"hairaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See hairaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈxɑi̯.rɑz/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with Old Irish cīar (“dark”), probably Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-}}, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-||grey, dark}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”), {{cog|sga|ciar|cīar|dark}} Old Irish cīar (“dark”), {{cog|sla-pro|*śěrъ||gray}} Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”) Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|hair}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*hairaz|*hairanǭ|*hairas, -is|*hairammai|*hairanō|*hairai|*hairanz|*hairaizǫ̂|*hairaimaz|*hairaimiz|*hairō|*hairǭ|*hairaizōz|*hairaizōi|*hairaizō|*hairôz|*hairōz|*hairaizǫ̂|*hairaimaz|*hairaimiz|*hairą, -atō|*hairą, -atō|*hairas, -is|*hairammai|*hairanō|*hairō|*hairō|*hairaizǫ̂|*hairaimaz|*hairaimiz|*hairô|*hairanų|*hairiniz|*hairini|*hairinē|*hairaniz|*hairanunz|*hairanǫ̂|*hairammaz|*hairammiz|*hairǭ|*hairōnų|*hairōniz|*hairōni|*hairōnē|*hairōniz|*hairōnunz|*hairōnǫ̂|*hairōmaz|*hairōmiz|*hairô|*hairô|*hairiniz|*hairini|*hairinē|*hairōnō|*hairōnō|*hairanǫ̂|*hairammaz|*hairammiz|title=*hairaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], hairaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], hairai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], hairō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], hairôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], hairą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], hairō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], hairanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], hairanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], hairǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], hairōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], hairą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], hairō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], hairas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], hairaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], hairaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], hairaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], hairas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], hairaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], hairammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], hairaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], hairaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], hairaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], hairammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], hairaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], hairanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], hairaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], hairaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], hairaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], hairanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], hairaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], hairô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], hairaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], hairǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], hairōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], hairô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], hairōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], hairanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], hairanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], hairōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], hairōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], hairô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], hairōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], hairiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], hairanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], hairōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], hairōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], hairiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], hairanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], hairini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], hairammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], hairōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], hairōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], hairini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], hairammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], hairinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], hairammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], hairōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], hairōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], hairinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], hairammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. grey Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-hairaz-gem-pro-adj-Z~w2OFu0
  2. (figurative) aged; old; lofty; distinguished Tags: figuratively, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-hairaz-gem-pro-adj-vRVZrM7N Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 0 100 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 0 100 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 3 97
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hair"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hair\nOld English: hār\nMiddle English: hor\nEnglish: hoar\nScots: hare, hair\nOld Frisian: hār\nOld Dutch: hēr\nMiddle Dutch: heer\n⇒ Middle Dutch: herlic\nDutch: heerlijk\nOld High German: hēr\nMiddle High German: hēr\nGerman: hehr",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hair\nOld English: hār\nMiddle English: hor\nEnglish: hoar\nScots: hare, hair\nOld Frisian: hār\nOld Dutch: hēr\nMiddle Dutch: heer\n⇒ Middle Dutch: herlic\nDutch: heerlijk\nOld High German: hēr\nMiddle High German: hēr\nGerman: hehr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "hárr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: hárr\nIcelandic: hár\nDanish: hǫr\n→? Old French: haraz (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: hárr\nIcelandic: hár\nDanish: hǫr\n→? Old French: haraz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "herru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: herru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: herru"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "grey, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ciar",
        "3": "cīar",
        "4": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cīar (“dark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*śěrъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gray"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with Old Irish cīar (“dark”), probably Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hair"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*hairaz",
        "10": "*hairaimiz",
        "11": "*hairō",
        "12": "*hairǭ",
        "13": "*hairaizōz",
        "14": "*hairaizōi",
        "15": "*hairaizō",
        "16": "*hairôz",
        "17": "*hairōz",
        "18": "*hairaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*hairaimaz",
        "2": "*hairanǭ",
        "20": "*hairaimiz",
        "21": "*hairą, -atō",
        "22": "*hairą, -atō",
        "23": "*hairas, -is",
        "24": "*hairammai",
        "25": "*hairanō",
        "26": "*hairō",
        "27": "*hairō",
        "28": "*hairaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*hairaimaz",
        "3": "*hairas, -is",
        "30": "*hairaimiz",
        "31": "*hairô",
        "32": "*hairanų",
        "33": "*hairiniz",
        "34": "*hairini",
        "35": "*hairinē",
        "36": "*hairaniz",
        "37": "*hairanunz",
        "38": "*hairanǫ̂",
        "39": "*hairammaz",
        "4": "*hairammai",
        "40": "*hairammiz",
        "41": "*hairǭ",
        "42": "*hairōnų",
        "43": "*hairōniz",
        "44": "*hairōni",
        "45": "*hairōnē",
        "46": "*hairōniz",
        "47": "*hairōnunz",
        "48": "*hairōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*hairōmaz",
        "5": "*hairanō",
        "50": "*hairōmiz",
        "51": "*hairô",
        "52": "*hairô",
        "53": "*hairiniz",
        "54": "*hairini",
        "55": "*hairinē",
        "56": "*hairōnō",
        "57": "*hairōnō",
        "58": "*hairanǫ̂",
        "59": "*hairammaz",
        "6": "*hairai",
        "60": "*hairammiz",
        "7": "*hairanz",
        "8": "*hairaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*hairaimaz",
        "title": "*hairaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hairaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "blaikaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "blankaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hwītaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "blasaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "falwaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grēwaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "haswaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grīsaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hairaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "blakaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "swartaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "raudaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "brūnaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "erpaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dusnaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gelwaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gulaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grōniz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "blēwaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "hēwijaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "baswaz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grey"
      ],
      "id": "en-hairaz-gem-pro-adj-Z~w2OFu0",
      "links": [
        [
          "grey",
          "grey"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 100",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "aged; old; lofty; distinguished"
      ],
      "id": "en-hairaz-gem-pro-adj-vRVZrM7N",
      "links": [
        [
          "aged",
          "aged"
        ],
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ],
        [
          "lofty",
          "lofty"
        ],
        [
          "distinguished",
          "distinguished"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) aged; old; lofty; distinguished"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxɑi̯.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "hairaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ḱeh₃-",
    "gem-pro:Colors"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*hair"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hair\nOld English: hār\nMiddle English: hor\nEnglish: hoar\nScots: hare, hair\nOld Frisian: hār\nOld Dutch: hēr\nMiddle Dutch: heer\n⇒ Middle Dutch: herlic\nDutch: heerlijk\nOld High German: hēr\nMiddle High German: hēr\nGerman: hehr",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hair\nOld English: hār\nMiddle English: hor\nEnglish: hoar\nScots: hare, hair\nOld Frisian: hār\nOld Dutch: hēr\nMiddle Dutch: heer\n⇒ Middle Dutch: herlic\nDutch: heerlijk\nOld High German: hēr\nMiddle High German: hēr\nGerman: hehr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "hárr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: hárr\nIcelandic: hár\nDanish: hǫr\n→? Old French: haraz (see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: hárr\nIcelandic: hár\nDanish: hǫr\n→? Old French: haraz (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "roa-opt",
            "2": "herru",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: herru",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old Galician-Portuguese: herru"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ḱeh₃-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "grey, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ciar",
        "3": "cīar",
        "4": "dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cīar (“dark”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*śěrъ",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gray"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with Old Irish cīar (“dark”), probably Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hairammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hair"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*hairaz",
        "10": "*hairaimiz",
        "11": "*hairō",
        "12": "*hairǭ",
        "13": "*hairaizōz",
        "14": "*hairaizōi",
        "15": "*hairaizō",
        "16": "*hairôz",
        "17": "*hairōz",
        "18": "*hairaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*hairaimaz",
        "2": "*hairanǭ",
        "20": "*hairaimiz",
        "21": "*hairą, -atō",
        "22": "*hairą, -atō",
        "23": "*hairas, -is",
        "24": "*hairammai",
        "25": "*hairanō",
        "26": "*hairō",
        "27": "*hairō",
        "28": "*hairaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*hairaimaz",
        "3": "*hairas, -is",
        "30": "*hairaimiz",
        "31": "*hairô",
        "32": "*hairanų",
        "33": "*hairiniz",
        "34": "*hairini",
        "35": "*hairinē",
        "36": "*hairaniz",
        "37": "*hairanunz",
        "38": "*hairanǫ̂",
        "39": "*hairammaz",
        "4": "*hairammai",
        "40": "*hairammiz",
        "41": "*hairǭ",
        "42": "*hairōnų",
        "43": "*hairōniz",
        "44": "*hairōni",
        "45": "*hairōnē",
        "46": "*hairōniz",
        "47": "*hairōnunz",
        "48": "*hairōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*hairōmaz",
        "5": "*hairanō",
        "50": "*hairōmiz",
        "51": "*hairô",
        "52": "*hairô",
        "53": "*hairiniz",
        "54": "*hairini",
        "55": "*hairinē",
        "56": "*hairōnō",
        "57": "*hairōnō",
        "58": "*hairanǫ̂",
        "59": "*hairammaz",
        "6": "*hairai",
        "60": "*hairammiz",
        "7": "*hairanz",
        "8": "*hairaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*hairaimaz",
        "title": "*hairaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hairaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "blaikaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blankaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hwītaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blasaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "falwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grēwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "haswaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grīsaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hairaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blakaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "swartaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "raudaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "brūnaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "erpaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "dusnaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "gelwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "gulaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "grōniz"
    },
    {
      "word": "blēwaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "hēwijaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "baswaz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grey"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grey",
          "grey"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "aged; old; lofty; distinguished"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "aged",
          "aged"
        ],
        [
          "old",
          "old"
        ],
        [
          "lofty",
          "lofty"
        ],
        [
          "distinguished",
          "distinguished"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) aged; old; lofty; distinguished"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxɑi̯.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "hairaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for hairaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.