See toil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toiler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "toilsome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "toiller",
"4": "",
"5": "to agitate, stir up, entangle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro-nor",
"2": "tooillier, tooullier",
"3": "",
"4": "to agitate, stir"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien",
"4": "",
"5": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian",
"4": "",
"5": "to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure"
},
"expansion": "Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tuylen, teulen",
"3": "",
"4": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tilōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tulyie",
"3": "",
"4": "to quarrel, flite, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tuylen, teulen",
"4": "",
"5": "to work, labour, till"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">tuil</i> (“toil; work”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "teula",
"3": "",
"4": "to labour, toil"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tuil",
"t": "toil, labour"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "telen",
"t": "to grow; raise; cultivate, till"
},
"expansion": "Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English toilen, toylen, apparently a conflation of Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”) (compare Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”); of unknown origin), and Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”), from Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”) (compare Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)), from Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”). Cognate with Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”).\nAn alternate etymology derives Middle English toilen, toylen directly from Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”), from tuyl (\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”)). Cognate with Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”), teule (“labour, work”), Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”). Compare also Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”). More at till.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "toil (countable and uncountable, plural toils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 4 24 12 8 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 2 32 13 6 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows:",
"text": "[…] he set to work again and made the snow fly in all directions around him. After some further toil his efforts were rewarded, and a very shabby door-mat lay exposed to view.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Labour, work, especially of a grueling nature."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-noun-cnCUy6H1",
"links": [
[
"Labour",
"labour"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derve"
},
{
"word": "drudgery"
},
{
"word": "swink"
},
{
"word": "sweat"
},
{
"word": "drudgery"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kadḥ",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "كَدْح"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaʔa",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شقى"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traxín"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "əmək"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "əziyyət"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "zəhmət"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "težka rabota",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "тежка работа"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepane",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "трепане"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "treball"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "辛勞 /辛劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dřina"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lopota"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gezwoeg"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "ahkerointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "uurastus"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "labeur"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mühe"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "arbaiþs",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kópos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κόπος"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "móchthos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μόχθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kópos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κόπος"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "pónos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πόνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "'amál",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עָמָל"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sclábhaíocht"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ist",
"lang": "Istriot",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fadeîga"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lavoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatica"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "labor"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "whakarīrā"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trud"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "labuta"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trud",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труд"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rabóta",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рабо́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rabota"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "deslomadura"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "slit"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stret"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 2 7",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fadiga"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Trouble, strife."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-noun-1h5ntEd8",
"links": [
[
"Trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"strife",
"strife"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎka",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мъка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "soužení"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trápení"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "vastukset"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"word": "vaiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "'amál",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עָמָל"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "disputa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tenzone"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litigio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"word": "baruffa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diverbio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bedá",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "беда́"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "góre",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "го́ре"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"_dis": "25 2 39 8 8 7 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 3 37 8 8 6 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 2 44 10 7 5 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, translated by John Dryden, Georgics:",
"text": "Then toils for beasts, and lime for birds, were found.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1823, Mary Shelley, Frankenstein:",
"text": "I was like a wild beast that had broken the toils, destroying the objects that obstructed me and ranging through the wood with a stag-like swiftness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1893, Stanley J. Weyman, “XIX. Men call it chance”, in A Gentleman of France:",
"text": "That I was going to sit still, and let you sulk, while mademoiselle walked blindfold into the toils?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "She had waited overlong, and now it was like that Ailie would escape her toils.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A net or snare; any thread, web, or string spread for taking prey."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-noun-ZUA3D95Q",
"links": [
[
"net",
"net"
],
[
"snare",
"snare"
],
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"web",
"web"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"prey",
"prey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) A net or snare; any thread, web, or string spread for taking prey."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"plural-normally",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɪəl/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-toil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg/En-us-toil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "toyle"
}
],
"word": "toil"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "toil and moil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "toiller",
"4": "",
"5": "to agitate, stir up, entangle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro-nor",
"2": "tooillier, tooullier",
"3": "",
"4": "to agitate, stir"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien",
"4": "",
"5": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian",
"4": "",
"5": "to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure"
},
"expansion": "Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tuylen, teulen",
"3": "",
"4": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tilōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tulyie",
"3": "",
"4": "to quarrel, flite, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tuylen, teulen",
"4": "",
"5": "to work, labour, till"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">tuil</i> (“toil; work”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "teula",
"3": "",
"4": "to labour, toil"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tuil",
"t": "toil, labour"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "telen",
"t": "to grow; raise; cultivate, till"
},
"expansion": "Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English toilen, toylen, apparently a conflation of Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”) (compare Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”); of unknown origin), and Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”), from Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”) (compare Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)), from Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”). Cognate with Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”).\nAn alternate etymology derives Middle English toilen, toylen directly from Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”), from tuyl (\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”)). Cognate with Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”), teule (“labour, work”), Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”). Compare also Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”). More at till.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "toiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "toiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toil (third-person singular simple present toils, present participle toiling, simple past and past participle toiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 2 32 13 6 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To labour; work."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-verb-RlS3xQNf",
"links": [
[
"labour",
"labour"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To labour; work."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "bakstaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕiba",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "تَعِبَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kadaḥa",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "كَدَحَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kada",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "كَدَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šeʔi",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "شقي"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trudja se",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "трудя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepja se",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "трепя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "辛勞 /辛劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "dřít"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "werken"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "zwoegen"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "labeuren"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "raataa"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "rehkiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "travailler"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "schuften"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "sich plagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "sich quälen"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "roboten"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "arbaidjan",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kopiázo",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "κοπιάζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ponéō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "πονέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mokhthéō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "μοχθέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kopiáō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "κοπιάω"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mogéō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "μογέω"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "laboregar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "faticare"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "lavorare"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "whakarīrā"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trudítʹsja",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "труди́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vkályvatʹ",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вка́лывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "labrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "trabajar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"english": "River Plate",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "yugar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"Argentina"
],
"word": "yuguear"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "ajetrearse"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"english": "se",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "afanar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "apencar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "azacanear"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "azacanarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "pencar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "chapar"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "deslomarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "slita"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "streta"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "knoga"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaṣṭapaḍu",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "కష్టపడు"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaṣṭiñcu",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "కష్టించు"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "didinmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "58 2 10 30",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "trudýtysja",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "труди́тися"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To struggle."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-verb-0Bd6-H26",
"links": [
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To struggle."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:",
"text": "places well toiled and husbanded",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "[I] toiled out my uncouth passage.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work (something); often with out."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-verb-GLrEIP09",
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To work (something); often with out."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 2 32 13 6 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "toiled with works of war",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weary through excessive labour."
],
"id": "en-toil-en-verb-EcHQOj-h",
"links": [
[
"weary",
"weary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To weary through excessive labour."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɪəl/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-toil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg/En-us-toil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "toyle"
}
],
"word": "toil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪəl",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Istriot translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "toiler"
},
{
"word": "toilsome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "toiller",
"4": "",
"5": "to agitate, stir up, entangle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro-nor",
"2": "tooillier, tooullier",
"3": "",
"4": "to agitate, stir"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien",
"4": "",
"5": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian",
"4": "",
"5": "to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure"
},
"expansion": "Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tuylen, teulen",
"3": "",
"4": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tilōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tulyie",
"3": "",
"4": "to quarrel, flite, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tuylen, teulen",
"4": "",
"5": "to work, labour, till"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">tuil</i> (“toil; work”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "teula",
"3": "",
"4": "to labour, toil"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tuil",
"t": "toil, labour"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "telen",
"t": "to grow; raise; cultivate, till"
},
"expansion": "Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English toilen, toylen, apparently a conflation of Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”) (compare Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”); of unknown origin), and Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”), from Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”) (compare Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)), from Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”). Cognate with Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”).\nAn alternate etymology derives Middle English toilen, toylen directly from Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”), from tuyl (\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”)). Cognate with Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”), teule (“labour, work”), Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”). Compare also Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”). More at till.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "toil (countable and uncountable, plural toils)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1908, Kenneth Grahame, The Wind in the Willows:",
"text": "[…] he set to work again and made the snow fly in all directions around him. After some further toil his efforts were rewarded, and a very shabby door-mat lay exposed to view.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Labour, work, especially of a grueling nature."
],
"links": [
[
"Labour",
"labour"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derve"
},
{
"word": "drudgery"
},
{
"word": "swink"
},
{
"word": "sweat"
},
{
"word": "drudgery"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Trouble, strife."
],
"links": [
[
"Trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"strife",
"strife"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, translated by John Dryden, Georgics:",
"text": "Then toils for beasts, and lime for birds, were found.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1823, Mary Shelley, Frankenstein:",
"text": "I was like a wild beast that had broken the toils, destroying the objects that obstructed me and ranging through the wood with a stag-like swiftness.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1893, Stanley J. Weyman, “XIX. Men call it chance”, in A Gentleman of France:",
"text": "That I was going to sit still, and let you sulk, while mademoiselle walked blindfold into the toils?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:",
"text": "She had waited overlong, and now it was like that Ailie would escape her toils.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A net or snare; any thread, web, or string spread for taking prey."
],
"links": [
[
"net",
"net"
],
[
"snare",
"snare"
],
[
"thread",
"thread"
],
[
"web",
"web"
],
[
"string",
"string"
],
[
"prey",
"prey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the plural) A net or snare; any thread, web, or string spread for taking prey."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"plural-normally",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɪəl/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-toil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg/En-us-toil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "toyle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kadḥ",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "كَدْح"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaʔa",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "شقى"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traxín"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "əmək"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "əziyyət"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "zəhmət"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "težka rabota",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "тежка работа"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepane",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "трепане"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "treball"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "辛勞 /辛劳"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dřina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lopota"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gezwoeg"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "ahkerointi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "uurastus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "labeur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Mühe"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "arbaiþs",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kópos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κόπος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "móchthos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μόχθος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kópos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κόπος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "pónos",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πόνος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "'amál",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עָמָל"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sclábhaíocht"
},
{
"code": "ist",
"lang": "Istriot",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fadeîga"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lavoro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatica"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "labor"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "labor, work",
"word": "whakarīrā"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trud"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "labuta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trud",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "труд"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "rabóta",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рабо́та"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rabota"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "deslomadura"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "slit"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stret"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "labor, work",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fadiga"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mǎka",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "мъка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "soužení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trápení"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "vastukset"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"word": "vaiva"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "'amál",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "עָמָל"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "disputa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tenzone"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "litigio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"word": "baruffa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diverbio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bedá",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "беда́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "góre",
"sense": "trouble, strife",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "го́ре"
}
],
"word": "toil"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪl/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɔɪəl",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gothic translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Istriot translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"gd-noun 2"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "toil and moil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "toiller",
"4": "",
"5": "to agitate, stir up, entangle"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro-nor",
"2": "tooillier, tooullier",
"3": "",
"4": "to agitate, stir"
},
"expansion": "Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien",
"4": "",
"5": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian",
"4": "",
"5": "to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure"
},
"expansion": "Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "tuylen, teulen",
"3": "",
"4": "to till, work, labour"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tilōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "tulyie",
"3": "",
"4": "to quarrel, flite, contend"
},
"expansion": "Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "toilen, toylen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English toilen, toylen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dum",
"3": "tuylen, teulen",
"4": "",
"5": "to work, labour, till"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"nl\">tuil</i> (“toil; work”)"
},
"expansion": "(\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”))",
"name": "gloss"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "teula",
"3": "",
"4": "to labour, toil"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tuil",
"t": "toil, labour"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "telen",
"t": "to grow; raise; cultivate, till"
},
"expansion": "Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”)",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English toilen, toylen, apparently a conflation of Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”) (compare Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”); of unknown origin), and Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”), from Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”) (compare Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)), from Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”). Cognate with Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”).\nAn alternate etymology derives Middle English toilen, toylen directly from Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”), from tuyl (\"agriculture, labour, toil\"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”)). Cognate with Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”), teule (“labour, work”), Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”). Compare also Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”). More at till.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toils",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "toiling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "toiled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "toiled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "toil (third-person singular simple present toils, present participle toiling, simple past and past participle toiled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To labour; work."
],
"links": [
[
"labour",
"labour"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To labour; work."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To struggle."
],
"links": [
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To struggle."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC:",
"text": "places well toiled and husbanded",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "[I] toiled out my uncouth passage.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To work (something); often with out."
],
"links": [
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To work (something); often with out."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:",
"text": "toiled with works of war",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To weary through excessive labour."
],
"links": [
[
"weary",
"weary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To weary through excessive labour."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɔɪl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔɪəl/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-toil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg/En-us-toil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/En-us-toil.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪl"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔɪəl"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "toyle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "bakstaan"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "taʕiba",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "تَعِبَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kadaḥa",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "كَدَحَ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "kada",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "كَدَ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šeʔi",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "شقي"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trudja se",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "трудя се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trepja se",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "трепя се"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xīnláo",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "辛勞 /辛劳"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "dřít"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "werken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "zwoegen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "labeuren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "raataa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "rehkiä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "travailler"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "schuften"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "sich plagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "sich quälen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "roboten"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "arbaidjan",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kopiázo",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "κοπιάζω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ponéō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "πονέω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mokhthéō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "μοχθέω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kopiáō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "κοπιάω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "mogéō",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "μογέω"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "laboregar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "faticare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "lavorare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "whakarīrā"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trudítʹsja",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "труди́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vkályvatʹ",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вка́лывать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "labrar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "trabajar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "River Plate",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "yugar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"Argentina"
],
"word": "yuguear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "ajetrearse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "se",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "afanar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "apencar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "azacanear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "azacanarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "pencar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "chapar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "deslomarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "slita"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "streta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "knoga"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaṣṭapaḍu",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "కష్టపడు"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaṣṭiñcu",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "కష్టించు"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"word": "didinmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "trudýtysja",
"sense": "to labour, to work",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "труди́тися"
}
],
"word": "toil"
}
Download raw JSONL data for toil meaning in English (27.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.