See duke on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for duke meaning in All languages combined (37.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "archduke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Duke blue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duke cherry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dukedom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Duke of Norfolk's Island"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Duke of York's Island"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Dukes County"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dukicide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grand duke"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grand dukedom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "put up one's dukes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duke it out"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "duc"
},
"expansion": "Old French duc",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "duk"
},
"expansion": "Middle English duk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "duke"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "dux, ducis"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux, ducis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "heretoga"
},
"expansion": "Old English heretoga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "duc"
},
"expansion": "duc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dux",
"3": "doge"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dux and doge",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fork",
"3": "Fork"
},
"expansion": "Fork",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French duc, through Middle English duk, duke, from Latin dux, ducis. Displaced native Old English heretoga. Was present as duc in late Old English, from the same Latin source. Doublet of dux and doge.\nThe “fist” sense is thought to be Cockney rhyming slang where “Duke(s) of York” = fork. Fork is itself Cockney slang for hand, and thus fist.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dukes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "duke (plural dukes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ducal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duchess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duchy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grand duchy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 1 1 3 35 5 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 1 3 3 24 4 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 0 26 30 5 1 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "en:Male people",
"parents": [
"Male",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The male ruler of a duchy (female equivalent: duchess)."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-noun-tQT9~YBh",
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"duchy",
"duchy"
],
[
"duchess",
"duchess#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hertog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dūq",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "دُوق"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "dukʻs",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "դուքս"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hersoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "knyaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hjércah",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́рцаг"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "knjazʹ",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "князь"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hércog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хе́рцог"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "duk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дук"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngjué",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "公爵"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vévoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ducat"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duko"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hertsog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "herttua"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "frm",
"lang": "Middle French",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "hercogi",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ჰერცოგი ერისთავი"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Herzog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "doúkas",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δούκας"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "doúx",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"Byzantine"
],
"word": "δούξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dukás",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "דוכס"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śāsak",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "शासक"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "herceg"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "adipati"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duca"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"alt": "こうしゃく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōshaku",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "公爵"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "km",
"english": "chav pnyie",
"lang": "Khmer",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ចៅពញា"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "neak ok nha",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "អ្នកឧកញ៉ា"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"alt": "公爵",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongjak",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "공작"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gercogs"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"Medieval",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dux"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hercogs"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "li",
"lang": "Limburgish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hertog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hercogas"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vojvoda",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "војвода"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "gung",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ᡤᡠᠩ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duic"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "tiuka"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ḍyūk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ड्यूक"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "gün",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "гүн"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ealdorman"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eorl"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heretoga"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "pro",
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "duka",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "دوقه"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ډیوک"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "duk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "دوک"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "książę"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duce"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gércog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́рцог"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "knjazʹ",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "князь"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "војвода"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wójwoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hertig"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dúk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ดุ๊ก"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dà-yúk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ดยุก"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duka"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "gersog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hércoh",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́рцог"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "knjazʹ",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "князь"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "gersog"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "công tước 公爵"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hidük"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jidük"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hartoch"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 0 27 3 2 0",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "hertsog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הערצאָג"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The sovereign of a small state."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-noun-AJBBlNX3",
"links": [
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A high title of nobility; the male holder of a dukedom."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-noun--Ih7pRX4",
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"title",
"title"
],
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"holder",
"holder"
],
[
"dukedom",
"dukedom"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "doúx",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δούξ"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "hersoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "knyaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hercog",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "херцог"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "duk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дук"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vévoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "herttua"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "doúkas",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δούκας"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "herceg"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "adipati"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hercogs"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hercogas"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vojvoda",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "војвода"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "tiuka"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ḍyūk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "ड्यूक"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ealdorman"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eorl"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heretoga"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "książę"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duce"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dúk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "ดุ๊ก"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dà-yúk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "ดยุก"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hidük"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jidük"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"_dis1": "27 0 72 1 0 0",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "hertsog",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הערצאָג"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 1 27 43 4 1 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "en:Nobility",
"parents": [
"High society",
"People",
"Society",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A grand duke."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-noun-3vgBpcu8",
"links": [
[
"grand duke",
"grand duke"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "velik hercog",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "велик херцог"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "velkovévoda"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"Europe",
"German",
"Luxembourg",
"Western",
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"states",
"region",
"location"
],
"word": "storhertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "da",
"english": "Moscow and tsarist Finland",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"Lithuania",
"common-gender"
],
"word": "storfyrste"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "suurherttua"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großherzog"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "de",
"english": "Switzerland and Liechtenstein",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grossherzog"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mégas doúkas",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μέγας δούκας"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-diúc"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lielhercogs"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erchercogs"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Herzog"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "golem vojvoda",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "голем војвода"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-duic"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storhertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storhertug"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grão-duque"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dúk",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "ดุ๊ก"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dà-yúk",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "ดยุก"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "ledük"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hiledük"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 0 7 87 0 1",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jiledük"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 2 2 4 51 6 6 5",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Limenitidine butterflies",
"orig": "en:Limenitidine butterflies",
"parents": [
"Nymphalid butterflies",
"Butterflies",
"Insects",
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the Asian genera Bassarona and Dophla."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-noun-rOZ9UrR5",
"links": [
[
"nymphalid",
"nymphalid"
],
[
"genera",
"genus"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Put up your dukes!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Penguin Books (2014), page 438",
"text": "Your friend sure knows how to use his dukes. Biff, bang! One, two, and the copʼs on his ass!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1963, J P Donleavy, A Singular Man, published 1963 (USA), page 19",
"text": "\"How did the sport go.\"\n\"O sparred a few rounds. Let the instructor have a few on the button.\"\n\"You must be tough.\"\n\"I can handle my dukes.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fist."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-noun-Y0-nQcdE",
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, usually in the plural) A fist."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally",
"slang"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 0 1 1 96",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jumruk",
"sense": "slang: fist",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "юмрук"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 0 1 1 96",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "màt",
"sense": "slang: fist",
"word": "หมัด"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/djuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʒuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d(j)uːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːk"
},
{
"homophone": "juke (with yod coalescence)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg/En-uk-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg/En-us-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "duke it out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "duke in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "duke it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "duke out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "duke up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "duc"
},
"expansion": "Old French duc",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "duk"
},
"expansion": "Middle English duk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "duke"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "dux, ducis"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux, ducis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "heretoga"
},
"expansion": "Old English heretoga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "duc"
},
"expansion": "duc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dux",
"3": "doge"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dux and doge",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fork",
"3": "Fork"
},
"expansion": "Fork",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French duc, through Middle English duk, duke, from Latin dux, ducis. Displaced native Old English heretoga. Was present as duc in late Old English, from the same Latin source. Doublet of dux and doge.\nThe “fist” sense is thought to be Cockney rhyming slang where “Duke(s) of York” = fork. Fork is itself Cockney slang for hand, and thus fist.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dukes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "duked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "duke (third-person singular simple present dukes, present participle duking, simple past and past participle duked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, John A. Dinan, Private Eyes in the Comics, page 65",
"text": "It seems that PI Rainer was duked by his wife […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hit or beat with the fists."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-verb-3g6CJ2lA",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, informal) To hit or beat with the fists."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I duked him twenty dollars.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give cash to; to give a tip to."
],
"id": "en-duke-en-verb-MSsfmTAw",
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"cash",
"cash"
],
[
"tip",
"tip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, transitive) To give cash to; to give a tip to."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tip"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/djuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʒuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d(j)uːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːk"
},
{
"homophone": "juke (with yod coalescence)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg/En-uk-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg/En-us-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ntuke"
},
"expansion": "ntuke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tu"
},
"expansion": "tu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tue"
},
"expansion": "tue",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from older ntuke from tu\nAlso used as tue in Gheg.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Albanian particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(while) singing, by singing",
"text": "duke kënduar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle which precedes a participle to form a gerundive adverbial phrase."
],
"id": "en-duke-sq-particle-2hMpR7Ab",
"links": [
[
"participle",
"participle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdukɛ]"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧ke"
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Basque",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Third-person singular (hark), taking third-person singular (hura) as direct object, future indicative form of izan."
],
"id": "en-duke-eu-verb-HI~2QuCI",
"links": [
[
"hark",
"hark#Basque"
],
[
"hura",
"hura#Basque"
],
[
"izan",
"izan#Basque"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern or archaic) Third-person singular (hark), taking third-person singular (hura) as direct object, future indicative form of izan."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duke/"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪u.ke]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uke"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish duque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish duque",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish duque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dúke",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "noun",
"head": "dúke"
},
"expansion": "dúke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧ke"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"duke"
],
"id": "en-duke-bcl-noun-9oBEYPUJ",
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dukesa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduke/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪u.ke]"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "duke",
"word": "duk"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of duk (“duke”)"
],
"id": "en-duke-enm-noun-akdFr8UV",
"links": [
[
"duk",
"duk#Middle_English:_duke"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dukes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dukin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dukit",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dukit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "dukit",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "dukes",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "dukin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "dukit",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "duke (third-person singular simple present dukes, present participle dukin, simple past dukit, past participle dukit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dukes",
"2": "dukin",
"3": "dukit",
"4": "dukit"
},
"expansion": "duke (third-person singular simple present dukes, present participle dukin, simple past dukit, past participle dukit)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut into a queue, without permission."
],
"id": "en-duke-sco-verb-~fVFPcQD",
"links": [
[
"cut in",
"cut in"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To cut into a queue, without permission."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Oi, dinnae duke us!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut into a queue in front of someone."
],
"id": "en-duke-sco-verb-O5ObWg3n",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cut into a queue in front of someone."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque",
"4": "",
"5": "duke",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish duque (“duke”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque",
"4": "",
"5": "duke"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish duque (“duke”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "duc"
},
"expansion": "Old French duc",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish duque (“duke”), from Old French duc, from Latin dux.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜇᜓᜃᜒ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "duke (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃᜒ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧ke"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"duke"
],
"id": "en-duke-tl-noun-9oBEYPUJ",
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "artsidukado"
},
{
"word": "artsiduke"
},
{
"word": "artsidukesa"
},
{
"word": "dukado"
},
{
"word": "dukesa"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduke/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.xɛ]"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "ntuke"
},
"expansion": "ntuke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tu"
},
"expansion": "tu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tue"
},
"expansion": "tue",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "from older ntuke from tu\nAlso used as tue in Gheg.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "particle"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Albanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Albanian lemmas",
"Albanian particles",
"Albanian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(while) singing, by singing",
"text": "duke kënduar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A particle which precedes a participle to form a gerundive adverbial phrase."
],
"links": [
[
"participle",
"participle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdukɛ]"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧ke"
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"Basque non-lemma forms",
"Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Basque terms with archaic senses",
"Basque verb forms",
"Northern Basque",
"Rhymes:Basque/uke",
"Rhymes:Basque/uke/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"Third-person singular (hark), taking third-person singular (hura) as direct object, future indicative form of izan."
],
"links": [
[
"hark",
"hark#Basque"
],
[
"hura",
"hura#Basque"
],
[
"izan",
"izan#Basque"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Northern or archaic) Third-person singular (hark), taking third-person singular (hura) as direct object, future indicative form of izan."
],
"tags": [
"Northern",
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/duke/"
},
{
"ipa": "[d̪u.ke]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uke"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish duque",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish duque",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish duque.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dúke",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bcl",
"2": "noun",
"head": "dúke"
},
"expansion": "dúke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧ke"
],
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"lang_code": "bcl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dukesa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bikol Central entries with incorrect language header",
"Bikol Central lemmas",
"Bikol Central nouns",
"Bikol Central terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Bikol Central terms derived from Spanish",
"Bikol Central terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"duke"
],
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduke/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈd̪u.ke]"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English male equivalent nouns",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Breton translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːk",
"Rhymes:English/uːk/1 syllable",
"en:Limenitidine butterflies",
"en:Male people",
"en:Nobility"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "archduke"
},
{
"word": "Duke blue"
},
{
"word": "duke cherry"
},
{
"word": "dukedom"
},
{
"word": "duke it out"
},
{
"word": "Duke of Norfolk's Island"
},
{
"word": "Duke of York's Island"
},
{
"word": "Dukes County"
},
{
"word": "dukicide"
},
{
"word": "grand duke"
},
{
"word": "grand dukedom"
},
{
"word": "put up one's dukes"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "duc"
},
"expansion": "Old French duc",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "duk"
},
"expansion": "Middle English duk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "duke"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "dux, ducis"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux, ducis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "heretoga"
},
"expansion": "Old English heretoga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "duc"
},
"expansion": "duc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dux",
"3": "doge"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dux and doge",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fork",
"3": "Fork"
},
"expansion": "Fork",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French duc, through Middle English duk, duke, from Latin dux, ducis. Displaced native Old English heretoga. Was present as duc in late Old English, from the same Latin source. Doublet of dux and doge.\nThe “fist” sense is thought to be Cockney rhyming slang where “Duke(s) of York” = fork. Fork is itself Cockney slang for hand, and thus fist.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dukes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "duke (plural dukes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ducal"
},
{
"word": "duchess"
},
{
"word": "duchy"
},
{
"word": "grand duchy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The male ruler of a duchy (female equivalent: duchess)."
],
"links": [
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"duchy",
"duchy"
],
[
"duchess",
"duchess#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The sovereign of a small state."
],
"links": [
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A high title of nobility; the male holder of a dukedom."
],
"links": [
[
"high",
"high"
],
[
"title",
"title"
],
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
],
[
"male",
"male"
],
[
"holder",
"holder"
],
[
"dukedom",
"dukedom"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A grand duke."
],
"links": [
[
"grand duke",
"grand duke"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the Asian genera Bassarona and Dophla."
],
"links": [
[
"nymphalid",
"nymphalid"
],
[
"genera",
"genus"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Put up your dukes!",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Penguin Books (2014), page 438",
"text": "Your friend sure knows how to use his dukes. Biff, bang! One, two, and the copʼs on his ass!",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1963, J P Donleavy, A Singular Man, published 1963 (USA), page 19",
"text": "\"How did the sport go.\"\n\"O sparred a few rounds. Let the instructor have a few on the button.\"\n\"You must be tough.\"\n\"I can handle my dukes.\"",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fist."
],
"links": [
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, usually in the plural) A fist."
],
"tags": [
"plural-normally",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/djuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʒuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d(j)uːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːk"
},
{
"homophone": "juke (with yod coalescence)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg/En-uk-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg/En-us-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hertog"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "dūq",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "دُوق"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "dukʻs",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "դուքս"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hersoq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "knyaz"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hjércah",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́рцаг"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "knjazʹ",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "князь"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hércog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "хе́рцог"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "duk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дук"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngjué",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "公爵"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vévoda"
},
{
"code": "dlm",
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ducat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertog"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duko"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hertsog"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "herttua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "frm",
"lang": "Middle French",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "hercogi",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ჰერცოგი ერისთავი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Herzog"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "doúkas",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δούκας"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "doúx",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"Byzantine"
],
"word": "δούξ"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "dukás",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "דוכס"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "śāsak",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "शासक"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "herceg"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "adipati"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duca"
},
{
"alt": "こうしゃく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōshaku",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "公爵"
},
{
"code": "km",
"english": "chav pnyie",
"lang": "Khmer",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ចៅពញា"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "neak ok nha",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "អ្នកឧកញ៉ា"
},
{
"alt": "公爵",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongjak",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "공작"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gercogs"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"Medieval",
"masculine"
],
"word": "dux"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hercogs"
},
{
"code": "li",
"lang": "Limburgish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "hertog"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hercogas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vojvoda",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "војвода"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "gung",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ᡤᡠᠩ"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duic"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "tiuka"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ḍyūk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ड्यूक"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "gün",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "гүн"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ealdorman"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eorl"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heretoga"
},
{
"code": "pro",
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "duka",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "دوقه"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ډیوک"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "duk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "دوک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "książę"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duce"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gércog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́рцог"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "knjazʹ",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "князь"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "војвода"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "wójwoda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hertig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dúk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ดุ๊ก"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dà-yúk",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "ดยุก"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "duka"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "gersog"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hércoh",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ге́рцог"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "knjazʹ",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "князь"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "gersog"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "công tước 公爵"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hidük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jidük"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hartoch"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "hertsog",
"sense": "male ruler of a duchy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הערצאָג"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "doúx",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δούξ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "hersoq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "knyaz"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hercog",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "херцог"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "duk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дук"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vévoda"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "herttua"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "doúkas",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "δούκας"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "duke"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "herceg"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertogi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "adipati"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diúc"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hercogs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hercogas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vojvoda",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "војвода"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "tiuka"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "ḍyūk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "ड्यूक"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duc"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hertug"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ealdorman"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eorl"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "heretoga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "książę"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duce"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diùc"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vojvoda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duque"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dúk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "ดุ๊ก"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dà-yúk",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "ดยุก"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"word": "dük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hidük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jidük"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "duk"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "hertsog",
"sense": "male holder of a dukedom",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "הערצאָג"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "velik hercog",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "велик херцог"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "velkovévoda"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"Europe",
"German",
"Luxembourg",
"Western",
"common-gender"
],
"topics": [
"states",
"region",
"location"
],
"word": "storhertug"
},
{
"code": "da",
"english": "Moscow and tsarist Finland",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"Lithuania",
"common-gender"
],
"word": "storfyrste"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "suurherttua"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Großherzog"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "Switzerland and Liechtenstein",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Grossherzog"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mégas doúkas",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μέγας δούκας"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-diúc"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lielhercogs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "erchercogs"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Herzog"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "golem vojvoda",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "голем војвода"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ard-duic"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storhertug"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storhertug"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grão-duque"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dúk",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "ดุ๊ก"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dà-yúk",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "ดยุก"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grand duke",
"word": "ledük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hiledük"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "grand duke",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jiledük"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jumruk",
"sense": "slang: fist",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "юмрук"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "màt",
"sense": "slang: fist",
"word": "หมัด"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English male equivalent nouns",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Breton translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Lithuanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːk",
"Rhymes:English/uːk/1 syllable",
"en:Limenitidine butterflies",
"en:Male people",
"en:Nobility"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "duke in"
},
{
"word": "duke it"
},
{
"word": "duke it out"
},
{
"word": "duke out"
},
{
"word": "duke up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "duc"
},
"expansion": "Old French duc",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "duk"
},
"expansion": "Middle English duk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "duke"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux",
"4": "dux, ducis"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux, ducis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "heretoga"
},
"expansion": "Old English heretoga",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "duc"
},
"expansion": "duc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dux",
"3": "doge"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of dux and doge",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fork",
"3": "Fork"
},
"expansion": "Fork",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French duc, through Middle English duk, duke, from Latin dux, ducis. Displaced native Old English heretoga. Was present as duc in late Old English, from the same Latin source. Doublet of dux and doge.\nThe “fist” sense is thought to be Cockney rhyming slang where “Duke(s) of York” = fork. Fork is itself Cockney slang for hand, and thus fist.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dukes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "duking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "duked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "duke (third-person singular simple present dukes, present participle duking, simple past and past participle duked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, John A. Dinan, Private Eyes in the Comics, page 65",
"text": "It seems that PI Rainer was duked by his wife […].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hit or beat with the fists."
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"beat",
"beat"
],
[
"fist",
"fist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, informal) To hit or beat with the fists."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I duked him twenty dollars.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give cash to; to give a tip to."
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
],
[
"cash",
"cash"
],
[
"tip",
"tip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, transitive) To give cash to; to give a tip to."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tip"
}
],
"tags": [
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/djuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dʒuːk/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/d(j)uːk/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːk"
},
{
"homophone": "juke (with yod coalescence)"
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg/En-uk-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-uk-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-duke.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg/En-us-duke.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/En-us-duke.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "duke",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "duke",
"word": "duk"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of duk (“duke”)"
],
"links": [
[
"duk",
"duk#Middle_English:_duke"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots verbs"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "dukes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dukin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dukit",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dukit",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "dukit",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "dukes",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "dukin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "dukit",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "duke (third-person singular simple present dukes, present participle dukin, simple past dukit, past participle dukit)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dukes",
"2": "dukin",
"3": "dukit",
"4": "dukit"
},
"expansion": "duke (third-person singular simple present dukes, present participle dukin, simple past dukit, past participle dukit)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Scots intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To cut into a queue, without permission."
],
"links": [
[
"cut in",
"cut in"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To cut into a queue, without permission."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for translations of Scots usage examples",
"Scots terms with usage examples",
"Scots transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Oi, dinnae duke us!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut into a queue in front of someone."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cut into a queue in front of someone."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque",
"4": "",
"5": "duke",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Spanish duque (“duke”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "es",
"3": "duque",
"4": "",
"5": "duke"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Spanish duque (“duke”)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "fro",
"3": "duc"
},
"expansion": "Old French duc",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tl",
"2": "la",
"3": "dux"
},
"expansion": "Latin dux",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Spanish duque (“duke”), from Old French duc, from Latin dux.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ᜇᜓᜃᜒ",
"tags": [
"Baybayin"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"b": "+"
},
"expansion": "duke (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃᜒ)",
"name": "tl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧ke"
],
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "artsidukado"
},
{
"word": "artsiduke"
},
{
"word": "artsidukesa"
},
{
"word": "dukado"
},
{
"word": "dukesa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Tagalog 2-syllable words",
"Tagalog entries with incorrect language header",
"Tagalog lemmas",
"Tagalog nouns",
"Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish",
"Tagalog terms derived from Latin",
"Tagalog terms derived from Old French",
"Tagalog terms derived from Spanish",
"Tagalog terms with Baybayin script",
"Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries"
],
"glosses": [
"duke"
],
"links": [
[
"duke",
"duke#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈduke/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈdu.xɛ]"
}
],
"word": "duke"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": eristavi vs. hercogi",
"path": [
"duke"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "duke",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.