See trud in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "bez trudu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "nie bez trudu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "z trudem"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"trud",
"trud#Old_Polish"
],
[
"*trudъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trudъ"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trud",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish trud",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trud"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trud",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trudъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trudъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trud, from Proto-Slavic *trudъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "trud m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trud"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"trud"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
100,
105
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
84,
90
]
],
"english": "Engineers and miners from Messina were summoned to the Syracuse quarries, and their labors were paid at a price worth of gold. […]",
"ref": "1922, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Z dawnych dziejów, Lwów-Warszawa-Kraków: Wydawnictwo Zakładu Nar. Imienia Ossolińskich, page 167:",
"text": "Do syrakuzańskich kamieniołomów wzywano inżynierów i górników z Mesyny, opłacając na wagę złota ich trudy. […]",
"translation": "Engineers and miners from Messina were summoned to the Syracuse quarries, and their labors were paid at a price worth of gold. […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toil"
],
"id": "en-trud-pl-noun-3fAVpyht",
"links": [
[
"toil",
"toil"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"trouble"
],
"id": "en-trud-pl-noun-cTDfQzVe",
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrut/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ut"
},
{
"homophone": "trut"
}
],
"word": "trud"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ut",
"Rhymes:Polish/ut/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "bez trudu"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "nie bez trudu"
},
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "z trudem"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"trud",
"trud#Old_Polish"
],
[
"*trudъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trudъ"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trud",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish trud",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "trud"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish trud",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*trudъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *trudъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish trud, from Proto-Slavic *trudъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trud",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "trudach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "trudzie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "trudy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "trud m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"trud"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"trud"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
100,
105
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
84,
90
]
],
"english": "Engineers and miners from Messina were summoned to the Syracuse quarries, and their labors were paid at a price worth of gold. […]",
"ref": "1922, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Z dawnych dziejów, Lwów-Warszawa-Kraków: Wydawnictwo Zakładu Nar. Imienia Ossolińskich, page 167:",
"text": "Do syrakuzańskich kamieniołomów wzywano inżynierów i górników z Mesyny, opłacając na wagę złota ich trudy. […]",
"translation": "Engineers and miners from Messina were summoned to the Syracuse quarries, and their labors were paid at a price worth of gold. […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toil"
],
"links": [
[
"toil",
"toil"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"trouble"
],
"links": [
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtrut/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ut"
},
{
"homophone": "trut"
}
],
"word": "trud"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trud meaning in Polish (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.