See barb on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for barb meaning in All languages combined (35.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pethia bandula",
"word": "bandula barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Furnariidae spp.",
"word": "barbtail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Threnetes spp.",
"word": "barbthroat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barbwire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "black ruby barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giant barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hose barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "Java barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "purplehead barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Barbus conchonius",
"word": "rosy barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "silver barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spanner barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "t-barb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Puntigrus tetrazona",
"word": "tiger barb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "*bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1545, Roger Ascham, Toxophilus",
"text": "Having two barbs or points.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:point",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishhook",
"fishhook"
],
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"extracted",
"extracted"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"obliquely",
"obliquely"
],
[
"crosswise",
"crosswise"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:point"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zǎbec",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "зъбец"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kontra",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "контра"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llengüeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "weerhaak"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardillon"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "xota"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Widerhaken"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ankulís",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ἀγκυλίς"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "horgas/kampós vég"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "kāniwha"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "kātara"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "keka"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mothake"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "damak",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "طاماق"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шип"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "koljúčka",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колю́чка"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubéc",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bodlja"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengüeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pincho"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "púa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hulling"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 2 2 2 3 4 5 2 5 2 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ngạnh"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to trade barbs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1923, Lucy Maud Montgomery, “Chapter 8”, in Emily of New Moon",
"text": "And she was the only girl in class who did not, sometime through the lesson, get a barb of sarcasm from Miss Brownell, though she made as many mistakes as the rest of them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Elle Wright, Wherever You Are (The Jacksons of Ann Arbor), HarperCollins",
"text": "“Maybe I just wanted to come and see for myself if you were real. Or if you were a figment of my imagination.” The barb hurt, but she didn't blame him.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 July 11, Kate Conger, Mike Isaac, “How Elon Musk Damaged Twitter and Left It Worse Off”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "His barbs about fake accounts have weakened trust in Twitter, just as the company prepares to moderate heated political discussions about an upcoming election in Brazil and the midterm elections this fall in the United States, misinformation experts said.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:hurtful_remark",
"links": [
[
"hurtful",
"hurtful"
],
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hurtful remark"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "piikki"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "nälväisy"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sivallus"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sértés"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "csípős megjegyzés"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tüske"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tīkai"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žaoka"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 58 2 2 4 8 5 3 9 0 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "puya"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A beard, or that which resembles it, or grows in the place of it."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-sYUAigOt",
"links": [
[
"beard",
"beard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ornithology",
"orig": "en:Ornithology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:ornithology",
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"vane",
"vane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ornithology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "höytysäde"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "barbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federast"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "tollrost"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boródka",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боро́дка"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 1 76 3 7 3 2 3 0 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ichthyology",
"orig": "en:Ichthyology",
"parents": [
"Zoology",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 4 13 10 9 5 16 1 3 7 7 2 0 1 6 1 1 0",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "en:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-en:ichthyology",
"links": [
[
"ichthyology",
"ichthyology"
],
[
"carp",
"carp"
],
[
"barbel",
"barbel"
],
[
"cyprinid",
"cyprinid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ichthyology) Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ichthyology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ichthyology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 40 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "barbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 40 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "betara"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 40 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papa-terra"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 40 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "tl",
"english": "Java barb",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "tawes"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 0 0 53 40 0 1 1 0 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "cá mè"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 3 7 11 15 8 4 12 3 3 7 5 4 1 1 4 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 2 3 22 29 5 3 9 1 2 5 4 1 0 1 4 1 1 0",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cyprinids",
"orig": "en:Cyprinids",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 2 5 7 13 6 4 14 2 7 7 5 3 3 2 3 3 2 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horse tack",
"orig": "en:Horse tack",
"parents": [
"Animal riding",
"Horses",
"Tools",
"Transport",
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Fundamental",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-9kuvw-IB",
"links": [
[
"sciaenid",
"sciaenid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Carolina whiting"
},
{
"word": "king whiting"
},
{
"word": "southern kingcroaker"
},
{
"word": "southern kingfish"
}
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-jUwBD0pJ",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
],
[
"double",
"double"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 3 6 7 52 4 12 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osil",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "осил"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 3 6 7 52 4 12 0 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "шип"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 3 6 7 52 4 12 0 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 3 6 7 52 4 12 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "szálka"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 2 3 3 6 7 52 4 12 0 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "bajusz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-kkH4hSGJ",
"links": [
[
"muffler",
"muffler"
],
[
"nun",
"nun"
],
[
"mourner",
"mourner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 1 2 7 4 74 5 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "kauluri"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 1 2 7 4 74 5 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "apácafátyol"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 1 2 7 4 74 5 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "vélum"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 1 1 2 7 4 74 5 0 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "fityula"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 2 4 5 7 12 11 5 15 1 4 9 6 3 1 1 6 1 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 4 4 13 10 9 5 16 1 3 7 7 2 0 1 6 1 1 0",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Columbids",
"orig": "en:Columbids",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 2 5 7 13 6 4 14 2 7 7 5 3 3 2 3 3 2 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horse tack",
"orig": "en:Horse tack",
"parents": [
"Animal riding",
"Horses",
"Tools",
"Transport",
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Fundamental",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Paps, or little projections, of the mucous membrane, which mark the opening of the submaxillary glands under the tongue in horses and cattle. The name is mostly applied when the barbs are inflamed and swollen."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-NtzeTG26",
"links": [
[
"Paps",
"pap"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"mucous",
"mucous"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"submaxillary",
"submaxillary"
],
[
"glands",
"glands"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"swollen",
"swollen"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"word": "barble"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 2 2 4 8 6 8 3 61 0 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "little projections of the mucous membrane",
"word": "nystyrä"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A bit for a horse."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-3F8R7iSl",
"links": [
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bit for a horse."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A plastic fastener, shaped roughly like a capital I (with serifs), used to attach socks etc. to their packaging."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-XtSYNWp4",
"links": [
[
"plastic",
"plastic"
],
[
"fastener",
"fastener"
],
[
"sock",
"sock"
],
[
"packaging",
"packaging"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "*bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, IV.iii",
"text": "Undoubtedly—when Ingratitude barbs the Dart of Injury—the wound has double danger in it",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1944, Emily Carr, “Meg the Worker”, in The House of All Sorts",
"text": "Her coat was a tangled mass, barbed with last year's burs, matted disgustingly with cow dung.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with barbs, or with that which will hold or hurt like barbs, as an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-Y0uUHsw1",
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"spear",
"spear"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 0 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to furnish with barbs",
"word": "whakaniwha"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Nigerian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cut (hair)."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-JZ4GFfD9",
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Nigeria) To cut (hair)."
],
"tags": [
"Nigeria"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-r7A1~NBO",
"links": [
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To clip; to mow."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-huSPtdqk",
"links": [
[
"clip",
"clip"
],
[
"mow",
"mow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To clip; to mow."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Barbary"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of Barbary",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of Barbary.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 October, Laurent Roustan, “The Horse, Present since the Dawn of Time”, in Alphatrad Internationale, transl., Au Royaume du Cheval: Les Haras Nationaux du Maroc [In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco], Souyri, Aveyron, France: Editions Au fil du Temps",
"text": "However, in the last few years, the stud farms in Morocco and elsewhere in the world have rediscovered the qualities of the barb, which, in Berber tradition, remains the king of the \"fantasias\", a festival that is also becoming fashionable once again.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Barbary horse, a superior breed introduced from Barbary into Spain by the Moors."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-HH3Yjb6r",
"links": [
[
"Barbary",
"Barbary"
],
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"Spain",
"Spain"
],
[
"Moor",
"Moor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A blackish or dun variety of pigeon, originally brought from Barbary."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-rA0sbU9f",
"links": [
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "barbiturate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of barbiturate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of barbiturate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pharmaceutical drugs",
"orig": "en:Pharmaceutical drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: benzo"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Jerry Dorsman, How to Quit Drugs for Good: A Complete Self-Help Guide, New York, NY: Three Rivers Press, page 50",
"text": "The benzos, it turns out, are just as highly addicting as the barbs, but they do have a much lower potential to cause death by overdose. […] The barbs became one of the most widely abused classes of drugs in the 1960s and 1970s.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A barbiturate."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-pvyorNtY",
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"barbiturate",
"barbiturate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, pharmacology) A barbiturate."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bard"
},
"expansion": "bard",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 55 4 0 0 0 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Armor",
"orig": "en:Armor",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29",
"text": "The defensive armor with the horses of the ancient knights ... These are frequently, though improperly, stiled barbs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Armor for a horse."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-noun-i6lODuN0",
"links": [
[
"Armor",
"armor"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"word": "hevoshaarniska"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loriga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barda"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bard"
},
"expansion": "bard",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To cover a horse in armor."
],
"id": "en-barb-en-verb-LRM~08Ea",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "barbus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin barbus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "barbus"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin barbus",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin barbus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "barb m (plural barbs)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "ca:Skin",
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"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "98 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ca",
"name": "Cyprinids",
"orig": "ca:Cyprinids",
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"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barbel (freshwater fish of the genus Barbus)"
],
"id": "en-barb-ca-noun-9qzTtm11",
"links": [
[
"barbel",
"barbel"
],
[
"Barbus",
"Barbus#English"
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],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbarp]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaɾp]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "barba",
"3": "",
"4": "beard"
},
"expansion": "barba (“beard”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin varus, influenced by barba (“beard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "barb m (plural barbs)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"blackhead (skin blemish)"
],
"id": "en-barb-ca-noun-R~Dqx~Ou",
"links": [
[
"blackhead",
"blackhead"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbarp]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaɾp]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "neuvarb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "borb",
"4": "",
"5": "foolish, rude"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbey",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barbey",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural",
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"6": "barbey",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": ""
},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbey, comparative barbey)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"comp": "barbey",
"pl": "barbey"
},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbey, comparative barbey)",
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],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sharp, drastic"
],
"id": "en-barb-gv-adj-7S~0FC-K",
"links": [
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"drastic",
"drastic"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cruel, rough"
],
"id": "en-barb-gv-adj-WoqediFu",
"links": [
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
],
[
"rough",
"rough"
]
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "borb",
"4": "",
"5": "foolish, rude"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gv-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "barb",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "varb",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "marb",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "barb m (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "barb m (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"2": "arb"
},
"name": "gv-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 38 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sharp point, javelin"
],
"id": "en-barb-gv-noun-bWYjj6lZ",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"javelin",
"javelin"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"ca:Cyprinids",
"ca:Skin"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "barbus",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin barbus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "barbus"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin barbus",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin barbus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "barb m (plural barbs)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"barbel (freshwater fish of the genus Barbus)"
],
"links": [
[
"barbel",
"barbel"
],
[
"Barbus",
"Barbus#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbarp]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaɾp]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"ca:Cyprinids",
"ca:Skin"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "varus"
},
"expansion": "Latin varus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "barba",
"3": "",
"4": "beard"
},
"expansion": "barba (“beard”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin varus, influenced by barba (“beard”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "barb m (plural barbs)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"blackhead (skin blemish)"
],
"links": [
[
"blackhead",
"blackhead"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈbarp]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbaɾp]",
"tags": [
"Valencian"
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰardʰéh₂",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"derived": [
{
"taxonomic": "Pethia bandula",
"word": "bandula barb"
},
{
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Furnariidae spp.",
"word": "barbtail"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Threnetes spp.",
"word": "barbthroat"
},
{
"word": "barbwire"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "black ruby barb"
},
{
"word": "giant barb"
},
{
"word": "hose barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "Java barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pethia nigrofasciata",
"word": "purplehead barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Barbus conchonius",
"word": "rosy barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Barbonymus gonionotus",
"word": "silver barb"
},
{
"word": "spanner barb"
},
{
"word": "t-barb"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Puntigrus tetrazona",
"word": "tiger barb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "*bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1545, Roger Ascham, Toxophilus",
"text": "Having two barbs or points.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc., to prevent it from being easily extracted. Hence: Anything which stands out with a sharp point obliquely or crosswise to something else."
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"arrow",
"arrow"
],
[
"fishhook",
"fishhook"
],
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"extracted",
"extracted"
],
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"obliquely",
"obliquely"
],
[
"crosswise",
"crosswise"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:point"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to trade barbs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1923, Lucy Maud Montgomery, “Chapter 8”, in Emily of New Moon",
"text": "And she was the only girl in class who did not, sometime through the lesson, get a barb of sarcasm from Miss Brownell, though she made as many mistakes as the rest of them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Elle Wright, Wherever You Are (The Jacksons of Ann Arbor), HarperCollins",
"text": "“Maybe I just wanted to come and see for myself if you were real. Or if you were a figment of my imagination.” The barb hurt, but she didn't blame him.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2022 July 11, Kate Conger, Mike Isaac, “How Elon Musk Damaged Twitter and Left It Worse Off”, in The New York Times, →ISSN",
"text": "His barbs about fake accounts have weakened trust in Twitter, just as the company prepares to moderate heated political discussions about an upcoming election in Brazil and the midterm elections this fall in the United States, misinformation experts said.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"links": [
[
"hurtful",
"hurtful"
],
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"remark",
"remark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) A hurtful or disparaging remark."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hurtful remark"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A beard, or that which resembles it, or grows in the place of it."
],
"links": [
[
"beard",
"beard"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Ornithology"
],
"glosses": [
"One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"links": [
[
"ornithology",
"ornithology"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"feather",
"feather"
],
[
"vane",
"vane"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ornithology) One of the many side branches of a feather, which collectively constitute the vane."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ornithology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"ornithology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Ichthyology"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"links": [
[
"ichthyology",
"ichthyology"
],
[
"carp",
"carp"
],
[
"barbel",
"barbel"
],
[
"cyprinid",
"cyprinid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ichthyology) Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family."
],
"senseid": [
"en:ichthyology"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ichthyology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"links": [
[
"sciaenid",
"sciaenid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) The sciaenid fish Menticirrhus americanus, found along the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Carolina whiting"
},
{
"word": "king whiting"
},
{
"word": "southern kingcroaker"
},
{
"word": "southern kingfish"
}
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"bristle",
"bristle"
],
[
"double",
"double"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) A hair or bristle ending in a double hook."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"links": [
[
"muffler",
"muffler"
],
[
"nun",
"nun"
],
[
"mourner",
"mourner"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A muffler, worn by nuns and mourners."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Paps, or little projections, of the mucous membrane, which mark the opening of the submaxillary glands under the tongue in horses and cattle. The name is mostly applied when the barbs are inflamed and swollen."
],
"links": [
[
"Paps",
"pap"
],
[
"projection",
"projection"
],
[
"mucous",
"mucous"
],
[
"membrane",
"membrane"
],
[
"submaxillary",
"submaxillary"
],
[
"glands",
"glands"
],
[
"tongue",
"tongue"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"inflame",
"inflame"
],
[
"swollen",
"swollen"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "barbel"
},
{
"word": "barble"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A bit for a horse."
],
"links": [
[
"bit",
"bit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A bit for a horse."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A plastic fastener, shaped roughly like a capital I (with serifs), used to attach socks etc. to their packaging."
],
"links": [
[
"plastic",
"plastic"
],
[
"fastener",
"fastener"
],
[
"sock",
"sock"
],
[
"packaging",
"packaging"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zǎbec",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "зъбец"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kontra",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "контра"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "llengüeta"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "weerhaak"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ardillon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "xota"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Widerhaken"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "ankulís",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ἀγκυλίς"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "horgas/kampós vég"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "kāniwha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "kātara"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "keka"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barbet"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mothake"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "damak",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "طاماق"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шип"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "koljúčka",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "колю́чка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubéc",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зубе́ц"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bodlja"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lengüeta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pincho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "púa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "hulling"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook, etc",
"word": "ngạnh"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "piikki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "nälväisy"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sivallus"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "sértés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "csípős megjegyzés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tüske"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "tīkai"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "farpa"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "žaoka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hurtful remark",
"word": "puya"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "höytysäde"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "barbe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Federast"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"word": "tollrost"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "boródka",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "боро́дка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "one of the side branches of a feather",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barba"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "barbi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "betara"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "papa-terra"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"english": "Java barb",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "tawes"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "fish of the cyprinid family",
"word": "cá mè"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "osil",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "осил"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šip",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "шип"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "väkänen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "szálka"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "botany: hair or bristle ending in a double hook",
"word": "bajusz"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "kauluri"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "apácafátyol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "vélum"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "muffler worn by nuns and mourners",
"word": "fityula"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "little projections of the mucous membrane",
"word": "nystyrä"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰardʰéh₂",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "*bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰardʰéh₂"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "point"
},
"expansion": "sense 1",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ornithology"
},
"expansion": "sense 4",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ichthyology"
},
"expansion": "sense 5",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English barbe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "barbe"
},
"expansion": "Middle French barbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "barbe",
"4": "",
"5": "beard, beard-like element"
},
"expansion": "Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beard"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of beard",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰardʰéh₂\nFrom Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, IV.iii",
"text": "Undoubtedly—when Ingratitude barbs the Dart of Injury—the wound has double danger in it",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1944, Emily Carr, “Meg the Worker”, in The House of All Sorts",
"text": "Her coat was a tangled mass, barbed with last year's burs, matted disgustingly with cow dung.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To furnish with barbs, or with that which will hold or hurt like barbs, as an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"furnish",
"furnish"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
],
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"spear",
"spear"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Nigerian English"
],
"glosses": [
"To cut (hair)."
],
"links": [
[
"cut",
"cut"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Nigeria) To cut (hair)."
],
"tags": [
"Nigeria"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"links": [
[
"shave",
"shave"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To shave or dress the beard of."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To clip; to mow."
],
"links": [
[
"clip",
"clip"
],
[
"mow",
"mow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To clip; to mow."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to furnish with barbs",
"word": "whakaniwha"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Barbary"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of Barbary",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of Barbary.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2009 October, Laurent Roustan, “The Horse, Present since the Dawn of Time”, in Alphatrad Internationale, transl., Au Royaume du Cheval: Les Haras Nationaux du Maroc [In the Kingdom of the Horse: The National Studs of Morocco], Souyri, Aveyron, France: Editions Au fil du Temps",
"text": "However, in the last few years, the stud farms in Morocco and elsewhere in the world have rediscovered the qualities of the barb, which, in Berber tradition, remains the king of the \"fantasias\", a festival that is also becoming fashionable once again.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Barbary horse, a superior breed introduced from Barbary into Spain by the Moors."
],
"links": [
[
"Barbary",
"Barbary"
],
[
"breed",
"breed"
],
[
"Spain",
"Spain"
],
[
"Moor",
"Moor"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A blackish or dun variety of pigeon, originally brought from Barbary."
],
"links": [
[
"pigeon",
"pigeon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "barbiturate"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of barbiturate",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of barbiturate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Pharmaceutical drugs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: benzo"
},
{
"ref": "1998, Jerry Dorsman, How to Quit Drugs for Good: A Complete Self-Help Guide, New York, NY: Three Rivers Press, page 50",
"text": "The benzos, it turns out, are just as highly addicting as the barbs, but they do have a much lower potential to cause death by overdose. […] The barbs became one of the most widely abused classes of drugs in the 1960s and 1970s.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A barbiturate."
],
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"barbiturate",
"barbiturate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, pharmacology) A barbiturate."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bard"
},
"expansion": "bard",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 29",
"text": "The defensive armor with the horses of the ancient knights ... These are frequently, though improperly, stiled barbs.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Armor for a horse."
],
"links": [
[
"Armor",
"armor"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"word": "hevoshaarniska"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "loriga"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "armor for a horse — see also bard",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "barda"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)b/1 syllable",
"en:Armor",
"en:Columbids",
"en:Cyprinids",
"en:Horse tack"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bard"
},
"expansion": "bard",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Corruption of bard.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "barbing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "barbed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "barb (third-person singular simple present barbs, present participle barbing, simple past and past participle barbed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To cover a horse in armor."
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɑː(ɹ)b/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)b"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-barb.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg/En-us-barb.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/En-us-barb.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Manx adjectives",
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx masculine nouns",
"Manx nouns",
"Manx terms derived from Old Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "neuvarb"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "borb",
"4": "",
"5": "foolish, rude"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barbey",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "barbey",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "plural",
"4": "barbey",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "barbey",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": ""
},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbey, comparative barbey)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"comp": "barbey",
"pl": "barbey"
},
"expansion": "barb (plural barbey, comparative barbey)",
"name": "gv-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sharp, drastic"
],
"links": [
[
"sharp",
"sharp"
],
[
"drastic",
"drastic"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cruel, rough"
],
"links": [
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
],
[
"rough",
"rough"
]
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
{
"categories": [
"Manx adjectives",
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx masculine nouns",
"Manx nouns",
"Manx terms derived from Old Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Requests for inflections in Manx entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "borb",
"4": "",
"5": "foolish, rude"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish borb (“foolish, rude”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gv-mut-cons",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "barb",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "varb",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "marb",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"eclipsis",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"10": "",
"11": "plural",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"f1accel-form": "gen|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f5accel-form": "p",
"f5request": "1",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "barb m (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "barb m (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "gv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "b",
"2": "arb"
},
"name": "gv-mut-cons"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sharp point, javelin"
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"javelin",
"javelin"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "barb"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.