See barb in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pethia bandula",
"word": "bandula barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barblet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Furnariidae spp.",
"word": "barbtail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Threnetes spp.",
"word": "barbthroat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbwire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "black ruby barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "debarb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giant barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hose barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "interbarb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "Java barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "purplehead barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Barbus conchonius",
"word": "rosy barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "silver barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spanner barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "t-barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Puntigrus tetrazona",
"word": "tiger barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unbarb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1545, Roger Ascham, Toxophilus:",
"text": "Having two barbs or points.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:point",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishhook",
"fishhook"
],
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"extracted",
"extracted"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"obliquely",
"obliquely"
],
[
"crosswise",
"crosswise"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:point"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zǎbec",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "зъбец"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kontra",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "контра"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llengüeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "weerhaak"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardillon"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "xota"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Widerhaken"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ankulís",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ἀγκυλίς"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "horgas/kampós vég"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "hoto"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "tara kāniwha (of stingrays)"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "kātara"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "keka"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mothake"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "damak",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "طاماق"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шип"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "koljúčka",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колю́чка"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubéc",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "foto (of stingrays)"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "foto (of stingrays)"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bodlja"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengüeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pincho"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "púa"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "puya"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hulling"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 4 2 2 3 13 5 2 4 2 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ngạnh"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to trade barbs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1923, Lucy Maud Montgomery, “Chapter 8”, in Emily of New Moon:",
"text": "And she was the only girl in class who did not, sometime through the lesson, get a barb of sarcasm from Miss Brownell, though she made as many mistakes as the rest of them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Elle Wright, Wherever You Are (The Jacksons of Ann Arbor), HarperCollins, →ISBN:",
"text": "“Maybe I just wanted to come and see for myself if you were real. Or if you were a figment of my imagination.” The barb hurt, but she didn't blame him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 July 11, Kate Conger, Mike Isaac, “How Elon Musk Damaged Twitter and Left It Worse Off”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "His barbs about fake accounts have weakened trust in Twitter, just as the company prepares to moderate heated political discussions about an upcoming election in Brazil and the midterm elections this fall in the United States, misinformation experts said.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:hurtful_remark",
"links": [
[
"hurtful",
"hurtful"
],
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hurtful remark"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "piikki"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "nälväisy"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sivallus"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sértés"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "csípős megjegyzés"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tüske"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tīkai"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žaoka"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 46 1 3 3 25 5 2 5 0 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pulla"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], →OCLC; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:",
"text": "The barbel is so called […]by reason of his barbs, or wattles at his mouth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A beard, or that which resembles it, or grows in the place of it."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-sYUAigOt",
"links": [
[
"beard",
"beard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "en:Ornithology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 1 3 13 4 16 10 5 8 1 3 9 6 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:ornithology",
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"vane",
"vane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ornithology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "höytysäde"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "barbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federast"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "tollrost"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boródka",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боро́дка"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 47 4 13 10 4 8 0 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ichthyology",
"orig": "en:Ichthyology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:ichthyology",
"links": [
[
"ichthyology",
"ichthyology"
],
[
"carp",
"carp"
],
[
"barbel",
"barbel"
],
[
"cyprinid",
"cyprinid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ichthyology) Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ichthyology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ichthyology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 41 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "barbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 41 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "betara"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 41 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papa-terra"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 41 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "tl",
"english": "Java barb",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "tawes"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 41 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "cá mè"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 3 13 5 17 10 4 8 1 3 8 5 2 1 0 5 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 10 4 14 8 4 7 1 4 15 10 2 2 1 4 2 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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{
"_dis": "6 3 3 8 4 30 7 5 5 1 3 8 5 2 1 2 4 1 1 1",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "7 4 3 10 5 32 10 5 7 1 5 2 5 2 2",
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{
"_dis": "7 3 3 11 7 34 10 5 8 1 4 2 4 2 2",
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "7 4 3 8 5 39 8 5 6 1 4 2 5 2 2",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "7 3 3 9 5 36 9 5 7 1 4 2 5 2 2",
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{
"_dis": "7 3 3 9 4 40 8 5 6 1 4 2 5 2 2",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 12 8 22 9 4 8 1 3 7 6 1 0 1 5 1 1 0",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "en:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 2 8 17 33 6 3 5 1 2 6 3 1 0 1 4 1 1 0",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cyprinids",
"orig": "en:Cyprinids",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 2 9 4 19 7 4 8 2 7 8 5 2 3 2 4 1 2 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horse tack",
"orig": "en:Horse tack",
"parents": [
"Animal riding",
"Horses",
"Tools",
"Transport",
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Fundamental",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-9kuvw-IB",
"links": [
[
"sciaenid",
"sciaenid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Carolina whiting"
},
{
"word": "king whiting"
},
{
"word": "southern kingcroaker"
},
{
"word": "southern kingfish"
}
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 7 1 3 13 4 16 10 5 8 1 3 9 6 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 0 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-jUwBD0pJ",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
],
[
"double",
"double"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 9 5 14 43 3 8 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osil",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "осил"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 9 5 14 43 3 8 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "шип"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 9 5 14 43 3 8 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 9 5 14 43 3 8 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "szálka"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 9 5 14 43 3 8 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "bajusz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-kkH4hSGJ",
"links": [
[
"muffler",
"muffler"
],
[
"nun",
"nun"
],
[
"mourner",
"mourner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 5 2 9 4 68 4 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "kauluri"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 5 2 9 4 68 4 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "apácafátyol"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 5 2 9 4 68 4 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "vélum"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 5 2 9 4 68 4 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "fityula"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Paps, or little projections, of the mucous membrane, which mark the opening of the submaxillary glands under the tongue in horses and cattle. The name is mostly applied when the barbs are inflamed and swollen."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-NtzeTG26",
"links": [
[
"Paps",
"pap"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"mucous",
"mucous"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"submaxillary",
"submaxillary"
],
[
"glands",
"glands"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"swollen",
"swollen"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"word": "barble"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 7 5 7 6 2 65 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "little projections of the mucous membrane",
"word": "nystyrä"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "His loftie steed with golden sell\nAnd goodly gorgeous barbes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bit for a horse."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-3F8R7iSl",
"links": [
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bit for a horse."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A plastic fastener, shaped roughly like a capital I (with serifs), used to attach socks etc. to their packaging."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-XtSYNWp4",
"links": [
[
"plastic",
"plastic"
],
[
"fastener",
"fastener"
],
[
"sock",
"sock"
],
[
"packaging",
"packaging"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
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"past"
]
}
],
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 544–546:",
"text": "[…] for this day will pour down, / If I conjecture aught, no drizzling shower, / But rattling storm of arrows barbed with fire.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, IV.iii:",
"text": "Undoubtedly—when Ingratitude barbs the Dart of Injury—the wound has double danger in it—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1944, Emily Carr, “Meg the Worker”, in The House of All Sorts:",
"text": "Her coat was a tangled mass, barbed with last year's burs, matted disgustingly with cow dung.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with barbs, or with that which will hold or hurt like barbs, as an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-Y0uUHsw1",
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"spear",
"spear"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 0 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to furnish with barbs",
"word": "whakaniwha"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nigerian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut (hair)."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-JZ4GFfD9",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Nigeria) To cut (hair)."
],
"tags": [
"Nigeria"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-r7A1~NBO",
"links": [
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1603 (date written), Iohn Marston, The Malcontent, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for William Aspley, […], published 1604, →OCLC, Act III, scene ii:",
"text": "O thou pale ſober night, / […] / The ſtooping Sitheman that dooth barbe the field, / Thou makſt winke ſure: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To clip; to mow."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-huSPtdqk",
"links": [
[
"clip",
"clip"
],
[
"mow",
"mow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To clip; to mow."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
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{
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}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Barbary"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of Barbary",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of Barbary.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 3 10 4 14 8 4 7 1 4 15 10 2 2 1 4 2 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1813, Lord Byron, The Giaour, a Fragment of a Turkish Tale, 8th edition, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], for John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 34, lines 699–700:",
"text": "Why sends not the Bridegroom his promised gift, / Is his heart more cold, or his barb less swift?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco",
"ref": "2009 October, Laurent Roustan, “The Horse, Present since the Dawn of Time”, in Alphatrad Internationale, transl., Au Royaume du Cheval: Les Haras Nationaux du Maroc [In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco], Souyri, Aveyron, France: Editions Au fil du Temps, →ISBN:",
"text": "However, in the last few years, the stud farms in Morocco and elsewhere in the world have rediscovered the qualities of the barb, which, in Berber tradition, remains the king of the \"fantasias\", a festival that is also becoming fashionable once again.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Barbary horse, a superior breed introduced from Barbary into Spain by the Moors."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-HH3Yjb6r",
"links": [
[
"Barbary",
"Barbary"
],
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"Spain",
"Spain"
],
[
"Moor",
"Moor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A blackish or dun variety of pigeon, originally brought from Barbary."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-rA0sbU9f",
"links": [
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "barbiturate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of barbiturate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of barbiturate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pharmaceutical drugs",
"orig": "en:Pharmaceutical drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: benzo"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Jerry Dorsman, How to Quit Drugs for Good: A Complete Self-Help Guide, New York, NY: Three Rivers Press, →ISBN, page 50:",
"text": "The benzos, it turns out, are just as highly addicting as the barbs, but they do have a much lower potential to cause death by overdose. […] The barbs became one of the most widely abused classes of drugs in the 1960s and 1970s.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A barbiturate."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-pvyorNtY",
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"barbiturate",
"barbiturate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, pharmacology) A barbiturate."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 2 0 2 2 2 3 34 1 0 1 1 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "en:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29:",
"text": "The defensive armor with the horses of the ancient knights ... These are frequently, though improperly, stiled barbs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Armor for a horse."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-i6lODuN0",
"links": [
[
"Armor",
"armor"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"word": "hevoshaarniska"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loriga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barda"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg"
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{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 2 0 2 2 2 3 34 1 0 1 1 33",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "en:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], line 10:",
"text": "And now, in stead of mounting barbed steeds / To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, / He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover a horse in armor."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-LRM~08Ea",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰardʰéh₂",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Pethia bandula",
"word": "bandula barb"
},
{
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"word": "barbless"
},
{
"word": "barblet"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Furnariidae spp.",
"word": "barbtail"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Threnetes spp.",
"word": "barbthroat"
},
{
"word": "barbwire"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "black ruby barb"
},
{
"word": "debarb"
},
{
"word": "giant barb"
},
{
"word": "hose barb"
},
{
"word": "interbarb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "Java barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "purplehead barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Barbus conchonius",
"word": "rosy barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "silver barb"
},
{
"word": "spanner barb"
},
{
"word": "t-barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Puntigrus tetrazona",
"word": "tiger barb"
},
{
"word": "unbarb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1545, Roger Ascham, Toxophilus:",
"text": "Having two barbs or points.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else."
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishhook",
"fishhook"
],
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"extracted",
"extracted"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"obliquely",
"obliquely"
],
[
"crosswise",
"crosswise"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:point"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to trade barbs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1923, Lucy Maud Montgomery, “Chapter 8”, in Emily of New Moon:",
"text": "And she was the only girl in class who did not, sometime through the lesson, get a barb of sarcasm from Miss Brownell, though she made as many mistakes as the rest of them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Elle Wright, Wherever You Are (The Jacksons of Ann Arbor), HarperCollins, →ISBN:",
"text": "“Maybe I just wanted to come and see for myself if you were real. Or if you were a figment of my imagination.” The barb hurt, but she didn't blame him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 July 11, Kate Conger, Mike Isaac, “How Elon Musk Damaged Twitter and Left It Worse Off”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "His barbs about fake accounts have weakened trust in Twitter, just as the company prepares to moderate heated political discussions about an upcoming election in Brazil and the midterm elections this fall in the United States, misinformation experts said.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"links": [
[
"hurtful",
"hurtful"
],
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hurtful remark"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], →OCLC; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:",
"text": "The barbel is so called […]by reason of his barbs, or wattles at his mouth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A beard, or that which resembles it, or grows in the place of it."
],
"links": [
[
"beard",
"beard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Ornithology"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"vane",
"vane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ornithology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Ichthyology"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"links": [
[
"ichthyology",
"ichthyology"
],
[
"carp",
"carp"
],
[
"barbel",
"barbel"
],
[
"cyprinid",
"cyprinid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ichthyology) Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ichthyology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ichthyology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"links": [
[
"sciaenid",
"sciaenid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Carolina whiting"
},
{
"word": "king whiting"
},
{
"word": "southern kingcroaker"
},
{
"word": "southern kingfish"
}
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
],
[
"double",
"double"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"links": [
[
"muffler",
"muffler"
],
[
"nun",
"nun"
],
[
"mourner",
"mourner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Paps, or little projections, of the mucous membrane, which mark the opening of the submaxillary glands under the tongue in horses and cattle. The name is mostly applied when the barbs are inflamed and swollen."
],
"links": [
[
"Paps",
"pap"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"mucous",
"mucous"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"submaxillary",
"submaxillary"
],
[
"glands",
"glands"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"swollen",
"swollen"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"word": "barble"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "His loftie steed with golden sell\nAnd goodly gorgeous barbes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bit for a horse."
],
"links": [
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bit for a horse."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A plastic fastener, shaped roughly like a capital I (with serifs), used to attach socks etc. to their packaging."
],
"links": [
[
"plastic",
"plastic"
],
[
"fastener",
"fastener"
],
[
"sock",
"sock"
],
[
"packaging",
"packaging"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zǎbec",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "зъбец"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kontra",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "контра"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llengüeta"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "weerhaak"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardillon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "xota"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Widerhaken"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ankulís",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ἀγκυλίς"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "horgas/kampós vég"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "hoto"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "tara kāniwha (of stingrays)"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "kātara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "keka"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mothake"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "damak",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "طاماق"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шип"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "koljúčka",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колю́чка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubéc",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"code": "to",
"lang": "Tongan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "foto (of stingrays)"
},
{
"code": "sm",
"lang": "Samoan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "foto (of stingrays)"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bodlja"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengüeta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pincho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "púa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "puya"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hulling"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ngạnh"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "piikki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "nälväisy"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sivallus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sértés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "csípős megjegyzés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tüske"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tīkai"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žaoka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pulla"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "höytysäde"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "barbe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federast"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "tollrost"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boródka",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боро́дка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "barbi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "betara"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papa-terra"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"english": "Java barb",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "tawes"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "cá mè"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osil",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "осил"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "шип"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "szálka"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "bajusz"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "kauluri"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "apácafátyol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "vélum"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "fityula"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "little projections of the mucous membrane",
"word": "nystyrä"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰardʰéh₂",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Samoan translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tongan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 544–546:",
"text": "[…] for this day will pour down, / If I conjecture aught, no drizzling shower, / But rattling storm of arrows barbed with fire.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, IV.iii:",
"text": "Undoubtedly—when Ingratitude barbs the Dart of Injury—the wound has double danger in it—",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1944, Emily Carr, “Meg the Worker”, in The House of All Sorts:",
"text": "Her coat was a tangled mass, barbed with last year's burs, matted disgustingly with cow dung.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with barbs, or with that which will hold or hurt like barbs, as an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"spear",
"spear"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Nigerian English"
],
"glosses": [
"To cut (hair)."
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Nigeria) To cut (hair)."
],
"tags": [
"Nigeria"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"links": [
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1603 (date written), Iohn Marston, The Malcontent, London: […] V[alentine] S[immes] for William Aspley, […], published 1604, →OCLC, Act III, scene ii:",
"text": "O thou pale ſober night, / […] / The ſtooping Sitheman that dooth barbe the field, / Thou makſt winke ſure: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To clip; to mow."
],
"links": [
[
"clip",
"clip"
],
[
"mow",
"mow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To clip; to mow."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to furnish with barbs",
"word": "whakaniwha"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Barbary"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of Barbary",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of Barbary.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1813, Lord Byron, The Giaour, a Fragment of a Turkish Tale, 8th edition, London: […] Thomas Davison, […], for John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 34, lines 699–700:",
"text": "Why sends not the Bridegroom his promised gift, / Is his heart more cold, or his barb less swift?",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco",
"ref": "2009 October, Laurent Roustan, “The Horse, Present since the Dawn of Time”, in Alphatrad Internationale, transl., Au Royaume du Cheval: Les Haras Nationaux du Maroc [In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco], Souyri, Aveyron, France: Editions Au fil du Temps, →ISBN:",
"text": "However, in the last few years, the stud farms in Morocco and elsewhere in the world have rediscovered the qualities of the barb, which, in Berber tradition, remains the king of the \"fantasias\", a festival that is also becoming fashionable once again.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Barbary horse, a superior breed introduced from Barbary into Spain by the Moors."
],
"links": [
[
"Barbary",
"Barbary"
],
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"Spain",
"Spain"
],
[
"Moor",
"Moor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A blackish or dun variety of pigeon, originally brought from Barbary."
],
"links": [
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "barbiturate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of barbiturate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of barbiturate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Pharmaceutical drugs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: benzo"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Jerry Dorsman, How to Quit Drugs for Good: A Complete Self-Help Guide, New York, NY: Three Rivers Press, →ISBN, page 50:",
"text": "The benzos, it turns out, are just as highly addicting as the barbs, but they do have a much lower potential to cause death by overdose. […] The barbs became one of the most widely abused classes of drugs in the 1960s and 1970s.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A barbiturate."
],
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"barbiturate",
"barbiturate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, pharmacology) A barbiturate."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29:",
"text": "The defensive armor with the horses of the ancient knights ... These are frequently, though improperly, stiled barbs.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Armor for a horse."
],
"links": [
[
"Armor",
"armor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"word": "hevoshaarniska"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loriga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barda"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], line 10:",
"text": "And now, in stead of mounting barbed steeds / To fright the souls of fearful adversaries, / He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover a horse in armor."
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
Download raw JSONL data for barb meaning in English (31.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.