See gelwaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*gelu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *gelu\nOld English: ġeolu\nMiddle English: ȝelwe, ȝalow, yelow\nEnglish: yellow; yeller, yallow, yaller, yullow (dialectal)\nScots: yella, yelly, yallow\nOld Frisian: *jele\nSaterland Frisian: jeel\nWest Frisian: giel\nOld Saxon: gelo, gelu\nMiddle Low German: gēl\nLow German:\nGerman Low German:\nHamburgisch: geel\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: gial\nLippisch: gäll\nSauerländisch: giäl, geal, gail, gēäl\nWestmünsterländisch: gääl, geel, gell\nPlautdietsch: jäl\nOld Dutch: *gelo\nMiddle Dutch: gēle\nDutch: geel\nLimburgish: gael\nOld High German: gelo\nMiddle High German: gël (inflected gëlwe)\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: gahl, gäl\nSwabian: geal\nCentral Franconian: gäl, jäl, jell\nCimbrian: gel, ghéel (Sette Comuni)\nGerman: gelb; gehl (regional)\n→ Hunsrik: gelleb\nLuxembourgish: giel\nPennsylvania German: gehl\nVilamovian: gaoł\nYiddish: געל (gel), געלב (gelb)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *gelu\nOld English: ġeolu\nMiddle English: ȝelwe, ȝalow, yelow\nEnglish: yellow; yeller, yallow, yaller, yullow (dialectal)\nScots: yella, yelly, yallow\nOld Frisian: *jele\nSaterland Frisian: jeel\nWest Frisian: giel\nOld Saxon: gelo, gelu\nMiddle Low German: gēl\nLow German:\nGerman Low German:\nHamburgisch: geel\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: gial\nLippisch: gäll\nSauerländisch: giäl, geal, gail, gēäl\nWestmünsterländisch: gääl, geel, gell\nPlautdietsch: jäl\nOld Dutch: *gelo\nMiddle Dutch: gēle\nDutch: geel\nLimburgish: gael\nOld High German: gelo\nMiddle High German: gël (inflected gëlwe)\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: gahl, gäl\nSwabian: geal\nCentral Franconian: gäl, jäl, jell\nCimbrian: gel, ghéel (Sette Comuni)\nGerman: gelb; gehl (regional)\n→ Hunsrik: gelleb\nLuxembourgish: giel\nPennsylvania German: gehl\nVilamovian: gaoł\nYiddish: געל (gel), געלב (gelb)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gulþą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *gulþą\nProto-West Germanic: *golþ\nOld English: gold\nMiddle English: gold\nEnglish: gold\nScots: gowd, goold\nOld Frisian: gold, goud\nSaterland Frisian: Gould\nWest Frisian: goud\nOld Saxon: gold\nMiddle Low German: golt\nGerman Low German: Gold\nPlautdietsch: Golt\nOld Dutch: golt, gold\nMiddle Dutch: gout\nDutch: goud\nAfrikaans: goud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: gautu\nNegerhollands: gaut, goud, gout\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gaut\n→ Sranan Tongo: gowtu\n→ Caribbean Javanese: gautu\n→ Saramaccan: góútu\n→ Trió: koutu\nLimburgish: góldj\nOld High German: gold\nMiddle High German: golt\nAlemannic German: Gold\nBavarian: Goid, Golt\nCimbrian: gold, golt (Sette Comuni)\nMòcheno: golt\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Gold\nLuxembourgish: Gold\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: gułd\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Gold\nRhine Franconian: Gold\nFrankfurterisch: [g̥olt]\nPennsylvania German: Gold\nYiddish: גאָלד (gold)\nOld Norse: gull\nIcelandic: gull n\nFaroese: gull n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gull n\nOld Swedish: gull n\nSwedish: gull, guld n\nOld Danish:\nDanish: guld n\nNorwegian Bokmål: gull n\n→ Greenlandic: kuulti\nGutnish: gull n\nGothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌻𐌸 (gulþ)\nCrimean Gothic: goltz\n→ Proto-Finnic: *kulta (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Samic: *kollē (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *gulþą\nProto-West Germanic: *golþ\nOld English: gold\nMiddle English: gold\nEnglish: gold\nScots: gowd, goold\nOld Frisian: gold, goud\nSaterland Frisian: Gould\nWest Frisian: goud\nOld Saxon: gold\nMiddle Low German: golt\nGerman Low German: Gold\nPlautdietsch: Golt\nOld Dutch: golt, gold\nMiddle Dutch: gout\nDutch: goud\nAfrikaans: goud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: gautu\nNegerhollands: gaut, goud, gout\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gaut\n→ Sranan Tongo: gowtu\n→ Caribbean Javanese: gautu\n→ Saramaccan: góútu\n→ Trió: koutu\nLimburgish: góldj\nOld High German: gold\nMiddle High German: golt\nAlemannic German: Gold\nBavarian: Goid, Golt\nCimbrian: gold, golt (Sette Comuni)\nMòcheno: golt\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Gold\nLuxembourgish: Gold\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: gułd\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Gold\nRhine Franconian: Gold\nFrankfurterisch: [g̥olt]\nPennsylvania German: Gold\nYiddish: גאָלד (gold)\nOld Norse: gull\nIcelandic: gull n\nFaroese: gull n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gull n\nOld Swedish: gull n\nSwedish: gull, guld n\nOld Danish:\nDanish: guld n\nNorwegian Bokmål: gull n\n→ Greenlandic: kuulti\nGutnish: gull n\nGothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌻𐌸 (gulþ)\nCrimean Gothic: goltz\n→ Proto-Finnic: *kulta (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Samic: *kollē (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰelh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰelh₃-wó-s",
"t": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-wó-s (“yellow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ǵʰelh₃-",
"3": "*-wós",
"t1": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) + *-wós",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "helvus",
"3": "",
"4": "light-yellow"
},
"expansion": "Latin helvus (“light-yellow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-wó-s (“yellow”), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) + *-wós. Cognate with Latin helvus (“light-yellow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gelw"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*gelwaz",
"10": "*gelwaimiz",
"11": "*gelwō",
"12": "*gelwǭ",
"13": "*gelwaizōz",
"14": "*gelwaizōi",
"15": "*gelwaizō",
"16": "*gelwôz",
"17": "*gelwōz",
"18": "*gelwaizǫ̂",
"19": "*gelwaimaz",
"2": "*gelwanǭ",
"20": "*gelwaimiz",
"21": "*gelwą, -atō",
"22": "*gelwą, -atō",
"23": "*gelwas, -is",
"24": "*gelwammai",
"25": "*gelwanō",
"26": "*gelwō",
"27": "*gelwō",
"28": "*gelwaizǫ̂",
"29": "*gelwaimaz",
"3": "*gelwas, -is",
"30": "*gelwaimiz",
"31": "*gelwô",
"32": "*gelwanų",
"33": "*gelwiniz",
"34": "*gelwini",
"35": "*gelwinē",
"36": "*gelwaniz",
"37": "*gelwanunz",
"38": "*gelwanǫ̂",
"39": "*gelwammaz",
"4": "*gelwammai",
"40": "*gelwammiz",
"41": "*gelwǭ",
"42": "*gelwōnų",
"43": "*gelwōniz",
"44": "*gelwōni",
"45": "*gelwōnē",
"46": "*gelwōniz",
"47": "*gelwōnunz",
"48": "*gelwōnǫ̂",
"49": "*gelwōmaz",
"5": "*gelwanō",
"50": "*gelwōmiz",
"51": "*gelwô",
"52": "*gelwô",
"53": "*gelwiniz",
"54": "*gelwini",
"55": "*gelwinē",
"56": "*gelwōnō",
"57": "*gelwōnō",
"58": "*gelwanǫ̂",
"59": "*gelwammaz",
"6": "*gelwai",
"60": "*gelwammiz",
"7": "*gelwanz",
"8": "*gelwaizǫ̂",
"9": "*gelwaimaz",
"title": "*gelwaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gelwaz",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms prefixed with *ǵʰelh₃-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-wós",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Proto-Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yellow"
],
"id": "en-gelwaz-gem-pro-adj-xoWiybqy",
"links": [
[
"yellow",
"yellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) yellow"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "blaikaz"
},
{
"word": "blankaz"
},
{
"word": "hwītaz"
},
{
"word": "blasaz"
},
{
"word": "falwaz"
},
{
"word": "grēwaz"
},
{
"word": "haswaz"
},
{
"word": "grīsaz"
},
{
"word": "hairaz"
},
{
"word": "blakaz"
},
{
"word": "swartaz"
},
{
"word": "raudaz"
},
{
"word": "brūnaz"
},
{
"word": "erpaz"
},
{
"word": "dusnaz"
},
{
"word": "gelwaz"
},
{
"word": "gulaz"
},
{
"word": "grōniz"
},
{
"word": "blēwaz"
},
{
"word": "hēwijaz"
},
{
"word": "baswaz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"North"
],
"word": "gulaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣel.wɑz/"
}
],
"word": "gelwaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*gelu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *gelu\nOld English: ġeolu\nMiddle English: ȝelwe, ȝalow, yelow\nEnglish: yellow; yeller, yallow, yaller, yullow (dialectal)\nScots: yella, yelly, yallow\nOld Frisian: *jele\nSaterland Frisian: jeel\nWest Frisian: giel\nOld Saxon: gelo, gelu\nMiddle Low German: gēl\nLow German:\nGerman Low German:\nHamburgisch: geel\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: gial\nLippisch: gäll\nSauerländisch: giäl, geal, gail, gēäl\nWestmünsterländisch: gääl, geel, gell\nPlautdietsch: jäl\nOld Dutch: *gelo\nMiddle Dutch: gēle\nDutch: geel\nLimburgish: gael\nOld High German: gelo\nMiddle High German: gël (inflected gëlwe)\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: gahl, gäl\nSwabian: geal\nCentral Franconian: gäl, jäl, jell\nCimbrian: gel, ghéel (Sette Comuni)\nGerman: gelb; gehl (regional)\n→ Hunsrik: gelleb\nLuxembourgish: giel\nPennsylvania German: gehl\nVilamovian: gaoł\nYiddish: געל (gel), געלב (gelb)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *gelu\nOld English: ġeolu\nMiddle English: ȝelwe, ȝalow, yelow\nEnglish: yellow; yeller, yallow, yaller, yullow (dialectal)\nScots: yella, yelly, yallow\nOld Frisian: *jele\nSaterland Frisian: jeel\nWest Frisian: giel\nOld Saxon: gelo, gelu\nMiddle Low German: gēl\nLow German:\nGerman Low German:\nHamburgisch: geel\nWestphalian:\nRavensbergisch-Lippisch: gial\nLippisch: gäll\nSauerländisch: giäl, geal, gail, gēäl\nWestmünsterländisch: gääl, geel, gell\nPlautdietsch: jäl\nOld Dutch: *gelo\nMiddle Dutch: gēle\nDutch: geel\nLimburgish: gael\nOld High German: gelo\nMiddle High German: gël (inflected gëlwe)\nAlemannic German:\nAlsatian: gahl, gäl\nSwabian: geal\nCentral Franconian: gäl, jäl, jell\nCimbrian: gel, ghéel (Sette Comuni)\nGerman: gelb; gehl (regional)\n→ Hunsrik: gelleb\nLuxembourgish: giel\nPennsylvania German: gehl\nVilamovian: gaoł\nYiddish: געל (gel), געלב (gelb)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gulþą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *gulþą\nProto-West Germanic: *golþ\nOld English: gold\nMiddle English: gold\nEnglish: gold\nScots: gowd, goold\nOld Frisian: gold, goud\nSaterland Frisian: Gould\nWest Frisian: goud\nOld Saxon: gold\nMiddle Low German: golt\nGerman Low German: Gold\nPlautdietsch: Golt\nOld Dutch: golt, gold\nMiddle Dutch: gout\nDutch: goud\nAfrikaans: goud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: gautu\nNegerhollands: gaut, goud, gout\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gaut\n→ Sranan Tongo: gowtu\n→ Caribbean Javanese: gautu\n→ Saramaccan: góútu\n→ Trió: koutu\nLimburgish: góldj\nOld High German: gold\nMiddle High German: golt\nAlemannic German: Gold\nBavarian: Goid, Golt\nCimbrian: gold, golt (Sette Comuni)\nMòcheno: golt\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Gold\nLuxembourgish: Gold\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: gułd\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Gold\nRhine Franconian: Gold\nFrankfurterisch: [g̥olt]\nPennsylvania German: Gold\nYiddish: גאָלד (gold)\nOld Norse: gull\nIcelandic: gull n\nFaroese: gull n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gull n\nOld Swedish: gull n\nSwedish: gull, guld n\nOld Danish:\nDanish: guld n\nNorwegian Bokmål: gull n\n→ Greenlandic: kuulti\nGutnish: gull n\nGothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌻𐌸 (gulþ)\nCrimean Gothic: goltz\n→ Proto-Finnic: *kulta (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Samic: *kollē (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *gulþą\nProto-West Germanic: *golþ\nOld English: gold\nMiddle English: gold\nEnglish: gold\nScots: gowd, goold\nOld Frisian: gold, goud\nSaterland Frisian: Gould\nWest Frisian: goud\nOld Saxon: gold\nMiddle Low German: golt\nGerman Low German: Gold\nPlautdietsch: Golt\nOld Dutch: golt, gold\nMiddle Dutch: gout\nDutch: goud\nAfrikaans: goud\nBerbice Creole Dutch: gautu\nNegerhollands: gaut, goud, gout\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gaut\n→ Sranan Tongo: gowtu\n→ Caribbean Javanese: gautu\n→ Saramaccan: góútu\n→ Trió: koutu\nLimburgish: góldj\nOld High German: gold\nMiddle High German: golt\nAlemannic German: Gold\nBavarian: Goid, Golt\nCimbrian: gold, golt (Sette Comuni)\nMòcheno: golt\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Gold\nLuxembourgish: Gold\nEast Central German:\nVilamovian: gułd\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Gold\nRhine Franconian: Gold\nFrankfurterisch: [g̥olt]\nPennsylvania German: Gold\nYiddish: גאָלד (gold)\nOld Norse: gull\nIcelandic: gull n\nFaroese: gull n\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gull n\nOld Swedish: gull n\nSwedish: gull, guld n\nOld Danish:\nDanish: guld n\nNorwegian Bokmål: gull n\n→ Greenlandic: kuulti\nGutnish: gull n\nGothic: 𐌲𐌿𐌻𐌸 (gulþ)\nCrimean Gothic: goltz\n→ Proto-Finnic: *kulta (see there for further descendants)\n→ Proto-Samic: *kollē (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰelh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ǵʰelh₃-wó-s",
"t": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-wó-s (“yellow”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ǵʰelh₃-",
"3": "*-wós",
"t1": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) + *-wós",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "helvus",
"3": "",
"4": "light-yellow"
},
"expansion": "Latin helvus (“light-yellow”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-wó-s (“yellow”), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) + *-wós. Cognate with Latin helvus (“light-yellow”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "gelwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gelw"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*gelwaz",
"10": "*gelwaimiz",
"11": "*gelwō",
"12": "*gelwǭ",
"13": "*gelwaizōz",
"14": "*gelwaizōi",
"15": "*gelwaizō",
"16": "*gelwôz",
"17": "*gelwōz",
"18": "*gelwaizǫ̂",
"19": "*gelwaimaz",
"2": "*gelwanǭ",
"20": "*gelwaimiz",
"21": "*gelwą, -atō",
"22": "*gelwą, -atō",
"23": "*gelwas, -is",
"24": "*gelwammai",
"25": "*gelwanō",
"26": "*gelwō",
"27": "*gelwō",
"28": "*gelwaizǫ̂",
"29": "*gelwaimaz",
"3": "*gelwas, -is",
"30": "*gelwaimiz",
"31": "*gelwô",
"32": "*gelwanų",
"33": "*gelwiniz",
"34": "*gelwini",
"35": "*gelwinē",
"36": "*gelwaniz",
"37": "*gelwanunz",
"38": "*gelwanǫ̂",
"39": "*gelwammaz",
"4": "*gelwammai",
"40": "*gelwammiz",
"41": "*gelwǭ",
"42": "*gelwōnų",
"43": "*gelwōniz",
"44": "*gelwōni",
"45": "*gelwōnē",
"46": "*gelwōniz",
"47": "*gelwōnunz",
"48": "*gelwōnǫ̂",
"49": "*gelwōmaz",
"5": "*gelwanō",
"50": "*gelwōmiz",
"51": "*gelwô",
"52": "*gelwô",
"53": "*gelwiniz",
"54": "*gelwini",
"55": "*gelwinē",
"56": "*gelwōnō",
"57": "*gelwōnō",
"58": "*gelwanǫ̂",
"59": "*gelwammaz",
"6": "*gelwai",
"60": "*gelwammiz",
"7": "*gelwanz",
"8": "*gelwaizǫ̂",
"9": "*gelwaimaz",
"title": "*gelwaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gelwaz",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "blaikaz"
},
{
"word": "blankaz"
},
{
"word": "hwītaz"
},
{
"word": "blasaz"
},
{
"word": "falwaz"
},
{
"word": "grēwaz"
},
{
"word": "haswaz"
},
{
"word": "grīsaz"
},
{
"word": "hairaz"
},
{
"word": "blakaz"
},
{
"word": "swartaz"
},
{
"word": "raudaz"
},
{
"word": "brūnaz"
},
{
"word": "erpaz"
},
{
"word": "dusnaz"
},
{
"word": "gelwaz"
},
{
"word": "gulaz"
},
{
"word": "grōniz"
},
{
"word": "blēwaz"
},
{
"word": "hēwijaz"
},
{
"word": "baswaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰelh₃-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Indo-European terms prefixed with *ǵʰelh₃-",
"Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-wós",
"West Proto-Germanic",
"gem-pro:Colors"
],
"glosses": [
"yellow"
],
"links": [
[
"yellow",
"yellow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) yellow"
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣel.wɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"North"
],
"word": "gulaz"
}
],
"word": "gelwaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gelwaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (14.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.