See owe on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for owe meaning in All languages combined (26.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "how much do I owe you"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "owe it to oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "owe out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "owe someone one"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "the world owes one a living"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "to what do I owe the pleasure"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "owen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English owen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English āgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aigan",
"t": "to own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to own”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₂óyḱe",
"t": "to possess, own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe (“to possess, own”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂eyḱ-",
"t": "to own"
},
"expansion": "*h₂eyḱ- (“to own”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "own"
},
"expansion": "own",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ought"
},
"expansion": "ought",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ईष्टे",
"3": "",
"t": "to own, possess"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ईष्टे (īṣṭe, “to own, possess”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English owen, from Old English āgan, from Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to own”), from Proto-Germanic *aiganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe (“to possess, own”), reduplicated stative of *h₂eyḱ- (“to own”). See also own, ought.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईष्टे (īṣṭe, “to own, possess”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "owes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "owing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "owed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ought",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "owed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "own",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "ought",
"past2_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "own",
"past_ptc2_qual": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "owe (third-person singular simple present owes, present participle owing, simple past owed or (archaic) ought, past participle owed or (archaic) own)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I owe Kevin five bucks which he lent to me last week.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "This time I'll cover for you, but now you owe me a favour.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone."
],
"id": "en-owe-en-verb-FVnzUfoh",
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone."
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bycʹ u abavjázku",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быць у абавя́зку"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "músicʹ",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "му́сіць"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bycʹ pavínjen",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быць паві́нен"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadǎlžen sǎm",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "задължен съм"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "deure"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "schuldig zijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "ŝuldi"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "olla velkaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "schulden"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "schuldig sein"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "skulan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chrostáo",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "χρωστάω"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chrostó",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "χρωστώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khav",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "חב"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hayá khayáv",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "היה חייב"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "debar"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "with subject and object reversed",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "bí ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dovere"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dēbeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "sċulan"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "madyun budan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "مدیون بودن"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bedehkâr budan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "بدهکار بودن"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "być zobowiązany"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zawdzięczać"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "datora"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ dólžnym",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть до́лжным"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ objázannym",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть обя́занным"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ v dolgú",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть в долгу́"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dolgovati"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "adeudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "vara skyldig"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výnen",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ви́нен"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výnna",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́нна"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výnni",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ви́нні"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "búty výnnym",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бу́ти ви́нним"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "músyty",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "му́сити"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "povýnnyj",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"predicative"
],
"word": "пови́нний"
},
{
"_dis1": "91 4 5",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "deyndarey"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 89 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have debt; to be in debt."
],
"id": "en-owe-en-verb-7bPiPxsj",
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have debt; to be in debt."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zavinavácicca",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "завінава́ціцца"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zapazýčycca",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запазы́чыцца"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bycʹ ŭ daŭhú",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быць ў даўгу́"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎlža",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "дължа"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "deure"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "him³",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiàn",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠債"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiànzhài",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠债"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dlužit"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "skylde"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "schuldig zijn"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "olla velkaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "olla veloissa"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "schulden"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "schuldig sein"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "skulan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "opheílō",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "ὀφείλω"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hayá khayáv",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "היה חייב"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "tartozik"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "with subject and object reversed",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "bí ar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dovere"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "essere in debito"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"alt": "かりがある",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kari ga aru",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "借りがある"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"alt": "おう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ou",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "負う"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bitjigo itda",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "빚지고 있다"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dēbeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "berhutang"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "skylde"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bedehkâr budan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "بدهکار بودن"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "mieć dług"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "być winnym"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "winić"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "datora"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dólžen",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "до́лжен"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžná",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "должна́"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžný",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "должны́"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ dólžnym",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть до́лжным"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ v dolgú",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть в долгу́"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadolžátʹ",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "задолжа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "дуго̀вати"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "dugòvati"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dolgovati"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "estar en deuda"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "adeudar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "vara skyldig"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 99 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "borçlu olmak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The record owes its success to the outstanding guitar solos.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have as a cause; used with to."
],
"id": "en-owe-en-verb-rx3JNpgB",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To have as a cause; used with to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əʊ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "o"
},
{
"homophone": "oh"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-owe.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-owe.ogg/En-us-owe.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-us-owe.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ō"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tmb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Avava",
"lang_code": "tmb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Avava entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Avava terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"id": "en-owe-tmb-noun-D0FoSQ44",
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "abhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German abhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "abehin"
},
"expansion": "abehin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "å"
},
"expansion": "å",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "hi"
},
"expansion": "hi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "abhin"
},
"expansion": "German abhin",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German abhin, abehin, equivalent to å + hi. Compare archaic German abhin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "bar-adverb"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "auffe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "East Central Bavarian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards (direction away from the speaker)"
],
"id": "en-owe-bar-adv-cV4aWNCT",
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Central Bavarian) down, downwards (direction away from the speaker)"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "owa"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "owi"
},
{
"word": "noi"
}
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɔːβɛ/"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "yow"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of yow"
],
"id": "en-owe-enm-pron-njv5GBgv",
"links": [
[
"yow",
"yow#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"o‧we"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ów"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonvirile nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ów"
],
"id": "en-owe-pl-pron-ldlQ3mpA",
"links": [
[
"ów",
"ów#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɔ.vɛ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvɛ"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "ò-",
"3": "wé",
"lit": "That which wraps something around something else (another meaning)",
"t1": "nominalizing prefix",
"t2": "to wrap, to twist"
},
"expansion": "ò- (“nominalizing prefix”) + wé (“to wrap, to twist”), literally “That which wraps something around something else (another meaning)”",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Folk etymology explains that it comes from ò- (“nominalizing prefix”) + wé (“to wrap, to twist”), literally “That which wraps something around something else (another meaning)”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "òwe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "noun",
"head": "òwe",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "òwe",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "òwe",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "òwe",
"name": "yo-pos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "òwe"
},
"expansion": "òwe",
"name": "yo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yoruba",
"lang_code": "yo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yoruba terms prefixed with o-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"proverb, adage, saying"
],
"id": "en-owe-yo-noun-sRKITWSV",
"links": [
[
"proverb",
"proverb"
],
[
"adage",
"adage"
],
[
"saying",
"saying"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ò.wē/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "òghe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Ekiti"
],
"word": "òe"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "igl",
"2": "ògè"
},
"expansion": "Igala ògè",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare with Igala ògè",
"forms": [
{
"form": "òwè",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "noun",
"head": "òwè",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "òwè",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "òwè",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "òwè",
"name": "yo-pos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "òwè"
},
"expansion": "òwè",
"name": "yo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yoruba",
"lang_code": "yo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 93",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "yo",
"name": "Primates",
"orig": "yo:Primates",
"parents": [
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "yo",
"name": "Rhetoric",
"orig": "yo:Rhetoric",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bí alákẹdun rọ̀"
},
{
"word": "tó fọwọ́ ṣẹ́"
},
{
"english": "If the colobus monkey breaks its arm while suspended from a tree, Collard mangabeys will be scooped off the place by the basketful",
"word": "agbọ̀n la ó fi kó ọmọ òwè níbẹ̀"
},
{
"english": "the death that killed the Collared mangabey sends a proverbial message to the colobus monkey",
"word": "ikú tó pa òwè ń pòwe fún ẹdun"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a species of black monkey; (in particular) Collared mangabey"
],
"id": "en-owe-yo-noun-XGYgLU6e",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"monkey",
"monkey"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Ondo",
"word": "òghè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ekiti"
],
"word": "òè"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ò.wè/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "òghe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Ekiti"
],
"word": "òe"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*öə"
},
"expansion": "*öə",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Samoyedic: ? *öə"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nio",
"2": "ӈуа"
},
"expansion": "Nganasan: ӈуа",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "19th century"
},
"expansion": "(19th century)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nio",
"tr": "ŋoa"
},
"expansion": "[script needed] (ŋoa)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Nganasan: ӈуа, (19th century) [script needed] (ŋoa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugric:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-pro",
"2": "*ī̮wi̮"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mansi: *ī̮wi̮",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mansi: *ī̮wi̮"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "а̄ви"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi: а̄ви (āwi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Mansi: а̄ви (āwi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khanty:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kca-nor",
"2": "ов"
},
"expansion": "Northern Khanty: ов (ow)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Khanty: ов (ow)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ovi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *ovi",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *ovi (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/owe",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"door"
],
"id": "en-owe-urj-pro-noun-JTTi3h3s",
"links": [
[
"door",
"door"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mih",
"2": "uva"
},
"expansion": "Chayuco Mixtec: uva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chayuco Mixtec: uva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xtm",
"2": "uwa",
"3": "uva"
},
"expansion": "Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: uwa, uva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: uwa, uva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mjc",
"2": "uva",
"alt": "ùvà"
},
"expansion": "San Juan Colorado Mixtec: ùvà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "San Juan Colorado Mixtec: ùvà"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mig",
"2": "uā"
},
"expansion": "San Miguel el Grande Mixtec: uā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "San Miguel el Grande Mixtec: uā"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "omq-tel",
"2": "huvua"
},
"expansion": "Teposcolula Mixtec: huvua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Teposcolula Mixtec: huvua"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mxb",
"2": "ova̱"
},
"expansion": "Tezoatlán Mixtec: ova̱",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tezoatlán Mixtec: ova̱"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mpm",
"2": "ugua"
},
"expansion": "Yosondúa Mixtec: ugua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yosondúa Mixtec: ugua"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "omq-mxt-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mixtec",
"lang_code": "omq-mxt-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mixtec/owe",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Mixtec entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitter"
],
"id": "en-owe-omq-mxt-pro-adj-u-jpUx4B",
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tmb",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Avava",
"lang_code": "tmb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Avava entries with incorrect language header",
"Avava lemmas",
"Avava nouns",
"Avava terms in nonstandard scripts"
],
"glosses": [
"water"
],
"links": [
[
"water",
"water"
]
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "abhin"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German abhin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "abehin"
},
"expansion": "abehin",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "å"
},
"expansion": "å",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "hi"
},
"expansion": "hi",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "abhin"
},
"expansion": "German abhin",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German abhin, abehin, equivalent to å + hi. Compare archaic German abhin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "bar-adverb"
}
],
"lang": "Bavarian",
"lang_code": "bar",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "owa"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "auffe"
}
],
"categories": [
"Bavarian adverbs",
"Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bavarian lemmas",
"Bavarian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Bavarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
"East Central Bavarian"
],
"glosses": [
"down, downwards (direction away from the speaker)"
],
"links": [
[
"down",
"down"
],
[
"downwards",
"downwards"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(East Central Bavarian) down, downwards (direction away from the speaker)"
],
"tags": [
"Bavarian",
"Central",
"East"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɔːβɛ/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "owi"
},
{
"word": "noi"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eyḱ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Czech translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Macedonian translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Requests for review of Turkish translations",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "how much do I owe you"
},
{
"word": "owe it to oneself"
},
{
"word": "owe out"
},
{
"word": "owe someone one"
},
{
"word": "the world owes one a living"
},
{
"word": "to what do I owe the pleasure"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eyḱ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "owen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English owen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English āgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*aigan",
"t": "to own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to own”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂eh₂óyḱe",
"t": "to possess, own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe (“to possess, own”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂eyḱ-",
"t": "to own"
},
"expansion": "*h₂eyḱ- (“to own”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "own"
},
"expansion": "own",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ought"
},
"expansion": "ought",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ईष्टे",
"3": "",
"t": "to own, possess"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit ईष्टे (īṣṭe, “to own, possess”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English owen, from Old English āgan, from Proto-West Germanic *aigan (“to own”), from Proto-Germanic *aiganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂óyḱe (“to possess, own”), reduplicated stative of *h₂eyḱ- (“to own”). See also own, ought.\nCognate with Sanskrit ईष्टे (īṣṭe, “to own, possess”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "owes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "owing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "owed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ought",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "owed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "own",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "ought",
"past2_qual": "archaic",
"past_ptc2": "own",
"past_ptc2_qual": "archaic"
},
"expansion": "owe (third-person singular simple present owes, present participle owing, simple past owed or (archaic) ought, past participle owed or (archaic) own)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English ditransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I owe Kevin five bucks which he lent to me last week.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "This time I'll cover for you, but now you owe me a favour.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) To be under an obligation to give something back to someone or to perform some action for someone."
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To have debt; to be in debt."
],
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To have debt; to be in debt."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The record owes its success to the outstanding guitar solos.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have as a cause; used with to."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To have as a cause; used with to."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əʊ/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/oʊ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"homophone": "o"
},
{
"homophone": "oh"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-owe.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4b/En-us-owe.ogg/En-us-owe.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/En-us-owe.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"enpr": "ō"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bycʹ u abavjázku",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быць у абавя́зку"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "músicʹ",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "му́сіць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bycʹ pavínjen",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быць паві́нен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zadǎlžen sǎm",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "задължен съм"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "deure"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "schuldig zijn"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "ŝuldi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "olla velkaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "schulden"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "schuldig sein"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "skulan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chrostáo",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "χρωστάω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "chrostó",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "χρωστώ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khav",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "חב"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hayá khayáv",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "היה חייב"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "debar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "with subject and object reversed",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "bí ar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dovere"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dēbeō"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "sċulan"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "madyun budan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "مدیون بودن"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bedehkâr budan",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "بدهکار بودن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "być zobowiązany"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zawdzięczać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "datora"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ dólžnym",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть до́лжным"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ objázannym",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть обя́занным"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ v dolgú",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть в долгу́"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "dolgovati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "adeudar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"word": "vara skyldig"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výnen",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ви́нен"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výnna",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ви́нна"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "výnni",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ви́нні"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "búty výnnym",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бу́ти ви́нним"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "músyty",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "му́сити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "povýnnyj",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"predicative"
],
"word": "пови́нний"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "to be under an obligation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "deyndarey"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zavinavácicca",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "завінава́ціцца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zapazýčycca",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "запазы́чыцца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bycʹ ŭ daŭhú",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быць ў даўгу́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎlža",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "дължа"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "deure"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "him³",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiàn",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠債"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qiànzhài",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "欠债"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dlužit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "skylde"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "schuldig zijn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "olla velkaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "olla veloissa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "devoir"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "schulden"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "schuldig sein"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "skulan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "opheílō",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "ὀφείλω"
},
{
"code": "ht",
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dwe"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "hayá khayáv",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "היה חייב"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "tartozik"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "with subject and object reversed",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "bí ar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dovere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "essere in debito"
},
{
"alt": "かりがある",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kari ga aru",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "借りがある"
},
{
"alt": "おう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ou",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "負う"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bitjigo itda",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "빚지고 있다"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dēbeō"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "berhutang"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "skylde"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bedehkâr budan",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "بدهکار بودن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "mieć dług"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "być winnym"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "winić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dever"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "datora"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dólžen",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"predicative"
],
"word": "до́лжен"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžná",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "должна́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dolžný",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "должны́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ dólžnym",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть до́лжным"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bytʹ v dolgú",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "быть в долгу́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zadolžátʹ",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "задолжа́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "дуго̀вати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "dugòvati"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "dolgovati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "estar en deuda"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "deber"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "adeudar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "vara skyldig"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to be in debt",
"word": "borçlu olmak"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "yow"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English pronouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of yow"
],
"links": [
[
"yow",
"yow#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pronoun form"
},
"expansion": "owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"o‧we"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish pronoun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvɛ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔvɛ/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ów"
}
],
"glosses": [
"nonvirile nominative/accusative/vocative plural of ów"
],
"links": [
[
"ów",
"ów#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɔ.vɛ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔvɛ"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mih",
"2": "uva"
},
"expansion": "Chayuco Mixtec: uva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chayuco Mixtec: uva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xtm",
"2": "uwa",
"3": "uva"
},
"expansion": "Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: uwa, uva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: uwa, uva"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mjc",
"2": "uva",
"alt": "ùvà"
},
"expansion": "San Juan Colorado Mixtec: ùvà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "San Juan Colorado Mixtec: ùvà"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mig",
"2": "uā"
},
"expansion": "San Miguel el Grande Mixtec: uā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "San Miguel el Grande Mixtec: uā"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "omq-tel",
"2": "huvua"
},
"expansion": "Teposcolula Mixtec: huvua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Teposcolula Mixtec: huvua"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mxb",
"2": "ova̱"
},
"expansion": "Tezoatlán Mixtec: ova̱",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tezoatlán Mixtec: ova̱"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mpm",
"2": "ugua"
},
"expansion": "Yosondúa Mixtec: ugua",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yosondúa Mixtec: ugua"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "omq-mxt-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Mixtec",
"lang_code": "omq-mxt-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mixtec/owe",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Mixtec adjectives",
"Proto-Mixtec entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Mixtec lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"bitter"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter",
"bitter"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*öə"
},
"expansion": "*öə",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Samoyedic: ? *öə"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nio",
"2": "ӈуа"
},
"expansion": "Nganasan: ӈуа",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "19th century"
},
"expansion": "(19th century)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nio",
"tr": "ŋoa"
},
"expansion": "[script needed] (ŋoa)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Nganasan: ӈуа, (19th century) [script needed] (ŋoa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ugric:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-pro",
"2": "*ī̮wi̮"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mansi: *ī̮wi̮",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Mansi: *ī̮wi̮"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mns-nor",
"2": "а̄ви"
},
"expansion": "Northern Mansi: а̄ви (āwi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Mansi: а̄ви (āwi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khanty:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kca-nor",
"2": "ов"
},
"expansion": "Northern Khanty: ов (ow)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Khanty: ов (ow)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*ovi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic: *ovi",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Finnic: *ovi (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*owe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Uralic",
"lang_code": "urj-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/owe",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Uralic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Uralic lemmas",
"Proto-Uralic nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"door"
],
"links": [
[
"door",
"door"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
"Yoruba lemmas",
"Yoruba nouns",
"Yoruba terms prefixed with o-",
"Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation",
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "ò-",
"3": "wé",
"lit": "That which wraps something around something else (another meaning)",
"t1": "nominalizing prefix",
"t2": "to wrap, to twist"
},
"expansion": "ò- (“nominalizing prefix”) + wé (“to wrap, to twist”), literally “That which wraps something around something else (another meaning)”",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Folk etymology explains that it comes from ò- (“nominalizing prefix”) + wé (“to wrap, to twist”), literally “That which wraps something around something else (another meaning)”.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "òwe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "noun",
"head": "òwe",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "òwe",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "òwe",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "òwe",
"name": "yo-pos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "òwe"
},
"expansion": "òwe",
"name": "yo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yoruba",
"lang_code": "yo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proverb, adage, saying"
],
"links": [
[
"proverb",
"proverb"
],
[
"adage",
"adage"
],
[
"saying",
"saying"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ò.wē/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "òghe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ekiti"
],
"word": "òe"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Yoruba entries with incorrect language header",
"Yoruba lemmas",
"Yoruba nouns",
"Yoruba terms with IPA pronunciation",
"yo:Primates",
"yo:Rhetoric"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bí alákẹdun rọ̀"
},
{
"word": "tó fọwọ́ ṣẹ́"
},
{
"english": "If the colobus monkey breaks its arm while suspended from a tree, Collard mangabeys will be scooped off the place by the basketful",
"word": "agbọ̀n la ó fi kó ọmọ òwè níbẹ̀"
},
{
"english": "the death that killed the Collared mangabey sends a proverbial message to the colobus monkey",
"word": "ikú tó pa òwè ń pòwe fún ẹdun"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "igl",
"2": "ògè"
},
"expansion": "Igala ògè",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare with Igala ògè",
"forms": [
{
"form": "òwè",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yo",
"2": "noun",
"head": "òwè",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "òwè",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"2": "òwè",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "òwè",
"name": "yo-pos"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "òwè"
},
"expansion": "òwè",
"name": "yo-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Yoruba",
"lang_code": "yo",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a species of black monkey; (in particular) Collared mangabey"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"monkey",
"monkey"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ò.wè/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Ondo",
"word": "òghè"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ekiti"
],
"word": "òè"
},
{
"word": "òghe"
},
{
"tags": [
"Ekiti"
],
"word": "òe"
}
],
"word": "owe"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.