See blēwaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*blāu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *blāu\nOld English: blāw, blēo, *blǣ(w) (only attested with i-mutation in blǣhǣwen and blǣwen), possibly in placenames (Blauuefelda , Blafelda, Blowedoune, Blouhulle)\nMiddle English: bloo, blo\nEnglish: blow\nOld Frisian: blāu, blāw\nNorth Frisian: bla, blö\nSaterland Frisian: blau\nWest Frisian: blau\nOld Saxon: blāo, blāu\nMiddle Low German: blâ, blâw, blauwe\nLow German: blau, blaag, bloe (dialectal)\nDutch Low Saxon: blauw\nGerman Low German: blaag, blag, blau, blaug, blo', blao\nPlautdietsch: bleiw\nOld Dutch: *blāo\nMiddle Dutch: blau\nDutch: blauw, blaauw (before 1864)\nAfrikaans: blou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: blau\nJersey Dutch: blāu\nNegerhollands: blauw, blou, blau\nPetjo: blaoe, blauw, blauwe\n→ Lokono: barautho\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: bláu\n→ Indonesian: belau\n→ Papiamentu: blou, blaauw\n→ Sranan Tongo: blaw\nAukan: baaw\n→ Caribbean Javanese: blau\n→ Saramaccan: baáu\n→ Warao: hebulau, jeburau\nLimburgish: blów\nOld High German: blāo\nMiddle High German: blā\nAlemannic German: blaaw\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: plabe\nGottscheerish: blūb\nCentral Franconian: bloo, blau\nHunsrik: blau\nLuxembourgish: blo\nGerman: blau\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: bloh\nVilamovian: błöw\nYiddish: בלאָ (blo), בלוי (bloy)\n→ Spanish: blao\n→ Old French: bloe, blou, bleu, blu, blef, bleve\nBourguignon: blieu\nChampenois: bieu\nMiddle French: bleu\nFrench: bleu\nHaitian Creole: ble\n→ Greek: μπλε (ble)\n→ Italian: blu\n→ Ladino: blu\nLouisiana Creole: blé, ble\n→ Dutch: bleu\nNorman: bliû (Jersey), bllu, blleu\nWalloon: bleu, bleuwe, blåwe\n→ Middle English: blewe, blew, bleu, blue, blwe, blw, blyu\nScots: blew, blue\nEnglish: blue, blew, blewe (obsolete)\nTok Pisin: blu\n→ Fiji Hindi: bulu\n→ Shona: bhuluu\n→ Somali: buluug\n→ Swahili: bluu, buluu\n→ Tooro: bururu\n→ Sicilian: blu\n→ Vulgar Latin: blāvus (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *blāu\nOld English: blāw, blēo, *blǣ(w) (only attested with i-mutation in blǣhǣwen and blǣwen), possibly in placenames (Blauuefelda , Blafelda, Blowedoune, Blouhulle)\nMiddle English: bloo, blo\nEnglish: blow\nOld Frisian: blāu, blāw\nNorth Frisian: bla, blö\nSaterland Frisian: blau\nWest Frisian: blau\nOld Saxon: blāo, blāu\nMiddle Low German: blâ, blâw, blauwe\nLow German: blau, blaag, bloe (dialectal)\nDutch Low Saxon: blauw\nGerman Low German: blaag, blag, blau, blaug, blo', blao\nPlautdietsch: bleiw\nOld Dutch: *blāo\nMiddle Dutch: blau\nDutch: blauw, blaauw (before 1864)\nAfrikaans: blou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: blau\nJersey Dutch: blāu\nNegerhollands: blauw, blou, blau\nPetjo: blaoe, blauw, blauwe\n→ Lokono: barautho\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: bláu\n→ Indonesian: belau\n→ Papiamentu: blou, blaauw\n→ Sranan Tongo: blaw\nAukan: baaw\n→ Caribbean Javanese: blau\n→ Saramaccan: baáu\n→ Warao: hebulau, jeburau\nLimburgish: blów\nOld High German: blāo\nMiddle High German: blā\nAlemannic German: blaaw\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: plabe\nGottscheerish: blūb\nCentral Franconian: bloo, blau\nHunsrik: blau\nLuxembourgish: blo\nGerman: blau\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: bloh\nVilamovian: błöw\nYiddish: בלאָ (blo), בלוי (bloy)\n→ Spanish: blao\n→ Old French: bloe, blou, bleu, blu, blef, bleve\nBourguignon: blieu\nChampenois: bieu\nMiddle French: bleu\nFrench: bleu\nHaitian Creole: ble\n→ Greek: μπλε (ble)\n→ Italian: blu\n→ Ladino: blu\nLouisiana Creole: blé, ble\n→ Dutch: bleu\nNorman: bliû (Jersey), bllu, blleu\nWalloon: bleu, bleuwe, blåwe\n→ Middle English: blewe, blew, bleu, blue, blwe, blw, blyu\nScots: blew, blue\nEnglish: blue, blew, blewe (obsolete)\nTok Pisin: blu\n→ Fiji Hindi: bulu\n→ Shona: bhuluu\n→ Somali: buluug\n→ Swahili: bluu, buluu\n→ Tooro: bururu\n→ Sicilian: blu\n→ Vulgar Latin: blāvus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "blár"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: blár\nIcelandic: blár\nFaroese: bláur\nNorn: blå\nNorwegian Nynorsk: blå; (dialectal) blår, blår’e, blå’u\nNorwegian Bokmål: blå\nJamtish: błá\nElfdalian: blå\nOld Swedish: blār\nSwedish: blå\nOld Danish: blā\nDanish: blå\nGutnish: blåar, blaar\nScanian: bláer\n→ Middle English: bla, blaa, blo, bloo\nScots: blae, bla\nEnglish: blae",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: blár\nIcelandic: blár\nFaroese: bláur\nNorn: blå\nNorwegian Nynorsk: blå; (dialectal) blår, blår’e, blå’u\nNorwegian Bokmål: blå\nJamtish: błá\nElfdalian: blå\nOld Swedish: blār\nSwedish: blå\nOld Danish: blā\nDanish: blå\nGutnish: blåar, blaar\nScanian: bláer\n→ Middle English: bla, blaa, blo, bloo\nScots: blae, bla\nEnglish: blae"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleh₁-",
"t": "blue, gray, yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“blue, gray, yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "flāvus",
"t": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Latin flāvus (“yellow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*blāwos",
"t": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *blāwos (“yellow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰel-",
"t": "light, bright"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“light, bright”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *bʰleh₁wos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“blue, gray, yellow”). Kroonen reconstructs an ablauting u-stem, *bʰléh₁-, *bʰl̥h₁- in order to reconcile the vowels of the Germanic word with Latin flāvus (“yellow”), which is likely cognate; compare also Proto-Celtic *blāwos (“yellow”). It is uncertain whether this root is related to Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“light, bright”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "blēw"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*blēwaz",
"10": "*blēwaimiz",
"11": "*blēwō",
"12": "*blēwǭ",
"13": "*blēwaizōz",
"14": "*blēwaizōi",
"15": "*blēwaizō",
"16": "*blēwôz",
"17": "*blēwōz",
"18": "*blēwaizǫ̂",
"19": "*blēwaimaz",
"2": "*blēwanǭ",
"20": "*blēwaimiz",
"21": "*blēwą, -atō",
"22": "*blēwą, -atō",
"23": "*blēwas, -is",
"24": "*blēwammai",
"25": "*blēwanō",
"26": "*blēwō",
"27": "*blēwō",
"28": "*blēwaizǫ̂",
"29": "*blēwaimaz",
"3": "*blēwas, -is",
"30": "*blēwaimiz",
"31": "*blēwô",
"32": "*blēwanų",
"33": "*blēwiniz",
"34": "*blēwini",
"35": "*blēwinē",
"36": "*blēwaniz",
"37": "*blēwanunz",
"38": "*blēwanǫ̂",
"39": "*blēwammaz",
"4": "*blēwammai",
"40": "*blēwammiz",
"41": "*blēwǭ",
"42": "*blēwōnų",
"43": "*blēwōniz",
"44": "*blēwōni",
"45": "*blēwōnē",
"46": "*blēwōniz",
"47": "*blēwōnunz",
"48": "*blēwōnǫ̂",
"49": "*blēwōmaz",
"5": "*blēwanō",
"50": "*blēwōmiz",
"51": "*blēwô",
"52": "*blēwô",
"53": "*blēwiniz",
"54": "*blēwini",
"55": "*blēwinē",
"56": "*blēwōnō",
"57": "*blēwōnō",
"58": "*blēwanǫ̂",
"59": "*blēwammaz",
"6": "*blēwai",
"60": "*blēwammiz",
"7": "*blēwanz",
"8": "*blēwaizǫ̂",
"9": "*blēwaimaz",
"title": "*blēwaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blēwaz",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blakaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blaikaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blankaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hwītaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blasaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "falwaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grēwaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "haswaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grīsaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hairaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "swartaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "raudaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "brūnaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "erpaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dusnaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gelwaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gulaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grōniz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "blēwaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hēwijaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "baswaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"blue"
],
"id": "en-blēwaz-gem-pro-adj-Fkd2iMDg",
"links": [
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dark bluish or grey color, black"
],
"id": "en-blēwaz-gem-pro-adj-kB82V9Iv",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"bluish",
"bluish"
],
[
"grey",
"grey"
],
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈblɛː.wɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "blēwaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"gem-pro:Colors"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*blāu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *blāu\nOld English: blāw, blēo, *blǣ(w) (only attested with i-mutation in blǣhǣwen and blǣwen), possibly in placenames (Blauuefelda , Blafelda, Blowedoune, Blouhulle)\nMiddle English: bloo, blo\nEnglish: blow\nOld Frisian: blāu, blāw\nNorth Frisian: bla, blö\nSaterland Frisian: blau\nWest Frisian: blau\nOld Saxon: blāo, blāu\nMiddle Low German: blâ, blâw, blauwe\nLow German: blau, blaag, bloe (dialectal)\nDutch Low Saxon: blauw\nGerman Low German: blaag, blag, blau, blaug, blo', blao\nPlautdietsch: bleiw\nOld Dutch: *blāo\nMiddle Dutch: blau\nDutch: blauw, blaauw (before 1864)\nAfrikaans: blou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: blau\nJersey Dutch: blāu\nNegerhollands: blauw, blou, blau\nPetjo: blaoe, blauw, blauwe\n→ Lokono: barautho\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: bláu\n→ Indonesian: belau\n→ Papiamentu: blou, blaauw\n→ Sranan Tongo: blaw\nAukan: baaw\n→ Caribbean Javanese: blau\n→ Saramaccan: baáu\n→ Warao: hebulau, jeburau\nLimburgish: blów\nOld High German: blāo\nMiddle High German: blā\nAlemannic German: blaaw\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: plabe\nGottscheerish: blūb\nCentral Franconian: bloo, blau\nHunsrik: blau\nLuxembourgish: blo\nGerman: blau\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: bloh\nVilamovian: błöw\nYiddish: בלאָ (blo), בלוי (bloy)\n→ Spanish: blao\n→ Old French: bloe, blou, bleu, blu, blef, bleve\nBourguignon: blieu\nChampenois: bieu\nMiddle French: bleu\nFrench: bleu\nHaitian Creole: ble\n→ Greek: μπλε (ble)\n→ Italian: blu\n→ Ladino: blu\nLouisiana Creole: blé, ble\n→ Dutch: bleu\nNorman: bliû (Jersey), bllu, blleu\nWalloon: bleu, bleuwe, blåwe\n→ Middle English: blewe, blew, bleu, blue, blwe, blw, blyu\nScots: blew, blue\nEnglish: blue, blew, blewe (obsolete)\nTok Pisin: blu\n→ Fiji Hindi: bulu\n→ Shona: bhuluu\n→ Somali: buluug\n→ Swahili: bluu, buluu\n→ Tooro: bururu\n→ Sicilian: blu\n→ Vulgar Latin: blāvus (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *blāu\nOld English: blāw, blēo, *blǣ(w) (only attested with i-mutation in blǣhǣwen and blǣwen), possibly in placenames (Blauuefelda , Blafelda, Blowedoune, Blouhulle)\nMiddle English: bloo, blo\nEnglish: blow\nOld Frisian: blāu, blāw\nNorth Frisian: bla, blö\nSaterland Frisian: blau\nWest Frisian: blau\nOld Saxon: blāo, blāu\nMiddle Low German: blâ, blâw, blauwe\nLow German: blau, blaag, bloe (dialectal)\nDutch Low Saxon: blauw\nGerman Low German: blaag, blag, blau, blaug, blo', blao\nPlautdietsch: bleiw\nOld Dutch: *blāo\nMiddle Dutch: blau\nDutch: blauw, blaauw (before 1864)\nAfrikaans: blou\nBerbice Creole Dutch: blau\nJersey Dutch: blāu\nNegerhollands: blauw, blou, blau\nPetjo: blaoe, blauw, blauwe\n→ Lokono: barautho\n→ Caribbean Hindustani: bláu\n→ Indonesian: belau\n→ Papiamentu: blou, blaauw\n→ Sranan Tongo: blaw\nAukan: baaw\n→ Caribbean Javanese: blau\n→ Saramaccan: baáu\n→ Warao: hebulau, jeburau\nLimburgish: blów\nOld High German: blāo\nMiddle High German: blā\nAlemannic German: blaaw\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: plabe\nGottscheerish: blūb\nCentral Franconian: bloo, blau\nHunsrik: blau\nLuxembourgish: blo\nGerman: blau\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: bloh\nVilamovian: błöw\nYiddish: בלאָ (blo), בלוי (bloy)\n→ Spanish: blao\n→ Old French: bloe, blou, bleu, blu, blef, bleve\nBourguignon: blieu\nChampenois: bieu\nMiddle French: bleu\nFrench: bleu\nHaitian Creole: ble\n→ Greek: μπλε (ble)\n→ Italian: blu\n→ Ladino: blu\nLouisiana Creole: blé, ble\n→ Dutch: bleu\nNorman: bliû (Jersey), bllu, blleu\nWalloon: bleu, bleuwe, blåwe\n→ Middle English: blewe, blew, bleu, blue, blwe, blw, blyu\nScots: blew, blue\nEnglish: blue, blew, blewe (obsolete)\nTok Pisin: blu\n→ Fiji Hindi: bulu\n→ Shona: bhuluu\n→ Somali: buluug\n→ Swahili: bluu, buluu\n→ Tooro: bururu\n→ Sicilian: blu\n→ Vulgar Latin: blāvus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "blár"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: blár\nIcelandic: blár\nFaroese: bláur\nNorn: blå\nNorwegian Nynorsk: blå; (dialectal) blår, blår’e, blå’u\nNorwegian Bokmål: blå\nJamtish: błá\nElfdalian: blå\nOld Swedish: blār\nSwedish: blå\nOld Danish: blā\nDanish: blå\nGutnish: blåar, blaar\nScanian: bláer\n→ Middle English: bla, blaa, blo, bloo\nScots: blae, bla\nEnglish: blae",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: blár\nIcelandic: blár\nFaroese: bláur\nNorn: blå\nNorwegian Nynorsk: blå; (dialectal) blår, blår’e, blå’u\nNorwegian Bokmål: blå\nJamtish: błá\nElfdalian: blå\nOld Swedish: blār\nSwedish: blå\nOld Danish: blā\nDanish: blå\nGutnish: blåar, blaar\nScanian: bláer\n→ Middle English: bla, blaa, blo, bloo\nScots: blae, bla\nEnglish: blae"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰleh₁-",
"t": "blue, gray, yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“blue, gray, yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "flāvus",
"t": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Latin flāvus (“yellow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*blāwos",
"t": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *blāwos (“yellow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰel-",
"t": "light, bright"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“light, bright”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *bʰleh₁wos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁- (“blue, gray, yellow”). Kroonen reconstructs an ablauting u-stem, *bʰléh₁-, *bʰl̥h₁- in order to reconcile the vowels of the Germanic word with Latin flāvus (“yellow”), which is likely cognate; compare also Proto-Celtic *blāwos (“yellow”). It is uncertain whether this root is related to Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“light, bright”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwiniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwinē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "blēwammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "blēw"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*blēwaz",
"10": "*blēwaimiz",
"11": "*blēwō",
"12": "*blēwǭ",
"13": "*blēwaizōz",
"14": "*blēwaizōi",
"15": "*blēwaizō",
"16": "*blēwôz",
"17": "*blēwōz",
"18": "*blēwaizǫ̂",
"19": "*blēwaimaz",
"2": "*blēwanǭ",
"20": "*blēwaimiz",
"21": "*blēwą, -atō",
"22": "*blēwą, -atō",
"23": "*blēwas, -is",
"24": "*blēwammai",
"25": "*blēwanō",
"26": "*blēwō",
"27": "*blēwō",
"28": "*blēwaizǫ̂",
"29": "*blēwaimaz",
"3": "*blēwas, -is",
"30": "*blēwaimiz",
"31": "*blēwô",
"32": "*blēwanų",
"33": "*blēwiniz",
"34": "*blēwini",
"35": "*blēwinē",
"36": "*blēwaniz",
"37": "*blēwanunz",
"38": "*blēwanǫ̂",
"39": "*blēwammaz",
"4": "*blēwammai",
"40": "*blēwammiz",
"41": "*blēwǭ",
"42": "*blēwōnų",
"43": "*blēwōniz",
"44": "*blēwōni",
"45": "*blēwōnē",
"46": "*blēwōniz",
"47": "*blēwōnunz",
"48": "*blēwōnǫ̂",
"49": "*blēwōmaz",
"5": "*blēwanō",
"50": "*blēwōmiz",
"51": "*blēwô",
"52": "*blēwô",
"53": "*blēwiniz",
"54": "*blēwini",
"55": "*blēwinē",
"56": "*blēwōnō",
"57": "*blēwōnō",
"58": "*blēwanǫ̂",
"59": "*blēwammaz",
"6": "*blēwai",
"60": "*blēwammiz",
"7": "*blēwanz",
"8": "*blēwaizǫ̂",
"9": "*blēwaimaz",
"title": "*blēwaz (a-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/blēwaz",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "blakaz"
},
{
"word": "blaikaz"
},
{
"word": "blankaz"
},
{
"word": "hwītaz"
},
{
"word": "blasaz"
},
{
"word": "falwaz"
},
{
"word": "grēwaz"
},
{
"word": "haswaz"
},
{
"word": "grīsaz"
},
{
"word": "hairaz"
},
{
"word": "swartaz"
},
{
"word": "raudaz"
},
{
"word": "brūnaz"
},
{
"word": "erpaz"
},
{
"word": "dusnaz"
},
{
"word": "gelwaz"
},
{
"word": "gulaz"
},
{
"word": "grōniz"
},
{
"word": "blēwaz"
},
{
"word": "hēwijaz"
},
{
"word": "baswaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"blue"
],
"links": [
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a dark bluish or grey color, black"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
],
[
"bluish",
"bluish"
],
[
"grey",
"grey"
],
[
"color",
"color"
],
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈblɛː.wɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "blēwaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for blēwaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (15.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.