naxajeṙnutʻyun",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "նախաձեռնություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "təşəbbüs"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "başlanğıs",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "башланғыс"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "inicyjatýva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ініцыяты́ва"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pačýn",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пачы́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načalo",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "начало"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "initiativ"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "initiatief"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "aloite"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiative"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protovoulía",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοβουλία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozmá",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "יוזמה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "pahal",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "पहल"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "kezdeményezés"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "inisiatif"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "prakarsa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniziativa"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "bastama",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "бастама"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "udyamaṁ",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "ഉദ്യമം"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "tuṭakkaṁ",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "തുടക്കം"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "initiativ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicjatywa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inițiativă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "počín",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "почи́н"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicijatíva"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciatíva"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "initiativ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"word": "ilk adım"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "iniciatýva",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ініціати́ва"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "počýn",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "почи́н"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "initsyativ",
"sense": "a beginning; a first move",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "איניציאַטיוו"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubādara",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَادَرَة"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "başlanğıs",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "башланғыс"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "načinanie",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "начинание"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "aloite"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiative"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protovoulía",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοβουλία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozmá",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "יוזמה"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "inisiatif"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "prakarsa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposta"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "udyamaṁ",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "ഉദ്യമം"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicijatíva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "girişim"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"word": "teşebbüs"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "initsyativ",
"sense": "a new development; a fresh approach to something; a new way of dealing with a problem",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "איניציאַטיוו"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mubādara",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مُبَادَرَة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpriemčivost",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "предприемчивост"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "主動權"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǔdòngquán",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "主动权"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "aloitekyky"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "aloitteellisuus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "oma-aloitteisuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "initiative"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Initiative"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "protovoulía",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πρωτοβουλία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "yozmá",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "יוזמה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "kezdeményezőkészség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "kezdeményezőképesség"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "vállalkozószellem"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "inisiatif"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "prakarsa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "intraprendenza"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inițiativă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "iniciatíva",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициати́ва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpriímčivostʹ",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "предприи́мчивость"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "inicijatíva"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"word": "inisiyatif"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "initsyativ",
"sense": "the ability to act first or on one's own",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "איניציאַטיוו"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iniciativa",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "инициатива"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniciativa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"word": "aloite"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"word": "ehdotus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"word": "esitys"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "משאל עם ביוזמת האזרחים"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "issue to be voted on",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "iniziativa"
}
],
"word": "initiative"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "syndicat d’initiative"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "",
"4": "*initiativus",
"5": "serving to initiate"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "initiare",
"4": "",
"5": "to begin, Latin initiate"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "initium",
"4": "",
"5": "beginning"
},
"expansion": "Latin initium (“beginning”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ineo",
"3": "",
"4": "enter, begin"
},
"expansion": "ineo (“enter, begin”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Medieval Latin *initiativus (“serving to initiate”), from Late Latin initiare (“to begin, Latin initiate”), from Latin initium (“beginning”), from ineo (“enter, begin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "initiatives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "initiative f (plural initiatives)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 4-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Late Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links",
"French terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to take the initiative",
"text": "prendre l’initiative",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to show initiative",
"text": "faire preuve d’initiative",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"initiative"
],
"links": [
[
"initiative",
"initiative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/i.ni.sja.tiv/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DSwissK-initiative.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-DSwissK-initiative.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "initiative"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.