See dirk on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dirk meaning in All languages combined (15.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "dirk knife"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "dirk"
},
"expansion": "Scots dirk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dork"
},
"expansion": "dork",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "dirk"
},
"expansion": "dirk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gd",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "biodag"
},
"expansion": "biodag",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "duirc"
},
"expansion": "duirc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Dirk"
},
"expansion": "Dirk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Diederik"
},
"expansion": "Diederik",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nds",
"3": "Dulk"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dulk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dulkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dulkaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dalkaz",
"t": "knife, dagger"
},
"expansion": "*dalkaz (“knife, dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Dutch dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology unknown, apparently from Scots dirk.\nFirst attested in 1602 as dork, in the later 17th century as durk. The spelling dirk is due to Johnson's Dictionary of 1755.\nEarly quotations as well as Johnson 1755 suggest that the word is of Scottish Gaelic origin, but no such Gaelic word is known. The Gaelic name for the weapon is biodag. Gaelic duirc is merely an 18th-century adoption of the English word.\nA possible derivation is from the Scandinavian personal name Dirk (short for Diederik), which is used of lock-picking tools (but not of knives or daggers). Alternatively a corruption of Low German Dulk, Dolk (“dagger”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dulkaz, *dalkaz (“knife, dagger”), related to Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”), West Frisian dolk (“dagger”), Dutch dolk (“dagger”), German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (plural dirks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 6 27 21 10 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1898, W.D.F Vincent, The Cutters' Practical Guide",
"text": "The Claymore is worn on the left side, the dirk on the right, and the Skean Dhu in the stocking […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A long Scottish dagger with a straight blade."
],
"id": "en-dirk-en-noun-l7YjPtUU",
"links": [
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish"
],
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kinžál",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кинжа́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dirk"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kinžál",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кинжа́л"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dirk",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дирк"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 61 6 12 11 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 55 7 14 13 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 62 5 4 14 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Weapons",
"orig": "en:Weapons",
"parents": [
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1996, Frank Twiss, Social Change in the Royal Navy, 1924–1970",
"text": "In this kit was the ‘Officer of the Watch’ telescope from Dolland and Sons, presented to me by my godmother, Inman's Nautical Tables, a parallel ruler, and, of course, a dirk.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ceremonial dagger worn by naval or air force officers in some nations' militaries; formerly, a fighting dagger used by sailors as a boarding weapon."
],
"id": "en-dirk-en-noun-GWZZ2~aN",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"ceremonial",
"ceremonial"
],
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
],
[
"boarding",
"boarding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A ceremonial dagger worn by naval or air force officers in some nations' militaries; formerly, a fighting dagger used by sailors as a boarding weapon."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 92 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kordzik"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kórtik",
"sense": "a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́ртик"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 92 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kórtyk",
"sense": "a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́ртик"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Midwestern US English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 17 60 7 6 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Genitalia",
"orig": "en:Genitalia",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Reproduction",
"Sex",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "May 1964, Lawrence Poston, \"Some Problems in the Study of Campus Slang\", American Speech volume 39, issue 2",
"text": "The word dick itself serves as model for two variants which are probably Midwestern, dirk and dork, also meaning \"penis\"..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A penis; dork."
],
"id": "en-dirk-en-noun-kPnXF013",
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
],
[
"dork",
"dork"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Midwestern US, dated, slang) A penis; dork."
],
"tags": [
"Midwestern-US",
"dated",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Midwestern US English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "May 1964, Lawrence Poston, \"Some Problems in the Study of Campus Slang\", American Speech volume 39, issue 2",
"text": "...on at least one Midwestern campus a dirk may be an \"oddball\" student, while a prick (more common) is of course an offensive one."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A socially unacceptable person; an oddball."
],
"id": "en-dirk-en-noun-SAv0pYpP",
"links": [
[
"oddball",
"oddball"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Midwestern US, dated, slang) A socially unacceptable person; an oddball."
],
"tags": [
"Midwestern-US",
"dated",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dirk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg/En-au-dirk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dirk"
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "unknown"
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"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
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{
"args": {
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"3": "dirk"
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"name": "bor"
},
{
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"2": "dork"
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"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nds",
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"expansion": "Low German Dulk",
"name": "bor"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "Dolk",
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"expansion": "Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dalkaz",
"t": "knife, dagger"
},
"expansion": "*dalkaz (“knife, dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
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"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dolk",
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"expansion": "Dutch dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology unknown, apparently from Scots dirk.\nFirst attested in 1602 as dork, in the later 17th century as durk. The spelling dirk is due to Johnson's Dictionary of 1755.\nEarly quotations as well as Johnson 1755 suggest that the word is of Scottish Gaelic origin, but no such Gaelic word is known. The Gaelic name for the weapon is biodag. Gaelic duirc is merely an 18th-century adoption of the English word.\nA possible derivation is from the Scandinavian personal name Dirk (short for Diederik), which is used of lock-picking tools (but not of knives or daggers). Alternatively a corruption of Low German Dulk, Dolk (“dagger”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dulkaz, *dalkaz (“knife, dagger”), related to Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”), West Frisian dolk (“dagger”), Dutch dolk (“dagger”), German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dirking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dirked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dirked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (third-person singular simple present dirks, present participle dirking, simple past and past participle dirked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1820, Sir Walter Scott, The Abbot, archived from the original on 2014-06-04, Chapter the Fourth",
"text": "Roland Graeme has dirked Adam Woodstock — that is all.” ¶ “Good Heaven!” said the Lady, turning pale as ashes, “is the man slain?”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1825, James Kirke Paulding, John Bull in America; or, the New Munchausen, page 127",
"text": "For these offenses, I was informed privately, by a worthy English settler, who had been like me seduced by Mr. Birkbeck, they had hired a man to dirk me for ten dollars, the usual price of blood in this country, as Mr. Chichester says.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stab with a dirk."
],
"id": "en-dirk-en-verb-uZLb3JRQ",
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Edmund Spenser, The Shepheardes Calender, page 34",
"text": "Thy wast bignes but combers the grownd, / And dirks the beauty of my blossomes rownd.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To darken."
],
"id": "en-dirk-en-verb-s2MklnSp",
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To darken."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dirk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg/En-au-dirk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dirk"
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dirk",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dirka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of dirka"
],
"id": "en-dirk-nn-verb-aNfQnrZ0",
"links": [
[
"dirka",
"dirka#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
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]
}
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier durk, of uncertain origin; perhaps related to German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "dirks",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dirk (plural dirks)",
"name": "head"
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (plural dirks)",
"name": "sco-noun"
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],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"glosses": [
"dirk"
],
"id": "en-dirk-sco-noun-LWkSD0o3",
"links": [
[
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]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "durk"
}
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier durk, of uncertain origin; perhaps related to German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dirkin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dirkt",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dirkt",
"tags": [
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"past"
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{
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"10": "dirkt",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "dirks",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "dirkin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "dirkt",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dirk (third-person singular simple present dirks, present participle dirkin, simple past dirkt, past participle dirkt)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (third-person singular simple present dirks, present participle dirkin, simple past dirkt, past participle dirkt)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
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"glosses": [
"dirk"
],
"id": "en-dirk-sco-verb-LWkSD0o3",
"links": [
[
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"#English"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "durk"
}
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Low German",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Genitalia",
"en:People",
"en:Weapons"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dirk knife"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "dirk"
},
"expansion": "Scots dirk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dork"
},
"expansion": "dork",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "dirk"
},
"expansion": "dirk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gd",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "biodag"
},
"expansion": "biodag",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "duirc"
},
"expansion": "duirc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Dirk"
},
"expansion": "Dirk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Diederik"
},
"expansion": "Diederik",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nds",
"3": "Dulk"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dulk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dulkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dulkaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dalkaz",
"t": "knife, dagger"
},
"expansion": "*dalkaz (“knife, dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Dutch dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology unknown, apparently from Scots dirk.\nFirst attested in 1602 as dork, in the later 17th century as durk. The spelling dirk is due to Johnson's Dictionary of 1755.\nEarly quotations as well as Johnson 1755 suggest that the word is of Scottish Gaelic origin, but no such Gaelic word is known. The Gaelic name for the weapon is biodag. Gaelic duirc is merely an 18th-century adoption of the English word.\nA possible derivation is from the Scandinavian personal name Dirk (short for Diederik), which is used of lock-picking tools (but not of knives or daggers). Alternatively a corruption of Low German Dulk, Dolk (“dagger”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dulkaz, *dalkaz (“knife, dagger”), related to Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”), West Frisian dolk (“dagger”), Dutch dolk (“dagger”), German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (plural dirks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1898, W.D.F Vincent, The Cutters' Practical Guide",
"text": "The Claymore is worn on the left side, the dirk on the right, and the Skean Dhu in the stocking […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A long Scottish dagger with a straight blade."
],
"links": [
[
"Scottish",
"Scottish"
],
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1996, Frank Twiss, Social Change in the Royal Navy, 1924–1970",
"text": "In this kit was the ‘Officer of the Watch’ telescope from Dolland and Sons, presented to me by my godmother, Inman's Nautical Tables, a parallel ruler, and, of course, a dirk.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A ceremonial dagger worn by naval or air force officers in some nations' militaries; formerly, a fighting dagger used by sailors as a boarding weapon."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"ceremonial",
"ceremonial"
],
[
"dagger",
"dagger"
],
[
"boarding",
"boarding"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A ceremonial dagger worn by naval or air force officers in some nations' militaries; formerly, a fighting dagger used by sailors as a boarding weapon."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English slang",
"Midwestern US English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "May 1964, Lawrence Poston, \"Some Problems in the Study of Campus Slang\", American Speech volume 39, issue 2",
"text": "The word dick itself serves as model for two variants which are probably Midwestern, dirk and dork, also meaning \"penis\"..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A penis; dork."
],
"links": [
[
"penis",
"penis"
],
[
"dork",
"dork"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Midwestern US, dated, slang) A penis; dork."
],
"tags": [
"Midwestern-US",
"dated",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English slang",
"Midwestern US English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "May 1964, Lawrence Poston, \"Some Problems in the Study of Campus Slang\", American Speech volume 39, issue 2",
"text": "...on at least one Midwestern campus a dirk may be an \"oddball\" student, while a prick (more common) is of course an offensive one."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A socially unacceptable person; an oddball."
],
"links": [
[
"oddball",
"oddball"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Midwestern US, dated, slang) A socially unacceptable person; an oddball."
],
"tags": [
"Midwestern-US",
"dated",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dirk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg/En-au-dirk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kinžál",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кинжа́л"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dirk"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kinžál",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кинжа́л"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dirk",
"sense": "a long Scottish dagger with a straight blade",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дирк"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kordzik"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kórtik",
"sense": "a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́ртик"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kórtyk",
"sense": "a ceremonial dagger worn by naval officers; formerly, a boarding weapon used by sailors",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ко́ртик"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dirk"
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Low German",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from Low German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)k/1 syllable",
"en:Genitalia",
"en:People",
"en:Weapons"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"title": "unknown"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "dirk"
},
"expansion": "Scots dirk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dork"
},
"expansion": "dork",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "dirk"
},
"expansion": "dirk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gd",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "biodag"
},
"expansion": "biodag",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "duirc"
},
"expansion": "duirc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Dirk"
},
"expansion": "Dirk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Diederik"
},
"expansion": "Diederik",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nds",
"3": "Dulk"
},
"expansion": "Low German Dulk",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dulkaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dulkaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*dalkaz",
"t": "knife, dagger"
},
"expansion": "*dalkaz (“knife, dagger”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dolk",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "Dutch dolk (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology unknown, apparently from Scots dirk.\nFirst attested in 1602 as dork, in the later 17th century as durk. The spelling dirk is due to Johnson's Dictionary of 1755.\nEarly quotations as well as Johnson 1755 suggest that the word is of Scottish Gaelic origin, but no such Gaelic word is known. The Gaelic name for the weapon is biodag. Gaelic duirc is merely an 18th-century adoption of the English word.\nA possible derivation is from the Scandinavian personal name Dirk (short for Diederik), which is used of lock-picking tools (but not of knives or daggers). Alternatively a corruption of Low German Dulk, Dolk (“dagger”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dulkaz, *dalkaz (“knife, dagger”), related to Saterland Frisian Dolk (“dagger”), West Frisian dolk (“dagger”), Dutch dolk (“dagger”), German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dirking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dirked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dirked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (third-person singular simple present dirks, present participle dirking, simple past and past participle dirked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1820, Sir Walter Scott, The Abbot, archived from the original on 2014-06-04, Chapter the Fourth",
"text": "Roland Graeme has dirked Adam Woodstock — that is all.” ¶ “Good Heaven!” said the Lady, turning pale as ashes, “is the man slain?”",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1825, James Kirke Paulding, John Bull in America; or, the New Munchausen, page 127",
"text": "For these offenses, I was informed privately, by a worthy English settler, who had been like me seduced by Mr. Birkbeck, they had hired a man to dirk me for ten dollars, the usual price of blood in this country, as Mr. Chichester says.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stab with a dirk."
],
"links": [
[
"stab",
"stab"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1579, Edmund Spenser, The Shepheardes Calender, page 34",
"text": "Thy wast bignes but combers the grownd, / And dirks the beauty of my blossomes rownd.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To darken."
],
"links": [
[
"darken",
"darken"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To darken."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɜːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/dɝk/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-dirk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg/En-au-dirk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/En-au-dirk.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dirk"
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "dirk",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms",
"Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "dirka"
}
],
"glosses": [
"imperative of dirka"
],
"links": [
[
"dirka",
"dirka#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier durk, of uncertain origin; perhaps related to German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "dirks",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dirk (plural dirks)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (plural dirks)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dirk"
],
"links": [
[
"dirk",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "durk"
}
],
"word": "dirk"
}
{
"categories": [
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots verbs"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "durk"
},
"expansion": "durk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Dolch",
"t": "dagger"
},
"expansion": "German Dolch (“dagger”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier durk, of uncertain origin; perhaps related to German Dolch (“dagger”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dirks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dirkin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dirkt",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dirkt",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "dirkt",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "dirks",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "dirkin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "dirkt",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dirk (third-person singular simple present dirks, present participle dirkin, simple past dirkt, past participle dirkt)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dirk (third-person singular simple present dirks, present participle dirkin, simple past dirkt, past participle dirkt)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dirk"
],
"links": [
[
"dirk",
"#English"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "durk"
}
],
"word": "dirk"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.