"travailler" meaning in French

See travailler in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /tʁa.va.je/ Audio: Fr-travailler.ogg
Etymology: Inherited from Middle French travailler, from Old French travailler (“toil, suffer, torment”), from Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre (“torture”), derived from Late Latin tripālium (“torture instrument”), from Latin tripālis (“having three stakes”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|travailler|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French travailler, {{inh+|fr|frm|travailler}} Inherited from Middle French travailler, {{inh|fr|fro|travailler||toil, suffer, torment}} Old French travailler (“toil, suffer, torment”), {{inh|fr|VL.|*tripāliāre|t=torture}} Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre (“torture”), {{der|fr|LL.|tripālium|t=torture instrument}} Late Latin tripālium (“torture instrument”), {{der|fr|la|tripālis||having three stakes}} Latin tripālis (“having three stakes”) Head templates: {{fr-verb}} travailler Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], travailler [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], travaillant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], travaillé [participle, past], travaille [first-person, indicative, present, singular], travailles [indicative, present, second-person, singular], travaille [indicative, present, singular, third-person], travaillons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], travaillez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], travaillent [indicative, plural, present, third-person], travaillais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], travaillais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], travaillait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], travaillions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], travailliez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], travaillaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], travaillai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], travaillas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], travailla [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], travaillâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], travaillâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], travaillèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], travaillerai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], travailleras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], travaillera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], travaillerons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], travaillerez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], travailleront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], travaillerais [conditional, first-person, singular], travaillerais [conditional, second-person, singular], travaillerait [conditional, singular, third-person], travaillerions [conditional, first-person, plural], travailleriez [conditional, plural, second-person], travailleraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], travaille [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], travailles [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], travaille [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], travaillions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], travailliez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], travaillent [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], travaillasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], travaillasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], travaillât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], travaillassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], travaillassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], travaillassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], travaille [imperative, second-person, singular], travaillons [first-person, imperative, plural], travaillez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. to work Synonyms (work): bosser [France, informal], taffer [France, informal], turbiner [France, informal]
    Sense id: en-travailler-fr-verb-HOHGnaBv Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French verbs with conjugation -er, Old French entries with incorrect language header, Old French verbs ending in -er, Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 43 24 32 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 35 30 35 Disambiguation of Old French entries with incorrect language header: 39 4 5 40 7 5 Disambiguation of Old French verbs ending in -er: 29 9 9 34 10 10 Disambiguation of Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite: 31 8 10 31 10 10 Disambiguation of 'work': 100 0 0
  2. to study
    Sense id: en-travailler-fr-verb-nUOYYRNk Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 35 30 35
  3. to struggle
    Sense id: en-travailler-fr-verb-1uDBy5BE Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -er Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -er: 35 30 35
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: travail, travailliste, travailleur, travailleuse

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for travailler meaning in French (12.6kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ht",
            "2": "travay"
          },
          "expansion": "Haitian Creole: travay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Haitian Creole: travay"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "travaillere",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: travaillere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: travaillere"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "travailler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French travailler",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "travailler"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French travailler",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "travailler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "toil, suffer, torment"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French travailler (“toil, suffer, torment”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*tripāliāre",
        "t": "torture"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre (“torture”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "tripālium",
        "t": "torture instrument"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin tripālium (“torture instrument”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "tripālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "having three stakes"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tripālis (“having three stakes”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French travailler, from Old French travailler (“toil, suffer, torment”), from Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre (“torture”), derived from Late Latin tripālium (“torture instrument”), from Latin tripālis (“having three stakes”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillant",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillé",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailles",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillons",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillait",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailliez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillaient",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillai",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillas",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailla",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillâmes",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillâtes",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillèrent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerai",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleras",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillera",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerons",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleront",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerait",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleriez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleraient",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailles",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailliez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillasse",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillasses",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillât",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillassions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillassiez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillassent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillons",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "travailler",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "travail"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "travailliste"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "travailleur"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "travailleuse"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 24 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 4 5 40 7 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 9 9 34 10 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 8 10 31 10 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "All he does is work.",
          "text": "Il ne fait que travailler.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to work"
      ],
      "id": "en-travailler-fr-verb-HOHGnaBv",
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "sense": "work",
          "tags": [
            "France",
            "informal"
          ],
          "word": "bosser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "sense": "work",
          "tags": [
            "France",
            "informal"
          ],
          "word": "taffer"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0 0",
          "sense": "work",
          "tags": [
            "France",
            "informal"
          ],
          "word": "turbiner"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to study"
      ],
      "id": "en-travailler-fr-verb-nUOYYRNk",
      "links": [
        [
          "study",
          "study"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 30 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It, no larger than an egg, envious, elongated, stretched, and struggled / to equal the animal in size\n(Jean De La Fontaine)",
          "text": "Elle, qui n’était pas grosse comme un œuf / envieuse s’étend, et s’enfle, et se travaille / pour égaler l’animal en grosseur",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to struggle"
      ],
      "id": "en-travailler-fr-verb-1uDBy5BE",
      "links": [
        [
          "struggle",
          "struggle"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-travailler.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Fr-travailler.ogg/Fr-travailler.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Fr-travailler.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "travailler"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Old French",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms inherited from Old French",
    "French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -er",
    "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old French first group verbs",
    "Old French irregular verbs",
    "Old French lemmas",
    "Old French terms derived from Late Latin",
    "Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
    "Old French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old French verbs",
    "Old French verbs ending in -er",
    "Old French verbs with weak-a2 preterite"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ht",
            "2": "travay"
          },
          "expansion": "Haitian Creole: travay",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Haitian Creole: travay"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "travaillere",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Danish: travaillere",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Danish: travaillere"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "travailler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French travailler",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "travailler"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French travailler",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "travailler",
        "4": "",
        "5": "toil, suffer, torment"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French travailler (“toil, suffer, torment”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*tripāliāre",
        "t": "torture"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre (“torture”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "tripālium",
        "t": "torture instrument"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin tripālium (“torture instrument”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "tripālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "having three stakes"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin tripālis (“having three stakes”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French travailler, from Old French travailler (“toil, suffer, torment”), from Vulgar Latin *tripāliāre (“torture”), derived from Late Latin tripālium (“torture instrument”), from Latin tripālis (“having three stakes”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillant",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillé",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailles",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillons",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillait",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailliez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillaient",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillai",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillas",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailla",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillâmes",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillâtes",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillèrent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerai",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleras",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillera",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerons",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleront",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerais",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerait",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillerions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jə.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleriez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jə.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailleraient",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailles",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travailliez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillasse",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillasses",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillât",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillassions",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillassiez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillassent",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaille",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.vaj/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillons",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "travaillez",
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "travailler",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "travail"
    },
    {
      "word": "travailliste"
    },
    {
      "word": "travailleur"
    },
    {
      "word": "travailleuse"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "All he does is work.",
          "text": "Il ne fait que travailler.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to work"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to study"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "study",
          "study"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It, no larger than an egg, envious, elongated, stretched, and struggled / to equal the animal in size\n(Jean De La Fontaine)",
          "text": "Elle, qui n’était pas grosse comme un œuf / envieuse s’étend, et s’enfle, et se travaille / pour égaler l’animal en grosseur",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to struggle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "struggle",
          "struggle"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/tʁa.va.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-travailler.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Fr-travailler.ogg/Fr-travailler.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Fr-travailler.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "work",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "bosser"
    },
    {
      "sense": "work",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "taffer"
    },
    {
      "sense": "work",
      "tags": [
        "France",
        "informal"
      ],
      "word": "turbiner"
    }
  ],
  "word": "travailler"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.