"ought" meaning in All languages combined

See ought on Wiktionary

Adverb [English]

IPA: /ɔːt/ [UK], /ɔt/ [US], /ɑt/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: en-us-ought.ogg
Rhymes: -ɔːt Etymology: From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t. Cognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂eyḱ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|oughte}} Middle English oughte, {{inh|en|ang|āhte}} Old English āhte, {{der|en|ang|āgan|t=to own, possess}} Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), {{suffix|en|owe|t}} owe + -t, {{cog|sa|ईश्वर||capable of, liable|tr=īśvará}} Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”) Head templates: {{en-adv|-}} ought (not comparable)
  1. Alternative spelling of aught; at all, to any degree. Tags: alt-of, alternative, not-comparable Alternative form of: aught (extra: at all, to any degree)
    Sense id: en-ought-en-adv-MVpiWkYq Categories (other): English terms suffixed with -t, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -t: 10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [English]

IPA: /ɔːt/ [UK], /ɔt/ [US], /ɑt/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: en-us-ought.ogg Forms: oughts [plural]
Rhymes: -ɔːt Etymology: From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t. Cognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂eyḱ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|oughte}} Middle English oughte, {{inh|en|ang|āhte}} Old English āhte, {{der|en|ang|āgan|t=to own, possess}} Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), {{suffix|en|owe|t}} owe + -t, {{cog|sa|ईश्वर||capable of, liable|tr=īśvará}} Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} ought (plural oughts)
  1. A statement of what ought to be the case as contrasted with what is the case. Related terms: aught, naught, nought
    Sense id: en-ought-en-noun-0vdI6rQz Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English pronouns, English terms suffixed with -t, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English pronouns, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12 Disambiguation of English pronouns: 9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -t: 10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0 Disambiguation of Middle English pronouns: 5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [English]

Forms: oughts [plural]
Head templates: {{en-noun}} ought (plural oughts)
  1. Alternative spelling of aught; cipher, zero, nought. Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: aught (extra: cipher, zero, nought) Categories (topical): Zero
    Sense id: en-ought-en-noun-K~xRWYYD Disambiguation of Zero: 13 12 19 13 3 9 9 12 10
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Pronoun [English]

IPA: /ɔːt/ [UK], /ɔt/ [US], /ɑt/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: en-us-ought.ogg
Rhymes: -ɔːt Etymology: From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t. Cognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂eyḱ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|oughte}} Middle English oughte, {{inh|en|ang|āhte}} Old English āhte, {{der|en|ang|āgan|t=to own, possess}} Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), {{suffix|en|owe|t}} owe + -t, {{cog|sa|ईश्वर||capable of, liable|tr=īśvará}} Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”) Head templates: {{head|en|pronoun|||||||||||||||||||head=}} ought, {{en-pron}} ought
  1. Alternative spelling of aught; anything Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: aught (extra: anything)
    Sense id: en-ought-en-pron-FU5uhxom Categories (other): Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Portuguese translations Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [English]

IPA: /ɔːt/ [UK], /ɔt/ [US], /ɑt/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: en-us-ought.ogg
Rhymes: -ɔːt Etymology: From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t. Cognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂eyḱ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|oughte}} Middle English oughte, {{inh|en|ang|āhte}} Old English āhte, {{der|en|ang|āgan|t=to own, possess}} Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), {{suffix|en|owe|t}} owe + -t, {{cog|sa|ईश्वर||capable of, liable|tr=īśvará}} Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”) Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} ought
  1. (obsolete) simple past of owe Tags: form-of, obsolete, past Form of: owe
    Sense id: en-ought-en-verb-l~SLvX5p
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [English]

IPA: /ɔːt/ [UK], /ɔt/ [US], /ɑt/ [cot-caught-merger] Audio: en-us-ought.ogg
Rhymes: -ɔːt Etymology: From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t. Cognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂eyḱ-}}, {{inh|en|enm|oughte}} Middle English oughte, {{inh|en|ang|āhte}} Old English āhte, {{der|en|ang|āgan|t=to own, possess}} Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), {{suffix|en|owe|t}} owe + -t, {{cog|sa|ईश्वर||capable of, liable|tr=īśvará}} Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”) Head templates: {{head|en|verb}} ought
  1. (auxiliary) Indicating duty or obligation. Tags: auxiliary Translations (indicating duty or obligation): ὀφείλω (opheílō) (Ancient Greek), паві́нен (pavínjen) [masculine, predicative] (Belarusian), паві́нна (pavínna) [feminine, neuter] (Belarusian), паві́нны (pavínny) [plural] (Belarusian), burde (Danish), moeten (Dutch), behoren (Dutch), devi (Esperanto), pitää (Finnish), tulla (Finnish), kuulua (Finnish), devoir (French), deber (Galician), ter de (Galician), sollen (German), θα έπρεπε (tha éprepe) (Greek), όφειλε (ófeile) (Greek), kell (Hungarian), dovere (Italian), គួរតែ (kuə tae) (Khmer), dēbeō (Latin), dejaś (Lower Sorbian), dever (Occitan), deure (Occitan), باید (bâyad) (Persian), powinien [imperfective] (Polish), dever (Portuguese), до́лжен (dólžen) (Russian), обя́зан (objázan) (Russian), trebati [imperfective, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), morati [imperfective, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), deber (Spanish), borde (Swedish), пови́нен (povýnen) (Ukrainian), зобов'я́заний (zobovʺjázanyj) (Ukrainian), му́сить (músytʹ) (Ukrainian), cần (Vietnamese), phải (Vietnamese), dylu (Welsh), זאָלן (zoln) (Yiddish)
    Sense id: en-ought-en-verb-4LdrP3VU Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English pronouns, English terms suffixed with -t, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English pronouns, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12 Disambiguation of English pronouns: 9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -t: 10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0 Disambiguation of Middle English pronouns: 5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14 Disambiguation of 'indicating duty or obligation': 81 6 7 6
  2. (auxiliary) Indicating advisability or prudence. Tags: auxiliary Translations (indicating advisability or prudence): burde (Danish), pitää (Finnish), devoir (French), sollen (German), πρέπει (prépei) (Greek), kellene (Hungarian), jobb lenne (Hungarian), érdemes lenne (Hungarian), dovere (Italian), dēbeō (Latin), بهتر بودن (behtar budan) (Persian), باید (bâyad) (Persian), powinien [imperfective] (Polish), dever (Portuguese), сле́довать (slédovatʹ) [imperfective, with-subjunctive] (Russian), ну́жно (núžno) (Russian), быть (bytʹ) [with-subjunctive] (Russian), trebati [imperfective, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), deber (Spanish), borde (Swedish), слід (slid) (Ukrainian), ва́рто (várto) (Ukrainian), dylu (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-ought-en-verb-v~7qgJIn Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English pronouns, English terms suffixed with -t, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English pronouns, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12 Disambiguation of English pronouns: 9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -t: 10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0 Disambiguation of Middle English pronouns: 5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14 Disambiguation of 'indicating advisability or prudence': 5 82 7 5
  3. (auxiliary) Indicating desirability. Tags: auxiliary Translations (indicating desirability): burde (Danish), pitää (Finnish), devoir (French), sollen (German), kellene (Hungarian), kéne (Hungarian), -hatna (Hungarian), -hetne (Hungarian), powinien [imperfective] (Polish), dever (Portuguese), сле́довать (slédovatʹ) [imperfective, with-subjunctive] (Russian), ну́жно (núžno) (Russian), жела́тельно (želátelʹno) (Russian), trebati [imperfective, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), deber (Spanish), borde (Swedish), слід (slid) (Ukrainian), ва́рто (várto) (Ukrainian), dylu (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-ought-en-verb-NPS-TaOC Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English pronouns, English terms suffixed with -t, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English pronouns, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Terms with Welsh translations, Terms with Yiddish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12 Disambiguation of English pronouns: 9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -t: 10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0 Disambiguation of Middle English pronouns: 5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 8 17 8 3 14 14 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 7 17 7 4 15 13 24 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 8 17 7 5 15 13 21 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 9 16 9 5 14 12 23 12 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 9 16 9 5 15 12 20 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 7 18 6 3 15 14 23 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Khmer translations: 11 15 11 5 14 12 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 7 18 6 3 15 14 23 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Occitan translations: 8 16 8 5 15 13 21 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 9 16 9 5 15 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 7 18 6 3 15 14 23 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Yiddish translations: 8 17 8 5 15 13 21 13 Disambiguation of 'indicating desirability': 8 8 77 8
  4. (auxiliary) Indicating likelihood or probability. Tags: auxiliary Translations (indicating likelihood or probability): burde (Danish), pitää [with-conditional] (Finnish), devoir [with-conditional] (French), sollen (German), bizonyára (Hungarian), dovere [conditional] (Italian), باید (bâyad) (Persian), powinien [imperfective] (Polish), dever (Portuguese), мочь (močʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), вероя́тно (verojátno) (Russian), предположи́тельно (predpoložítelʹno) (Russian), скоре́е всего́ (skoréje vsevó) (Russian), trebati [imperfective, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), morati [imperfective, perfective] (Serbo-Croatian), deber (Spanish), borde (Swedish), мабу́ть (mabútʹ) (Ukrainian), пе́вно (pévno) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-ought-en-verb-2EAZpSM6 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English pronouns, English terms suffixed with -t, Entries with translation boxes, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English pronouns, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Lower Sorbian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12 Disambiguation of English pronouns: 9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -t: 10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0 Disambiguation of Middle English pronouns: 5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Lower Sorbian translations: 7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14 Disambiguation of 'indicating likelihood or probability': 5 5 7 82
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: should (english: In all senses), be supposed to Derived forms: hadn't ought, had ought, is-ought problem, no better than one ought to be, ought-not-ness, there ought to be a law Related terms: ought to
Etymology number: 1

Pronoun [Middle English]

IPA: /ɔu̯xt/, /au̯xt/
Etymology: From Old English āht, ōht, shortening of āwiht, ōwiht. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|āht}} Old English āht Head templates: {{head|enm|pronoun}} ought
  1. anything, everything
    Sense id: en-ought-enm-pron-i4B2mlY0
  2. something
    Sense id: en-ought-enm-pron-P8m2iUWd
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ouȝt, eawiht, aht, aught, auht, aut

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "oughte"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
        "t": "to own, possess"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āgan (“to own, possess”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "owe",
        "3": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "owe + -t",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ईश्वर",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable of, liable",
        "tr": "īśvará"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "ought",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Luke vij:[41], folio lxxxvj, recto:",
          "text": "There was a certayne lender / which had two detters / the one ought five hondred pence / and the other fifty.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Friendship”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 90:",
          "text": "[…]witneſſe Ariſtippus, who being vrged with the affection he ought his children, as proceeding from his loynes, began to ſpeake and ſpit[…].",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "owe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past of owe"
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-verb-l~SLvX5p",
      "links": [
        [
          "owe",
          "owe#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) simple past of owe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "obsolete",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg/En-us-ought.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "aught"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hadn't ought"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "had ought"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "is-ought problem"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "no better than one ought to be"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ought-not-ness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "there ought to be a law"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "oughte"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
        "t": "to own, possess"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āgan (“to own, possess”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "owe",
        "3": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "owe + -t",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ईश्वर",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable of, liable",
        "tr": "īśvará"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "ought",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ought to"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -t",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I ought to vote in the coming election.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating duty or obligation."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-verb-4LdrP3VU",
      "links": [
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ],
        [
          "obligation",
          "obligation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating duty or obligation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "pavínjen",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "predicative"
          ],
          "word": "паві́нен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "pavínna",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "паві́нна"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "pavínny",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "паві́нны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "burde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "moeten"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "behoren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "devi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "pitää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "tulla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "kuulua"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "devoir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "deber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "ter de"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "sollen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "tha éprepe",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "θα έπρεπε"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "ófeile",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "όφειλε"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "opheílō",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "ὀφείλω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "kell"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "dovere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "kuə tae",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "គួរតែ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "dēbeō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "note": "Use gerundive",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "dever"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "deure"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bâyad",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "باید"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "powinien"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "dever"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "dólžen",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "до́лжен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "objázan",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "обя́зан"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "trebati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "morati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "dsb",
          "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "dejaś"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "deber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "borde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "povýnen",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "пови́нен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "zobovʺjázanyj",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "зобов'я́заний"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "músytʹ",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "му́сить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "cần"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "phải"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "dylu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "81 6 7 6",
          "code": "yi",
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "roman": "zoln",
          "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
          "word": "זאָלן"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -t",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "You ought to stand back from the edge of the platform.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating advisability or prudence."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-verb-v~7qgJIn",
      "links": [
        [
          "advisability",
          "advisability"
        ],
        [
          "prudence",
          "prudence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating advisability or prudence."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "burde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "pitää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "devoir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "sollen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "prépei",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "πρέπει"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "kellene"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "jobb lenne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "érdemes lenne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "dovere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "dēbeō"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "note": "Use gerundive",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "behtar budan",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "بهتر بودن"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bâyad",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "باید"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "powinien"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "dever"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "slédovatʹ",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "with-subjunctive"
          ],
          "word": "сле́довать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "núžno",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "ну́жно"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bytʹ",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "tags": [
            "with-subjunctive"
          ],
          "word": "быть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "note": "+ неплохо (neploxo) or хорошо (xorošo)",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "trebati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "deber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "borde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "slid",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "слід"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "várto",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "ва́рто"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 82 7 5",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
          "word": "dylu"
        }
      ]
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          "_dis": "6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13",
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13",
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          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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          "_dis": "9 16 9 5 15 12 20 14",
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          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
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        },
        {
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 5 15 13 21 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 16 9 5 15 12 20 13",
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          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12",
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          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
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          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
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          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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        },
        {
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          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13",
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          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 16 9 5 15 13 20 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 17 8 5 15 13 21 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "He ought to read the book; it was very good.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating desirability."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-verb-NPS-TaOC",
      "links": [
        [
          "desirability",
          "desirability"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating desirability."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "burde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "pitää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "devoir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "sollen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "kellene"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "kéne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "-hatna"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "-hetne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "note": "Use gerundive",
          "sense": "indicating desirability"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "powinien"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "dever"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "slédovatʹ",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "with-subjunctive"
          ],
          "word": "сле́довать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "núžno",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "ну́жно"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "želátelʹno",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "жела́тельно"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "trebati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "deber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "borde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "slid",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "слід"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "várto",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "ва́рто"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 8 77 8",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "indicating desirability",
          "word": "dylu"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "We ought to arrive by noon if we take the motorway.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter III, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating likelihood or probability."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-verb-2EAZpSM6",
      "links": [
        [
          "likelihood",
          "likelihood"
        ],
        [
          "probability",
          "probability"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating likelihood or probability."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "burde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "with-conditional"
          ],
          "word": "pitää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "with-conditional"
          ],
          "word": "devoir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "sollen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "bizonyára"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "conditional"
          ],
          "word": "dovere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "bâyad",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "باید"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "powinien"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "dever"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "močʹ",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "мочь"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "verojátno",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "вероя́тно"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "predpoložítelʹno",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "предположи́тельно"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "skoréje vsevó",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "скоре́е всего́"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "trebati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "morati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "deber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "borde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "mabútʹ",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "мабу́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 5 7 82",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "pévno",
          "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
          "word": "пе́вно"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg/En-us-ought.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "aught"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "In all senses",
      "word": "should"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "be supposed to"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "oughte"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
        "t": "to own, possess"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āgan (“to own, possess”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "owe",
        "3": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "owe + -t",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ईश्वर",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable of, liable",
        "tr": "īśvará"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "20": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ought",
      "name": "head"
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    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ought",
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "anything",
          "word": "aught"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1658, Joseph Hall, The Devout Soul, Or, Rules of Heavenly Devotion Also the Free Prisoner, Or, the Comfort of Restraint:",
          "text": "Is it a small benefit, that I am placed there […] where I see no drunken comessations, no rebellious routs, no violent oppressions, no obscene rejoicings, nor ought else that might either vex or affright my soul?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of aught; anything"
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-pron-FU5uhxom",
      "links": [
        [
          "aught",
          "aught#English"
        ],
        [
          "anything",
          "anything"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
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    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
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      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg/En-us-ought.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg"
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}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
      },
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      "name": "root"
    },
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        "3": "oughte"
      },
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      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
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    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
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      "name": "der"
    },
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        "3": "t"
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      "expansion": "owe + -t",
      "name": "suffix"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ईश्वर",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable of, liable",
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      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "ought (not comparable)",
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    }
  ],
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adv",
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    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "at all, to any degree",
          "word": "aught"
        }
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      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -t",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of aught; at all, to any degree."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-adv-MVpiWkYq",
      "links": [
        [
          "aught",
          "aught#English"
        ],
        [
          "at all",
          "at all"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
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    },
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      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
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    },
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      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
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}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
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      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
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      "args": {
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        "3": "oughte"
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      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
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    },
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
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        "2": "ang",
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      "name": "der"
    },
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        "2": "owe",
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      },
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    {
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        "4": "capable of, liable",
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      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
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      "form": "oughts",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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    }
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  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {},
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 21 8 7 3 11 11 18 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 17 9 3 14 17 18 13",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 17 10 4 14 12 20 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -t",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 29 4 3 11 10 27 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 7 3 13 13 17 13 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 14 5 5 2 16 14 19 15 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "6 18 5 5 3 14 14 19 14 3 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 3 3 2 14 14 21 14 2 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 14 11 9 15 11 17 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 21 5 3 15 13 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 20 7 4 14 12 23 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 21 6 3 14 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 17 7 4 15 13 21 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 17 6 4 16 14 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 16 9 6 15 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 11 5 14 12 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 18 6 3 16 14 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 19 8 5 14 12 20 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 18 7 4 15 13 22 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1996, Mortimer Jerome Adler, The Time of Our Lives: The Ethics of Common Sense:",
          "text": "There are value judgments that are not reducible to observable matters of fact, and there are oughts that cannot be construed as hypothetical and, therefore, cannot be converted into statements of fact.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004, Jacques Maritain, John G. Trapani, Truth Matters: Essays in Honor of Jacques Maritain:",
          "text": "Is there a fallacy involved in deriving an ought from a set of exclusively factual or descriptive premises?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A statement of what ought to be the case as contrasted with what is the case."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-noun-0vdI6rQz",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "aught"
        },
        {
          "word": "naught"
        },
        {
          "word": "nought"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg/En-us-ought.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "aught"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oughts",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ought (plural oughts)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "cipher, zero, nought",
          "word": "aught"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 12 19 13 3 9 9 12 10",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Zero",
          "orig": "en:Zero",
          "parents": [
            "Numbers",
            "All topics",
            "Terms by semantic function",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, “Nicholas and His Uncle (to Secure the Fortune Without Loss of Time) Wait upon Mr. Wackford Squeers, the Yorkshire Schoolmaster”, in The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 24:",
          "text": "I go back at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and have got only three—three oughts an ought—three twos six—sixty pound.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of aught; cipher, zero, nought."
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-en-noun-K~xRWYYD",
      "links": [
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          "aught#English"
        ],
        [
          "cipher",
          "cipher"
        ],
        [
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          "zero"
        ],
        [
          "nought",
          "nought"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

{
  "descendants": [
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      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
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          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "ought",
            "3": "aught",
            "4": "owt"
          },
          "expansion": "English: ought, aught, owt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: ought, aught, owt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "ocht"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: ocht",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: ocht"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "aught",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: aught, aaght",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: aught, aaght"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āht"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āht",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English āht, ōht, shortening of āwiht, ōwiht.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun"
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      "expansion": "ought",
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  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "anything, everything"
      ],
      "id": "en-ought-enm-pron-i4B2mlY0",
      "links": [
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          "anything",
          "anything"
        ],
        [
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          "everything"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
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      ],
      "id": "en-ought-enm-pron-P8m2iUWd",
      "links": [
        [
          "something",
          "something"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔu̯xt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/au̯xt/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ouȝt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "eawiht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "aht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "aught"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "auht"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "aut"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "English countable nouns",
    "English defective verbs",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English modal verbs",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English pronouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eyḱ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -t",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncomparable adverbs",
    "English verb forms",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English pronouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːt",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːt/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "en:Zero"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "oughte"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
        "t": "to own, possess"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āgan (“to own, possess”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "owe",
        "3": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "owe + -t",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ईश्वर",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable of, liable",
        "tr": "īśvará"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "ought",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Luke vij:[41], folio lxxxvj, recto:",
          "text": "There was a certayne lender / which had two detters / the one ought five hondred pence / and the other fifty.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1603, Michel de Montaigne, “Of Friendship”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book I, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 90:",
          "text": "[…]witneſſe Ariſtippus, who being vrged with the affection he ought his children, as proceeding from his loynes, began to ſpeake and ſpit[…].",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "owe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past of owe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "owe",
          "owe#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) simple past of owe"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "obsolete",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg/En-us-ought.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "aught"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adverbs",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English defective verbs",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English modal verbs",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English pronouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eyḱ-",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -t",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncomparable adverbs",
    "English verb forms",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English pronouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːt",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːt/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "en:Zero"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "hadn't ought"
    },
    {
      "word": "had ought"
    },
    {
      "word": "is-ought problem"
    },
    {
      "word": "no better than one ought to be"
    },
    {
      "word": "ought-not-ness"
    },
    {
      "word": "there ought to be a law"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "oughte"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
        "t": "to own, possess"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āgan (“to own, possess”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "owe",
        "3": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "owe + -t",
      "name": "suffix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ईश्वर",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable of, liable",
        "tr": "īśvará"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "ought",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ought to"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English auxiliary verbs",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I ought to vote in the coming election.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating duty or obligation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ],
        [
          "obligation",
          "obligation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating duty or obligation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English auxiliary verbs",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "You ought to stand back from the edge of the platform.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating advisability or prudence."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "advisability",
          "advisability"
        ],
        [
          "prudence",
          "prudence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating advisability or prudence."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English auxiliary verbs",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "He ought to read the book; it was very good.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating desirability."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "desirability",
          "desirability"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating desirability."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English auxiliary verbs",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "We ought to arrive by noon if we take the motorway.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter III, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:",
          "text": "My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Indicating likelihood or probability."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "likelihood",
          "likelihood"
        ],
        [
          "probability",
          "probability"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(auxiliary) Indicating likelihood or probability."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːt"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
      "tags": [
        "cot-caught-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-ought.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg/En-us-ought.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/En-us-ought.ogg"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "aught"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "In all senses",
      "word": "should"
    },
    {
      "word": "be supposed to"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "pavínjen",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "predicative"
      ],
      "word": "паві́нен"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "pavínna",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "паві́нна"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "pavínny",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "паві́нны"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "burde"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "moeten"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "behoren"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "devi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "pitää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "tulla"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "kuulua"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "devoir"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "deber"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "ter de"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "sollen"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "tha éprepe",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "θα έπρεπε"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "ófeile",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "όφειλε"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "opheílō",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "ὀφείλω"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "kell"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "dovere"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "kuə tae",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "គួរតែ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "dēbeō"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "note": "Use gerundive",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "dever"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "deure"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bâyad",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "باید"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "powinien"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "dever"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "dólžen",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "до́лжен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "objázan",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "обя́зан"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "trebati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "morati"
    },
    {
      "code": "dsb",
      "lang": "Lower Sorbian",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "dejaś"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "deber"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "borde"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "povýnen",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "пови́нен"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "zobovʺjázanyj",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "зобов'я́заний"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "músytʹ",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "му́сить"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "cần"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "phải"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "dylu"
    },
    {
      "code": "yi",
      "lang": "Yiddish",
      "roman": "zoln",
      "sense": "indicating duty or obligation",
      "word": "זאָלן"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "burde"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "pitää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "devoir"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "sollen"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "prépei",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "πρέπει"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "kellene"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "jobb lenne"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "érdemes lenne"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "dovere"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "dēbeō"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "note": "Use gerundive",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "behtar budan",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "بهتر بودن"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bâyad",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "باید"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "powinien"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "dever"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "slédovatʹ",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "with-subjunctive"
      ],
      "word": "сле́довать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "núžno",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "ну́жно"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bytʹ",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "tags": [
        "with-subjunctive"
      ],
      "word": "быть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "note": "+ неплохо (neploxo) or хорошо (xorošo)",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "trebati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "deber"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "borde"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "slid",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "слід"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "várto",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "ва́рто"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "indicating advisability or prudence",
      "word": "dylu"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "burde"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "pitää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "devoir"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "sollen"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "kellene"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "kéne"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "-hatna"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "-hetne"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "note": "Use gerundive",
      "sense": "indicating desirability"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "powinien"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "dever"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "slédovatʹ",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "with-subjunctive"
      ],
      "word": "сле́довать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "núžno",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "ну́жно"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "želátelʹno",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "жела́тельно"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "trebati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "deber"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "borde"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "slid",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "слід"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "várto",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "ва́рто"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "indicating desirability",
      "word": "dylu"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "burde"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "with-conditional"
      ],
      "word": "pitää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "with-conditional"
      ],
      "word": "devoir"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "sollen"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "bizonyára"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ],
      "word": "dovere"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "bâyad",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "باید"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "powinien"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "dever"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "močʹ",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "мочь"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "verojátno",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "вероя́тно"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "predpoložítelʹno",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "предположи́тельно"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "skoréje vsevó",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "скоре́е всего́"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "trebati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "morati"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "deber"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "borde"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "mabútʹ",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "мабу́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "pévno",
      "sense": "indicating likelihood or probability",
      "word": "пе́вно"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

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    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
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    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "en:Zero"
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  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "2": "enm",
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      },
      "expansion": "Middle English oughte",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āhte"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āhte",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āgan",
        "t": "to own, possess"
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      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "owe",
        "3": "t"
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      "expansion": "owe + -t",
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      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
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        "3": "",
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      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "20": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
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        "head": ""
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      "expansion": "ought",
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      "args": {},
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  "lang_code": "en",
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        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
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          "ref": "1658, Joseph Hall, The Devout Soul, Or, Rules of Heavenly Devotion Also the Free Prisoner, Or, the Comfort of Restraint:",
          "text": "Is it a small benefit, that I am placed there […] where I see no drunken comessations, no rebellious routs, no violent oppressions, no obscene rejoicings, nor ought else that might either vex or affright my soul?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
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          "anything",
          "anything"
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        "alternative"
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    }
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      "ipa": "/ɔːt/",
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      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
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      "ipa": "/ɑt/",
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    "English nouns",
    "English pronouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
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    "English terms suffixed with -t",
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    "English uncomparable adverbs",
    "English verb forms",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
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    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English pronouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːt",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːt/1 syllable",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "Terms with Yiddish translations",
    "en:Zero"
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      "args": {
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      "args": {
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      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
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      ],
      "links": [
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          "aught",
          "aught#English"
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          "at all",
          "at all"
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      ],
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        "not-comparable"
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      "homophone": "aught"
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}

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    "English terms derived from Old English",
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    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
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    "English verbs",
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    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
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    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Khmer translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
    "Terms with Occitan translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
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    "en:Zero"
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        "1": "en",
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      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English oughte, aughte, aȝte, ahte, from Old English āhte, first and third person singular past tense of Old English āgan (“to own, possess”), equivalent to owe + -t.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईश्वर (īśvará, “capable of, liable”).",
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      "form": "oughts",
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    },
    {
      "word": "nought"
    }
  ],
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      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
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        {
          "ref": "1996, Mortimer Jerome Adler, The Time of Our Lives: The Ethics of Common Sense:",
          "text": "There are value judgments that are not reducible to observable matters of fact, and there are oughts that cannot be construed as hypothetical and, therefore, cannot be converted into statements of fact.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004, Jacques Maritain, John G. Trapani, Truth Matters: Essays in Honor of Jacques Maritain:",
          "text": "Is there a fallacy involved in deriving an ought from a set of exclusively factual or descriptive premises?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
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        "A statement of what ought to be the case as contrasted with what is the case."
      ]
    }
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    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔt/",
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      "homophone": "aught"
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}

{
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    "English defective verbs",
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    "English lemmas",
    "English modal verbs",
    "English nouns",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English pronouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "en:Zero"
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  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "oughts",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ought (plural oughts)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "cipher, zero, nought",
          "word": "aught"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1838 March – 1839 October, Charles Dickens, “Nicholas and His Uncle (to Secure the Fortune Without Loss of Time) Wait upon Mr. Wackford Squeers, the Yorkshire Schoolmaster”, in The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 24:",
          "text": "I go back at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and have got only three—three oughts an ought—three twos six—sixty pound.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative spelling of aught; cipher, zero, nought."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "aught",
          "aught#English"
        ],
        [
          "cipher",
          "cipher"
        ],
        [
          "zero",
          "zero"
        ],
        [
          "nought",
          "nought"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English pronouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "ought",
            "3": "aught",
            "4": "owt"
          },
          "expansion": "English: ought, aught, owt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: ought, aught, owt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "ocht"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: ocht",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: ocht"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "aught",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: aught, aaght",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: aught, aaght"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "āht"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āht",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English āht, ōht, shortening of āwiht, ōwiht.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "pronoun"
      },
      "expansion": "ought",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "anything, everything"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anything",
          "anything"
        ],
        [
          "everything",
          "everything"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "something"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "something",
          "something"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔu̯xt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/au̯xt/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "ouȝt"
    },
    {
      "word": "eawiht"
    },
    {
      "word": "aht"
    },
    {
      "word": "aught"
    },
    {
      "word": "auht"
    },
    {
      "word": "aut"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ought"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ought meaning in All languages combined (37.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.