"grōniz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See grōniz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈɣrɔː.niz/
Etymology: From Pre-Germanic *groh₁-ni-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʰreh₁-}}, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʰreh₁-||to grow, become green}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj}} Forms: grōnizô [comparative], grōnistaz [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], grōniz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], grōnijai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], grōnī [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], grōnijôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], grōnį [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -jatō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], grōnijō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], grōnijanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], grōnijanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], grōnijǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], grōnijōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], grōnį [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -jatō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], grōnijō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], grōnijas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], grōnīs [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], grōnijaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], grōnijaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], grōnijaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], grōnijas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], grōnīs [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], grōnijaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], grōnijammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], grōnijaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], grōnijaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], grōnijaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], grōnijammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], grōnijaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], grōnijanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], grōnijaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], grōnijaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], grōnijaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], grōnijanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], grōnijaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], grōnijô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], grōnijaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], grōnijǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], grōnijōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], grōnijô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], grōnijōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], grōnijanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], grōnijanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], grōnijōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], grōnijōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], grōnijô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], grōnijōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], grōnīniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], grōnijanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], grōnijōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], grōnijōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], grōnīniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], grōnijanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], grōnīni [dative, masculine, singular, weak], grōnijammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], grōnijōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], grōnijōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], grōnīni [dative, neuter, singular, weak], grōnijammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], grōnīnē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], grōnijammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], grōnijōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], grōnijōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], grōnīnē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], grōnijammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. green Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: grasagrōniz, grōnāną, grōnijaną, singrōniz, ungrōniz
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*grōnī"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *grōnī\nOld English: grēne, grœ̄ne, grœ̄ni\nMiddle English: grene, greene\nEnglish: green (see there for further descendants)\nScots: green\nYola: green\nOld Frisian: grēne\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: green\nSaterland Frisian: gräin\nWest Frisian: grien\nOld Saxon: grōni\nMiddle Low German: grōne, gröne\nLow German: grön, gröön, green\nPlautdietsch: jreen\n→ Polabian: grönĕ\nOld Dutch: gruoni\nMiddle Dutch: groene\nDutch: groen\nAfrikaans: groen\nBerbice Creole Dutch: grun\nNegerhollands: groen, grun\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gruin\nSranan Tongo: grun\nAukan: guun\nSaramaccan: guúun\nLimburgish: greun, gruuen\nWest Flemish: groene\nOld High German: gruoni\nMiddle High German: grüene\nAlemannic German: grüen\nSwabian: grea, grien\nWalser: geriénts, grien, gréén, grün\nBavarian: grian, gri͡an (alternative spelling, e.g. Styria), grean (most dialects), grien (Sappada, Sauris), grea\nApeltonerisch: gria\nCimbrian: gruan, grümma, grüun\nMòcheno: grea'\nCentral Franconian: jrön, green, grien\nHunsrik: grien\nLuxembourgish: gréng\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: grin\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: grün\nRhine Franconian: grie, grien, griene\nFrankfurterisch: IPA [kʀĩː]\nPennsylvania German: grie\nYiddish: גרין (grin)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *grōnī\nOld English: grēne, grœ̄ne, grœ̄ni\nMiddle English: grene, greene\nEnglish: green (see there for further descendants)\nScots: green\nYola: green\nOld Frisian: grēne\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: green\nSaterland Frisian: gräin\nWest Frisian: grien\nOld Saxon: grōni\nMiddle Low German: grōne, gröne\nLow German: grön, gröön, green\nPlautdietsch: jreen\n→ Polabian: grönĕ\nOld Dutch: gruoni\nMiddle Dutch: groene\nDutch: groen\nAfrikaans: groen\nBerbice Creole Dutch: grun\nNegerhollands: groen, grun\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gruin\nSranan Tongo: grun\nAukan: guun\nSaramaccan: guúun\nLimburgish: greun, gruuen\nWest Flemish: groene\nOld High German: gruoni\nMiddle High German: grüene\nAlemannic German: grüen\nSwabian: grea, grien\nWalser: geriénts, grien, gréén, grün\nBavarian: grian, gri͡an (alternative spelling, e.g. Styria), grean (most dialects), grien (Sappada, Sauris), grea\nApeltonerisch: gria\nCimbrian: gruan, grümma, grüun\nMòcheno: grea'\nCentral Franconian: jrön, green, grien\nHunsrik: grien\nLuxembourgish: gréng\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: grin\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: grün\nRhine Franconian: grie, grien, griene\nFrankfurterisch: IPA [kʀĩː]\nPennsylvania German: grie\nYiddish: גרין (grin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "grǿnn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: grǿnn, grœnn\nIcelandic: grænn\nFaroese: grønur\nNorn: grøn\nNorwegian Nynorsk: grøn; (dialectal) grøn’u, grøn’e\nNorwegian Bokmål: grønn\nElfdalian: gryön\nOld Swedish: grø̄n\nSwedish: grön\nDanish: grøn\nGutnish: gröinar",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: grǿnn, grœnn\nIcelandic: grænn\nFaroese: grønur\nNorn: grøn\nNorwegian Nynorsk: grøn; (dialectal) grøn’u, grøn’e\nNorwegian Bokmål: grønn\nElfdalian: gryön\nOld Swedish: grø̄n\nSwedish: grön\nDanish: grøn\nGutnish: gröinar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*(k)ruonë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *(k)ruonë\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: kroenes\nLule Sami: ruodnat / ruoddnis, ruonas\nNorthern Sami: ruonas\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: ruonâs\nSkolt Sami: ruânn\nKildin Sami: руэнн (ruenn)\nTer Sami: rïenn",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *(k)ruonë\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: kroenes\nLule Sami: ruodnat / ruoddnis, ruonas\nNorthern Sami: ruonas\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: ruonâs\nSkolt Sami: ruânn\nKildin Sami: руэнн (ruenn)\nTer Sami: rïenn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grow, become green"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *groh₁-ni-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grōnizô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnistaz",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnį",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnį",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōniz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "grasagrōniz"
        },
        {
          "word": "grōnāną"
        },
        {
          "word": "grōnijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "singrōniz"
        },
        {
          "word": "ungrōniz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "green"
      ],
      "id": "en-grōniz-gem-pro-adj-ukeIsiaq",
      "links": [
        [
          "green",
          "green"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "grasą"
        },
        {
          "word": "grōaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "blaikaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "blankaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "hwītaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "blasaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "falwaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "grēwaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "haswaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "grīsaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "hairaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "blakaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "swartaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "raudaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "brūnaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "erpaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "dusnaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "gelwaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "gulaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "grōniz"
        },
        {
          "word": "blēwaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "hēwijaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "baswaz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣrɔː.niz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grōniz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "grasagrōniz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grōnāną"
    },
    {
      "word": "grōnijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "singrōniz"
    },
    {
      "word": "ungrōniz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*grōnī"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *grōnī\nOld English: grēne, grœ̄ne, grœ̄ni\nMiddle English: grene, greene\nEnglish: green (see there for further descendants)\nScots: green\nYola: green\nOld Frisian: grēne\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: green\nSaterland Frisian: gräin\nWest Frisian: grien\nOld Saxon: grōni\nMiddle Low German: grōne, gröne\nLow German: grön, gröön, green\nPlautdietsch: jreen\n→ Polabian: grönĕ\nOld Dutch: gruoni\nMiddle Dutch: groene\nDutch: groen\nAfrikaans: groen\nBerbice Creole Dutch: grun\nNegerhollands: groen, grun\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gruin\nSranan Tongo: grun\nAukan: guun\nSaramaccan: guúun\nLimburgish: greun, gruuen\nWest Flemish: groene\nOld High German: gruoni\nMiddle High German: grüene\nAlemannic German: grüen\nSwabian: grea, grien\nWalser: geriénts, grien, gréén, grün\nBavarian: grian, gri͡an (alternative spelling, e.g. Styria), grean (most dialects), grien (Sappada, Sauris), grea\nApeltonerisch: gria\nCimbrian: gruan, grümma, grüun\nMòcheno: grea'\nCentral Franconian: jrön, green, grien\nHunsrik: grien\nLuxembourgish: gréng\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: grin\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: grün\nRhine Franconian: grie, grien, griene\nFrankfurterisch: IPA [kʀĩː]\nPennsylvania German: grie\nYiddish: גרין (grin)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *grōnī\nOld English: grēne, grœ̄ne, grœ̄ni\nMiddle English: grene, greene\nEnglish: green (see there for further descendants)\nScots: green\nYola: green\nOld Frisian: grēne\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: green\nSaterland Frisian: gräin\nWest Frisian: grien\nOld Saxon: grōni\nMiddle Low German: grōne, gröne\nLow German: grön, gröön, green\nPlautdietsch: jreen\n→ Polabian: grönĕ\nOld Dutch: gruoni\nMiddle Dutch: groene\nDutch: groen\nAfrikaans: groen\nBerbice Creole Dutch: grun\nNegerhollands: groen, grun\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gruin\nSranan Tongo: grun\nAukan: guun\nSaramaccan: guúun\nLimburgish: greun, gruuen\nWest Flemish: groene\nOld High German: gruoni\nMiddle High German: grüene\nAlemannic German: grüen\nSwabian: grea, grien\nWalser: geriénts, grien, gréén, grün\nBavarian: grian, gri͡an (alternative spelling, e.g. Styria), grean (most dialects), grien (Sappada, Sauris), grea\nApeltonerisch: gria\nCimbrian: gruan, grümma, grüun\nMòcheno: grea'\nCentral Franconian: jrön, green, grien\nHunsrik: grien\nLuxembourgish: gréng\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German:\nVilamovian: grin\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: grün\nRhine Franconian: grie, grien, griene\nFrankfurterisch: IPA [kʀĩː]\nPennsylvania German: grie\nYiddish: גרין (grin)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "grǿnn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: grǿnn, grœnn\nIcelandic: grænn\nFaroese: grønur\nNorn: grøn\nNorwegian Nynorsk: grøn; (dialectal) grøn’u, grøn’e\nNorwegian Bokmål: grønn\nElfdalian: gryön\nOld Swedish: grø̄n\nSwedish: grön\nDanish: grøn\nGutnish: gröinar",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: grǿnn, grœnn\nIcelandic: grænn\nFaroese: grønur\nNorn: grøn\nNorwegian Nynorsk: grøn; (dialectal) grøn’u, grøn’e\nNorwegian Bokmål: grønn\nElfdalian: gryön\nOld Swedish: grø̄n\nSwedish: grön\nDanish: grøn\nGutnish: gröinar"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*(k)ruonë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *(k)ruonë\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: kroenes\nLule Sami: ruodnat / ruoddnis, ruonas\nNorthern Sami: ruonas\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: ruonâs\nSkolt Sami: ruânn\nKildin Sami: руэнн (ruenn)\nTer Sami: rïenn",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *(k)ruonë\nWestern Samic:\nSouthern Sami: kroenes\nLule Sami: ruodnat / ruoddnis, ruonas\nNorthern Sami: ruonas\nEastern Samic:\nInari Sami: ruonâs\nSkolt Sami: ruânn\nKildin Sami: руэнн (ruenn)\nTer Sami: rïenn"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreh₁-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰreh₁-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to grow, become green"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *groh₁-ni-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow, become green”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "grōnizô",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnistaz",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnį",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnį",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-jatō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnīnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grōnijammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "gem-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grōniz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "grasą"
    },
    {
      "word": "grōaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "blaikaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blankaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hwītaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blasaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "falwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grēwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "haswaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grīsaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hairaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blakaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "swartaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "raudaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "brūnaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "erpaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "dusnaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "gelwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "gulaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grōniz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blēwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hēwijaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "baswaz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic i-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰreh₁-"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "green"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "green",
          "green"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɣrɔː.niz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "grōniz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for grōniz meaning in Proto-Germanic (12.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.